【2024年一轮复习模拟卷】第一模拟（全国甲卷）（解析版）

第一模拟（全国甲卷）2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷（解析版）注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．（2023·江苏南通·统考模拟预测）Whichsubwaylinewillthemangetonfirst?A．Theredline. B．Theblueline. C．Thecentralline.【答案】A【原文】M:Whatisthequickestwaytogettothesciencemuseumfromhere?W:Youshouldusethesubway.TaketheredlinetoCentralStation,andthenchangetothebluelinetothemuseumstop.M:That’sgreat.Thankyouforyourhelp.2．（2023·江苏南通·统考模拟预测）Whatdoesthewomanlovemostaboutrunning?A．Gettingfit. B．Feelinghappy. C．Beingoutearly.【答案】C【原文】M:I’msogladItookuprunningagain!Itmakesmefeelhappy.Ilovegettingfitter!W:Iknow!Andmyfavoritethingisgettingoutearlierinthemorning.3．（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）Wherearethespeakersnow?A．Attheairport. B．Atarestaurant. C．Athome.【答案】A【原文】W:Didyouheartheannouncement?Ourflighthasbeendelayeduntil10:00p.m.M:Oh,no.Whatarewegoingtodoforfourhours?W:Isuggestwegotoarestaurantandhaveoureveningmeal.4．（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）WhenwillthetaxiarriveatMartin’shouse?A．At5:30a.m. B．At6:30a.m. C．At8:00a.m.【答案】B【原文】W:Whyareyoustilllyingonthebed,Martin?Youneedtocatchtheflightat8:00a.m.tomorrowmorning.Youshouldimmediatelystartpackingup.M:Don’tworry,Mom.I’llgetupat5:30a.m.tomorrowandthatwillleavemeanhourbeforethetaxipicksmeup.5．（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Thehotdog. B．Thebeer C．Thetickets.【答案】C【原文】M:I’vegottwocheapticketsfortonight’sballgame.They’re$10intotal.W:That’sagoodprice.It’sevencheaperthanahotdogorabeer.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。（2023·福建泉州·福建省德化第一中学校联考一模）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Wherearethecups?A．Intheplasticbag. B．Inthebox. C．Inthebackofthecar.7．Whathavethespeakersleftbehind?A．Thefryingpan. B．Theplates. C．Thetent.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】W:Nowthatwe’veputthetentup,let’smakesomethingtodrink.I’llgetthecups.They’reintheplasticbaginthebackofthecar,aren’tthey?M:No,that’sgotthenewfryingpaninit.You’vepackedthecupsintheboxwiththeplates.W:Ahyes,that’sright.Heretheyare.ButIcan’tseetheplasticbaganywhere.M:Ohdear,we’veleftitbehind,sowecan’tcookanything.Well,wecanstillhaveacupoftea.（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whereisthemanheadingfor?A．Theschoolfield. B．Thestadium. C．Thesittingroom.9．Whatwillthewomanpossiblydothen?A．PlaygameswithBrandon.B．Watchbaseballgames. C．Stayathome.【答案】8．A9．C【原文】W:Hey,Brandon,whereareyougoing?M:I’mgoingtoplayabaseballmatchintheschoolfield.W:Soundsinteresting.M:Whynotcomewithmetowatchthegame?W:Thankyou,Brandon,butit’shotoutside.Ijustwanttositcomfortablyinthesofawithcolaandfries.（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Wheredidthewomangointhegapyear?A．Peru. B．America. C．NewZealand.11．Howdoesthewomanthinkofherself?A．Devoted. B．Cooperative. C．Ambitious.12．Whatmightthepositionbeabout?A．IT. B．Dogcare. C．Languageteaching.【答案】10．A11．C12．A【原文】M:Well,sotherewasagapyearduringyouruniversityinNewYork.W:Yes,IwenttoPerutoworkasavolunteer.M:Whatdidyoudothere?W:Forthefirstseveralmonths,Ijoinedthedogrescueteam,andtookcareofthehomelessstreetdogs.Later,IalsoworkedasavolunteerteachingEnglish.M:Idon’tthinktheseexperiencesrelatedtothepositionyouappliedfor.W:I’mafraidIcannotagree.TheexperiencesinPeruhelpmebecomeamoreambitiousperson,whichisthebasicrequirementinthehigh-techfield.M:Impressive.Doyouhaveasalaryrangeexpectation?W:Mysalaryexpectationisbetween$50,000-$60,000peryear,andI’mflexibleandwillingtodiscuss.M:Isee.（2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考模拟预测）听第8段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whatisthewoman’shobbynow?A．Jogging. B．Gardening. C．Playingthepiano.14．Howdoesthewomangettheideatoopenagarden?A．Fromhercousin. B．Fromherhusband. C．Fromherownthought.15．Whydoesthewomanbegintoplantvegetables?A．Shelikesfreshitems. B．Shewantstosavemoney. C．Sheistiredofplantingflowers.16．Whatisthemanmostlikelytobe?A．Auniversitystudent. B．Avegetableseller. C．Agardener.【答案】13．B14．A15．B16．A【原文】M:Hi,Tanisha.I’mdoingsomeresearchformypaper.Iwanttoknowaboutyourhobby.W:OK.WhenIwaslittle,Iusedtoplaythepiano,andthendidsomejoggingsometimes,butinrecentyears,Iturntogardening.M:Wow,cool.Sohaveyougotanygardeninyourhouse?W:Yes,Ihaveasmallone.Myhusbandishelpingmetomakeitlarger.M:Wheredidyougettheinspirationtostartagarden?W:IwasvisitingmycousininDelhi.Isawheramazinggardenonherroof.Butwehaveenoughplaceinfrontofourhouse,sothat’sit.M:Inspiring.Whattypesofplantsdoyouhavetherenow?W:Mostly,IhaveflowersandnowIamtryingtogrowsomevegetables,too.Youknowinbadtimes,everythingisexpensive,especiallyvegetables.M:Thatwillbegreat.Youcancollectsomethingfresh.W:That’sright.M:OK.Thankyouforyourtime.Thatwouldbeofgreathelpformypaper.（2023秋·江苏南通·高三统考期末）听第8段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whomightthespeakerbe?A．Acoach. B．Areferee. C．Aplayer.18．Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheotherteam?A．Theyaretwogoalsdown.B．Theyhavegotmoreyellowcards.C．Theyarethehometeam.19．WhyisPaulunabletoplay?A．Heistootired. B．Heisinjured. C．Hehasretired.20．Whatwillhappennext?A．Theeventcontinues. B．Thecoachcomplains. C．Therefereecheers.【答案】17．A18．B19．B20．A【原文】OKeveryone,gatherroundme.Makesureyou’redrinkingplentyofjuiceandyou’regoingtoneedit.Look,westartedwellandwegotthefirstgoal,butnowwe’retwogoalsdown.Wehaveeverythingtoplayforinthesecondhalf.They’vereceivedalotmoreyellowcardsandthey’replayingaggressively,sotheymightgetamansentoffifwearelucky.Butlet’snotwaitforthattohappen.Iwantyoutogooutthereandteachthemalessonthey’llneverforget.You’rethehometeam.You’rethebetterteam.AndIknowyoucancomebackfromthis.They’vespentmoremoneythanus,butthatdoesn’tmakethemateam.Iknowwe’velostPaulbecauseofhisdamagedknee,butwewillneverbebeaten.Youneedtoworktogetherasateam.Trackbackwhenthey’reontheattackandattackthem.Makesureyouarepassingtheball.Keepyourheaduptoseewhereyourteammatesare.Right,therefereeisabouttoblowthewhistle.Goodluckoutthereguys.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2023·江苏·江苏省天一中学校考模拟预测）Herearethebestartconteststoenterin2023.ArtistsMagazineAnnualArtCompetitionThiscontestseekstoencouragefutureartists.Kidsunder16areencouragedtosubmittwo-dimensionalartworkincludingpaintings,drawings,computer-generatedartwork,photographs,andmoretotheirrepresentativesforconsideration,wherevertheyare.Entriesareacceptedonlineeachspring.Thefeesare$20foreachentry.ThewinnerswillhavetheirartworkpubliclydisplayedattheCapitolforayear,andarealsohonoredatanaward.TheChelseaFineArtsCompetitionFor30years,thisannualartcontesthasawardedworldwidevisualartists.Thiscontestisopentovisualartistsfromaroundtheworldatanystageoftheircareerswhoareatleast18yearsofage.TheentryperiodisfromMarch3rduntilJune3rd.There’safeeforentering:$40fortwopiecesofartwork.There’sanearlybirdperiodwithareducedfeeforentries.DoodleforGoogleArtContestThisannualcontestgivesexposureandsupporttopeoplearoundtheglobewhousetechnologytocreateartwork.Asidefromtheprizes,thiscontestalsoinvolvesexhibitionsandeventstoraiseawareness.Theentryfeesare$50foruptofiveimagesand$5foreachadditionalimage.Thedeadlineforentriesandfeesisinmid-March.TheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsTheartcontestisopentostudentswhoareatleast13yearsoldfromSeptembertoDecember.Nofeeischargedforthiscontest.Winnersareselectedinthevisualandliteraryartsonthebasisoforiginalityandtechnicalskillandwillreceiveprizesthatincludepublication,exhibition,andeducationalscholarshipsworthupto$10,000.21．Whatdothefirsttwocontesthaveincommon?A．Theychargedifferently. B．Theyareintendedforteenagers.C．Theyofferareducedfeeforbeginners. D．Theyareinternationalcontest.22．HowmuchshouldbepaidforsevenentriesforDoodleforGoogleArtContest?A．$50. B．$55. C．$60. D．$65.23．WhatmakesTheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsspecial?A．Teenagerscansignupforfree. B．Thiscontestisheldeveryyear.C．Onlyteenagerscanenterforit. D．Prizewinnerswillmakeaspeech.【答案】21．D22．C23．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在2023年举办的艺术比赛，包括报名费、截止日期等信息。21．细节理解题。根据ArtistsMagazineAnnualArtCompetition部分中“Kidsunder16areencouragedtosubmittwo-dimensionalartworkincludingpaintings,drawings,computer-generatedartwork,photographs,andmoretotheirrepresentativesforconsideration,wherevertheyare.（鼓励16岁以下的孩子提交二维艺术作品，包括绘画、素描、电脑生成的艺术作品、照片等，以供他们的代理人考虑，无论他们在哪里。）”和TheChelseaFineArtsCompetition部分中“Thiscontestisopentovisualartistsfromaroundtheworldatanystageoftheircareerswhoareatleast18yearsofage.（本次比赛向来自世界各地的视觉艺术家开放，年龄在18岁以上，处于职业生涯的任何阶段。）”可知，这两个比赛都是面向全球的。故选D项。22．细节理解题。根据DoodleforGoogleArtContest部分中“Theentryfeesare$50foruptofiveimagesand$5foreachadditionalimage.（参赛费用为50美元，最多5张图片，每增加一张另收5美元。）”可知，7份参赛作品需要交的报名费是60美元（=50+5×2）。故选C项。23．细节理解题。根据TheScholasticArtandWritingAwards部分中“Nofeeischargedforthiscontest.（本次比赛不收取任何费用。）”可知，参加这次艺术比赛是免费的。故选A项。B（2023春·广东深圳·高三深圳市福田区福田中学校考阶段练习）Teachersinpoorareasarealwaysbeingaskedtodomorewithless.They'regivensmallerbudgetsandlargertasksinschoolsthatemployfewerteachersandtakeinmorestudents.ButnoneofthesestrugglescanquitecomparetothechallengesfacedbyacomputingteacherAkotoinGhanawhoteacheshisstudentshowtousecomputers.Akotorecentlypostedphotosofhisclassroom,andthey'vegottenquitearesponse.Akotoisaninformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)teacherwhohasbeenassignedtoteachhisstudentswithoutusinganactualcomputer.Solikeanygoodteacher,Akototeachesthembydrawingpicturesofacomputerontheblackboard.Akotorecentlysharedimagesofoneofhiscomputerlessons,inwhichhecanbeseenusingmulti-coloredchalktodrawthefeaturesofMicrosoftWordsoftwareontheblackboard.Inoneofthephotos,youcanseehisstudentsdrawingthesameimagesintheirnotebooks.Onemightask,"Whydotheybothertotakesuchachallengingcourse?"Buthere'sthereason:EventhoughthestudentsatAkoto'sschooldon'thavecomputers,theyarestillrequiredtopassanationalexamthatincludesasectiononcomputingskillsbeforetheymoveortohighschool.SoAkotodoeswhatheneedstodotoensurethathisstudentsunderstandthematerialHehasdrawnpicturesmanytimesforhisstudentsoverhissixyearsandjusthappenedtosharethepicturesthistimeonFacebook.Hesayshehashisownpersonallaptop,butitisdifferentfromtheoneAkotoisrequiredtoteach.Hedoesn'tbringittoclassforfearofconfusingthekidswithacomputerthattheyhaveneverseen.ThegoodnewsisthatthoseFacebookpicturesmadetheirwaytotherightplace.MicrosoftAfricapromisedtogivehimsomeproperresources.OthersalsosteppeduptotheplateandhelpedoutAkoto.NIITGhana,aninformationtechnologytraininginstitution,donatedfivecomputerstoAkoto'sschoolandoneforAkotohimself.APhDstudentattheUniversityofLeedsintheU.K.inspiredbyAkotoalsodonatedacomputer.24．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthestateofAkoto'sschool?A．Well-funded. B．Underdeveloped. C．Full-equipped. D．Unattended.25．HowdoAkoto'sstudentsreacttohisclasses?A．Theymodelafterhisbehaviorinclass. B．Theylearntoidentifymulti-coloredchalk.C．Theyusuallytakephotosofthecomputers. D．Theyoftenshareimagesoftheirlessonsonline.26．WhydoesAkotochoosenottobringhisownlaptoptohisclasses?A．Heisunwillingtoshareit. B．Heisconfusedbyitssystem.C．Heisuncertainaboutitsfunction. D．Heisafraidtopuzzlehisstudents27．Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Tostandstillistomoveback. B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Greatthingscanbeachievedbyjointeffort. D．Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.【答案】24．B25．A26．D27．C【分析】本文是记叙文。Akoto是加纳的一位老师，由于条件有限,他常在黑板上画出电脑的图像进行计算机教学。一次，他把自己授课的图片发到了Facebook上，这一举动让更多人了解到他们的困境，大家纷纷帮助他们。24．推理判断题。根据第一段“Teachersinpoorareasarealwaysbeingaskedtodomorewithless.They'regivensmallerbudgetsandlargertasksinschoolsthatemployfewerteachersandtakeinmorestudents.ButnoneofthesestrugglescanquitecomparetothechallengesfacedbyacomputingteacherAkotoinGhanawhoteacheshisstudentshowtousecomputers.(贫困地区的教师总是被要求用更少的钱做更多的事。他们被给予更少的预算和更大的任务在学校雇用更少的教师和接收更多的学生。但是，这些困难都无法与加纳计算机老师Akoto所面临的挑战相提并论。Akoto教他的学生如何使用计算机)”以及第二段中“Akotorecentlypostedphotosofhisclassroom,andthey'vegottenquitearesponse.Akotoisaninformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)teacherwhohasbeenassignedtoteachhisstudentswithoutusinganactualcomputer.(Akoto最近贴出了他教室的照片，他们得到了相当多的回应。Akoto是一名信息和通信技术教师，他被指派在不使用电脑的情况下教他的学生)”可推知，Akoto所在的学校教学条件比较落后。故选B。25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Akotorecentlysharedimagesofoneofhiscomputerlessons,inwhichhecanbeseenusingmulti-coloredchalktodrawthefeaturesofMicrosoftWordsoftwareontheblackboard.Inoneofthephotos,youcanseehisstudentsdrawingthesameimagesintheirnotebooks.(Akoto最近分享了他的一节计算机课的图片，可以看到他在黑板上用彩色粉笔画出了微软Word软件的特征。在其中一张照片中，你可以看到他的学生在他们的笔记本上画同样的图像)”可知，Akoto的学生在课堂上模仿他在笔记本上画出同样的图像。故选A。26．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hedoesn'tbringittoclassforfearofconfusingthekidswithacomputerthattheyhaveneverseen.(他没有把它带到课堂上，因为他担心孩子们会因为一台他们从未见过的电脑而感到困惑)”可知，Akoto不把自己的笔记本电脑带进教室是因为害怕孩子们会把他的电脑和他画的电脑混淆。故选D。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThegoodnewsisthatthoseFacebookpicturesmadetheirwaytotherightplace.MicrosoftAfricapromisedtogivehimsomeproperresources.OthersalsosteppeduptotheplateandhelpedoutAkoto.NIITGhana,aninformationtechnologytraininginstitution,donatedfivecomputerstoAkoto'sschoolandoneforAkotohimself.APhDstudentattheUniversityofLeedsintheU.K.inspiredbyAkotoalsodonatedacomputer.(好消息是，这些Facebook上的照片到了正确的地方。微软非洲承诺给他一些适当的资源。其他人也站出来帮助Akoto。加纳信息技术培训机构NIIT向Akoto的学校捐赠了五台电脑，给Akoto本人捐赠了一台。受Akoto启发，英国利兹大学的一名博士生也捐赠了一台电脑)”可知，Akoto分享的照片引起了很大的反响，大家纷纷帮助他们。故C项“众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。故选C。C（2023·湖南长沙·雅礼中学校考二模）Oneman’strashisanotherman’streasureisabsolutelythecaseinTurkeywheregarbagecollectorsstartedcollectingbooksthathavebeenthrownawayandendedupopeningalibrary.ItstartedwhengarbagemanDursonIpekfoundabagofabandonedbookswhenhewasworkingandthenitsnowballedfromthere.Ipekandothergarbagemenstartedgatheringthebookstheyfoundonthestreetsthatwerereadyforlandfills(垃圾填埋地)andastheircollectionstartedtogrow,sodidwordofmouth.Soon,localresidentsstarteddonatingbooksdirectly.Thelibrarywasinitiallyavailableonlytothegarbageemployeesandtheirfamiliestousebutasthecollectiongrew,sodidpublicinterestandthelibrarywasopenedtothepublicin2017.“Ontheonehand,therewerethosewhowereleavingthesebooksonthestreets.Ontheotherhand,otherswerelookingforthesebooks,”AnkayamayorAlperTasdelentoldCNN.“Westartedtodiscusstheideaofcreatingalibraryfromthesebooks.Wheneveryonesupportedit,thisprojecthappened.”Allthebooksthatarefoundaresortedandcheckedforcondition.Iftheypass,theygoontheshelves.Today,thelibraryhasover6,000booksthatrangefromfictiontononfictionandthere’saverypopularchildren’ssectionthatevenhasacollectionofcomicbooks.AnentiresectionisdevotedtoscientificresearchandtherearealsobooksavailableinEnglishandFrench.Thecollectionhasgrownsolargethatthelibraryloansbookstoschoolsandeducationalprograms.“VillageschoolteachersfromalloverTurkeyarerequestingbooks,”TasdelentoldCNN.Thegovernmenthastohireafull-timeemployeetomanagethelibrary.Thislibraryisincrediblypopular.Itisfrequentlyfilledwiththechildrenofthecity’sworkersandstudentsfromnearbyschools.Thereisawaitingroomsetupforreadersandchessboardsforthepeoplewhovisitthelibrary.Youcanevenenjoyacupofteainthewaitingroom.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snowballed”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Declinedquickly. B．Grewslowly. C．Developedrapidly. D．Worsenedsteadily.29．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutthelibrary?A．Itsgreatpopularity. B．Itspotentialsignificance.C．Itshugecollectionofbooks. D．Itswidevarietyofreaders.30．Whydidthegovernmenthireafull-timeemployee?A．Toraisepeople’sawarenessofrecycling. B．Toclassifyandcheckthedonatedbooks.C．Toexpandthesocialinfluenceofthelibrary. D．Tomeetthehugedemandfromruralteachers.31．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelibraryfromthelastparagraph?A．It’sanexcellentplacetoenjoytea. B．It’scrowdedwithreaderseveryday.C．Itneedstoimproveitsmanagement. D．Itprovidesaveryconsiderateservice.【答案】28．C29．C30．D31．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了垃圾收集者收集丢弃书籍并建造了一家图书馆的故事。文章旨在引导学生关注环境问题，树立废物循环利用的环保意识。28．词句猜测题。根据画线单词所在句中的“ItstartedwhengarbagemanDursonIpekfoundabagofabandonedbooks”可知，刚开始DursonIpek只是发现了一袋被丢弃的书；再结合第二段第二句中的“astheircollectionstartedtogrow,sodidwordofmouth.”可知，图书馆收藏的书越来越多，并且口碑也越来越好。由此可以推断出，画线单词“snowballed”应指图书馆的快速发展。故选C。29．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Allthebooksthatarefoundaresortedandcheckedforcondition.Iftheypass,theygoontheshelves.Today,thelibraryhasover6,000booksthatrangefromfictiontononfictionandthere’saverypopularchildren’ssectionthatevenhasacollectionofcomicbooks.AnentiresectionisdevotedtoscientificresearchandtherearealsobooksavailableinEnglishandFrench.Thecollectionhasgrownsolargethatthelibraryloansbookstoschoolsandeducationalprograms.(所有找到的书都经过分类和检查。如果通过，就会被摆上货架。今天，图书馆有超过6000本书，从小说到非小说，有一个非常受欢迎的儿童读物区，甚至收藏了漫画书。整个部分专门用于科学研究，也有英语和法语的书籍。藏书越来越多，以至于图书馆把书借给学校和教育项目)”可知，第四段主要介绍了该图书馆收藏了大量的书籍。故选C。30．推理判断题。根据第五段““VillageschoolteachersfromalloverTurkeyarerequestingbooks,”TasdelentoldCNN.Thegovernmenthastohireafull-timeemployeetomanagethelibrary.(塔斯德伦告诉CNN：“来自土耳其各地的乡村学校老师都在索要书籍。”政府必须雇用一名全职雇员来管理图书馆)”可推知，乡村学校的教师经常会前往图书馆借书，因此，政府不得不雇用一位全职员工来管理图书馆，以满足教师对书籍的需求。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thereisawaitingroomsetupforreadersandchessboardsforthepeoplewhovisitthelibrary.Youcanevenenjoyacupofteainthewaitingroom.(图书馆为读者设置了一个候诊室，为参观图书馆的人设置了棋盘。你甚至可以在等候室喝杯茶)”可推知，该图书馆为读者提供了非常周到的服务。故选D。D（2023·浙江杭州·校联考模拟预测）AsanintenseheatwavesweepsthroughChina,residentsareseekingreliefinairraidsheltersandswimmingpoolstostaycool,anddozensofcities,includingShanghai,ChongqingandHangzhou,haveissuedtheirhighest-levelredalertwarnings.Shanghaihasissuedthreeredalertsthisyear,withthetemperaturehitting40.9CelsiusonJuly13,matchingtherecordsetin2017since1873.ThefactthatShanghaihasexperiencedonly16daysof40°C-plustemperaturessincethecitybegankeepingrecordsin1873shouldgiveusanideaabouttheseriousnessofthesituation.Medicalexpertssayextremeheatcouldcausenausea(恶心),fatigue,sunstrokeandevendeath,withseniorcitizensandpeoplewithlong-termillnessesparticularlyvulnerabletoheatwaves.Extremeheatevents,whichbeganamonthago,haveaffectedthelivesofmorethan900millionpeopleinChina.BetweenJune1andJuly12,theaveragenumberofdayswithtemperaturesabove35°Cwas5.3,up2.4daysovernormalyears,breakingthenationalrecordsetin1961,accordingtotheNationalClimateCenter.PartsofEuropearealsointhegripofheatwavesandexperiencingextremeweathereventsafterthewesternpartofNorthAmericafacedextremeheatwaveslastyear.Inresponsetotheexceptionallyhightemperatures,theUnitedKingdomhasdeclaredanationalemergencyandissuedthehighest-levelredalertwarningforMondayandTuesdayforthefirsttime.Morealarmingly,theaverageglobaltemperatureinJunethisyearwas0.4°Chigherthannormalyearsandthehighestsince1979,withtemperaturesincountriessuchasSpain,FranceandItalyexceeding40°C．Unfortunately,extremeheat,whichisdirectlyrelatedtoclimatechange,willbecomemorefrequentandintenseinthenext30years,settingnewrecordsforhightemperatures.Asglobalwarmingintensifies,lossesanddevastationwillincrease,forcingnaturalandhumansystemstoraisetheiradaptationlimits.32．Whatcanweknowabouttheheatwavesthisyear?A．Itmaycausemoreharmtotheoldandpeoplewithlong-termillnesses.B．Thenumberofdaysabove35°CinJunebreaksthenationalrecord.C．Shanghaihasexperiencedahighertemperaturethanthatin2017.D．ThewholeEuropeaswellasAmericaaresufferingfromtheheatwaves.33．Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?A．Byanalyzingandconcluding. B．Byexplainingandcontrasting.C．Bygivingexamplesandquoting. D．Bygivingfiguresandcomparing.34．Accordingtothewriter,whatisthetrendofextremeheat?A．Becomingmoreserious. B．Remainingstable.C．Stayingunpredictable. D．Gettingcontrollable.35．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thesolutionstotheclimatechange. B．Theeconomiclossesfromheatwaves.C．Theincreaseofsevereheatwaves. D．Thedestructiveeffectofglobalwarming.【答案】32．A33．D34．A35．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了高温天气的危害以及高温天气的增加情况。32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Medicalexpertssayextremeheatcouldcausenausea(恶心),fatigue,sunstrokeandevendeath,withseniorcitizensandpeoplewithlong-termillnessesparticularlyvulnerabletoheatwaves.(医学专家表示，极端高温会导致恶心、疲劳、中暑甚至死亡，老年人和长期病患者尤其容易受到高温的影响)”可知，今年的高温可能对老年人和有长期疾病的人造成更大的伤害。故选A。33．推理判断题。根据第一段“Shanghaihasissuedthreeredalertsthisyear,withthetemperaturehitting40.9CelsiusonJuly13,matchingtherecordsetin2017since1873.ThefactthatShanghaihasexperiencedonly16daysof40°C-plustemperaturessincethecitybegankeepingrecordsin1873shouldgiveusanideaabouttheseriousnessofthesituation.(上海今年发布了三次红色预警，7月13日气温达到40.9摄氏度，追平了自1873年以来2017年创下的纪录。上海自1873年开始记录气温以来，只有16天气温超过40摄氏度，这一事实应该让我们了解到情况的严重性)”以及第三段“Extremeheatevents,whichbeganamonthago,haveaffectedthelivesofmorethan900millionpeopleinChina.BetweenJune1andJuly12,theaveragenumberofdayswithtemperaturesabove35°Cwas5.3,up2.4daysovernormalyears,breakingthenationalrecordsetin1961,accordingtotheNationalClimateCenter.(一个月前开始的极端高温天气已经影响了中国9亿多人的生活。根据国家气候中心的数据，6月1日至7月12日期间，平均气温在35℃以上的天数为5.3天，比正常年份增加2.4天，打破了1961年创下的全国纪录)”可推知，作者通过给出数字和比较展开文章。故选D。34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unfortunately,extremeheat,whichisdirectlyrelatedtoclimatechange,willbecomemorefrequentandintenseinthenext30years,settingnewrecordsforhightemperatures.(不幸的是，与气候变化直接相关的极端高温将在未来30年变得更加频繁和强烈，创造新的高温记录)”可知，根据作者的观点，极端高温的趋势会变得越来越严重。故选A。35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AsanintenseheatwavesweepsthroughChina,residentsareseekingreliefinairraidsheltersandswimmingpoolstostaycool,anddozensofcities,includingShanghai,ChongqingandHangzhou,haveissuedtheirhighest-levelredalertwarnings.(随着强烈的高温席卷中国，居民们纷纷到防空洞和游泳池寻求降温，包括上海、重庆和杭州在内的数十个城市发布了最高级别的红色预警)”结合文章主要说明了高温天气的危害以及高温天气的增加情况。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是严重高温的增加。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2023·全国·统考高考真题）TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?Thereisoneanswer.36.IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.37.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(满足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.38.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●39.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“40.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【答案】36．G37．E38．B39．C40．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。36．根据上文“Here’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There’soneanswer.(这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。37．根据上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。38．根据上文“Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatca