2024年新教材高中英语UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS过关检测含解析新人教版必修第一册

PAGEPAGE15第四单元过关检测(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheAlamoVisitinghistoricplacesisagreatwaytohavefunandlearnabouthistory.AfavouritehistoricsiteinthestateofTexasis“theAlamo”.OnMarch6,1836,afamousbattle(战役)tookplaceattheAlamo.AsmallgroupofsoldiersfromTexasfoughtamuchlargerarmyledbytheMexicanGeneralSantaAnna.SantaAnna’sarmywonthebattle.TheAlamohasexactcopiesoftheweapons(武器)usedduringthebattle.ItalsohasinstrumentsusedduringtheWarofTexasIndependence.TheAlamoisareallyinterestingplacetovisit.VisitationHours9:00a.m.to5:30p.m.MondaythroughSaturday12:00a.m.to5:30p.m.onSundaySummerHours:OpenFridaysandSaturdaysuntil7p.m.duringthemonthsofJune,July,andAugustAdmission(入场费)isfree.AddressTheAlamo,300AlamoPlaza(广场),SanAntonio,TexasPhonenumber:(210)225-1391DirectionsfromInterstate371.TravelnorthandgooutatCommerceStreet.2.Turnleft.3.GothreeblockstoAvenueE.4.Turnright.5.GotoHoustonStreet.6.Turnright.7.GototheAlamoPlaza.8.Parkinthefreeparkinglot.OtherInformationItisveryhotandbrightinSanAntoniointhesummertime.BesuretowearahatorsunglasseswhenvisitingtheAlamoduringthesummermonths.Inthewinter,itissomewhatcold.TheAlamoisanopenbuildingthathasthesametemperatureinsideasoutside.Dressproperly.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheAlamo?A.VisitsomeoldTexassoldiers.B.Takepartinanopen-airactivity.C.LearnaboutthehistoryofTexas.D.Getsomefreehatsorsunglasses.答案C解析细微环节理解题。由第一段对景点Alamo的介绍“AfavouritehistoricsiteinthestateofTexas”和“hasexactcopiesoftheweapons...duringtheWarofTexasIndependence”可知,游客在这里可以了解得克萨斯州的历史。2.OnwhichdayarevisitorsallowedtoleavetheAlamoat7p.m.?A.Monday,July12.B.Friday,October15.C.Saturday,August14. D.Sunday,September12.答案C解析细微环节理解题。由VisitationHours部分的巡游时间可知,Alamo夏季六月至八月的周五和周六的开放时间延长至晚上七点。3.WhereistheAlamo’sparkinglot?A.OnAvenueE. B.OnCommerceStreet.C.NexttoInterstate37. D.NexttoHoustonStreet.答案D解析细微环节理解题。由DirectionsfromInterstate37部分的路途指示“5.GotoHoustonStreet.6.Turnright.7.GototheAlamoPlaza.8.Parkinthefreeparkinglot.”可知,Alamo的停车场位于HoustonStreet旁边。BCanyousurviveanunannouncedstorm?Althoughthereisexpertbroadcastingandweareequippedwithcellphones,there’restillsomeexampleswhentheviolentweathertakesusbysurprise.WhilemostAtlantichurricanesformoffthecoastofAfricagivingplentyofearlywarning,suddenCaribbeanandGulfofMexicohurricanesformandmoverapidlyinlessthanaday’stime,endangeringeveryoneandeverythingintheirpath.There’vebeenoilworkerstrappedofftheshorewhensuddenstormsappeared.Fieldarcheologistshavebeenstuckincoastalareaswithoutstormwarning.Itwasn’tbutafewdecadesagothataTexasNationalGuardgroupwastrappedonthebeachbyrain-forcedfloodingandhadtorideoutamajorhurricaneduringatrainingexercise.There’vebeenafewcaseswhentravellersweretrappedonanislandorinacoastalareaandunabletoescapeintime.Escapingfromthestorm-threatenedareasisgenerallyachoiceformostofus—butnotforall.EachyearthousandsofislandersacrosstheCaribbeanfacethedangerofhurricaneswithoutsomuchasapublicsheltertohidein.Mostrideoutthestormintheirhomes.Butthere’reafewthingsyoucandotoprepareyourselfforsomeunexpectedemergencies.Beingpreparedfortheunexpectedmaybeyourbestandonlydefense.Ifyou’reheadedoutdoorsforafewdaysorweeks,youshouldalwayscarryaflashlightwithextrabatteries,aGPSdevice,andabasicmedicalbox.Ifyou’retravellinginyourcar,rememberyoumaysufferfromhighwinds.You’dbetternotstayinsidetoavoidbeingblownawayalongwithyourcar.Keepingyourheadandyourcourageupisessentialtosurvivalinanytypeofdanger.Letcommonsenseguideyouandalwaysbepreparedfortheworst.4.Accordingtothetext,mostAtlantichurricanes.

A.formintheCaribbeanSea BefromGulfofMexicoC.developoffthecoastofAfrica D.arefromthePacificOcean答案C解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段的“WhilemostAtlantichurricanesformoffthecoastofAfricagivingplentyofearlywarning”可知大部分的大西洋飓风是在非洲沿岸形成的。故选C项。5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thebadsituationsofoilworkers. B.Peopletrappedbysuddenstorms.C.Thedangeroftravellingonanisland. D.TheTexasNationalGuardgroup.答案B解析段落大意题。依据第三段的关键词oilworkers,Fieldarcheologists,aTexasNationalGuardgroup和travellers可知,这段主要讲的是被飓风困住的各种人。故选B项。6.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Togivesomeadvice. B.Toencouragetravelling.C.Tounderlinethedangerofhurricanes. D.Togivesomewarnings.答案A解析推理推断题。依据最终一段的“Butthere’reafewthingsyoucandotoprepareyourselfforsomeunexpectedemergencies.”可知,最终一段主要介绍了一些建议——怎样为预料之外的紧急状况做打算。故选A项。7.Inwhichpartofawebsitewouldyoumostprobablyfindthetext?A.Science.B.Sports.C.Life. D.Culture.答案C解析推理推断题。文章介绍了飓风给人们带来的危害,同时给读者供应了一些如何应对突如其来的大风的建议。所以是和人们的生活亲密相关的文章。故选C项。CSometimesweexperiencepainthatseemsjusttoobigtofeel,toofrighteningtoface—itlookslikeatsunami.So,werun.MytsunamicamewhenIwasnineyearsold.Iwaswokenupbymymother’sscreams—“Bob?Bob?Bob!”Irantomyparents’bedroom.Myfatherwasonallfours,unconscious.Mymotherwascrazy—desperatelytryingtofigureouthowtostopwhatwashappening.Irantothephone—911,theneighbours,anyone—“Helpus!”Soonrescuecame,butmyfatherdidn’tcomebacktolife.Whenmyfriendscametocomfortme,Iremembered“pullingmyselftogether”asIwalkedtowardthem,determiningtoshowthemthatIwasfine.ThemoreIdeniedmypain,themoreIwaspraisedbytheadultsaroundme—“Oh,lookhowstrongheis!”So,Ikeptsaying“I’mfine”overandoveragain.Isaiditenough—performeditenough—thatIevenfooledmyself.IbelievedthatIwasokay.Butpaindoesn’tjust“goaway”—thatwhole“timeheals”thingisatotalcrock.30yearsaftermyfatherdied,whenIlookedaroundforanexplanationforalltheyearsofdestructivebehaviour,Icouldn’tfindtherootofthepaininmylifebecauseIhadcovereditupsowell.Allthe“I’mfine”—30yearsofthem—buriedthepainofthatnine-year-oldboy.Mypainhadbeentryingtocomeout,tobeheard,tobehealed.And,finally,itwas.Afteryearsoftreatment,Ifoundmywaybacktothatnightwherethepainstarted,backtothetsunami.Thistime,Ididn’trun.Ithurt—itstillhurts—butnow,whenithurts,Iletthepaincome.I’mnotscaredtosay,“I’mnotfine”—becauseIknow,eventually,Iwillbe.8.Whatdidtheauthordowhenhisfatherwasindanger?A.Heranouttolookforrescue. B.Hekeptcalmandaskedforhelp.C.Heofferedfirstaidtohimatonce. D.Hewastooafraidtodoanything.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Irantothephone—911,theneighbours,anyone—‘Helpus!’”可知,作者保持冷静并向别人寻求帮助。故答案为B项。9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“crock”inparagraph5?A.Fact. B.Theory.C.Experiment. D.Lie.答案D解析词义揣测题。依据上下文可知,作者内心的苦痛并没有随着时间的消逝而被治愈,由此可知画线词所在句子的意思是:……,“时间可以治愈一切”这种说法是彻头彻尾的谎言。故答案为D项(谎言)。10.Whywastheauthorpraised?A.Hebehavedpolitely. B.Heseemedtobeconfident.C.Hecouldlookafterhimself. D.Hecouldhandletheblowproperly.答案D解析推理推断题。依据第四段第一句(我越不承认我的苦痛,我四周的成年人越表扬我……)可知,作者之所以受到表扬是因为他能很好地处理自己所遭遇的打击。故选D项。11.Whatlessoncanwegetfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Hidingourpaincanbeharmful. B.Expressingpainisnotveryeasy.C.Beingstrongmeanshidingone’spain. D.Childrenaregoodatcoveringuptheirpain.答案A解析推理推断题。文章介绍了作者在父亲去世的打击下,掩饰自己的苦痛,假装坚毅,后来意识到自己隐藏在心底的苦痛是造成生活中许多不幸的根源,换句话说,压抑自己的苦痛是有害的。故选A项(隐藏我们的苦痛是有害的)。DStuckinalift?Theseholescanhelpyouout.Yes,thattinyholeyouseeontheliftdoor.Itmightjustsaveyourlife.Saytheliftyou’reinstopsatafloorandthedoorsdon’topen.Itcouldbeapowerfailureoranequipmentconkout.Butgettingoutisn’teasy.Liftsareequippedwithlotsoffeaturestopreventthedoorsfromopeningfreelyorwhenthey’rebetweenfloors.

“Gettingstuckinliftsisdangerousandhelpless,”saysRobertSolomon,thedirectorofBuildingFireProtection&FireProtectionSystemsfortheNationalFireProtectionAssociation.“Whatyou’llusuallyseeisthefiredepartment,orsometimesthebuildingrepairman,willgetonthespotandusesomeprocedurestogetthepeopleoutwhiletheproblemisbeingworkedoutandhopefullyrepaired.”That’swherethosesmallholescomein.Openingthedoorsrequiresaspecialtoolcalledahoistway(电梯井道)doorunlockingkey.Itgetsinsertedintotheliftdoortoopenit.Sincethefirecodebeganrequiringitinthe1970s,somemakershaveequippedtheirliftwithit.Thekeysareusuallyusedbyarestrictednumberofpeople,suchastheliftmechanicsorbuildingcaretakers.ThefirecodealsorequiresthatspecialaccesstoolsforeachbuildingbekeptinaspecifiedsecureareasuchasaKnoxBoxthatfirefighterscanopen.Fortunately,it’srarethatusingthekeysisnecessary,Solomonsays.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“conkout”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Upgrade. B.Repair.C.Breakdown. D.Check.答案C解析词义揣测题。依据画线词组前后的“Saytheliftyou’reinstopsatafloorandthedoorsdon’topen.Itcouldbeapowerfailure”和“Butgettingoutisn’teasy.”可知,该处主要讲的是电梯出现故障,因此conkout与breakdown含义接近。故选C项。13.Whatdothesmallholesintheliftdoorserveas?A.Keyholes. B.Monitors.C.Airholes. D.Decorativeobjects.答案A解析推理推断题。第一段就提到电梯门上的小洞可以帮助被困在电梯中的人出来,第三段就讲解并描述了这个小洞是怎么起作用的:特别的开电梯门的钥匙可以插进来打开电梯门。由此可推知,电梯门上的小洞相当于钥匙孔。故选A项。14.Whereshouldtheunlockingkeybeput?A.Inarepairman’stoolbox. B.Inaspecialsafeplace.C.Atthebuildingcorner. D.Behindtheliftdoor.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“ThefirecodealsorequiresthatspecialaccesstoolsforeachbuildingbekeptinaspecifiedsecureareasuchasaKnoxBoxthatfirefighterscanopen.”可知,特别的开门工具应放置在指定的平安区域;再由第三段中的“Openingthedoorsrequiresaspecialtoolcalledahoistwaydoorunlockingkey.”可知,这种专用工具就是打开电梯井道门的钥匙。故选B项。15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Thepeoplewhoshouldrepairthelifts B.ThestepsyouescapefromabrokenliftC.Specialfeaturesliftsareequippedwith D.Thereasonwhyliftshavesmallholes答案D解析主旨大意题。全文围绕电梯门上的小洞的用途绽开,故D项符合题意。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouareinacitywhereeveryonerushes,realisethatyoudon’thavetobelikeeveryoneelse.Youcanbedifferent.Youcanwalkinsteadofdrivinginrushhourtraffic.Youcanbeonyourelectronicdevicesless,andbedisconnectedsometimes.Yourenvironmentdoesn’tcontrolyourlife—youdo.I’mnotgoingtogiveyouastep-by-stepguidetomovingslower.16

Doless.Cutbackonyourprojects,onyourtasklist,andonhowmuchyoutrytodoeachday.Focusnotonquantitybutonquality.17Savesmaller,routinetasksforlaterintheday,butgiveyourselftimetofocus.

Havefewermeetings.18Andtheyeatintoyourday,forcingyoutosqueezethethingsyoureallyneedtodointosmallwindowsandmakingyourush.

19

Whenyoudotheimportantthingswithfocus,withoutrush,therewillbethingsthatgetpushedback.Andyouneedtoaskyourself:Hownecessaryarethesethings?WhatwillhappenifIstopdoingthem?Practisemindfulness.Simplylearntoliveinthepresent,ratherthanthefutureorthepast.Whenyoueat,fullyappreciateyourfood.Whenyouarewithotherpeople,bewiththemfully.Whenyouarewalking,appreciateyoursurroundings,nomatterwhereyouare.Trythesethingsout.Lifeisbetterwhenunrushed.20

A.Starttoputofforcanceltheunnecessary.B.Meetingsareusuallyabigwasteoftime.C.Giveyourselfmoretimetogetreadyandgetthere.D.Theworldwon’tendifyoudon’tpassoneoftheexaminations.E.Butherearesomethingstoconsiderandadopt,iftheyworkforyourlife.F.Rememberthequote:Ifnaturecangeteverythingdonewithoutrushing,socanyou.G.Pick2-3importantthings—orevenjustoneimportantthing—andworkonthosefirst.答案16~20EGBAF其次部分语言学问运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Yearsago,Iwasonalongflight,duringwhichavoicefromthespeakersaid,“Wewon’t21drinksorthemealbecausewearefacingastormahead.Pleasemakeyoursafebeltsfastened.”Manypassengersbecame22,talkingaboutitwitheachother.Atonceitbecame23intheplane.

Soon,lightninglitupthedarkeningskies,andwithinmomentstheplanewaslikeaboatonwavesinthestorm.Onemomentitwas24upbythestorm;thenext,itwasthrownasifitwereto25ontotheground.Allthepassengerswere26.Somecried.Thefutureseemedhopeless.Iwonderedifwecould27itthroughthestorm.

ThenInoticedthelittlegirlnexttome.Surprisingly,thestormseemedtomean28toher.Shewascalm,lookingthroughapicturebook.Sometimessheclosedhereyes,thenshewould29again,butshenevershoweda(n)30ofworryorfear.Thelittlegirlwasn’tafraidatall31alltheadultswerescaredtodeath.Findingmewatchingher,thegirlsmiledatmeandsaid,“Don’tworry.Myfatheristhepilot.Heistakingmehome.Takeiteasy.Hewilltakeushomesafely.”

Whentheplanewasoutof32,Ismiledatthegirlandshegavemeabigsmileinreturn.“Isaidmyfatherwouldtakeushomesafely.”

Manykindsofstormsmay33us:diseases,difficulties...Theycaneasilydarkenourskiesand34ourplanesintohardtimes.Letus35:Loveisthepilot.Itwillhelpusoutoftrouble.Sotakeiteasy.

21.A.serve B.takeC.get D.sell答案A解析在飞机遇见气流时,飞机服务人员不会供应饮料和食物。这是飞行中的常识。故选A项。serve“供应”。22.A.excited BfortableC.happy D.nervous答案D解析当乘客听到播音中说有风暴时,通常都很惊慌,生怕出现平安问题。与下文的“alltheadultswerescaredtodeath”吻合。23.A.noisy B.quietC.warm D.cold答案A解析依据上文“talkingaboutitwitheachother”可知,当乘客听到有风暴来的时候,特别胆怯 相互沟通了起来,机舱里变得特别嘈杂。24.A.lifted B.cutC.turned D.shut答案A解析lift“举起”。一会儿飞机被风暴举起,一会儿又似乎被往地面上扔。本句叙述了飞机在风暴中的详细状况。故A项正确。25.A.jump B.flyC.land D.drop答案D解析本句中的“dropontotheground”与前半句中的“liftedup”构成对应关系,指飞机一会向上,一会向下,特别颠簸。故D项正确。26.A.surprised B.frightenedC.glad D.interested答案B解析frightened“胆怯 的”。依据下文中的“alltheadultswerescaredtodeath”可知,许多乘客特别胆怯 ,担忧出意外。故B项正确。27.A.make B.reachC.win D.finish答案A解析makeit“做到,胜利”。句意:我在想我们是否能够从这次的风暴中逃命。故A项正确。28.A.something B.anythingC.everything D.nothing答案D解析依据下文叙述可知,小女孩特别冷静,因为她信任她的爸爸会把她平安送回家。所以这场风暴对她来说什么也不是。meannothing符合上下文语境。故D项正确。29.A.talk B.readC.play D.sleep答案B解析依据上文“lookingthroughapicturebook”可知,她在读一本图画书。故B项正确。30.A.book B.storyC.expression D.impression答案C解析小女孩表现得很冷静,脸上一点担忧的表情都没有。expression“表情”。31.A.and B.whenC.so D.since答案B解析当全部的成年人都怕得要死的时候,她一点也不胆怯 。when“当……时”。32.A.order B.dateC.fashion D.danger答案D解析本句表示风暴已经过去了,飞机没有危急了。danger“危急”。33.A.trouble B.helpC.encourage D.stop答案A解析生活中的风暴——疾病和困难……或许会困扰我们,它们很简单就遮挡了天空,让我们的飞机进入危急时刻,但是爱能够战胜这一切。34.A.introduce B.inviteC.throw D.change答案C解析参见上题解析。o...“使……进入”。故C项正确。35.A.ask B.rememberC.explain D.wonder答案B解析remember“记得,记住”。虽然我们会遇到许多危急,但是请记住:爱是我们的飞行员,它能够带着我们走出逆境。故选B项。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsfarasIknow,theheavystormwasoneoftheworst36.(event)ofthecity.Ithitthewesternpartofthecitylastnight.Thewindspeedreachedeightykilometresperhour.Thestormcausedseriousdamage37.atleasttwohundredhomes.Agreatnumberoffamilies38.(be)lefthomelessaftertheroofsofthehouseswereblownaway.Scenesofthedisastercouldbeseeneverywhere,whichmadepeople39.(frighten).

InMainStreet,thecityparkwasfloodedcompletely.Manycars40.(destroy)completelybyfloodwater.Onecarownerwithoutfullinsuranceburstout41.(cry).Somecarswerecarriedacrosstheparkingareaanddumped(倾倒)intostorm-waterdrains.Inanotherblock,atreefellonabus42.wastakingsomefootballplayerstoagame.43.(luck),nooneinthebusgot44.(injure).

Itwas45.(please)thatthestormwasfinallyatanendafterdoingextremedamage.

答案36.events37.to38.were39.frightened40.weredestroyed41.crying42.that/which43.Luckily44.injured45.pleasing第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华,你校将组织学生参与羽毛球竞赛活动,请你为该活动写一份书面通知,内容包括:1.活动目的;2.活动时间及地点;3.报名方式。留意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细微环节,以使行文连贯。参考范文NoticeToraisestudents’awarenessofhealthandencouragestudentstotakeanactivepartinsports,ourschoolplanstoholdabadmintonmatch.ThematchwillbeheldonSept.21attheschoolgym.Ifyouareinterestedinplayingbadmintonandmeetthephysicalrequirementsofthematch,pleasesignupattheofficeoftheStudents’UnionbySept.18.Webelieveyou’llbenefitalotfromthisactivity.Lookingforwardtoyourjoining.TheStudents’Union其次节(满分25分)阅读下面短文,依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。ManyChinesestudentshavestudiedEnglishforabouttenyears,butmostofthemcannotevenspeakEnglishcorrectlyorfluently.Inmyopinion,thereareseveralobstaclesthathavecausedthistohappen.Themainobstacleisfear!