选择性必修第四册　Unit 4 Everyday economics

选择性必修第四册Unit4Everydayeconomics

英语大一轮复习目录/1.内容索引2.基础知识排查3.核心考点突破4.写作能力提升5.基础知识达标><PART01基础知识排查Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意forehead n.额，前额chairwoman n.女主席；女会长sunrise n.日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓bug n.突然的兴趣，迷恋input n.投入(物)phase n.阶段，时期manufacturer n.制造商；制造公司，制造厂cosmetics n.化妆品，美容品bonus n.奖金；红利entrepreneurial adj.创业的，具有创业精神的equator n.赤道estate n.庄园calorie n.卡(路里)freshman n.(高中或大学的)一年级学生afloat adj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的rational adj.(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的toddler n.学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩designerclothes 名牌服装thereby adv.因此，由此supervision n.监督；管理theft n.偷窃，偷盗purse n.(女式)钱包Ⅱ.重点单词——记形blank adj.无表情的，木然的potential n.(事物的)潜力，可能性obstacle n.障碍，阻碍，妨碍purchase v.购买superior adj.质量上乘的，优质的mild adj.不浓烈的，淡的subjective adj.主观的interfere v.介入；干涉exceed v.超过，超出hire v.(短期的)租用，租借expense n.费用，花费abuse n.滥用dizzy adj.头晕目眩的→dizzily

adv.眩晕地→dizziness

n.头昏眼花Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的→enterprise

n.企业；事业；进取心distribution

n.(商品的)分销，经销→distribute

vt.分销；分发→distributor

n.经销商；分销商guidance n.指导，引导→guide

v.指导；带领n.向导；导游consultant n.顾问→consult

v.咨询；商量；查阅conventional adj.传统的，常规的→convention

n.习俗；常规；惯例discriminate v.不公正地区别对待，歧视→discrimination

n.歧视financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→finance

n.财政；金融accumulate v.积累，积聚→accumulation

n.积累automatically adv.自动地→automatic

adj.自动的→automate

v.使自动化sorrow n.令人悲伤的事，不幸→sorrowful

adj.使人伤心的；悲伤的frustration n.懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustrate

vt.使沮丧→frustrated

adj.沮丧的→frustrating

adj.令人沮丧的12[拔高词汇]snatch/snætʃ/

vt.强夺；攫取；偷窃ample/'æmpl/

adj.充足的；丰裕的robbery/'rɒbəri/

n.抢劫；掠夺queue/kjuː/

n.(人、汽车等的)队、行列

vi.排队(等候)scheme/skiːm/

n.方案；体系；阴谋

vi.&vt.密谋；图谋weird/wɪəd/

adj.古怪的；不寻常的；怪诞的debut(alsodébut)/'deɪbjuː/

n.&vi.(演员、运动员的)

首次亮相；初次登台makeone’sdebut 首次亮相76refine/rɪ'faɪn/

vt.完善；改进；提炼adhere/əd'hɪə(r)/

vi.黏附；附着adhereto 遵循；信守trivial/'trɪviəl/

adj.琐碎的；微不足道的Ⅳ.背核心短语makeendsmeet 使收支仅能相抵interferewith 妨碍，阻止gointodebt 陷入债务之中，负债rentout 出租(房屋、房间、土地等)attheexpenseof 以损害……为代价asto 至于，关于56aworldawayfrom 与……相差甚远；完全不同rowuponrow 鳞次栉比bebittenbythe...bug 爱上……；对……迷恋responseto 对……的反应atrock-bottomprices 以最低价doafurtherfavour 再帮个忙1112Ⅴ.悟经典句式1Thoughshewelcomesthenewentrepreneurialspirit，sheadvisesthatpeopleberealisticandseekguidancefromexpertconsultantsbeforerushingintothings.[advisethatsb(should)do]尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现，但她也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。2Whatreallymattersisasoundbusinessplan，accesstocapital，andgoodmanagementandnegotiatingskills.(whatmattersis...)真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划，获得资金的渠道，以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。What’smore，sharingencouragesustoreuseitems，therebycuttingdownonwaste.(doing作结果状语)不仅如此，共享方式鼓励我们将物品再次利用，从而减少浪费。Butthesharingeconomyisnotwithoutitsproblems.(双重否定表示肯定)但共享经济并非没有问题。5Asisoftenthecaseallovertheworldwithnewareasofeconomicactivity，thesharingeconomyisdevelopingfasterthanexistingregulationsorongoingsupervision.(as引导定语从句)正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度过快，而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。6Itisexpandingatsucharatethatwecanonlyimaginewhatitwillcompriseinthefuture.(such...that...)它扩张的速度如此之快，以至于我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。Ⅰ.阅读单词1.chairwoman

n.________________2.phase

n.____________3.manufacturer

n._________________________4.bonus

n.____________5.entrepreneurial

adj.________________________6.Freshman n._________________________词汇默写女主席；女会长阶段，时期制造商；制造公司，制造厂奖金；红利创业的，具有创业精神的(高中或大学的)一年级学生7.afloat

adj.____________________________8.toddler

n.___________________________9.thereby

adv.___________10.supervision

n.___________词汇默写经济上周转得开的；不欠债的学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩因此，由此监督；管理Ⅱ.重点单词1.

n.(事物的)潜力，可能性2.

n.障碍，阻碍，妨碍3.

v.购买4.

adj.质量上乘的，优质的5.

adj.无表情的，木然的6.

v.介入；干涉potentialobstaclepurchasesuperiorblankinterfere7.

v.超过，超出8.

v.(短期的)租用，租借9.

n.费用，花费10.

n.滥用exceedhireexpenseabuseⅢ.拓展单词1.

adj.头晕目眩的→

adv.眩晕地→

n.头昏眼花2.

v.不公正地区别对待，歧视→

n.歧视dizzydizzilydizzinessdiscriminatediscrimination3.

n.懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→

vt.使沮丧→

adj.沮丧的→

adj.令人沮丧的frustrationfrustratefrustratedfrustrating4.

n.(商品的)分销，经销→

vt.分销；分发→

n.经销商；分销商5.

adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→

n.财政；金融distributiondistributedistributorfinancialfinanceⅣ.拔高词汇1.

adj.充足的；丰裕的2.

n.(人、汽车等的)队、行列vi.排队(等候)3.makeone’sdebut _________4.refine

vt.__________________5.trivial

adj.___________________amplequeue首次亮相完善；改进；提炼琐碎的；微不足道的Ⅴ.核心短语1.

至于，关于2.

对……的反应3.

再帮个忙4.

与……相差甚远；完全不同5.

鳞次栉比astoresponsetodoafurtherfavouraworldawayfromrowuponrowⅠ.词形变化填空1.Althoughherlifewasfullof

，peopleseldomsawher________

looks.(sorrow)2.Igotfirstprizewithmyteacher

me.Iwillworkharderinreturnforhispatient

.(guide)3.Peoplemustturntoexperienced

forhelpto

onsomeprofessionalproblems.(consult)语境运用sorrowssorrowfulguidingguidanceconsultantsconsult4.Eagertobreakawayfrom

，someteenagershatesolvingproblemswith

methods.(convention)5.Thepurposeofeducationnotonlyisthe

ofknowledge，butalsomeans

usefulskills.(accumulate)conventionsconventionalaccumulationaccumulatingⅡ.选词填空1.Hisbusiness

duetoitsweakmanagementlastyear.2.Iplannedto

thespareroomtogetsomeextramoney.3.Inmyopinion，itisnotappropriateto

others’privacy.makeendsmeet，interferewith，gointodebt，rentout，attheexpenseofwentintodebtrentoutinterferewith4.Atnotimeshouldwedevelopeconomy

theenvironment.5.Whenthecouplewerelaidoff，withnostableincome，theycouldhardly

.makeendsmeet，interferewith，gointodebt，rentout，attheexpenseofattheexpenseofmakeendsmeetⅢ.经典句型仿写1.我们的英语老师建议如果我们想学好英语，就应该多听、多说、多读、多写。(advisethat...)OurEnglishteacher____________________________________________

ifwewanttolearnEnglishwell.advisesthatwe(should)domorelistening，speaking，readingandwriting2.失败并不可怕，重要的是你必须勇敢尝试并克服困难。(whatmattersis...)Failureisnotfearfulbut________________________________________

.getoverdifficultieswhatmattersisthatyoumusttrybravelyand3.没有你的帮助，我不可能实现我的目标。(双重否定)Icould

.4.他们所做的一切向他人传播了温暖和爱，增加了世界的美丽。(doing作结果状语)Whattheydidspreadwarmthandlovetoothers，__________________

.addingtothebeautyoftheworldneverachievemygoalwithoutyourhelp5.这是如此激动人心的一次活动，以至于我们都玩得非常愉快。(such...that...)______________________________________________________________Itwassuchanexcitingactivitythatweallenjoyedourselvesverymuch.Mary，chairwomanofacosmeticsmanufacturer，is1._____

enterprisingandentrepreneurialperson.Theotherday，shesuddenlyfeltdizzyduringameeting，felltotheground，andgotabumponherforehead,2.

(make)hercolleaguesgoblank.Sinceherbeinghiredbythecompany，thecompanyhasgrown3.

(rapid).Underherguidance，thecompanyhasabandonedtheconventionalproductionprocess，adoptedinternationalrationalcutting-edgetechnology，andproducedsuperiorcosmetics,4.

distributionisallovertheworld.anmakingrapidlywhoseMoreandmorepeoplehavepurchasedhercosmetics.Thecompany’sfinancialsituationcontinuestoimprove，andworkers’wagesandbonusesarealsorising.Shehasalsoreformedtheemploymentmechanism，refused5.

(discriminate)againstothers，put6._________(competence)peopleintheleadingpositions，and7.

(win)thesupportandloveofthestaff.Duringthemostdifficultphase，todiscriminatecompetentwonsheovercamemany8.

(obstacle).Everydayshegotupbeforesunriseandsheworkedhard9.

theexpenseofherphysicalhealthandherhealthwasputinpotentialdanger.Thereby，fromthatdayon，shedecidedtocare10.

(much)aboutherself.obstaclesatmore返回><提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇PART01核心考点突破n.引导；指导[guiden.指南；指导的事物；导游，向导vt.给某人领路；指引；指导，影响(某人的行为)；(向某人)解释，阐明]·undertheguidanceofsb＝undersb’sguidance在某人的指导下·guidesbto...领某人去……(to为介词)1guidance(1)Heguidedthechairwoman

thehalltoattendthegreatwedding.to(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)在老师的指导下，我的文章得到了所有评委的认可，我冲到老师办公室表示衷心的感谢。____________________________________________________________

，IhadmyarticlerecognisedbyallthejudgesandIrushedtotheteachers’officetooffermyheartfeltgratitude.Undertheguidanceofmyteacher/Undermyteacher’sguidance/Guidedbymyteacher/Withmyteacherguidingmen.顾问(consultv.咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参看)consultant2consultsbabout/onsth向某人咨询/请教某事consultwithsbabout/onsth就某事与某人商量(1)(应用文写作之建议信)为什么不向你的学校顾问咨询你遇到的困难呢？Whynot

youcomeacross?(2)你最好不要每次遇到生词就查字典。You’dbetternot

everytimeyoucomeacrossanewword.consultyourschoolconsultantabout/onthedifficultiesconsultadictionary(3)我写信是想和你商量一下我们周末的约会。I’mwritingto

scheduledfortheweekend.用法点拨(1)consult作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，多用作及物动词；作“商量”解时，多用作不及物动词，后跟withsb，意为“和某人商量”。(2)关于“查字典”的表达有consultadictionary，refertoadictionary，lookup...inadictionary等。consultwithyouabout/onourappointmentn.费用，花费；花销，开支3expense(1)Thisprinteryoupurchasedyesterdayisofgoodquality.Ifitshouldbreakdownwithinthefirstyear，wewouldrepairit

ourexpense.cutdownonone’sexpenses节省开支coverone’sdailyexpenses支付某人的日常开支atone’sexpense由某人付费/负担费用attheexpenseof以损害……为代价at(2)Ifhedidn’tcutdownonhis

(expense)，hewouldnotmakeendsmeet.(3)(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)即使我的父母以牺牲自己的健康为代价工作，他们也难以负担我们的日常开支。于是，我冲回家去，愿意把我挣的钱交上去。Evenifmyparentsworked

，theyhadtrouble

.Hence，Idashedtomyhome，willingtohandinwhatIhadearned.expensesattheexpenseoftheirownhealthcoveringourdailyexpenses使收支仅能相抵cometoanend结束put/bringanendto结束……endupwith...以……结束/告终endupdoingsth最终做了某事endupas...最后成为……4makeendsmeet(1)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)虽然他们制作爆米花的尝试以失败告终，但他们并没有感到沮丧，相反，他们会想出好主意，这样他们最终会赚到一些额外的钱。Althoughtheirattempttomakepopcorn

，theydidn’tfeeldepressedandinstead，theywouldcomeupwithgoodideassothattheywould

.endedupwithfailureendupearningsomeextramoney(2)我发现在这样一个大城市很难维持生计，我觉得好像世界末日到了。我几乎想结束我的职业生涯，但是经理的鼓励使我坚持了下来。Ifounditdifficultto

andIfeltasiftheworld

.Ialmosthadtheintentionof

butmymanager’sencouragingwordsenabledmetoinsist.makeendsmeetinsuchabigcityhadcometoanendputting/bringinganendtomycareerfall/get/runintodebt借债；负债payoffone’sdebts还清债务bein/outofdebt欠/不欠债oweadebtofgratitudetosb欠某人的情5gointodebt陷入债务之中，负债(1)I’mheavily

debtatthemoment，buthopetobe

ofdebtwhenIgetpaid.inout(2)Ioweadebtofgratitude

myfather，whohasalwayssupportedme.(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)人们开始关注这个卖爆米花的小男孩。每周他都有至少50分的收入带回家，通常比这更多。很快他家还清了所有的欠款。Peoplebegantopayattentiontothelittlepopcornboy，andeveryweekhehadatleastfiftycentstotakehome，andoftenmore.Soon，hisfamily

.topaidofftheirdebts6as引导定语从句Asisoftenthecaseallovertheworldwithnewareasofeconomicactivity，thesharingeconomyisdevelopingfasterthanexistingregulationsorongoingsupervision.正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度过快，而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。as引导非限制性定语从句时常见的结构有：asisoftenthecase情况常常如此asisknowntousall/asweallknow众所周知asissaidabove如上所述asoftenhappens这种情况常常发生asyoucansee正如你所看到的ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述(1)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)我们能够从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。

，wecanprobablyfindsolutionstosomeproblemsfromhistory.Asisoftenthecase(2)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)众所周知，实施切实可行的措施对海洋保护有重大作用。①

，performingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)②

isthatperformingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.(what引导的主语从句)③

performingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.(it作形式主语)Asisknowntousall/AsweallknowWhatisknowntousallItisknowntousallthat(3)(2022·天津6月，书面表达)正如你在短视频中所看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员不仅可以担当外国游客的导游，而且他们还可以参加全国英语演讲比赛。

intheshortvideo，notonlycanmembersoftheSpokenEnglishClubserveastouristguidesforforeigntouristsbuttheycanalsoengageintheNationalEnglishSpeechContest.Asyoucansee(4)正如所报道的，越来越多的青少年转向在线学习，在线学习既可以使他们接触最新的知识又可以节省时间。Moreandmoreteenagersturntoonlinelearning，

，whichcansavetimeaswellasenablethemtobeexposedtothelatestknowledge.用法点拨(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时是关系代词，用来指代整个句子的内容，有“正如”之意，常放于主句之前，有时也可放在主句之后或主句之中。(2)which也可以引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个句子的内容，但它只能放在主句后，表示前面这句话带来的某种结果。asisreported返回提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇><PART02基础知识达标Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1.blank(1)Ifyoucan’tanswerthequestion，leaveablank.

(2)(2022·新课标Ⅱ)Asaresult，thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大块)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.

(3)IhadafewblankfacesandblankeyeswhenIwasdeliveringaspeech.

A.n.空白处，空格B.adj.无表情的，木然的C.adj.空白的______________ABC2.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思(1)Thekingofthekingdomcan’tacceptevenmildcriticismofhiswork.(2)Whenherdealisdone，theclientemergeswithherpurchase.___________________轻微的购买的东西Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1.Itmightbehardtomake

(end)meetifyouspendenormousamountofmoneyoncosmeticsespeciallywhenyoursalaryisnothigh.2.

wasexpected，thegeniusstoodoutthankstohisintelligence，hardworkandperseverance.3.Thehistorianknowshowtogiveproper

(guide)tostudentsinhisteaching，contributingalottotheirimprovement.endsAsguidance4.As

howtostrengthencooperationamongtheemployees，hedidn’tgiveanyexplanation.5.Ihavesomedoubtwhetherthe

(consult)cangivemerationalsuggestions.6.Tobehonest，Iowedadebtofgratitude

thescholarofmyinstitutebecauseitwasbecauseofhishelpthatImadegreatprogress.7.Accordingtoourpresentperformance，wehavethepotential________(climb)tothepeakofthemountain.toconsultanttotoclimb8.What’syourresponse

thestratagemswetalkedaboutjustnow?9.Priortocominghere，alltheclothesandblankets_____________

(distribute)totheearthquakevictims.10.Mybestfriendwaschosentointroducetheancientmuraltoforeignersbecauseshewasfarsuperior

anyothercandidates.tohadbeendistributed/weredistributed返回to><PART03写作能力提升假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Lucy对于中国的无现金支付(cashlesspayment)非常感兴趣，请你回信告知以下内容：1.你在日常生活中使用无现金支付的情况；2.无现金支付带来的好处；3.你的看法。无现金支付完成句子1.在上封信中，你向我咨询了中国的无现金支付，我愿意告诉你一些相关的事情。(consult)_____________________________________________________________2.如今，约86%的中国人通过移动支付支付日常花销，无论是支付日常账单、长途旅行或短途旅行，还是去杂货店购物。(coverone’sdailyexpenses；whether...or...)_____________________________________________________________3.众所周知，用智能手机支付账单节省了人们的时间。(as引导的定语从句)_____________________________________________________________4.在过去，人们有时最后会得到假现金，但现在他们不必为此担心。(endupdoing)_____________________________________________________________5.在我看来，当你用智能手机或信用卡付款时，你一定要确保你在截止日期内还清你的债务，否则你会陷入困境。(payoffone’sdebts；whendoing)_____________________________________________________________完成句子把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________组句成篇DearLucy，Inthelastletter，youconsultedmeaboutcashlesspaymentinChinaandIamwillingtoinformyouofsomethingrelevant.Nowadaysabouteighty-sixpercentofChinesepeoplecovertheirdailyexpensesbymobilepayment，whethertheypaydailybills，travellongorshortdistancesorgogroceryshopping.Asisknowntousall，参考范文itsavespeople’stimetopaybillswithasmartphone.Inthepastsometimespeopleendedupgettingfakecash，butatpresenttheydon’thavetoworryaboutit.Inmyopinion，whenpayingwithyoursmartphoneorcreditcard，youdomakesurethatyoupayoffyourdebtswithinthedeadline，otherwiseyouwouldbecaughtintrouble.参考范文Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]

blank；dizzy；sorrow；frustration[品质描写]

enterprising；entrepreneurial美句Asshespoke，ZhangYueputherhandsbehindherbacktohidethattheywereshaking.Shecouldn’t，however，hidethelineofsweatrunningdownherforehead，whic