群文读与练11- 高三英语一轮复习

1Morethan50percentoflargelakesintheworldarelosingwater,accordingtoagroundbreakingnewassessmentpublishedinScience.Themaincausesarewarmingclimateandunsustainablehumanconsumption.2LeadauthorFangfangYao,aclimatefellowattheUniversityofVirginia,saidthisisthefirstcomprehensiveassessmentoftrendsanddriversofgloballakewaterstoragevariabilitybasedonanarray(一系列)ofsatellitesandmodels.3Theteamused250,000lake-areapicturescapturedbysatellitesbetween1992and2020tosurveytheareaof1,972ofEarth'slargelakes.Theycollectedwaterlevelsfromninesatellitealtimetersandusedlong-termwaterlevelstoreduceanyuncertainty.Forlakeswithoutalong-termlevelrecord,theyusedrecentwatermeasurementsmadebynewerinstrumentsonsatellites.Combiningcurrentlevelmeasurementswithlonger-termareameasurementsallowedscientiststounderstandthechangesinlakelevelsoverdecades.4Theresultswerestriking:53percentoflakesgloballyexperiencedadeclineinwaterstorage.Yaoandhiscolleaguesalsoassessedstoragetrendsinreservoirs(水库).Theyfoundthatnearlytwo-thirdsofEarth'slargereservoirsexperiencedsignificantwaterlosses.“Sedimentation(沉积作用)dominatedtheglobalstoragedeclineinexistingreservoirs,”saidBenLivneh,alsoaco-author,CIRESfellow,andassociateprofessorofengineeringatCUBoulder.Inlong-establishedreservoirs—thosethatwerefilledbefore1992—sedimentationwasmoreimportantthandroughtsandheavyrainfallyears.5Globally,freshwaterlakesandreservoirsstore87percentoftheplanet'sfreshwater,makingthemavaluableresourceforbothhumansandecosystems.Unlikerivers,lakesarenotwellmonitored,yettheyprovidewaterforalargepartofhumanity—evenmorethanrivers.Itisestimatedthatroughlyone-quarteroftheworld'spopulation,2billionpeople,livesinthebasinofadryinglake,whichindicatesanurgentneedtoincorporatehumanconsumption,climatechange,andsedimentationimpactsintosustainablewaterresourcesmanagement.ReadingCheck1.Whatproblemdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Severewatershortageofglobalbiglakes.B.Anincreaseinthewasteofwaterresources.C.Humanactivities'damagingeffectsonlakes.D.TheimportanceoflakestoEarthecosystems.2.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheintroductiontoEarth'sbiglakes.B.Thedifficultiesofmeasuringwaterlevels.C.Theprocessofscientistsconductingtheresearch.D.Theadvantagesofapplyingsatellitestocollectingdata.3.Whatisthemaincauseofthestoragedeclineinreservoirs?A.Sedimentation.B.Frequentrainfall.C.Long-termdroughts.D.Excessiveuseofwater.A.Limitingthedevelopmentoflakeresources.B.Takingurgentactiontocontrolhumanconsumption.C.Solvingthewaterproblemofpeoplearounddryinglakes.D.Improvingthemanagementofsustainablewaterresources.LanguageStudyⅠ.DifficultsentenceinthetextItisestimatedthatroughlyone-quarteroftheworld'spopulation,2billionpeople,livesinthebasinofadryinglake,whichindicatesanurgentneedtoincorporatehumanconsumption,climatechange,andsedimentationimpactsintosustainablewaterresourcesmanagement.据估计，大约四分之一的世界人口，即约20亿人生活在干燥的湖泊流域，这表明迫切需要将人类消耗、气候变化和沉积的影响纳入可持续的水资源管理。【点石成金】句中的that引导的是一个主语从句，it作形式主语；which引导的是定语从句，且在从句中作主语。Ⅱ.Fillintheblankswiththewordsandphraseintheboxinproperforms.morethanassessmentvariabilitycombiningmeasurement1.Decisionscouldbemadeonthebasisofprice,deliverydates,after-salesserviceoranyother________.2.In1986,________threemillionwerereceivingunemploymentbenefitinAmerica.3.Upuntilthatpoint,Leahhadfollowedtraditional________ofsuccess.4.The________ofhotweatheranddecreasedwatersuppliesishurtingmanyindustries.5.Officialsarrivedto________whetheritwassafetobringemergencyfoodsuppliesintothecity.洞穴深处的救援1RescuerspulledanAmericanresearcheroutofaTurkishcaveearlyTuesday,morethanaweekafterhebecameseriouslyill1000metersbelowitsentrance,officialssaid.2TeamsfromacrossEuropehadrushedtotheMorcacaveinsouthernTürkiye'sTaurusMountainstoaidMarkDickey,a40-year-oldexperiencedcaverwhobecameseriouslyillwithstomachbleeding.3Dickey,whoisfromCroton-on-Hudson,NewYork,isawell-knowncaveresearcherandacaverescuerhimselfwhohadparticipatedinmanyinternationalexpeditions.Heandseveralotherpeoplewereonanexpeditiontomapthe1276-meterdeepMorcacavesystem.4DickeybecameillonSept.2,butdidn'tnotifypeopleabovegrounduntilthenextmorning.HewasfirsttreatedinsidethecavebyaHungariandoctorwhowentdownthecaveonSept.3.Teamscomprisedofadoctorandthreetofourotherrescuerstookturnscaringforhim.Thecauseofhisillnesswasnotclear.5TherescuebeganonSaturdayafterdoctors,whoadministeredIVfluidsandblood,determinedthatDickeycouldmakethedifficultascent.Hewastoofrailtoclimbouthimself,sorescuerscarriedhimwiththehelpofastretcher(担架),makingfrequentstopsattemporarycampssetupalongthewaybeforehefinallyreachedthesurfaceearlyTuesday.6ThebiggestchallengesfortherescuersgettingDickeyoutofthecavewerethesteepverticalsectionsandnavigatingthroughmudandwateratlowtemperaturesinthehorizontalsections.Beforetheevacuation(撤离)couldbegin,rescuersfirsthadtowidensomeofthecave'snarrowpassages,installropestopullhimupthroughverticalshaftsonastretcherandsetuptemporarycampsalongtheway.7Lyingonthestretcher,Dickeysaiditwasamazingtobeabovegroundagain,andthankedtheTurkishgovernmentforsavinghislifewithitsrapidresponse.HealsothankedtheinternationalcavingcommunityandTurkishcavers,amongothers.ReadingCheck1.WhydidteamsfromacrossEuroperushtotheMorcacave?A.TohelpDickeyclimboutofacave.B.ToaidDickeytoexplorethecave.C.TocureDickeyofstomachbleeding.D.TorescueDickey.2.HowdidtherescuerssaveMarkDickeyfromthecave?A.Theycarriedhimonastretcher.B.Theyinstalledropestopullhimup.C.Theyclimbedwithhimontheirbacks.D.Theyguidedhimthroughnarrowpassages.3.Howmanydaysdidthisrescuetake?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.4.WhatwasoneofthebiggestchallengefortherescuersgettingDickeyoutofthecave?A.Settinguptemporarycampsalongtheway.B.Thesteepverticalsectionsofthecave.C.Wideningsomeofthecave'snarrowpassages.D.Toomuchmudandwaterinthecave.LanguageStudyⅠ.DifficultsentenceinthetextTherescuebeganonSaturdayafterdoctors,whoadministeredIVfluidsandblood,determinedthatDickeycouldmakethedifficultascent.在医生们为迪基输液和输血，确定他可以完成艰难的攀登后，救援工作于周六开始。【点石成金】句中的who引导的是一个定语从句，who在从句中作主语，先行词为doctors；句中的that引导的是一个宾语从句。Ⅱ.Fillintheblankswiththewordsandphrasesintheboxinproperforms.1.Therealityofmotheringis________verydifferentfromtheromanticideal.2.Toexplainthedifferencebriefly,theaccountant________abookkeepingsystem.3.Althoughherillnessis________,herconditionisbeginningtostabilize.4.Thestranger'squestionsurprisedmesothatI________lostmytongue.5.Hislonglife________aseriesofevolution.1Inasmallvillageschool,therewasateachernamedMrJennings,whopossessedauniquetalentfornon-verbalcommunication.Hebelievedthatwordsalonewerenotsufficienttotrulyconnectwithandeducatehisstudents.Instead,hereliedonexpressivegestures,facialexpressions,andbodylanguagetoconveyhismessages.2Oneday,anewstudentnamedEmilyjoinedMrJennings'class.Emilywasashyandreservedgirlwhohadrecentlymovedtothevillage.Shestruggledtofitinandcommunicatewithherclassmates.Sensingherunease,MrJenningsdecidedtoexplorethepowerofnon-verbalcommunicationinreachingouttoher.3Duringclassactivities,MrJenningswoulduseanimatedfacialexpressionsandhandgesturestoexplainconcepts.HewouldmakeeyecontactwithEmily,reassuringherthatheunderstoodherdifficulty.Withoutsayingaword,hewouldnodorsmile,encouraginghertoparticipate.Throughthesegestures,hecreatedasafeandinclusiveenvironmentforEmilytoexpressherself.4Outsideoftheclassroom,MrJenningsintroducedcreativemethodstoenhancecommunicationamonghisstudents.Heorganizedrole-playingexercises,whereeachstudentwouldneedtoconveyamessagesolelythroughbodylanguage.Thisactivityallowedthemtoappreciatetheimportanceofnon-verbalcuesandincreasedtheirunderstandingofeffectivecommunication.5Overtime,Emilybegantoopenupandactivelyparticipateinclass.Thenon-verbalsupportandencouragementshereceivedfromMrJenningsandherpeersplayedacrucialroleinboostingherconfidence.Hergradesimproved,andsheformedstrongfriendshipswithintheclass.6MrJennings'approachtoeducationrevolutionizedthewayhisstudentslearnedandinteractedwithoneanother.Byincorporatingnon-verbalcommunicationintohisteachingmethods,henurturedempathy,understanding,andinclusiveness.Thestudentsdevelopedaheightenedawarenessofbodylanguageandtheimpactitcanhaveoneffectivecommunication.7Throughhisunconventionalteachingstyle,MrJenningstaughthisstudentsavaluablelessonbeyondthecurriculum—thepowerofnon-verbalcommunication.Heshowedthemthatunderstandingandempathizingwithothersisnotonlylimitedtowordsalone,butalsotheunspokenmessagesconveyedthroughgesturesandexpressions.ReadingCheck1.WhatwasMrJennings'uniquetalentinteaching?A.Usingaspecialteachingstyle.B.Enhancingcommunicationskills.C.Organizingrole-playingexercises.D.Incorporatingnon-verbalcommunication.2.WhatdidMrJenningsdooutsideoftheclassroomtohelpEmily?A.Heusedfacialexpressions.B.Heencouragedhertoparticipate.C.Hefocusedoncreativemethods.D.Heintroducedrole-playingexerc