专题15 非谓语动词 (解析版)

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略专题15非谓语动词知识网络非谓语动词的用法一作主语不定式特指的、具体某次或未来动作：Toignorethiswouldbeamistake.动名词泛指的或抽象的行为Reportingthenewsistheirjob.Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook.二作表语1)不定式说明主语内容，具体、特定、未来：Myjobistopromotethenewproduct.2)动名词说明主语内容，一般或习惯：Hisjobiscollectingfolksongs.3)现在分词说明主语的特征，令人……的：Thespystorywasthrilling.4)过去分词说明主语的感受或状态，感到……的：Hewasthrilledatthesuggestion.三作宾语1)作介词宾语一般用动名词：Dailypracticeisthetrickinlearningaforeignlanguage.2)含介词的句型prevent/stopsb(from)doingsth阻止某人做某事waste/spend...(in)doingsth浪费/花费……做某事havesomedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth做某事有困难thereisnosense(in)doingsth做某事是没有意义的3)but,except(除……外)后用不定式:HedidnothingbutwatchTV.(不do无to)IhadnochoicebuttowatchTV.4)只接不定式的词：want,hope,desire,long,expect,beg,apply,hesitate,refuse,decide,aim,choose,afford,offer,pretend,determine,manage,guarantee,attempt,seek,plan,intend,mean,promise,undertake,agree,fail,prepare,arrange,happen5)只接动名词的词：suggest,advise,enjoy,avoid,imagine,admit,practise,escape,allow,permit,consider,miss,understand,finish,dislike,mind,include,risk,forbid,prevent,discuss,appreciate,forgive,pardon,excuse,keep(on),can’tstand,advocate6)接todo和doing意义有别：remember,forget,regret,try,mean,stop,goon,can’thelp7)to是介词的词组：beusedto,beaccustomedto,beaddictedto,bedevotedto,beopposedto,beequalto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,feelupto,getdownto,applyoneselfto,contributeto,leadto,referto,adaptto,adjustto,objectto,turnto,respondto四作定语1)不定式发生在谓语后：Ihaveseveralletterstowritetoday.2)动名词在名词前说明其用途：awashingmachine=amachineforwashing3)现在分词表主动、进行：Theboystanding(=whoisstanding)thereismybrother.4)过去分词表被动、完成：Thatisanabandonedcar(=acarwhichwasabandoned).五作状语1.不定式1)表目的：Welearnalanguageinordertocommunicate.too...to/enoughto：Heisoldenoughtoknowrightfromwrong.2)表结果：too...to/enoughto：Heisoldenoughtoknowrightfromwrong.表令人不快之结果：Ihurriedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.3)形容词后Sheiseagertosucceed.2.现在分词表主动的：Thesunwasstrikingonthesea,makingitshine.(自然结果)Hesatinthechair,readinganewspaper.(伴随)3.过去分词表被动的：ThePresidentarrived,followedbyhispersonalbodyguard.六作补语作补语：Theteacherencouragedthechildrentobehavewell.1)表主动、全过程、经常：IheardKatesingthesong.2)现在分词表主动、正在进行：IheardKatesingingthesongjustnow.3)过去分词表被动、完成：IheardthesongsungbyKate.七have+宾语+不定式/补语/现在分词不定式：Withmuchhomeworktodo,Ican’tgotoplayfootballwithyou.现在分词：Withtimegoingby,Igraduallyrealizetheimportanceofhealth.过去分词：Withalltheworkdone,Icangohome.八have+宾语1)定语：Ihaveanarticletowrite.2)原形：Hehadmeplantatreethere.(命令或安排)过去分词Ihadmymobilephonerepaired.(请人做)Ihadmylegbroken.(不幸遭遇)3)现在分词：Shehadheraudiencelisteningattentively.九连词+现在分词/过去分词现在分词(主动)：Becarefulwhile(youare)crossingtheroad.过去分词(被动)：When(hewas)askedwhyhecamehere,theboykeptsilent.考点考法1.不定式1)作主语：Ittookyearsofwork__________(reduce)theindustrialpollution…（答案为toreduce）2)作宾语：...butherefused________(stop).（答案为tostop）3)作补语：...heallowedme________(stay)andwatch.（答案为tostay）4)作状语：a.表目的：Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong_______(see)thebenefit.（答案为tosee）b.形容词后：...you’llbelesslikely________(bring)yourworkhome.（答案为tobring）...thewallsarenowcoldenough________(cool)thehouse…（答案为tocool）2.动名词

作主语：________(have)teainthelateafternoonprovidesabridge...（答案为Having）作宾语：a.动词宾语...duckingmyheadtoavoid________(look)directly...（答案为looking）b.介词宾语...stillreduceyourriskof_____(die)early...（答案为dying）3.现在分词（表主动）1)作定语：...arrangesquickgetawaysforpeople______(live)inShanghai.（答案为living）2)作表语(令人……的)：Nicktoldmeastory,whichwasvery____________(interest).（答案为interesting）3)作伴随状语：Peoplecookedtheirfood,______(use)twigs

toremoveit.（答案为using）4)连词+现在分词：China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile________(feed)itscitizens

offersusefullessons...

（答案为feeding）4.过去分词（表被动）1)作定语Astudyoftravelers__________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisor...（答案为conducted）2)作表语(感到……的)...hedoesn’tfeel___________(challenge).（答案为challenged）3)连词+过去分词When_______(ask)whyhecamehere,theboykeptsilent.（答案为asked）真题回顾语法填空在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2023年全国Ⅱ卷)Asalittlegirl,I___65___(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.[解析]句意:作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后能成为一名动物园管理员。根据前面的时间状语Asalittlegirl可知,希望长大后能成为一名动物园管理员是过去的动作，故填wished。2.(2023年全国乙卷)Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I____67____(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.[解析]句意:在过去的十年里，我参观了几次，我对新旧共存和一个城市如何在不断发展的同时能够保留着这么丰富的遗产感到惊讶。.beamazedby----对-------感到惊讶，故填wasamazed。3.(2023年全国乙卷)Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,_____70_____(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.[解析]分析句子成分可知，设空处为主句的谓语，主语为Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity，是第三人称单数，因此设空处应用一般现在时的单数形式，故填means。4.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)___________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.[解析]因句中已有谓语willbe，故cover应作为非谓语动词，又因cover和其逻辑主语theGPNP为主动关系，应用v.-ing形式作状语，首字母大写，故填Covering。5.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareas,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority_____________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.[解析]句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量区域，将众多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理混乱。设空处在句中作非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用动词的不定式，故填toincrease。6.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷)Henryranonehundredmeters,jumpedovera1.2-meterfence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe________(fall)child.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词holdout，fall应作为非谓语动词，又因child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义，故用现在分词作定语，故填falling。7.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷)Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony(阳台),andclimbedup________(see)them.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词climbup，see应作为非谓语动词。根据句意可知，他爬到阳台是为了看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故用不定式作目的状语，故填tosee。8.(2022年全国甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep____________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.[解析]因step为抽象名词且前面有序数词修饰，故用不定式作后置定语，故填tojourney。9.(2022年全国甲卷)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation______(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词decided，故hold应作为非谓语动词，又因hold与InternationalCooperation之间在逻辑上为动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填held。10.(2022年全国乙卷)Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___________(share)futureformankind.[解析]因future和非谓语动词share之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，表示“共享的”，故填shared。11.(2022年全国乙卷)_______________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia.[解析]结合句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需用不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Tostrengthen。12.(2021全国甲卷)Itispossible________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.[解析]因itispossibletodosth为固定搭配，意为“做某事是可能的”，故填towalk。13.(2021全国甲卷)After__________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeaction…[解析]在介词after后用动词-ing形式，故填spending。14.(2021全国乙卷)It(Ecotourism)isdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome___________(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics…[解析]在系动词become后应用形容词作表语，表示“受过……教育(或训练)的”，故填educated。15.(2021全国乙卷)Minimizetheimpactof________(visit)theplace.[解析]在介词后应用动词-ing形式，故填visiting。16.(2021全国乙卷)Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim_________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.[解析]因aimtodosth为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”，故填tohave。17.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour_____________(ache)legs.[解析]修饰名词legs作定语，用aching或achy，表示“疼痛的”，故填aching或achy。18.(2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,___________(think)itisfood.[解析]分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中已有谓语eat，故think应作为非谓语动词，又因think与其逻辑主语seaanimals之间为主动关系，故用动词-ing形式，故填thinking。19.(2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Idecidedtodosomething___________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.[解析]句中已有谓语decided，故educate应作为非谓语动词；表示目的，用动词不定式toeducate，故填toeducate。20.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4________(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.[解析]作目的状语，应用不定式，usesthtodo意为“使用某物做……”，故填tofind。21.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)Theyrepresenttheearth________(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.[解析]句中已有谓语represent，故come应为非谓语动词；此处为动名词的复合结构与bestwishes并列作represent的宾语，其逻辑主语为theearth，应用主动形式，故填coming。22.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes___________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.[解析]此处为“see+宾语+宾补”结构，decorate与其逻辑主语them之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填decorated。23.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)Theyareeasy________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.此处为“主语+be+adj.+todo”结构，用动词不定式表被动，故填tocare。24.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout________(find)thewell-knownpainter.[解析]作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填tofind。25.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds_____________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.[解析]因clouds和surround之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填surrounding。26.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor________(walk)througharainforest.[解析]因or为并列连词，连接livingatadifferenttimeinhistory与(walk)througharainforest，共同作imagine的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填walking。27.(2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Thesedays,itisnotunusualfor10-to12-year-oldstopublishtheirownwebsitesorforsecondandthirdgraders_________(begin)computerclasses.[解析]因Itis+adj.+forsbtodosth是固定搭配，故填tobegin。28.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive____________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.[解析]因句中已有谓语areexpensive(系动词加表语构成谓语),动词perform应为非谓语动词;在形容词后作状语,只能用动词不定式,故填toperform。29.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Scientistshaverespondedby_______(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.[解析]在介词后用动名词，故填noting。30.(2019全国Ⅱ卷)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for______(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.[解析]介词for后应接动名词作宾语，故填being。31.(2019全国Ⅱ卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans__________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.[解析]名词plan后接不定式作后置定语,表示“……的计划”，故填toretire。32.(2019全国Ⅱ卷)Whenwegotacall_______(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.[解析]因call与say是主动关系，故此处应用现在分词saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，故填saying。33.(2019全国Ⅲ卷)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake________(get)there.[解析]此处为“ittakes/took+时间+todosth”固定句型，表示“花费时间做某事”。其中，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填toget。34.(2019全国Ⅲ卷)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarm,_________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.[解析]句中已有谓语invited,故listen应作为非谓语动词;又由we与listen在逻辑上存在着主动关系,故用现在分词形式作状语，故填listening。35.(2018全国Ⅰ卷)Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong_______(see)thebenefit.[解析]句中已有谓语run，故see应为非谓语动词；表示目的，用动词不定式tosee，故填tosee。36.(2018全国Ⅰ卷)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof_______(die)earlybyrunning.[解析]在介词后用动名词。顺便提提，虽然也可用名词death作宾语，但有副词early修饰，所以只能用动名词dying。37.(2018全国Ⅱ卷)China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile_________(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide”,saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.[解析]因feed与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，故用其动词ing形式，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构，故填feeding。38.(2018全国Ⅲ卷)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid_________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeelchallenged.[解析]由于avoid后习惯上用动名词作宾语，即avoiddoingsth，意为“避免做某事”，故填looking。39.(2018全国Ⅲ卷)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme________(stay)andwatch.[解析]因allowsbtodosth为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故填tostay。40.(2017全国Ⅰ卷)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired_______________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.[解析]由requiresbtodosth可知，用不定式作主补，故填toprocess。41.(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,_______(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroof…[解析]与前面的digging及后面的andthenbuilding为并列关系，一起作included的宾语；根据“并列一致”可知，也应用-ing形式，故填laying(铺)。考情分析考情：从最近几年来看，非谓语动词在语法填空中是必考点，每年1~3道，考点集中在以下方面：1.不定式1)不定式作补语。如allowsbtodosth,requiresbtodosth,invitesbtodosth等。2)只能接不定式作宾语的动词。如aimtodosth,wanttodosth,refusetodosth等。3)不定式作目的状语。（见2022年新高考Ⅰ卷、2022年新高考Ⅱ卷、2022年全国乙卷、2021年新高考Ⅱ卷、2020年全国Ⅱ卷、2018年全国Ⅰ卷和2018年全国Ⅱ卷）不定式作后置定语。（见2022年全国甲卷、2019年全国Ⅱ卷）5)固定搭配中的不定式。如itispossibletodosth、beeagertodosth,ittakessbsometimetodosth,belikelytodosth,beadj.enoughtodosth等。2.动名词1)动名词作主语。2)动名词作介词宾语。这是到目前为止，考频最高的，在六年各卷中考了8次。3)只能接动名词作宾语的动词。如avoid,include,keep等。4)固定句型中的动名词。如spend…doingsth等。3.现在分词1)现在分词作定语。（见2022年新高考Ⅱ卷、2021年新高考Ⅰ卷和2019年全国Ⅱ卷）2)现在分词作状语。（见2022年新高考Ⅰ卷、2021年新高考Ⅱ卷和2019年全国Ⅲ卷）4.过去分词1)过去分词作表语。(见2021年全国Ⅱ卷)2)过去分词作宾补。(见2020全国Ⅱ卷)3)过去分词作定语。(见2022年全国甲卷、2022年全国乙卷和2020年全国Ⅰ卷)5.有特殊要求的动词或短语动词(1)有的动词后只能用不定式而不能接动名词作宾语。如ask,demand,plan,intend,mean(计划),manage,do/tryone’sbest,makeanattempt,learn,wish,hope,desire,expect,long,want,wouldlike,shouldlike,wouldprefer(希望；愿意),agree,promise(同意),decide,determine,choose,makeadecision,makeupone’smind,offer(主动提出),apply,help,fail(不能；没有),prepare,pretend,refuse,happen(碰巧),afford(负担得起)等。(2)有的动词或短语动词后只能用动名词而不能接不定式。如allow,permit,consider,suggest,advise,keep(on)(反复;不停),finish,imagine,practice,understand,appreciate,enjoy(喜欢),miss(错过;怀念),prevent,forbid,escape(避免),include,forgive,pardon,excuse(原谅),dislike(厌恶),discuss,report(报道),admit,mind(介意),risk,can’tstand,burstout,feellike,insiston,delay,putoff(推迟),giveup,bebusy,beworth等。(3)下列动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：remembertodo(记住去做)，rememberdoing(记得做过)；forgettodo(忘记去做)，forgetdoing(忘记做过)；regrettodo(遗憾地做)，regretdoing(后悔做了)；trytodo(设法做)，trydoing(试做)；goontodo(接着做另一件事)，goondoing(继续做同一件事)；meantodo(打算做)，meandoing(意味着)；stoptodo(停下来去做)，stopdoing(停止做)；can’thelptodo(不能帮助做)，can’thelpdoing(情不自禁做)。(4)在介词后一般用动名词，下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略)：prevent/stop/keep…fromdoing(阻止……做……)；spend/wastetimeormoneyindoing(在做……方面花费/浪费时间或金钱)；How/Whataboutdoingsth(做……怎么样？)；havesomedifficulty/troubleindoing(在做……方面有些困难)；haveahardtimeindoingsth(做某事很艰难);thereisnosenseindoing(做……是没有理由/道理的)；thank/excuse/admire/praise/blame/scold/punishsbfordoingsth(因做某事而感谢/原谅/羡慕/表扬/责备/责骂/惩罚某人)等。(5)to是介词的固定词组很多，常见的有：lookforwardto(盼望),devote…to/bedevotedto(致力于),be/getusedto(习惯),leadto(导致),getdownto(开始认真),payattentionto(注意),referto(谈到),pointto(指向),turnto(转向),objectto(反对),equalto(等于；能胜任),belongto(属于)等。(6)在表示“需要”的need,want,require等后用v.-ing的主动式表示被动含义，此时也可用不定式的被动式。(7)在make,let,have(使；让)等使役动词后作宾补的不定式要省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态后作主补时要加上to。在hear,see,watch等感官动词后，作宾补时，用原形表示动作全过程；用现在分词表示当时正在发生；若是被动语态，原形前要加上to。解法：当括号内所给词为动词时，首先要看句中是否已有谓语动词了，如果有了，空格前又没有并列连词，那就是非谓语动词。这时，需考虑用哪种形式。(1)是否是作介词的宾语。(2)是否是固定句型或固定搭配。(3)是否是位于只能接不定式或只能接动名词的动词或短语动词之后。(4)作目的状语，只能用不定式。(5)作伴随状语通常要用现在分词。(6)作定语时，要根据与所修饰词的关系，判断用现在分词还是过去分词。模拟操练语法填空在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2023届湖北黄冈期中测试)After_________(learn)firstaid,studentsvolunteertohelppeoplewhohavehadaccidentsinthewater.[解析]介词(after)后用动名词，故填learning。2.(2023届重庆第四次质检)While________(cut)outcarbohydrates(碳水化合物)maybegoodforpeople,alow-carbondietusuallyisrecommendedonlyforashortperiodoftime.[解析]从句中maybe是谓语动词，从句缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故填cutting。3.Iwastryingtostay__________(focus)onamagazinearticlethattrulyinterestedme,buttryashardasIcould,theirenergykeptdistracting(使分心)me.[解析]句中stay是作“保持”解的系动词，意为“保持专注”，用-ed分词作表语，表示状态，故填focused。4.(2020届福建福州期末)____________(stop)thegradualprocessofclimatechange,letalonechangingitaroundabsolutely,canseemimpossibleattimes.[解析]句中canseem是谓语动词，句子缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故填Stopping。5.(2023届辽宁沈阳期中考试)After______________(offer)aweek-longbinge(大吃大喝)ofwaffles,milkshakesandsimilarlyrichfoods,thevolunteerswhousedtobehealthyscoredworseonmemorytestsandexperiencedagreaterdesiretoeatjunkfood.[解析]作介词after的宾语，用动名词；又因volunteers与offer之间为被动关系，故填beingoffered。6.(2023届广东普宁阶段检测)Itisabigchallenge_______(find)andkeeptherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsites.[解析]这是Itis+n.+todosth(做某事是……)句型。句中it是形式主语，后面的不定式tofindandkeep…作真正的主语，故填tofind。7.(2023届浙江温州一模)That’swhereseedbankscomein,andtheirgoalis______________(preserve)asmanyplantspeciesaspossible.[解析]说明主语的内容，指未来的行为，用不定式作表语，故填topreserve。8.AheavyfloodinGangesriverpreventedthepeople______(live)thenormalcitylife.[解析]由preventsb(from)doing可知，故填living。9.“Today,whenIheardthattheBritishLibraryiscollectingChineseonlineliterature,I’m__________(delight)foronlineliterature.”sheadds.[解析]在系动词am后作表语用形容词，修饰人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词，意为“感到愉快的”，故填delighted。10.Science,tomanyschool-agedchildren,seems________(bore)anddifficult.[解析]句中seems是系动词，须接表语；指科学“令人厌倦的”，用-ing分词作表语，故填boring。11.Thechildren’sTVshowissopopularbecauseitisoneofthefewthatfamiliescanenjoytogetherwithoutadultsfeeling________(bore).[解析]在系动词feel后须接表语，表示人“感到无聊的”，用-ed分词作表语，故填bored。12.Thedaysseem______(be)gettinglongerandthetimebecomeshardertofillin.[解析]因seemtodosth(似乎要做某事)为固定搭配，故填tobe。13.(2023届广东汕头质检)Inadditionto_________(make)herincrediblypopular,herlinguisticpowershavemadeiteasierforhertocommunicatewithforeigntourists.[解析]因inadditionto(除了……以外)为固定搭配，其中to为介词，后接v.-ing形式，故填making。14.(2023届广西北海一模)Oneoflocalresidentssaidthatherincomeroseto3,000yuanamonthafter_____________(hire)byanewlybuiltfoodfactory,whilepreviouslyshehadbeenonlyabletomakealittlemoney.[解析]因Oneoflocalresidents与hire在逻辑上是被动关系，且位于介词after后，应使用动名词的被动式，故填beinghird。15.(2023届广东广州调研测试)They’realsoexpected_________(apply)delicatemake-up,putonheavycostumes,dependingontheircharacter.[解析]因beexpectedtodosth为固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”，故填toapply。16.(2023届浙江湖州联考)Ifyoustillwanttotextwhilewalking,youcouldavoid___________(fine)byusingavoice-controlleddigitalassistant.[解析]因avoid后习惯上用动名词作宾语，意为“避免做某事”；又由空后的by可知，要用被动语态，表示“避免被罚款”，故填beingfined。17.Inhisopinion,reducingthequantityofthingsweproducecanleadtosomepeople_______(lose)theirjobs.[解析]因leadto中的to是介词，后用动名词,其中somepeople是动名词的逻辑主语，故填losing。18.However,aspeoplegrowolder,friendshipsbecomemoreimportantthanfamilyrelationshipswhenitcomesto__________(predict)healthandhappiness.[解析]因whenitcomesto(当谈到)中的to是介词，用动名词形式，故填predicting。19.InspiredbyCrazyHorse,ChineseartistSongPeilundevotedhislifeto____________(build)amemorialtotheartisticcultureofYelangValley.[解析]因devoteone’slifetodoingsth为固定搭配，其中，to为介词，意为“献身于做某事”，故填building。20.Inthefirstplace,ithappensthatwehavetrouble____________(express)ourmindswithappropriatewordsandphrases.[解析]因havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth(做某事有困难)是固定句型，故填expressing。21.Theteacheraskedthemthedifficultytheyhad___________(achieve)theirdreams.[解析]因havedifficulty(in)doingsth是固定句型。句中(that)theyhad是定语从句，修饰difficulty。22.Myusualeveningisspent_________(watch)TVandscrolling(上下移动)throughsocialmedia.[解析]由spend…(in)doing可知，故填watching。23.(2023届山东济南期中考试)Thebooks_________(donate)onTuesdaynotonlyprovideachanceofpromotingChinesecultureandtourism,butarealsoapreciousgiftoffriendshipfromthepeopleofNanjingtotheMaltesepeople.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词provide，故donate应作为非谓语动词，又因donate与books为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填donated。24.(2023届广东佛山顺德质检)Heaimed__________(break)theoldsexistadvocacythatitwaswomen’svirtuetohavenotalents.[解析]因aimtodosth为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”，故填tobreak。25.(2023届四川泸州一诊)HealsogiveslecturesaboutthefightagainstdesertificationatschoolsofAlshaaLeague,hoping________(raise)awarenessamongyoungpeople.[解析]因hopetodosth为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”，故填toraise。26.Sometimes,bycaringonlyaboutthecups,wefail__________(enjoy)thecoffee.[解析]因failtodosth(未能做某事)是固定搭配，故填toenjoy。27.Wejustremembertheimportantinformationwhichmakesiteasyforus_________(make)wisedecisions.[解析]因make/find/considerit+adj.+(forsb)todosth［使得/发现/认为(某人)做某事很……］是固定句型，其中it是形式宾语，(forsb)todosth是真正的宾语make，故填tomake。28.Althoughtheserobotscannotgoupanddown,theyknowhow__________(press)abuttonofanelevator.[解析]这是“疑问词+不定式”结构，作动词know的宾语，故填topress。29.(2023届吉林一调)JustasmanystudentslearntoplayWesternmusicalinstruments,therearemanypeople___________(learn)traditionalChinesefolkarts,includingShaanxikuaiban.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词are，所以learn应为非谓语动词；people与learn是主动关系，用现在分词形式作定语，故填learning。30.(2023届浙江杭州一模)Thebluewhale,_________(weigh)morethaneventhebiggestdinosaurs,isthelargestanimalthathaseverlived.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词is，所以weigh应为非谓语动词；主语whale(鲸鱼)与动词weigh(重量为)为主动关系，故使用现在分词形式作定语，故填weighing。31.(2023届四川绵阳一诊)Itbeginswithaseedandendswithamatureplant_____________(produce)newseeds.[解析]因本句已有谓语动词begins和ends，故produce应为非谓语动词；又因produce和其逻辑主语plant为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填producing。32.(2023届河南焦作期中考试)Theyfollowedthis____________(amaze)creatureforthreedaysandnights,butitfinallydisappearedintheforest.[解析]在名词creature前作定语，用amaze的形容词形式amazing，表示“令人惊奇的”，故填amazing。33.(2023届广东广州阶段训练)TheseheritagesiteseffectivelyprotectedChina’srepresentativegeologicalrelics,mountains,forestsandlakes,alongwiththerareand____________(endanger)animalandplantspecies.[解析]修饰名词animalandplantspecies应用形容词，根据语境可知，表示“濒危的”，故填endangered。34.(2023届吉林一调)YangJinlong,45,isan___________(experience)ShaanxiKuaibanartist.[解析]修饰名词ShaanxiKuaibanartist应用形容词，表示“有经验的”，故填experienced。35.(2023届广东大湾区一模)TheChineseLittleNewYearisnota______(fix)festivalasitvarieswithlocalcustoms.[解析]修饰名词festival应用形容词，表示“固定的”，故填fixed。36.(2023届四川遂宁零诊)Tofundtheirefforts,theysoldmostoftheirfarmanimalsandtherewereonly6sheep______(leave)tosupportthemselves.[解析]因6sheep与leave是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式作定语。句意：只剩下6只羊用于养活他们，故填left。37.(2023届湖南郴州一检)Thelibraryusuallyselectsworks________(base)ontheirpopularityorbyconsideringanitem’svalue.[解析]句中有谓语动词selects，故base应为非谓语动词，又由bebasedon(以……为根据)固定搭配可知，要用过去分词形式，故填based。38.(2023届山东烟台期中考试)DirectorLiuHongyanalsopresentedadocumentary(纪录片)____________(feature)Chinesecharacters.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词presented，所以feature应为非谓语动词；又因documentary与feature(以……为特色)两者存在主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填featuring。39.(2023届湖北黄冈期中测试)Headdedthatifstudentsfoundaspecifictopicattractive,theywouldfocusonitandonlytakepartinthelabourclass________(relate)tothattopic.[解析]前面已有谓语takepartin，所以relate应为非谓语动词；又由berelatedto固定搭配可知，用过去分词作后置定语，故填related。40.(2023届江苏镇江期中调研)Afolkmusicpiece______(title)“PicturesqueZhejiang”raisedthecurtainstotheopeningceremonyofthisevent,featuringtypicalelementsofZhejiang,suchassilk,tea,bamboo,andpoetry.[解析]后面已有谓语raised，所以title应为非谓语动词；又因folkmusicpiece与title是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示“一曲名为《风景如画的浙江》的民间音乐”，故填titled。41.(2023届山东潍坊期中测试)However,dozensofcivilizationshadbeenaroundlongbeforetheGreeksandRomans,thelesser-knownJiahupeople________(include).[解析]分析句子成分可知，逻辑主语thelesser-knownJiahupeople和非谓语动词include是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。顺便一提，included只用于名词后，如果在名词前，则需用including，故填included。42.(2023届浙江湖州、丽水、衢州质检)ThefirsteSportseventwastheone______(hold)byStanfordUniversityinthe1970s,forthegameSpacewar![解析]因句中已有谓语动词was，故hold应作为非谓语动词，又因theone与hold之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填held。43.(2023年1月浙江卷)IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,____________(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词was，故surround应作为非谓语动词，又因theForbiddenCity与surround为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填surrounded。44.(2023届四川遂宁零诊)Now,althoughWangissufferingfromserioushealthproblemsandisinhislate70s,hehasnoplans________(quit)hismission.[解析]因havenoplanstodosth为固定搭配，用不定式作定语，表示“没有计划去做某事”toquit，故填toquit。45.(2023届江苏扬州期中考试)Afterabout12daysoffight,theChang’e3probesuccessfullysoft-landedonthelunarsoil,becomingthefirstChinesespacecraftonthemoon.AndChinaisthefirstcountry________________________(reach)thisgoalinnearlyfourdecades.[解析]在有序数词修饰的名词后，一般用不定式作后置定语，故填toreach。46.Throughtheoldman’sstruggle,heshowstheabilityofhumanspirit__________(bear)hardshipandsufferinginordertoobtaingreatersuccessandvictory.[解析]由theabilitytodosth(做某事的能力)是习惯搭配，故用不定式作后置定语，故填tobear。47.(2023届广西南宁摸底测试)AutumnEquinox(秋分)liesatthemidpointofautumn,__________(divide)autumnintotwoequalparts.[解析]因句中已有谓语动词lies，所以divide应为非谓语动词；AutumnEquinox(秋分)与divide是主动关系，用现在分词短语作状语，故填dividing。48.Foodscientistsaretryingtodevelopways_________(reduce)thebitterness…[解析]表示“做某事的方法”，way后习惯上接todosth或ofdoingsth，故填toreduce或ofreducing。49.Perhapsthiswaseveryone’sThanks-giving,notforthematerialthingsgiventousbutforthechance,inwhateversmallway,________(give)toothers.[解析]表示“做某事的机会或可能性”，thechance后通常接todosth或ofdoingsth。注意，此处的thechance与togivetoothers之间被inwhateversmallway隔开了,故填togive。50.(2023届江苏常州期中考试)She’soneofseveralartistsinterviewedwhowereunhappytolearnthatpicturesoftheirworkwereusedwithoutsomeone___________(inform)them,askingforconsent,orpayingfortheiruse.[解析]此处是without的复合结构，因someone与inform之间在逻辑上为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。另外，也可由asking和paying可知，inform与asking和paying并列，也应用-ing形式,故填informing。51.(2023届陕西宝鸡一检)Withauniquecivilization________(date)backover5,000years,Chinahasalwaysbeenaplaceofspecialfascinationforforeigners.[解析]这是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，civilization与dateback(追溯)是主动关系，用现在分词短语作宾补，故填dating。52.Thereareplentyo