湖北剩州市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGE湖北省荆州市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）留意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔干脆答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillLilyprobablygivethespeechagain?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.2.HowdidJohntellthemanabouthisjobinterview?A.Bymakingacall.B.Bysendinganemail.C.Bywritingaletter.3.WhydidAlicecry?A.Becauseahugedogranafterher.B.Becauseshehadaterribledream.C.Becauseherdadwokeherup.4.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Walkingtohisoffice.B.Lookingforaflat.C.Takingsomepictures.5.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Thefood.B.Thesupermarket.C.Theircar.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whywasthemanlateforschool?A.Itwasrainy.B.TherewasanaccidentC.Thebusbrokedown.7.Howmanymeansoftransportationarementionedintheconversation?A.OneB.TwoC.Three.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethetwospeakerstalking?A.Inthestreet.B.Athome.C.Onthephone.9.WhatisJimdoing?A.Preparingforajourney.B.Helpinghismotherdosomehousework.C.Talkingwithhisparents.10.WhereisJimgoingnextweek?A.ToAmerica.B.ToEngland.C.ToAustralia.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Playtennis.B.Godancing.C.Playbowling.12.Whenwillthemanleave?A.At7:00.B.At7:30.C.At8:00.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofdrivingacar?A.Time-saving.B.Comfortable.C.Troublesome.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatcanweknowaboutMaliaObamafromtheconversation?A.Sheobeyedherparents’order.B.Shedidn’tlikeherhighschool.C.Shewillgraduatefromhighschool.15.WhatwillMaliadobeforegoingtouniversity?A.Takeoneyear’sbreak.B.Travelacrossthecountry.C.MakefriendsinHollywood.16.Whichuniversitydoesthemanprefer?A.OxfordUniversity.B.YaleUniversity.C.HarvardUniversity.17.Whatsubjectisthewomanpoorin?A.History.B.Math.C.Science.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowoftendoesStephencutthewooloffthesheep?A.Threetimesayear.B.Twiceayear.C.Onceayear.19.Whydidn’tJenny’ssweaterssellwell?A.Theyweretooexpensive.B.Theyweren’teasytowash.C.Theyweren’tsoldatarighttime.20.WhatdoweknowaboutJenny’ssocks?A.Theyarepopular.B.Theyhavesixsizes.C.Theyaremadeathomenow.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWearedelightedtoannouncethatfromMonday17thAugust,HolkerGardenswillonceagainbeopen!Availableonourwebsite,ticketsaretimed(计时)onarrivaltoensureeveryonecanenjoythewondersofourgardenswhilemaintainingproperself-distancingmeasures.Thetimeitemtellsyouwhentoenterthegardens.Pleasebooktheminadvance.Thegardenswillpresentthemselvesinamostunusualanduniqueconditionduetoanumberoffactorsincludingthehotweatheroverrecentmonthsandthefocusbyourteamtopreserveandprotectournationaltreasures.Alongsideourgardenstherewillbeasimpletake-awayserviceavailablefromourcafeofferinghot&colddrinks,ourfamoushome-madescones,aselectionoftraybakesandfreshlymadesandwiches.Everythingwillbeservedinbio-degradable(可降解的)disposablessoyoucanenjoywhatweofferrightacrossthegrounds.Wearetakingeveryprecaution(预防措施)toensureboththesafetyofyouandofourstaff.Beforeweopenthegateswewillhave:•Deepcleanedeachopenarea•Clearlyplaceddistancingmarkersaroundwhereneeded•Fixedhandwashingand/orhandsanitizerstations(洗手液台)aroundthesite•ProvidedourstaffmemberswiththeappropriatePPE(个人防护装备)•Timedticketsonourwebsite•Movedtocontactless/cardpaymentsonlyInreturn,weneedsomesupportfromyou:•Pleasesticktothe2metresocialdistancingguidancethroughoutyourvisit•Washyourhandsforatleast20secondsafterusingthefacilities(设备)•Makeuseofthehandwashandhandsanitizerstationsacrossthesite1.WhatdoweknowabouttheticketstoHolkerGardens?A.Theymustbepurchasedonthespot.B.Theyshowtheexacttimetoenterthegardens.C.Theyarepresentedinauniqueandunusualcondition.D.Theyareheavilydiscountedontheopeningday.2.Whichonecan’tbeputintothesamecategoryaccordingtothepassage?A.Home-madescones. B.Traybakes.C.Freshlymadesandwiches. D.Bio-degradabledisposables.3.WhatarevisitorstoHolkerGardensexpectedtododuringvisits?A.Makeallyourpaymentsbycash.B.WeartheappropriatePPEallthetime.C.Stayonemeterawayfromeachother.D.Cleanhandsforawhileafterusingthefacilities.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文，是HolkerGardens重新开园之前对外的公告。主要内容涉及：购票方式，票面入园时间，园内食品外带服务，开园前为公共平安卫生所实行的预防措施，游客们所应协作的事宜。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中Availableonourwebsite,ticketsaretimed(计时)onarrivaltoensureeveryonecanenjoythewondersofourgardenswhilemaintainingproperself-distancingmeasures.在我们的网站上可以购买到，到达时，票面会打上时间，以确保每个人都能观赏到我们的花园奇观，同时保持适当的自我距离。以及Thetimeitemtellsyouwhentoenterthegardens.这个时间条目告知你什么时间入园。可知，门票显示进入花园的准确时间。故选B项。【2题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段中Alongsideourgardenstherewillbeasimpletake-awayserviceavailablefromourcafeofferinghot&colddrinks,ourfamoushome-madescones,aselectionoftraybakesandfreshlymadesandwiches.在我们的花园旁边，我们的咖啡馆将供应简洁的外卖服务，供应热饮和冷饮，我们闻名的自制烤饼，精选的托盘烤面包和新做的三明治。可知第三段讲的是园内咖啡馆食品外带服务，供应hot&colddrinks,ourfamoushome-madescones,aselectionoftraybakesandfreshlymadesandwiches吃喝之物。这些将被装入可生物降解的一次性用具里，供应应游客，便于他们在园内游玩时享用。所以ABC都属于食品这一类，只有D项不是。D项意思为可生物降解的一次性用具。故选D项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Inreturn,weneedsomesupportfromyou:•Washyourhandsforatleast20secondsafterusingthefacilities(设备)反过来，我们须要你的支持：•运用设施后洗手至少20秒。可知，参观霍尔克花园的游客在运用设施后，要先清洁双手片刻。故选D项。BWhenJoyWarren’shusbandof50yearspassedaway,herconfidencetookaknock.Meetingnewpeopleandjoininginagainsociallywasafrighteningthought.Fortunately,justdoorsawaywerefriendlyneighboursJanetandMichaelPorter,whoknockedonherdoorandinvitedhertojointhematalocalfriendshipgroupevent.Anditallstartedfromthere,explainedJoy,75,“I’veneverbeenthetypetositstill,sodespitethefactthatIwasstillsadforGraham,IknewIhadtogetoutandsocialiseagain,butitwasdifficulttoknowwheretostart.ThatknockonthedoorwastheencouragementIneeded.”Fromthatfirstneighbourlyinvitation,JanetandMichaelhavebeenthereforJoy,invitingheralongtotakepartinregularOddfellowssocialevents.Shecontinued,“TheymadesureIwasneveralonefortoolong,andifIdidn’tfancycomingwiththem,therewasneveranypressure,justagentlereminderthattheywerealwaysthere.Ijoinedthematallsortsofgroupmeetingsandevents,fromvisitingthelocaldogs’hometohavingacatchupatthemonthlycoffeemorning.IsigneduptotheOddfellowsasaresultofthewonderfulnewfriendsImadethere.”Joyalsofoundthatafterlosingherhusband,shewasaloneinmakingdecisionsaboutherhomeandfinances,oftenstrugglingwithwhatneededtobedone.Sheadded,“Grahamusedtotakecareofallthat,soit’sbeentoughformetofigureoutwhattherightthingtodoissometimes.TheOddfellowswasahugehelpwiththisastheyhaveaCitizen’sAdviceLineformembers,whichhasgotmethroughsomecomplicatedtimes.”4.HowdidJoyWarrenfeelwhenGrahamlefther?A.Shewastoosadtoseeanyone.B.Shecouldn’twaittomeetnewfriends.C.Shehadnoideahowtomixwithothers.D.Shefeltiteasytohandledailyaffairsbyherself.5.WhatdidJoyWarrendoafterthefirstinvitationofJanetandMichaelPorter?A.Payingvisitstothelocalnursinghome.B.Makingdecisionsaboutwhatneededtobedone.C.Havingaget-togetherattheweeklycoffeemorning.D.ParticipatinginOddfellowsactivitiesonaregularbasis.6.HowdidJoyWarrendealwithsomecomplexproblems?A.Sheworkedthemoutonherown.B.Shereliedonherchildrenforadvice.C.Sheignoredthemandescapedfromreality.D.ShesoughthelpfromOddfellows’Citizen’sAdviceLine.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Oddfellows,ColorfulSocialEventsB.HangingOutWithFriendlyNeighborsC.ANeighborlyKnockToCureLonelinessD.AFriendlyInvitationFromLovelyNeighbors【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.C【解析】本文是新闻报道，讲解并描述一位丧夫老人在友邻的帮助下，重拾生活的信念，让自己孤独的生活丰富多彩起来。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段一二句WhenJoyWarren’shusbandof50yearspassedaway,herconfidencetookaknock.Meetingnewpeopleandjoininginagainsociallywasafrighteningthought.可知结婚50载，突然丧夫，Joy觉着再结识新挚友，参与社交活动是件让她感到恐惊的事情，因此可推断出：她不知道该如何与他人交往了。故选C。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。从第四段的Ijoinedthematallsortsofgroupmeetingsandevents,fromvisitingthelocaldogs’hometohavingacatchupatthemonthlycoffeemorning.IsigneduptotheOddfellowsasaresultofthewonderfulnewfriendsImadethere.可知，JoyWarren参与了各种各样的小组会议和活动，从参观当地的狗舍到每月的咖啡约会。还报名参与了Oddfellows在那里结交了很多新挚友，可知答案D：常常参与Oddfellows组织的社会活动，是正确答案。故选D。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段最终一句TheOddfellowswasahugehelpwiththisastheyhaveaCitizen’sAdviceLineformembers,whichhasgotmethroughsomecomplicatedtimes.(Oddfellows在这方面有很大帮助，因为他们有一个会员的市民建议热线，这使我度过了一些困难的时期。)可知：当遇到困难些的问题，她会向Oddfellows的Citizen’sAdviceLine求助。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。本文的故事皆因友好的邻居Janet和MichaelPorter敲门邀请Joy参与社交活动起先。因为邻居的友好邀请，Joy摆脱了丧夫后的孤寂，重新振作起来，所以选择C项为最佳标题。A项不是本文的主要内容，B项范围太大，D项点题不够，没有突出邀请的作用。故选C。CAdolescentgirlsseemtouseeyerollsasameansofdailycommunication.Adultsonthereceivingendoftenthinkitarudemanner.Actually,themeaningsbehindthemannertellusalotaboutwhatit’sliketobeateenager.Adolescentsusuallyhatebeingtoldwhattodo,andwillunconsciouslyresistevensuggestionswithwhichtheyagree.Imagineagirlwhoisplanningtoputonherwarmestcoatwhenherwell-meaningmotherurgeshertobundleup.Notacellinherbodyiswillingtorespondwithasincere“Greatidea,Mom!Iwasjustthinkingthesamething.”Butthegirlstillwantstobewarm.Withaneyerollthegirladvertisesherresistancewhiledoingassheintendedallalong.Sinceteenagegirlsdesireindependencestrongly,takingorderscanbeespeciallyannoyingforthem.SohowshouldMaryrespondwhenherparentssayshecan’tgooutuntilsheunloadsthedishwasher?Sheseesnopointinfightingback,butstillwantstobroadcastherobjection.Again,byrollinghereyeswhileputtingawaytheplates,Maryprovesthatshe’sanindependentyoungwoman.Girlsalsorolltheireyestocovertheirsorrow.Anna,whoishurtingoverafightwithafriend,mightshootaskywardlookwhenherdadasksgently,“How’sJulia?Shehasn’tcomeoverforawhile?”Whatseemstobearudebehaviormightactuallybethegirl’sbraveattempttoholdherselftogether.Unwillingtorelyonherparentsforsupport,Annaturnsherdadawaywithaneyerolltoavoidburstingintotearsinhispresence.Ofcourse,girlsoccasionallyuseeye-rollingasanimmatureactofaggression.Butmoreoftenthannot,teenageeye-rollingservesasanefficientsolutiontothetypicalchallengesadolescentsface.Anditpresentsadultswithachoice:youcantakethe.behaviorpersonally,oryoucantrytoseethingsfromtheirperspective.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“bundleup”inParagraph2mean?A.Tieup. B.Hurryup.C.Putonwarmclothes. D.Keepcool.9.WhatisMary’sreactiontoherparents’demandinParagraph3?A.Shedoesn’tobeytheorder.B.Shedisplaysherannoyanceanyway.C.Shefightsbackagainstherparentsstrongly.D.Sheprovesherindependencebyputtingawaythedishes.10.WhenDadinquiresaboutherfriendsoftly,Anna.A.refuseshiskindness. B.burstsintotearsC.reliesonhimforsupport D.looksattheskyallthetime11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.What’sBehindEyeRolling? B.WhatDoesItMeantoBeateenager?C.HowtoUnderstandMoreAboutGirls? D.WhyDoTeenageGirlsRollTheirEyes?【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。处于青春期的女孩总喜爱翻白眼，这并非一种粗鲁的冒犯行为，而是女孩们处理青春期问题的特殊方式。文章分析了女孩们翻白眼的缘由。【8题详解】短语揣测题。依据本段内容，结合画线词所在句“Imagineagirlwhoisplanningtoputonherwarmestcoat(假设一个女孩准备穿上最温煦的衣服)”及“Greatidea,Mom!Iwasjustthinkingthesamething.(好办法，妈妈！我想的是同样的事情)”可知，女孩原来就是想穿上最温煦的衣服，只是不情愿被母亲要求这样做，所以“whenherwell-meaningmotherurgeshertobundleup”意为“当她善意的妈妈劝她穿上温煦的衣服”，划线短语“bundleup”意为“穿上温煦的衣服”。故选C项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段内容“Sheseesnopointinfightingback,butstillwantstobroadcastherobjection.Again,byrollinghereyeswhileputtingawaytheplates,Maryprovesthatshe’sanindependentyoungwoman.(她明白抗拒没有用，但还是想宣布她的反对。她收盘子时再次通过翻白眼证明白她是一个独立的年轻女性)”可知，Mary认为抗拒无用，还是听从父母的吩咐将盘子放好了，但翻了个白眼表示自己的反感与恼火。故选B项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“Unwillingtorelyonherparentsforsupport,Annaturnsherdadawaywithaneyerolltoavoidburstingintotearsinhispresence.”可知，Anna不想在父亲面前表现出脆弱一面，为了避开自己当着父亲的面失声痛哭，她翻了个白眼，将父亲善意的关切拒之门外。shoot意为“突然把……投向”，shootaskywardlook意为“翻了个白眼”。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段最终一句“Actually,themeaningsbehindthemannertellusalotaboutwhatit’sliketobeateenager.(事实上，这种行为的背后的意义告知我们很多关于成为一个青少年是什么样子的信息)”可知，文章主要讲解并描述青春期女孩翻白眼的缘由，A项缺少关键词adolescent/teenagegirls。故选D项。DInternethasbeenapowerfulforcefuelingeconomicgrowthacrossEurope,NorthAmericaandAsiaoverthepastseveraldecades.Furtherglobalizationwillbringfarmoreprofitsinthefuture.Tohelpthosecountriesinpovertyandexpandtradeworldwidetobenefitallthemankind,Africaisthenextfrontier（地区）fortheinternet.DigitalreformshavetakenoffquicklyinAfrica,partlybecausetheyoungergenerationismorereadyforadoptionofnewtechnologies.Comparedtoagingpopulationsindevelopedcountries,theaverageageinAfricais19.2yearsold.Whilelessthanhalfthepopulationhasaccesstoelectricity,two-fifthsownamobilephone.Withthegrowingdemandforbeingconnected,anumberofmobilecarriersarenowseekingtoexpandnetworkcoverageinAfrica.GovernmentsofAfricancountriesarealsopushingforthenetworkconstructionastheyrecognizethatcommunicationsandrenewableenergyplayanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoftheircountries.Inrecentyears,themajorityoftheinvestment（投资）intoAfricahascomefromChina.DirectinvestmentfromChinahasgrown40%annuallyoverthepastdecade,farmorethaninvestmentfromothereconomicpartners,includingtheUS.Huawei,ZTEandChinaTelecomhaveallenteredthefield.Huaweirecentlyannouncedthatitwaslaunchinga5GtransportnetworkinSouthAfrica,thefirstcompanytoexpand5Gnetworkinthisarea.Meanwhile,WesterngovernmentsareplanningtodomoretoinvestinAfricatomaintaintheireconomicrelationshipswithit.ThathasreceivedsupportfrommanytechgiantslikeFacebook,whichrecentlyannouncedplanstolaya37,000kilometersofsubseacablenetworktobuildadirecthigh-speedinternetconnectionbetween16countriesinAfricawithEuropeandtheMiddleEast.ExpandingnetworkconnectivityacrossAfricawillopenupdigitalservicesthatmanyofustakeforgrantedlikemobilebanking,e-educationandonlineshopping.Becausetheglobaleconomyissocloselylinked,theincreaseininternetaccesswillnotonlypowereconomicgrowthandcreatenewmarketsinAfrica,butencouragedevelopmentinotherfieldsandaroundtheworld.12.WhichfactorcontributestotherapidsuccessoftechnologyrevolutioninAfrica?A.Theagingpopulation. B.Coverageoftheinternet.C.Theeasyaccesstoelectricity D.Theyouth’swillingnesstotrynewtechnology.13.AlltheeffortstoexpandnetworktoAfricaarementionedEXCEPT_______.A.SupportfromWesternbigfirmsB.China’shugeinvestmentintoAfricaC.ConnectionsbetweenEuropeandtheMiddleEastD.EncouragementofgovernmentsinAfricancountries14.Accordingtothepassage,whichsayingdoestheauthorseemtobelieve?A.Effortswillpayoff.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Technologyisadouble-edgedsword(双刃剑).D.Mankindisacommunitywithasharedfuture.15.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.BackgroundinformationofAfricandigitalreform.B.TheworldwidetechnologicalsupportgiventoAfrica.C.Thedevelopmentofothercountriesinthepastcentury.D.DetailedpotentialbenefitsofAfricannetworkexpansion.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.D【解析】本文是说明文。网络给欧洲、南美和亚洲带来了迅猛的发展，随着经济全球化的深化，将更进一步促进世界经济的发展。下一步网络将普及到非洲，中国与西方国家都对其网络建设投入了大量的支持，这不仅将促进非洲经济的发展，也将促进其它领域及世界范围内的发展。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句DigitalreformshavetakenoffquicklyinAfrica,partlybecausetheyoungergenerationismorereadyforadoptionofnewtechnologies.可知，非洲地区科技改革快速胜利的部分缘由是年轻一代更情愿尝试新科技。故选D。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段的GovernmentsofAfricancountriesarealsopushingforthenetworkconstructionastheyrecognizethatcommunicationsandrenewableenergyplayanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoftheircountries.可知，非洲国家大力推动网络建设以谋求发展，依据第四段可知，中国和西方国家的政府和科技巨头都加大了对非洲网络建设的投入和支持。Facebook安排建立的海下网络线缆是将16个非洲国家与欧洲和中东联系起来。C项意为欧洲和中东联系起来，与原文不符，故选C项。【14题详解】推理推断题。A项意为“努力会有回报”；B项意为“患难见真情”；C项意为“科技是把双刃剑”；D项意为“人类是命运共同体”。文章开头结尾均提到非洲的发展能促进世界范围内的发展，扩大贸易以寻求共同利益，因此作者可能会信任“人类有着共同的将来”。故选D。【15题详解】推理推断题。文章最终一段概述了网络在非洲普及可能带来非洲经济、全球经济以及其它领域的发展，接下来一段应具体阐述其好处。故选D。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evenfornativespeakers,theEnglishlanguageisfulloftraps.That’swhypeoplearesohesitanttousewhominsteadofwho,andwhythinkingaboutthedifferencesbetweenlayandliegivesevenlanguageprofessorsaheadache.____16____Bothwordsdescribesimilarsituations,withonlyoneletterseparatingthem.Thoughthey’reoftenusedinterchangeably(可交换地),thereisadifferencebetweenthem.Foranyonewhostruggleswithgrammar,itseemsreallyhardtomakeachoice.____17____Fartherandfurtherarebothusedinrelationtoprogress,butthetypeofprogresstheydescribediffers.Fartherisusedforphysicaldistance,suchas“hecanrunfartherthanbefore”.____18____Forexample,“shewasinterruptedbeforeshecouldgofurtherinherspeech.”Thiscanremindyoutousefartherwhendescribingthingsliketripsandwalks,andsavefurtherforconceptslikeprojects,education,anddreams.Thisdistinctionisclearenough,butitishardtodecidewhenit’snottotallyobviouswhetheritisdealingwithphysicalorabstractdistance.____19____Iftheprogressbeingreferredtoislinesonapage,fartherworksjustfine,butifthespeakeristalkingaboutthepoemasapieceofart,furthermaybemoreappropriate.Insuchinstances,it’susuallysafesttousefurther,usageforfartherisslightlystricter,andsincefurtherdealswithsituationsthatarehardtodefine,youcangetawaywithusingitinmorecontexts(语境).____20____Afterall,lotsofgreatwritershavebeenusingfartherandfurtherinterchangeablyforcenturies.A.However,furtherisusedforabstractconcepts.B.Withthetipsabove,youwillneverbeconfused.C.Similarly,furtherisusedtodescribespecificthings.D.Luckilythere’saneasytricktorememberthedifference.E.Onemorecommontrapiswhentousefartherandfurther.F.Ifyoustillgetthemmixedup,don’tletitbotheryoutoomuch.G.Takethesentence“thewritergotfartherinherpoem”forexample.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.G20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在英语中如何区分和选择“farther”和“further”。【16题详解】依据上文Evenfornativespeakers,theEnglishlanguageisfulloftraps.That’swhypeoplearesohesitanttousewhominsteadofwho,andwhythinkingaboutthedifferencesbetweenlayandliegivesevenlanguageprofessorsaheadache.可知即使对以英语为母语的人来说，英语也充溢了陷阱。这就是为什么人们在运用whom而不是who时如此迟疑的缘由，也是为什么想到lie和lie之间的区分就连语言教授都头疼的缘由。由此可知，本句为第一段最终一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要说明白如何区分“father”和“further”，故E选项“另一个常见的陷阱是何时运用father和further”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】依据后文Fartherandfurtherarebothusedinrelationtoprogress,butthetypeofprogresstheydescribediffers.Fartherisusedforphysicaldistance,suchas“hecanrunfartherthanbefore”.可知Farther和further都与进展有关，但它们描述的进展类型有所不同。farther指的是物理距离，如“他比以前跑得更远了”。由此可知，后文是在说明区分father和further的技巧，故本句总起下文提出“有一个简洁的技巧来记住它们的区分”。故D选项“幸运的是，有一个简洁的技巧来记住它们的区分”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】依据后文Forexample,“shewasinterruptedbeforeshecouldgofurtherinherspeech.”Thiscanremindyoutousefartherwhendescribingthingsliketripsandwalks,andsavefurtherforconceptslikeprojects,education,anddreams.可知例如，“她还没来得及接着进一步演讲就被打断了。”这可以提示你在描述旅行和漫步时运用farther，而在描述项目、教化和幻想等概念时运用further。由此可知，本段主要是在说明further的用法。故A选项“但是，further是用于抽象概念”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】依据后文Iftheprogressbeingreferredtoislinesonapage,fartherworksjustfine,butifthespeakeristalkingaboutthepoemasapieceofart,furthermaybemoreappropriate.可知假如指的是一页上的几行诗，那么farther就可以了，但假如说话者把这首诗当做一件艺术品来谈论，further可能更合适。由此可知，后句讲到poem，那么本句应当是通过一句提到“poem”的例句来说明如何运用farther和further的。故G选项“以‘thewritergotfurtherinherpoem’这句话为例”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】依据后文Afterall,lotsofgreatwritershavebeenusingfartherandfurtherinterchangeablyforcenturies.可知终归几百年来，很多宏大的作家都在交替运用father和further。由此可知，很多宏大的作家都在交替运用father和further，说明假如你的确分不清这两个词，也不用在意。故F选项“假如你还是把它们弄混了，也不要让它太困扰你”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Acoupleofmonthsago,IwastextingafriendinAustraliaduringtheirwidespreadbushfires,begginghertocomebacktoNewYork.“It’sjustnot____21____”Isaid.“Youcan’tevenbreathe!”Shesimplyreplied,“No.Ineedtobearwitness(见证),”____22____thewayhergovernmentpoorlyhandledtheproblem,ignoringscientists’____23____aboutglobalwarming.Herneedto“see”was____24____inherdeeploveforherpeopleandcountry.NowhereIam,____25____myowncityon“fire”.Afirethatshouldhavetakennoonebysurprise.Thisisn’tjustaboutBreonnaTaylor,AhmaudArbery,GeorgeFloydoranyblackcitizen.Thisisabouta____26____thatexistswithinthiscountrythatmakesourlivesseeminglylessvaluabletothepeopleinpowerwho____27____mosttimes,tobewhite.Inallthisgoodtrouble,wecan’tkeeplookingaway.Wecan’tkeep____28____.Ifwedon’tbearwitnesstothesemomentsofunfairness,theyhavethechanceto____29____themselves.Ifwe’reafraidandconfused,that’s_____30_____,becauseweareonlyhuman.Butontheothersideoffearis_____31_____.Ontheothersideof_____32_____isknowledgeandpower.Maybeweareunsurewhattodoorreallywhatwecandointhismoment_____33_____therearesomanyconfusingsuggestions.Buttheonlythingwe_____34_____havetodoiskeepbeingouruniqueselves.I’mBlack.Myfather,mother,brother,andeveryoneinbetweenareBlack.I_____35_____beingBlack.Friendsandfamilyfromalloverhaveaskedmetoleave.AndIsayno.I,too,needtobearwitness.21.A.harmful B.important C.safe D.beautiful22.A.referringto B.cheeringup C.defendingagainst D.carryingon23.A.limits B.warnings C.manners D.wishes24.A.absorbed B.filled C.rooted D.buried25.A.setting B.putting C.making D.watching26.A.support B.statement C.schedule D.system27.A.happen B.promise C.manage D.intend28.A.alive B.balanced C.silent D.bored29.A.hurt B.repeat C.beat D.win30.A.unbelievable B.enjoyable C.reliable D.understandable31.A.interest B.bravery C.luck D.sadness32.A.confusion B.fool C.loss D.news33.A.when B.where C.what D.that34.A.nearly B.gently C.hardly D.truly35.A.regret B.avoid C.love D.try【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.B32.A33.A34.D35.C【解析】本文是争论文。作者通过讲解并描述澳大利亚大火时，挚友不情愿离开去外国，要见证政府的失职，谈到自己也处于相同的境地，对于政府的不公允对待，我们应当有所作为，真正做些什么，特殊是要保持独特的自我。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“那里担忧全”我说，“你甚至不能呼吸。”A.harmful有害的；B.important重要的；C.safe平安的；D.beautiful美丽的；美丽的。依据下文“Youcan’tevenbreathe!”可知，那里担忧全。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：……提到她的政府处理问题的方式很差，忽视科学家关于全球变暖的警告。A.referringto提到；B.cheeringup振作起来；C.defendingagainst防卫；D.carryingon接着。依据空后的thewayhergovernmentpoorlyhandledtheproblem可推断，挚友提到了政府处理问题的方式很差。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.limits限制；B.warnings警告；C.manners文明；举止；D.wishes愿望。科学家就全球变暖的给出警告。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的“看”的须要根植于她对她的人民和国家的深深的爱。A.absorbed汲取；B.filled充溢；装满；C.rooted使生根；D.buried安葬。依据herdeeploveforherpeopleandcountry.可知，挚友想要见证事实，是因为她对于国家和人民的爱。berootedin“根植于”，符合语境。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我处于这种境地，看着我自己的城市在“大火”上。A.setting设置；B.putting放置；C.making使；让；D.watching观看。依据上文“NowhereIam”可知，我现在和挚友的境况一样，也是看着自己的城市在“火”上。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是关于一种存在于这个国家中的体系，它使我们的生活对于大多数时候碰巧是白人的当权者来说好像不那么有价值。A.support支持；B.statement陈述；C.schedule安排；D.system系统。依据下文thatexistswithinthiscountrythatmakesourlivesseeminglylessvaluabletothepeopleinpower可知，这是一种国家体系。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.happen碰巧；发生；B.promise诺言；许诺；C.manage管理；设法；D.intend准备。依据下文mosttimes,tobewhite可知，大多数时候碰巧是白人的当权者。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不能爱护缄默。A.alive活的；B.balanced平衡的；C.silent缄默的；D.bored枯燥的。依据上文wecan’tkeeplookingaway.可知，我们不能视而不见，不能保持缄默。故选C。29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如我们不能为这些不公允的时刻作证，他们就有机会再次重复这些事情。A.hurt损害；B.repeat重复；C.beat战胜；D.win赢得。依据条件状语从句推断，假如我们不举证这些不公允常刻，他们就有机会再次复制，“重复自己”表示再次做出这样的事情。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：假如我们胆怯 和困惑，那是可理解的。因为我们只是人。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.enjoyable开心的；C.reliable牢靠的；D.understandable可理解的。依据下文becauseweareonlyhuman可知，因为我们只是人，因此我们胆怯 和困惑是可理解的。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是恐惊的对面是英勇。A.interest爱好；B.bravery英勇；C.luck运气；D.sadness悲伤。依据常识可知，恐惊与英勇相对。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：困惑的对面是学问和力气。A.confusion困惑；B.fool傻瓜；C.loss损失；D.news新闻。上文提到了fear，与afraid同义，因此推断此处阐述confusion“困惑”。故选A。【33题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这个有这么多令人困惑的建议的时刻，或许我们不确定该做什么或我们能做什么，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是thismoment，从句中作时间状语，引导定语从句用关系副词when。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我们真正必需做的唯一的事情是保持独特的自我。A.nearly几乎；B.gently温柔地；C.hardly几乎不；D.truly真正。依据下文keepbeingouruniqueselves可推断，这是我们真正必需做的事情。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爱我是黑人。A.regret缺憾；B.avoid避开；C.love爱；D.try尝试。依据下文Friendsandfamilyfromalloverhaveaskedmetoleave.AndIsayno.可推断，作者对于自己是黑人的身份认同。故选C。其次节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SammyFlynnandherfatherRichardhadbeencelebratingherspecialdayattheWildWestTownthemeparkinUnion,IllinoislastmonthwhenRichardgotacallaboutabiker____36____motorcyclehadbrokendownthreehoursoutsideoftown.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatRichard____37____(get)anautomotivecallforhelp;heisoneoftheco—foundersofWARPerformance,____38____motorcyclerepairshopbasedoutofMarengo.“Wehave____39____(real)trie