高一年级下册英语期末考试试题汇编：阅读理解(二)

湖南省部分市

2019-2020年高一下学期英语期末考试试题精选汇编

阅读理解专题

01【郴州市2019-2020高一下学期】

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡

上将该项涂黑。

A

Takingonlineclassesisbecomingincreasinglypopular,butstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutit.

ZhouLan:

Ilovetakingonlinecourses.Theygivemealotmorechoicesandfreedom.Wecanchoosetolearnwhateverwe

want.Also,onlineclassesenableustostudywheneverandwhereverwewant,whichisveryconvenient.

LiuBing:

Idon'tthinktakingonlineclassesisagoodwaytostudy.Therearemanytemptations（诱惑）onthe

Internet.Studentscanbedistracted（使分心）fromtheircourseseasily.Thewholelearningprocessisnotasorganized

asitisintheclassroom.

WuWei:

Onlineclassroomsarebeneficial.Wemightfeelmoreconcentratedonlearningwhenwearealoneinfrontofa

computerwithnoonetodistractus.Inaddition,takingcoursesonlinealsomeanswecanhavemoretimetousea

computer,whichisagoodwaytopracticeourcomputerskills.

LiaoSiying:

Ithinktheideaoftakingonlinecoursesiscrazy.ltcanincreaseourexposure（接触）tocomputersandthe

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radiation（辐射）fromthemcoulddoharmtothehumanbody,especiallyoureyes.Also,sittinginfrontofacomputer

foralongtimewithoutexercisingcanbeharmfultoourhealth.

1.Howmanystudentssupportonlinelearning?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

2.ZhouLanthinksthattakingonlinecoursesisconvenientbecause.

A.studentscantakeonlinecoursesfreely

B.shefeelsitcheaptotakeonlinecourses

C.ithelpsimprovestudents*computerskills

D.studentscanfeelmoreconcentratedonlearning

3.AccordingtoLiaoSiying,takingonlinecourses.

A.canbebeneficialinmanywaysB.causesalotofdistractions

C.willmakestudentsgocrazyD.isharmfultostudents5health

4.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.WaysofstudyingontheInternet.B.Opinionsontakingonlinecourses.

C.Suggestionsfortakingonlinecourses.D.Ideasonbecomingorganizedlearners.

【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.B

【解析】

本文是议论文。在线课程越来越受到欢迎。学生们对此褒贬不一，文章给出四个学生的不同意见。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据ZhouLan:Ilovetakingonlinecourses.（我喜欢上网络课程）和WuWei:Onlineclassrooms

arebeneficial.（在线课堂是有益的）可知，两个学生支持上网课。故选B。

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【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段Also,onlineclassesenableustostudywheneverandwhereverwewant,whichisvery

convenient.（此外，网络课程让我们可以随时随地学习，这是非常方便的）可知，周兰认为上网上课程很

方便因为学生可以自由上课。故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段的Also,sittinginfrontofacomputerforalongtimewithoutexercisingcanbeharmful

toourhealth.（此外，长时间坐在电脑前不锻炼会对我们的健康有害）可知，廖思英认为长时间坐在电脑面

前不锻炼可能对我们的健康有害。故选D。

【4题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段的Takingonlineclassesisbecomingincreasinglypopular,butstudentshavedifferent

opinionsaboutit.可知，参加网上课程越来越受欢迎，但学生对此有不同的看法。因此推断文章主要阐述了

上网课的意见。故选B。

B

Thetriathlonisademandingsport.Manysaythatitisarealtestofanathlete'sbodyandmind.Itisdifficult

becauseitisthreesportsinone.Itincludesswimmingfbr13.86kilometers,bicyclingfor180kilometers,and

runningfor42.2kilometers.Thetoptriathletesfinishallthreeeventsinabout8hours.

Thissportisarealchallenge.First,ittakestimetotrainforcompetitions.Somepeoplespendupto8months

trainingfortherace.Second,ittakesmoneytocompete.Theequipmentisnotcheap.Bicyclesforthiseventcancost

upto$10,000.Top-qualityswimminggear（用具）andrunningshoesareexpensive.Third,athletesmusthavestrong

minds.Ittakeswillpower（意志力）lopushthemselvestokeeptrainingtoreachtheirgoal.

Thetriathlonisarecentsport.TriathlonsbeganinCaliforniaintheearly1970s.In1978,competitorsheldthe

firstprofessionaltriathlonraceinHawaii.In1982,thisracebecamefamousbecauseofthetelevisedperformanceof

JulieMoss.Itwasherfirstcompetition.Exhausted,shewasrunningtowardthefinishline.Suddenly,3meters

beforetheline,shefelldown.Shetriedtogetup,butshekeptfalling.Shefinallycrawled（爬）acrossthefinishline.

Shelostthatyear,butshetriedagain.Finally,in1985,shewon.Thiswasthestartofthetriathlon'spopularity.

Today,triathlonsaremuchmorepopularamongordinaryathletes.Peopleofallagescancompete,aslongas

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theyareingoodphysicalcondition.Infact,ithasbecomeagreatfamilysport.Triathletesarespecialpeoplewho

havetimeintheirlivesforcareers（事业）andfamilies.Mostarehighlyeducatedandearntopsalaries（薪水）intheir

jobs.Manytriathletesarehappilymarned.Infact,two-thirdsoftriathletessaythattheirtraininghasapositive

influenceontheirmamages.Today,thetriathlonisanOlympicsportandarespectedeventworldwide.

5.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Theoriginofthetriathlon.B.Therulesofthetriathlon.

C.Thereasonswhythetriathlonishard.D.Thestepstoprepareforthetriathlon.

6.Whatmadethetriathlonbecomewell-known?

A.TheinfluenceofTVinHawaii.

BThelivebroadcastontheInternet.

C.Theformofthesport—threeinone.

D.Theunbelievableperformanceofanathlete.

7.Mosttriathletes9attitudetowardsthetriathlonis.

A.supportiveB.unfavorableC.uncertainD.worried

【答案】5.C6.D7.A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，铁人三项的起源和受欢迎度，是一项要求很高的运动。

【5题详解】

主旨大意题。由第二段"Thissportisarealchallenge.First,ittakestimetotrainforcompetitions.Somepeople

spendupto8monthstrainingfbrtherace.Second,ittakesmoneytocompete.Theequipmentisnotcheap.Bicycles

forthiseventcancostupto$10,000.Top-qualityswimminggear（用具）andrunningshoesareexpensive.Third,

athletesmusthavestrongminds.Ittakeswillpower（意志力）topushthemselvestokeeptrainingtoreachtheirgoal.”

（这项运动是一项真正的挑战。首先，训练比赛需要时间。有些人花了长达8个月的时间训练比赛。第二，

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竞争需要钱。设备不便宜。这次活动的自行车价格高达1万美元。上等的游泳用具和跑鞋都很贵。第三,

运动员必须有坚强的意志。它需要意志力来推动自己不断地训练以达到目标。），可知第二段主要讲铁人三

项赛难的原因。故选C项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。由第三段中的“In1982,thisracebecamefamousbecauseofthetelevisedperformanceofJulie

Moss.Itwasherfirstcompetition.Exhausted,shewasrunningtowardthefinishline.Suddenly,3metersbeforethe

line,shefelldown.Shetriedtogetup,butshekeptfalling.Shefinallycrawled（爬）acrossthefinishline.Shelost

thatyear,butshetriedagain.Finally,in1985,shewon.Thiswasthestartofthetriathlon'spopularity.（1982年，

这场比赛因为朱莉•莫斯的电视表现而出名。这是她第一次参加比赛。她筋疲力尽，朝终点跑去。突然，

在队伍前方3米处，她摔倒了。她试图站起来，但一直摔倒。她终于爬过了终点线。那一年她输了，但她

再试了一次。最后，在1985年，她赢了。这是铁人三项运动流行的开始。），可推断出是运动员令人难以

置信的表现让铁人三项运动闻名于世。故选D项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Infact,two-thirdsoftriathletessaythattheirtraininghasapositiveinfluenceon

theirmarriages.Today,thetriathlonisanOlympicsportandarespectedeventworldwide.n（事实上，三分之二

的铁人说他们的训练对他们的婚姻有积极的影响。今天，铁人三项是一项奥林匹克运动，是全世界受人尊

敬的活动。），可知铁人训练有好处，可推断出大多数铁人支持铁人三项。故选A项。

C

ThemoreyouknowabouthowcollegesintheUnitedStateschoosetheirstudents,thebetterchanceyouwill

havetogetin.Ifyouunderstandhowtoevaluateyourself,howtoresearchschools,andhowtoseedifferences

betweenonecollegeandanother,yourchanceswillbeverygreat.

Youwillbechoosing10or12collegesthatyoumustgettoknowverywell.Youcanreadaboutthem,research

themonline,andfindotherChinesestudentsattheschool.Youcanemailthemaboutcampuslife.Findtheemail

addressoftheadmissionsofficeonthecollegewebsiteandaskforthenamesandemailaddressesofotherChinese

students.

Tryhardtokeepanopenmind,asyouresearchthehundredsofcollegesintheUS.Themoreyoulearnwhata

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particularcollegeislike,evenifyouhaveneverheardofitbefore,themoreinformedchoicesyouwillbeableto

make.

Thatmeanscollectinginformationfrommanysources（来源easytobelievewhatotherssay,thingslike

“SomeonetoldmethatColoradoCollegeistoosmall,"and"SomeonetoldmethatMichiganistoobig."Thetruthis

thateverycollegehassomethingforsomeone.Thereisnocollegethatiswonderfulforeveryone.NoteventheIvy

Leagueschools（常春藤盟校）!Justbecauseyouhaveheardthenameofacollegedoesnotmeanitwillbeagood

placeforyou.Justbecauseyouhavenotheardthenameofacollegedoesnotmeanthatyouwillnotlikeit.

Lookatfour-yearaccredited（鉴定合格的）residential（住宿的）collegeswhereatleast75percentofthe

studentsliveoncampus.Youmustapplytosomethatareeasiertogetintothanothers.Thetypicalresidential

collegeof2,000studentsfeelsdifferentfromastateuniversityof20,000students.Mostcollegesof2,000are

communitieswhereeveryonegetstoknoweachother,andprofessorsspendalotoftimewiththestudents.

8.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?

A.TorecommendsomeUScolleges.

B.TogivetipsonchoosingUScolleges.

C.TotellreadershowtogetintoIvyLeagueschools.

D.TointroducesomesourcesofinformationonUScolleges.

9.IfyouwanttogotocollegeintheUS,youshould.

A.learnaboutasmanycollegesasyoucan

B.compareUScollegeswithChineseones

C.doacarefulresearchbeforemakingadecision

D.contactadmissionsofficersfbrinformationaboutteachers

10.Accordingtothepassage,you'dbetterapplyfor.

A.IvyLeagueschools

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B.four-yearaccreditedresidentialcolleges

C.stateuniversitiesofaround20,000students

D.residentialcollegeswithlotsofChinesestudents

【答案】8.B9.C10.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。你对美国大学如何选择学生了解得越多，你就越有可能被录取.如果你知道如何评估自

己，如何研究学校，以及如何看到不同大学之间的差异，你的机会将会非常大。文章主要就如何选择美国

的大学提供了一些建议。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段ThemoreyouknowabouthowcollegesintheUnitedStateschoosetheirstudents,the

betterchanceyouwillhavetogetin.Ifyouunderstandhowtoevaluateyourself,howtoresearchschools,andhow

toseedifferencesbetweenonecollegeandanother,yourchanceswillbeverygreat.可知你对美国大学如何选择

学生了解得越多，你就越有可能被录取。如果你知道如何评估自己，如何研究学校，以及如何看到不同大

学之间的差异，你的机会将会非常大。结合文章主要就如何选择美国的大学提供了一些建议。由此可推知，

作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提供一些选择美国大学的建议。故选B。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中Ifyouunderstandhowtoevaluateyourself,howtoresearchschools,andhowtosee

differencesbetweenonecollegeandanother,yourchanceswillbeverygreat.可知如果你知道如何评估自己，如

何研究学校，以及如何看到不同大学之间的差异，你的机会将会非常大。以及第三段Tryhardtokeepanopen

mind,asyouresearchthehundredsofcollegesintheUS.Themoreyoulearnwhataparticularcollegeislike,even

ifyouhaveneverheardofitbefore,themoreinformedchoicesyouwillbeabletomake.可知当你研究美国数百

所大学时，尽量保持开放的心态。你对某所大学了解得越多，即使你以前从未听说过它，你也能做出更明

智的选择。由此可知，如果你想去美国上大学，你应该在做决定前仔细研究一下。故选C。

[10题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中Lookatfour-yearaccredited（鉴定合格的）residential（住宿的）collegeswhereat

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least75percentofthestudentsliveoncampus.Youmustapplytosomethatareeasiertogetintothanothers.可知

看看四年制认证的住宿学院，那里至少有75%的学生住在校园里。你必须申请一些比较容易进入的学校。

典型的2000名学生的住宿学院和2万名学生的州立大学感觉不同。由此可知，你最好申请四年鉴定合格

的住宿学院。故选B。

02【怀化市2019-2020高一下学期】

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Whereintheworldwouldyoumostliketolive?AccordingtoanannualstatisticsbytheEconomist

IntelligenceUnit,youshouldthinkaboutViennaThemagazineagainrateditasoneoftheworld's"mostlivable^^

cities.Winningforthesecondyearinarow,theAustriancapitalscoredtopmarksforallthreecategories:culture,

environmentandinfrastructure.

Culture

BeatingmorepopularcitieslikeLondonandNewYork,Viennahascultureasitstrumpcard（王牌）.Whether

yourpassionisart,musicorhistory,Viennahassomethingforyou.TheKunsthistorischesnationalmuseumhasone

ofEurope'slargestartcollections,includingtheworld'slargestcollectionofworksbyDutchartistPieterBruegel

theElder.Meanwhile,theHofburgImperialPalaceisfreetoexplore.MusicloverscanenjoyVienna*sAnnual

SummerNightConcert,playedbytheViennaPhilhannonic（爱乐乐团）.Itattractsover10.000people-whatelse

canyouexpectfromthehomeofMozart?

Environment

Aswellasbeingaculturalmecca（胜地）,Vienna'senvironmentareworld-class.Thecityhasmanygreenareas,

suchastheNeueDonauhikingtail,andanaveragePM2.5levelofjust18,whichisfarbelowtheinternational

standard,accordingtotheWHO.

Infrastructure

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Thiswas,inpart,achievedbyVienna'stransportsystem.In2013thegovernmentintroducedtheeuro-a-day

systemtogetmorepeopletouseregionaltrains.Itworked!Overhalfoftheresidentshaveannualtravelcards,

makingitbothreliableandcheapbyEuropeanstandards.Nottomention,youcantakeatramandgetupclosewith

Vienna'sarchitecturallandmarks,liketheBurgTheatreandSt.Stephan'sCathedral.AustrianauthorKarlKraus

famouslysaid,“ThestreetsofViennaarepavedwithculture,thestreetsofothercitieswithasphalt（柏油）Soif

you'relookingforasafeculturalcity,Viennacouldbeyourbestchoice.

1.WherecanamusiclovergoinVienna?

A.TotheKunsthistorischesNationalMuseum.B.TotheHofburgImperialPalace.

C.TotheVienna'sAnnualSummerNightConcert.D.TotheSt.Stephan'sCathedral.

2.WhatcanweknowaboutViennaaccordingtothepassage?

A.Viennawasawardedasoneoftheworld's"mostlivable“citiesforthefirsttime.

B.Viennaisoneofthepopularcitieswhicharefullofculturalatmosphere.

C.ThePM2.5levelinViennaisjustabovetheinternationalstandard.

D.PeoplecanvisitVienna'sarchitecturallandmarksbyusingregionaltrains.

3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Viennaisanancientcitywithmodemfacilities.

B.PeoplecanexperiencedifferentlifestylesinVienna.

C.Viennaisnotasdevelopedasothercities.

D.Viennaisadestinationforpeoplewholikeculture.

【答案】l.c2,B3.D

【解析】

【分析】

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这是一篇说明文。主要通过文化，环境和基础设施三个方面介绍了维也纳的旅游观光价值和可由游览性。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句"MusicloverscanenjoyVienna*sAnnualSummerNightConcert,playedby

theViennaPhilharmonic（爱乐乐团）.”可知，音乐爱好者可以欣赏维也纳的年度夏夜音乐会，故选C项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。由第一段句子“Themagazineagainrateditasoneoftheworld's"mostlivable"cities.“可知，杂

志再次将它评为世界上“最宜居”的城市之一，不是第一次，故A选项错误。由第三段最后一句“…anaverage

PM2.5levelofjust18,whichisfarbelowtheinternationalstandard...”可知，平均pm2.5水平只有18,远低于

国际标准，而C选项说高于国际标准，故C选项错误。根据第四段句子”...youcantakeatramandgetupclose

withVienna'architecturallandmarks...”可知，你还可以乘坐有轨电车，近距离欣赏维也纳的标志性建筑，而

不是直接乘坐有轨电车进入标志性建筑内参观，故D选项错误。由第二段句子“Viennahascultureasitstrump

card（王牌）.”和最后一段句子“'ThestreetsofViennaarepavedwithculture,thestreetsofothercitieswithasphalt

（柏油）.'Soifyou'relookingforasafeculturalcity,Viennacouldbeyourbestchoice”可知，文化为维也纳的王牌，

维也纳的街道都铺有文化，即到处都充满着文化的气息，故选B项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。由第四段句子“'ThestreetsofViennaarepavedwithculture,thestreetsofothercitieswithasphalt

（柏油）「Soifyou'relookingforasafeculturalcity,Viennacouldbeyourbestchoice”可知,维也纳街道到处铺

满文化，如果你正在寻找一个安全的文化城市，维也纳可能是你的最佳选择。可推知喜欢感受文化的人可

以去维也纳。其他三个选项文章均未提及，故选D项。

【点睛】阅读理解中，三选一类型的题需要浏览选项，找出各个选项的关键词，然后分别定位到文章中的

句子，进行比较，确定答案。例如本文中的第二题，mostlivable,fullofculture,PM2.5,architecturallandmarks

分别为四个选项的关键词，定位到文章中答案也就迎刃而解了。

B

Itwasquiteinterestingtowatch<6BoracayIceman^^broadcastingonlineduringhistriptotheCrocodileParkin

DavaoCity,thePhilippines,withhundredsofviewersinteractingwithhiminreal-timeHewasaskinglocalsabout

uniquePhilippinefruitorbuyingsomesouvenirsforhisaudience,playingtheroleofanonlinetourguide.

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TheCOVID-19hasledtoahugerecessioninthetourismindustrybutlivesteamingmightbeawayforthe

tourismmarkettoseekfbrsurvival.Manywell-knownmuseumsandhistoricalsitesinChinahaverolledoutaseries

ofonlineexhibitionsandlivestreamingforpeopletrappedathome.Thoughtravellingseemstobehardtorealize

recently,livestreamingprovidesanoutletforpeople'sfreetime.

ZangYuegoesby46BoracayIceman^^becauseheownedatravelagencyandaspaatBoracay,oneofPhilippine

toptouristattractionsandamongtheareasthatwerehitbytheCOVID-19.HestartedlivestreamingonFliggy,a

travelappofChina'sTaobao,fromFebruary23sincetheCOVID-19.“Oneofmybusinesspartnersintroducedme

tolivestreamingandtherewillbeapaymentfromtheapp,“Zangrecalled“sowhynottry?”

Chinahasbecomeoneofthelargestmarketplaceforlivestreamingwithalargenumberofusersbeingableto

makeprofitablecareersfromit.Whetheritisarealtourdisplayortripexperiencesharingwithviewersathome,the

interactivityoflivestreamingisagreatwaytokeepconsumersinterested.

ZangcurrentlyplannedoneortwolivestreamingadayduringhistriptoDavaoCity.Nowhehasover2000

followers."HopefullythetourismmarketwillgetbetteraroundJulyandAugustwhenthesummervacationcomes,“

hewishes.

4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplainthedefinitionofbroadcastingonline.

B.Toanalyzetheimportanceofbroadcastingonline.

C.Toleadintothetopicoflivestreaming.

D.Topromoteabrandofanice-cream.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"recession“inParagraph2mean?

A.declineB.increaseC.advantageD.change

6.WhatdoweknowaboutZangYue?

A.Heranatravelagencyandaspaabroad.

B.Heintroducedhisbusinesspartnertolivestreaming.

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C.HestartedlivestreamingaboutCOVID-19.

D.Hislivestreamingattractedlessthan2000fans.

7.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperisthepassagelikelytoappear?

A.Sports.B.Economy.C.Health.D.Politics.

【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B

【解析】

本文为一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会；主题语境的内容为直播。文章主要介绍了COVID-19导致旅游

业严重衰退，但直播可能是旅游市场的一种生存方式。中国许多著名的博物馆和历史遗迹为被困在家的人

们推出了一系列在线展览和直播。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。本题题干为：第一段的作用是什么？第一段中作者用“长滩岛冰人”在菲律宾达沃市鳄鱼公园

在线广播与成百上千的观众互动和询问当地人独特的菲律宾水果或买一些纪念品给他的听众，并担任在线

导游的角色。下文讲到了COV1D-19导致旅游业严重衰退直播可能是旅游市场的一种生存方式。由此可知

作者用这个例子来引出本文的话题。A项：解释一下网上广播的定义。B项:分析网上广播的重要性。C项：

引入直播的话题。D项：推销一种冰激凌的品牌。故选C项。

【5题详解】

词义猜测题。由第二段中的TheCOVID-19hasledtoahugerecessioninthetourismindustrybutlivesteaming

mightbeawayforIhetourismmarkettoseekforsurvival.可知COVID-19导致旅游业严重衰退，但直播可能

是旅游市场的一种生存方式。根据文章中的对比可知，这里recession为“后退；不景气”之意，所以才有

寻求生存。故选A项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。有第三段ZangYuegoesby"BoracayIceman"becauseheownedatravelagencyandaspaat

Boracay一句可知臧悦被称为“长滩冰人”，因为他在长滩拥有一家旅行社和一家水疗中心。由此可知答案

为A项：他在国外经营一家旅行社和一家水疗中心。B项：他介绍他的商业伙伴进行直播。C项：他开始

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直播COVID-19。D项：他的直播吸引了不到2000个粉丝。这三项均与文章意思不符。故答案为A项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题,文章讲解的是COVID-19导致旅游业严重衰退，但直播可能是市场经济复苏的一种生存方式。

中国许多著名的博物馆和历史遗迹为被困在家的人们推出了一系列在线展览和直播。可知文章最可能出现

在报纸的经济的部分。A项：体育；B项：经济；C项：健康；D项：政治。故答案为B项。

RecentdecadeshaveseenChinamakemanyscientificachievements.Oneofthemisthedevelopmentofits

spaceprogram.ChinesepeoplehavegonetospacewhileChineserobotshavelandedonthemoonandsoonwill

reachMars.

OnOct15,2003,thenationcarriedoutitsfirstmannedspacemission,sendingYangLiweiona21-hour

journeyaroundEarthintheShenzhouVspacecraft.Chineseastronautshavetraveledmorethan46million

kilometersin

spaceandconductedmorethan100experiments.Accordingtogovernmentplans,thenationwillstartputting

togetheritsfirstmannedspacestationaround2020.Themulti-modulestation,namedTiangong,orHeavenlyPalace,

isexpectedtobeupandrunningby2022.Ifsplannedtohaveausefullifeofabout15years,saystheChina

AcademyofSpaceTechnology.

Chinahaslaunchedfourlunarprobes（探测器）since2007.Thelatestandmostremarkable,theongoing

Chang'e4mission,isthefirstattemptbyanynationtoobservethemoon'sfarside,whichneverfacesEarth.Inearly

December2018,theChang'e4roboticprobewasliftedatopaLongMarch3Brocket,makingasoftlandingonthe

moon'sfarsideonJan3.ThenextstepinChina'slunarexplorationagenda,theChang'e5mission,iscomingup.It

willlandarover（月球车）tocollectsoilsamplesandbringthembacktoEarth.Ifthemissionissuccessful,itwill

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makeChinathethirdnationtobringbacklunarsamples,aftertheUnitedStatesandRussia.

Now,Chinaaimstoexploredeepspace.MarswillbethekeyconcentrationofChina'sfuturedeep-spaceplans.

Researchersarepreparingforthecountry'sfirstexploratorymissiontotheredplanet,scheduledfor2020.

AccordingtotheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA),China'sfirstMartianprobewilllookattheMartian

soil,environment,atmosphereandwater.InthenextpartofChina'sMarsprogram,alargerprobewillgotothered

planetaround2030,accordingtoWuYanhua,deputydirectorofthespaceadministration.

8.WhatdoweknowabouttheHeavenlyPalace?

A.It'sthesecondmannedspacestationforChina.

B.Itisexpectedtobeupandrunningby2020.

C.Itisplannedtobeusedabout15years.

D.Ithasconductedmorethan100experiments.

9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutChina'sLunarexploration?

A.Chinahaslaunchedfourlunarprobessince2007.

B.Chang'e4softlylandedonthemoon'sfarside.

CChang'e5willlandarovertocollectsoilsamples.

D.Chinahasbecomethethirdnationtobringbacklunarsamples.

10.China'sfuturedeep-spaceplansmainlyfocuson.

A.mannedspacemissionB.lunarprobes

C.spacestationD.Marsexploration

11.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?

A.ThedevelopmentofspaceprograminChina.

B.Chineserobotshavelandedonthemoon'sfarside.

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C.Chinahasmadegreatscientificachievements.

D.Chinaaimstoexploredeepspace.

【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是科学与技术，主题语境的内容为科技发展。文章介绍了近几十年来，中国

取得了许多科学成就。其中之一是太空计划的发展。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。本题题干为：我们对天宫了解多少？根据文章第二段“Themulti-modulestation,named

Tiangong,orHeavenlyPalace,isexpectedtobeupandrunningby2022.It'splannedtohaveausefullifeofabout

15years,"这个名为天宫的多模块空间站预计将于2022年建成并投入使用。计划使用寿命为15年可知正

确答案为C项：天宫计划使用过15年；根据文章中^thenationwillstartputtingtogetheritsfirstmannedspace

stationaround2020”可知A项（这是中国的第二个载人空间站）错误；根据文中uThemulti-modulestation,

namedTiangong,orHeavenlyPalace,isexpectedtobeupandrunningby2022.”这个名为天宫的多模块空间

站预计将于2022年建成并投入使用。可知B项错误；根据本段中uOnOct15,2003,thenationcarriedoutits

firstmannedspacemission,sendingYangLiweiona21-hourjourneyaroundEarthintheShenzhouVspacecraft.

Chineseastronautshavetraveledmorethan46millionkilometersinspaceandconductedmorethan100

experiments.”可知搭载神舟五号飞船中中国宇航员进行了100多次实验。可知D项错误；故选C项。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。有第三段“Chinahaslaunchedfourlunarprobes（探测器）since2007.”可知A项正确；根据第

三段“theChang'e4roboticprobewasliftedatopaLongMarch3Brocket,makingasoftlandingonthemoon'sfar

sideonJan3"（1月3日，嫦娥四号机器人探测器搭载长征三号乙火箭在月球背面软着陆）可知B项正确。

根据"theChang*e5mission,iscomingup.Itwilllandarover（月球车）tocollectsoilsamplesandbringthem

backtoEarth可知C项：嫦娥5号将登陆月球车收集土壤样本,正确；根据“Ifthemissionissuccessful,it

willmakeChinathethirdnationtobringbacklunarsamples,aftertheUnitedStatesandRussia.”可知D项：中

国已经成为第三个带回月球样品的国家，与原文不符。故选D项。

【10题详解】

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细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“Now,Chinaaimstoexploredeepspace.Marswillbethekeyconcentrationof

China*sfuturedeep-spaceplans."(现在，中国的目标是探索外太空。火星将是中国未来深空计划的重点)

可知正确答案为D项：火星探测。A项：载人航天任务；B项：月球探测器；C项：空间站。均和文章不

符。故选D项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近几十年来，中国在太空探索中取得的许多科学成就。故正

确选项为A项：中国航天事业的发展。故选A项。

D

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TohelpyoungpeoplelikeWisniewski,theNationalHealthService(NHS),isplanningtosetthecountry*sfirst

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