初中英语介词省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

preposition

介词河南省商城县观庙一中穆正东1/47介词是一个用来表示词与词,词与句之间关系词。在句中不能单独作句子成份。介词后面普通有名词、代词或相当于名词其它词类，短语或从句作它宾语。介词含义2/47什么是介词？它作用是什么？1.Lookat

me.()2.Hegoestoschoolby

bike.()3.Heisinterestedin

drawing.()4.Thebookisonthedesk.()代词名词

动名词介词:通惯用在_________、_______、_______

之前，表示某个人、事物/东西、事件与另一个之间_________。名词代词名词动名词关系3/47介词主要分类：1.atthecinema,inthehospital__________2.Writewithapen,gobybus___________3.insummer,onSeptemper1st___________4.bytheway,atlast,intheend___________地点介词方式介词时间介词固定搭配4/47一.地点介词1.atthevillage,athome,atthecornerofthestreet..______________________2.inShanghai,inthecountry,inAsia,intheworld,

inspace…

_______________________3.inthebox,onthechair,underthedesk,nexttoKate,ontherightofLucy,infrontofthehouse,behindthedoor…_________________________表示小地方用at表示大地方用in表示不一样地方用详细不一样介词5/47填上正确地点介词：1.在广州_______Guangzhou2.在电影院_______thecinema3.在湖边_______thelake4.在海里_______thesea5.树上苹果apples______thetree6.书上小鸟birds______thetree7.在天空上______thesky8.在教室外_________theclassroom9.在农场上________thefarm10.在街道上________thestreetinatbyinonininoutsideonin6/47二.方式介词1.writewith

apen,cutwithaknife,lockwithalock…____________________2.seewithoureyes,dowithourhands,smellwithournoses,eatwithourmouths…____________________3.inEnglish,inFrench,inyourownwords,

inthreelanguage…_____________________4.inaloudvoice,inalowvoice…___________________5.inthisway,bythismeans…___________________使用工具用介词with使用器官用介词with使用语言用介词in使用声音用介词in使用方法用介词in或by7/476.bybike,bybus,bytrain,byplane,byship,bycar…(onfoot)byland陆路，bysea水路，byair空运

_________________

但：onthebike,onthebus,onthetrain,ontheplane,ontheship,inthecar,inink…7.①Shanghailies___theeastofChina.()②Japanlies_____theeastofChina.()③Hubeilies_____thenorthofHunan.()8.inareadcoat,thegirlinyellow,theboyinwhite…__________________9.lieinbed,afterawhile,inthesun（在阳光下）

underthesun（天下，世界上；到底，终究）使用交通工具用byintoon在中国内部在中国外部两地接壤表示穿衣服用in固定搭配()8/47三.时间介词1.atsixo’clock,atnoon,atthattime,athalfpastthree,atmid-night…________________2.onSunday,onNewYear’sDay,onMarch21st,

onmybirthday…_________________3.inthreedays,inaweek,inamonth,inMay,in1998…_____________________4.inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening_____________________

但：onthemorningofMay1st5.atnight=_________night6.intheday=inthe________表示点钟或详细一点时间用at表示在某一天用on表示大于一天时间用in在早上/下午/黄昏用inintheday-time9/47later单独使用可用未来时或过去时态Theotherswilljoinuslater。lateron以后，再过些时候7.详细时间用不一样介词:在放假期间_____theholiday在圣诞节期间____Christmas三天之后threedays______（普通过去时）

____threedays（普通过去时）

____threedays（普通未来时）duringlateratafterin注意10/47四、其它介词:…

,表示数量oftwokilosoffish作为assuchas关于about,onabookonIndia目标,原因,对于for

Shehurriedhomeforherhomework像….

like…Sheislikehermother.离…off

Lucyfelloffherbikeandhurtherleftleg.11/47五、习惯搭配：1)介词与名词:intheend. bytheway.duringtheday. forthefirsttimeintime atthebeginningofinahurry onshowtoone’ssurprise indanger12/472).名词与介词:thekeyto… aletterfor…aticketfor….avisitto….thedifferencebetween….and…3).动词与介词：talkaboutworryaboutlookafter laughatarriveat/inhearfromoperateon apologizetoagreewith gothrough13/474）形容词与介词：

begoodat beexcitedat bedifferentfrom bereadyfor belatefor besorryfor beinterestedin becarefulof beproudof befullof bekeenon beharmfulto bekindto bepleasedwith beangrywith bebusywith

14/475）.动介词组与动副词组动介：goovergetondependonoperateoncallonjoininarrivein动副thinkoverturnonputontakeoffseeoffgetinhandin15/476）轻易犯错地方：Weshallbeverybusywith(in)June.Henrywaswaitingfor(at)thebusstop.Iamusedtowork(working)hardWearelookingforwardtosee(seeing)you.16/47六、易混同介词辨析1、after/in皆可表示时间在……之后，其区分为：

after①.表示“在某点时间之后”，用于未来时。如：

We’llgooutforawalkaftersupper.

②.表示“一段时间之后”，用于过去时。如：

Mymothercamehomeafterhalfanhour.

in表示“一段时间之后”，用于未来时。如：

We’llgotoschoolintwoweeks.17/472、between/among1)between

多指二者之间。如：What'sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?2)among

指三者或三者以上同类事物之间，在或笼统一群人或一些物之中，表示“在……中间，在……之中”。如：Theyoungpeoplelivedandworkedamongtheworkers.

注意：我们能够说betweenyouandme，但不能说betweenyouandI，因为between是介词。3)between还能够用来指三个或三个以上人或物每两个之间。三个或三个以上名词用and连接，前面用between，而不用among。如：Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthethreeofthem.Switzerlandlies_______France,Ger-many,AustriaandItaly.between18/473、besides/exceptWehaveseenthecrocodilebesidesLiFang（除……之外，还有）全部计算在内WeareallChineseexceptTominourclass.（除……之外，不计算在内）—Allthestudentsinourclasswenttothecinema___Kangkang,why?—Becausehehadabadcold.A．ExceptB．besidesC．BesideD．without19/47【解析】except“除……之外”，排除……在外意思；besides“除……之外”，包含……在内；beside“在…旁边”；without“没有”。依据题意可知用except，故选A。1.

Weallpassedtheexam

Jenny(Jennypassedtoo)./Jenny(Jennydidn’tpass).2.Icandowait.3.WearehereMary.besidesexceptnothing

butallbut20/47over表示与某物不接触“正上方”，under与其相对，表示“正下方”。Theskyisoverourheads.天空在我们头顶上。Thecatisunderthetable.那只猫在桌子底下。above表示“在……上方”，“高于”；below与其相对，表示“在…下面”，“低于”。Thetemperaturewillstayabovezerointhedaytime，butatnightitwillfallbelowzeroagain.白天气温将保持在零度以上，但在晚上又将降到零度以下。on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一上面。Theyputsomeflowersontheteacher’sdesk.他们把一些花放在讲桌上。4、over,above,on21/47cross作动词用，“穿过，越过”意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与goacross同义。比如：Becarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.过马路时要小心。Cross(Goacross)thebridge,andyouwillseeabigbuiding.过这座桥你就会看到一栋大楼。cross作名词用是“十字架，十字形饰物”意思。across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。比如：Goacrosstheroad,youwillfindthepostofficeonyourleft.横过这条公路，你会发觉邮局就在你左边。5、cross，across,through22/47through是介词，“在...之中，透过”意思，常与go,walk等动词连用，表示“穿越，横穿”等意思。主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等。

比如：Thetwofriendswerewalkingthroughtheforest.这两个朋友正沿着森林走。

Thesunlightcomesthroughtheglass.阳光透过玻璃。

1.Wemust________theroadverycarefully.2.Beforegoing_________theroad,youshouldlookleftfirstandthenright.3.Itrytogetintotheroom________thewindowbecauseIcan’topenthedoor.4.Theydrove_______thestreetquickly,butthepolicecaughtthematlast.5.It’sdangeroustoswim________theriver.6.Go_________thebridgeandyouwillseethestation.crossacrossacrossacrossacrossthrough23/47infrontof

表示“在某人或某物前面”，在某个范围以外；inthefrontof

表示“在……前部”，在某个范围以内比如：Therearesometalltreesinfrontofthebuilding.在楼前有一些高树。Theteacherissittinginthefrontoftheclassroom.老师坐在教室前面

6、infrontof,inthefrontof24/47oninoverontoundertoacrossthrough

infrontofbehindbesidenearatintofrominthemiddleof25/477、above\over\on\below\underbelowunderBecareful,thereisaheavybox______yourhead.Thesunis_____themountainintheeast.Therearesomestamps_______thedesk.Thepositionhepointedtowas_______thesealevel.Thelittlemouseis_____thetable,soitisnoteasytofindit.overaboveonabove\belowunder26/47表示“延续一段时间”时，可用“for＋时间段”或“since＋过去时间点”，常与含延续动词完成时连用。

—Howlonghaveyoubeeninthiscity?

你在这座城市待了多久了？

—Fortenyears.十年。

MrSmithhaslivedheresince1998.

史密斯先生自从1998年就住在这。8、since,for27/47表示"在……上"时，不是都用"on"，有时须用in。在树上inthetree

用于指树上鸟、人等。onthetree用于指生长在树上叶子、果实。在墙上inthewall镶嵌在墙内，指窗户、门、钉子等。onthewall在墙表面之上，指地图、画像等。在报纸上inthenewspaper用于指报上内容。onthenewspaper用于指放在报纸上东西，如眼镜等。9、in,on28/47bemadeof

＋从成品上看得出材料bemadefrom＋从成品上看不出原料bemadein＋产地bemadeby＋制造者bemadeupof由…组成，由…组成bemadeinto被制成…ItissaidthatthiskindofclothismadeofsilkanditismadeinChina.听说这种布料是由丝绸制成而且由中国制造。Thiswineismadefromgrapes.这酒是葡萄酿。ThismachineismadebyUncleWang.这机器是王伯伯制造。Thearticleismadeupoffourparts.这篇文章有四部分组成。Flour（面粉）canbemadeintobread.10、bemadeof、bemadefrom、bemadein、bemadeby、bemadeupof、bemadeinto29/47beusedfordoingsth.=beusedtodosth.意为“被用来做……”。介词for表示用途，后接名词或动词­ing形式。

beusedby

意为“被…使用”，介词by后面接动作执行者(宾语)。

beusedas

意为“被用作……”，介词as表示“作为”，

beusedtodoingsth.意为“习惯于做……”，to是介词。

Thestampisusedforsendingletters.邮票是用来邮信。

Englishiswidelyusedbytravellersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.英语被全世界旅行者和商人广泛使用。

Englishisusedasthesecondlanguageinmanycountries.

英语在许多国家被看成第二语言。

Iamusedtogettingupearlyeverymorning.我习惯早晨早起。11、beusedfordoingsth、beusedtodosth、beusedby、beusedas、beusedtodoingsth.30/4712、其它混同词组inthewall（在墙表面）

onthewall（在墙内部）goondoingsthgoontodosthgoonwithsth接着做同一件事继续做不一样事接着做相同事31/47befamiliarwithsb./sth.（人）熟悉某人/某物befamiliartosb.…（物）为某人所熟悉bestrictwithsb.对某人严格要求bestrictinsth.严格对待某事intheair在空中ontheair播出shoutto呼叫，向…喊shoutat对…吼，责骂intheend＝atlast＝finally最终bytheendof到…末止attheendof在…结束时，在…末端，32/47beknowntosb.为某人所知

beknownas作为…而知名，被叫作…beknownfor因…而知名bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusydoingsth.忙着做某事aheadoftime提前，超前

sometime某时

sometime某段时间，某一时期

sometimes=attimes有时

sometimes许屡次，许多倍

atatime=eachtime每次

atonetime=once曾经33/4713、练一练

在…岁时___theageof

有时___times/sometimes

开始,在…起初___thebeginningof

此刻___the/thismoment=now

在…结尾,在…尽头___theendof比如____example=such____

慌忙地___ahurry

到…时候____thetime=when

从…到…_____…___…

在户外,在野外___theopenair

atatatatatforinbyfromtoinas34/47

相邻，靠近next___遍布all_____未来___thefuture

因为,幸亏thanks___

过了一会儿_______awhile在地球上___theearth

到底、终究___earth

下课/放学/下班后______class/school/work

展出___show值日___duty

独立,单独all___oneself

令(某人)诧异___one’ssurprisetointoafteronafterononbytooveron35/47arrive___/___aplacefind___（发觉，找到）geton/along_____beafraid__sth.hand___(上交）hand___(分发）beangry____sb.beangry____sth.bestrict____sb.bestrict__sth.beready___befull__=befilled_____begood___=dowell____bebusy_____sth.belate___beinterested__eat___give___(放弃）grow___

inatwithupinforatforupupoutofwithwithofinatoutwithinwithin36/47

hearfrom(sb)ringup

holdon1.继续;坚持;保持2.(打电话时)等一等

hurryupstopsb.from

doingsth.knockat/ontakeofflaughattakepartinlistentothinkaboutlookafter/at/for/up/outtryontryouttakecareofturnon/offmakefriendswithwaitforpayforwakeupputon/up/offwritedownworryaboutmakeprogresswith37/471.Hisfatherisveryangry_________him

hisstudy.A.at，withB.with，atC.to，aboutD.about，to2.Paperismade_________wood.A.fromB.ofC.byD.in3.Thebasketisfull_________apples.A.withB.ofC.inD.by4.Katecan'tcome.Let'saskweiHuainstead______her.A.ofB.forC.toD.with5.Theheavyrainstoppedme___gettingtoschoolontime.A.toB.fromC.onD.forBABAB38/476.LiLida'sparentsareveryproud_________theirson.A.toB.inC.forD.of7.Thefoxlookedup_________acocksitting

thetree.A.to，inB.at,inC.for，onD.at，on8.Pleasewait_________thebusstopnearmyhome.A.forB.atC.nextD.infront9.Whereisyourbikemade_________?A.inB.fromC.ofD./10.Whentheredlightison，it'sdangeroustogo_____thestreet.A.acrossB.throughC.crossD.toDBBDA39/4711.Heisrich_____unhappy.A.orB.andC.soD.but12.Takearest______youfinishthework.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while13.Youcan'tpasstheexam,______youstudyhard.A.ifB.ofC.unlessD.and14.______ourteamtriedbest,____wefailed.A.Though,butB.Because,soC.If,andD.Though,/15.Don'tgetoff_______thebusstops.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.soDBDCC40/4716.Thereisagoodplay______TVthisevening.A.onB.byC.in17.Howfarisit____Guangzhou____Beijing?

A.from…toB.from…forC.away…to

18.Japanlies_____theeastofChina.A.toB.inC.on19.Mr.BrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___towweeks.A.forB.afterC.in

20.A:Whattimedidyougettherethismorning?B:____eight.A.InB.AtC.On21.Weallagree_____you.Let’sstartatonce.

A.toB.forC.withAAACBC41/4722.Myauntarrivedhere____awarmspringmorning.

A.inB.atC.on23.A:Whendidyourunclearrive______China?B:HegottoGuangzhou_____themorningofthe16thofApril.A.in,onB.in,inC.at,on24.Hawaiiisfamous_____itsbeautifulbeaches.A.inB.forC.with25.Wemuststopchildrenfrom______withfire.A.playB.playedC.playingCABC42/4726.Look,Tinaiswaiting________thebusstop.

A．forB．atC．inD．To

27.Whatwouldyouliketodo_____suchabadboy?

A．with

B．onC．at

D．in

28.Theyoungmanwalked_____theforestandcametoabigriveratlast.

A．on

B．over

C．through

D．across

29.Thefood__mycountryisquitedifferent__thathere.

A．in;likeB．to;from

C．from;to

D．in;from

30.Taiwanisabeautifulislandandit's____theeastofFujian.

A．inB．onC．to

BACDC43/4731.—Itissaidthatanewzoowillbebuiltinourtown.

—I'm____it.Zoosareterribleforanimals.

A