Unit1ScienceFiction周测试卷（二）高二英语下学期周测培优练（人教版2019选择性）

人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit1ScienceFiction周测试卷（二）满分：100分测试时间：40分钟。品词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)1.It's(荒谬的)tobelievethattheearthgoesroundthemoon.

2.Themanagertoldmehewouldinformmeaheadoftimeincasehehadtocancelour________(约会).

3.TheWhiteHouseonSunday(宣布)astateofemergencyinresponsetotheshutdownofoneofthelargestpipelinesintheUnitedStates.

4.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedto(解雇)him.

5.EverymonthMr.Blanksetsaside100dollarsoutofhis(薪水)forhisoldage.

6.Fromanimalswegetsuchmaterialsaswool,silk,________(皮革)andfurs.7.Insteadofmakingprogress,myworkactuallyseemstobegoing________(向后).8.Themountainsandvillagesbecamea________(朦胧的)fairylandafterrainhitthisvillageinZhangjiajiecity.9.Therewasnotapwater,noelectricity.Wehadto________(去取)waterfrommorethanakilometeraway.10.Motherputsperfumeonher________(手绢)tomakeitsmellpleasant.11．EverymonthMr.Blanksetsaside100dollarsoutofhis(工资)forhisoldage.12．Thesurveyuseda(随机的)sampleoftwothousandpeopleacrosstheMidwest.13．Sheworkedhardandwassoonpromotedfroma(女推销员)toamanager.14．Johnhasastrongdesiretobeeawriterofthescience(虚构的故事)．15．Evenaftertraining,Smithstillcan'tdohisworkpetently,sohemaybe(解雇)soon.单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)Wereceivedseveralanswers,andwepickedoneatr______.Itwasalonelyislandandthegroundwasstillvery_____(mud)whenwearrived.Thefrightening_____(explode)hadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross.Suchahardcore_____(declare)ofhisattitudewonwidespreadapplauseamonginternetusers.That'sahardtruth—butit'snoexcusefor________(inactive).Thereisnotasharp________(divide)betweenthesetwoactivities.ThroughthathotsummerMartinandLeora________(labour),painting.We________(stun)bythesuddennewsthathehadwonthechampionship.Thismayhavebeenanimprovement,but"breakthrough"wasan_______（overstate）.Thisconditionrequires_______(urge)treatment.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分，满分20分)AWhenwethinkofpaper,wethinkofnewspapersandbooks.Buttherearemanyotheruses.Onlyhalfoftheworld’spaperisusedforbooksandnewspapers.Paperisverygoodforkeepingyouwarm.Youhaveperhapsseenhomelessmenasleeponalargenumberofnewspapers.InFinland,itissometimes40℃inwinter.Thefarmerswearpaperboots(靴子)inthesnow.Nothingcouldbewarmer.Eachyear,moreandmorethingsaremadeofpaper.Wehavehadpapercupsandplatesforalongtime.Butnowwehearthatchairs,tables,andevenbedscanbemadeofpaper.Withpaperbootsandshoes,youcanwearpaperhats,paperdresses,andpaperraincoats.Whenyouhaveusedthemonce,youthrowthemawayandbuynewones.Thelatestuseofpaperseemstobepaperhouses.Thesearenotsmallhousesforchildrentoplayin,butreal,bighousesforpeopletolivein.Youcanbuyahousewiththreeroomsforabout500dollars.Youcanputitupbyyourselfinafewhours,andyoucanuseitforaboutfiveyears.1.Onlyhalfoftheworld’spaperisusedto___________.A.buildhouses B.helpthehomelesspeopleC.makechairstablesandbeds D.print(印刷)newspapersandbooks2.ThefarmersinFinlandwearpaperbootsinwinter___________.A.tofeelmuchbetter B.togoforawalkC.tokeeptheirfeetwarm D.tosavealotofmoney3.Longbeforewebegantousepapertomakechairs,tablesandbeds,___________.A.wehadalreadyhadpapercupsandplatesB.wedidn’thavepapercupsandpaperplatesC.wecouldwearpaperhatsandpaperdressesD.wecouldbuypaperbootsandshoesinpapershops4.Thelatestuseofpaperseemstobepaperhouses.Thesehousesare___________.A.notexpensiveandeasytobuildupB.madeonlyfortherichpeopleinChinaC.bigandstrongenoughtoliveformanyyearsD.madeforchildrentoplayinorforhomelessmentoliveinBAnyonewho’striedtosleeponahotsummernightknowshowharditistosleepwhenthetemperatureisrising.Soit’snosurprisethatglobalwarmingislikelytocostpeoplemoreandmoresleepastemperaturesaroundtheworldrise.AnewstudywrittenbyKeltonMinorshowsthatbytheendofthiscentury,peoplecouldbesubjectedtoatleasttwoweeksofshortsleepeachyearbecauseofhightemperaturesdrivenbyglobalwarming.“Thesleeplossperdegreeofwarmingwastwiceaslargeamongtheelderlyparedtoyoungerormiddleagedadults,threetimeslargerforpeoplelivinginlowerinecountriesparedtohighinecountries,andsignificantlylargerforfemalesthanmales,”Minorsaid.“Importantly,wefoundsomeevidencethatthetemperaturesensitivityofsleepinlateadulthoodmayincreasebetweentheagesof60and70,withthemagnitude(程度)ofseeplossperdegreeofwarmingincreasingfurtherforthoseolderthan70,”Minoradded，Minorsadthesefindingsarebasedondata(数据)fromafistofitskind“planetnaturalexperiment”inwhichmorethan47.600peoplefrom68countiesworeseeptackingwatchesfromSeptember2015throughOctober2017.Minorandhispartnersthenparedthe7.4millionsleeprecordsthey’dgatheredagainstlocalweatherandclimatedata,toseehowheatinfluencedtheirsleep.Datashowthatonverywarmnights—30℃orhigher—sleepreducedanaverageofjustover14minutes,andthelikelihoodofgettingfewerthansevenhoursofseepinceasedastemperaturesrise.Generally,peoplesleptlaterandwakeupearlierduringhotweather,researcherssad.Theyalsofoundthatpeoplealreadylivinginwarmerclimatesexperiencegreatersleeplossastemperaturesrise,andthatpeopledon’tsuittemperaturecausedsleeplossintheshortterm.SoMinor’steamwillstudyhowtomakepeoplebetterusedtotemperaturecausedsleeplossintheshortterm.5.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Toleadinthetopicofthetext.B.Toprovidesomeadvice.C.Tomakeaparison，D.Togiveanexample.6.Whydoestheauthormention“planetnaturalexperiment”inparagraph5?A.Tofindthewayonhowtofacethehightemperature.B.Topresentthefactthatthetemperatureisrising.C.Togivethesuggestionofchangingtemperature.D.Toexplainthesourceoftheresearchdata.7.WhatwillMinorandhisteamstudynext?A.Theresultoftemperaturecausedsleeploss.B.Theprocessoftemperaturecausedsleeploss.C.Thewaytosuittemperaturecausedsleeploss.D.Theinfluenceoftemperaturecausedsleeploss.8.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Globalwarmingcouldbearealproblem，B.Globalwarmingcouldaffecthumanhealth.C.Globalwarmingcoulddrivemoreterriblesleep.D.Globalwarmingcouldmeanlesssleepforpeople.四、完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Aboutayearago,mydepartmentinvitedmetosubmita5minutevideoclipaboutmyresearchlaboratorytobescreenedatasecondaryschoolsummercamp.Withmany____1____undermybelt(已获得的)afterfiveyearsasamaininvestigator,Iwasquite____2____aboutgettingthis____3____.Threesecondsinto____4____myselfonmyphoneinmyoffice,IrealizedthatIhadbeentoo____5____.Ihadtopress‘Pause’____6____Icouldn’thelplookingaroundtheroom.Andwhilewatchingmyselfoncamera,Icouldn’tobtaintheexcitementIbroughttotheclassroom—allmy____7____trainedteachingmethoddidn’tworkwellforavideoclip.Admittingthatmyactingcareerhad____8____awall,Idecidedto____9____toadirectingroleandaskedmygraduatestudentstohelpmetofilmandpresentthevideo.The5minuteclip____10____taking2hourstofinish,butitwassowellreceivedbytheaudiencethatit____11____metocreateanaccountonBilibili,oneoftheleadingvideosharingwebsitesinChina.Igotmylabto____12____makingshortfilmsinChineseonthemaintopicsofour____13____,whichincludedigitalfabrication(数字制造)inarchitectureandadaptivestructuresthatcanrespondtostimuli(刺激物).InthenineorsomonthssinceIcreatedthat____14____,ourlabvideoshaveattractedmorethan20,000subscribersandreceivednearly3million____15____,mainlyinChina.1.A.students B.experiences C.cameras D.ments2.A.curious B.nervous C.confident D.cautious3.A.cut B.posted C.passed D.done4.A.filming B.watching C.reminding D.calling5.A.anxious B.optimistic C.active D.hard6.A.unless B.though C.because D.until7.A.badly B.newly C.easily D.finely8.A.hit B.covered C.destroyed D.built9.A.stick B.react C.take D.switch10.A.setabout B.endedup C.putoff D.wenton11.A.invited B.taught C.motivated D.required12.A.enjoy B.admit C.miss D.continue13.A.research B.video C.school D.team14.A.website B.account C.architecture D.classroom15.A.gifts B.fans C.views D.prizes五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。TensofthousandsofChinese___1___(society)mediausershavebackedcallsfromthecountry’sstatemediatohaveitsartworks___2___(current)keptintheBritishMuseumreturned.Thetopic“TheBritishMuseumpleasereturnChineseantiquities(古董)”wasinresponse___3__apiecepublishedbyChinesestatemediaGlobalTimesthatcalledforallculturalrelicsintheBritishMuseum___4___(return)freeofcharge.TheBritishMuseumhasbeenunderpressureafteraround2,000itemswerereported“missing,___5___(steal)ordamaged”twoweeksago,___6___(lead)toaccusationsthatitwasfailingtofulfilitsdutyofcare.ThecallsfollowapiecepublishedbytheGlobalTimes___7___argued,“TheworldrenownedBritishmuseum___8___(fail)totakegoodcareof‘culturalpropertybelongingtoothercountries’uptotheseyears.”TheBritishMuseumlooksafter23,000Chineseobjects,fromtheNeolithic(新石器)agetothepresentday.Itisoneofthelargest___9___(collection)ofChineseantiquitiesintheWest.Thecollectionincludes____10___largerangeofpreciousitemssuchaspaintings,prints,jadeandbronzes.参考答案：词汇运用：1.absurd2.appointment3.declared4.dismiss5.salary6．leather7.backwards8.hazy9.fetch10.handkerchief11.salary12.random13.saleswoman14．fiction15.dismissed单句语法1.random2.muddy3explosion4.declaration5.inaction6.division7.laboured8.werestunned9.overstatement10.urgent阅读理解【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章讲述了除书报外，纸还有许多其他用途，如保暖、制作家具、服装及纸房子等，并且每年还有越来越多的东西使用纸制成。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Onlyhalfoftheworld’spaperisusedforbooksandnewspapers.(世界上只有一半的纸用于书籍和报纸。)”可知，世界上只有一半的纸用于印刷报纸和书籍。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“InFinland,itissometimes40℃

inwinter.Thefarmerswearpaperboots(靴子)inthesnow.Nothingcouldbewarmer.(在芬兰，冬天有时是零下40摄氏度。农民们在雪地里穿着纸靴。没有比这更温暖的了。)”可知，在冬天，农民们在雪地里穿着纸靴是为了给他们的脚保暖。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wehavehadpapercupsandplatesforalongtime.Butnowwehearthatchairs,tables,andevenbedscanbemadeofpaper.

(我们使用纸杯和盘子已经很长时间了。但是现在我们听说椅子、桌子甚至床都可以用纸做。)”可知，在我们开始用纸制作椅子，桌子甚至床前很久就已经使用纸制作纸杯和盘子了。故选A。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Youcanbuyahousewiththreeroomsforabout500dollars.Youcanputitupbyyourselfinafewhours,andyoucanuseitforaboutfiveyears.(你可以花大约500美元买一栋有三个房间的房子。你可以在几个小时内自己把它装起来，你可以用它大约五年。)”可知，用纸制作房子既便宜又容易，而且还可以持续5年。A选项“notexpensiveandeasytobuildup(不贵，容易建立)”与文章信息相符。故选A。【答案】5.A6.D7.C8.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。全球变暖可能意味着人们睡眠减少。【5题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Anyonewho’striedtosleeponahotsummernightknowshowharditistosleepwhenthetemperatureisrising.Soit’snosurprisethatglobalwarmingislikelytocostpeoplemoreandmoresleepastemperaturesaroundtheworldrise.(任何试图在炎热的夏夜入睡的人都知道，当气温上升时，入睡是多么困难。因此，随着全球气温的上升，全球变暖可能会使人们的睡眠时间越来越少，这并不奇怪。)”可知，全球变暖可能意味着人们睡眠减少，第一段的目的是引出文章的话题。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Minorsadthesefindingsarebasedondata(数据)fromafistofitskind“planetnaturalexperiment”inwhichmorethan47.600peoplefrom68countiesworeseeptackingwatchesfromSeptember2015throughOctober2017.(麦诺说，这些发现是基于首次“地球自然实验”的数据得出的，该实验从2015年9月到2017年10月，来自68个县的47600多人戴着渗水手表。)”可知，该句解释研究结果中的数据的来源，故提及“地球自然实验”主要是为了解释研究结果中的数据的来源。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“SoMinor’steamwillstudyhowtomakepeoplebetterusedtotemperaturecausedsleeplossintheshortterm.(因此，迈纳的团队将研究如何让人们在短期内更好地适应温度导致的睡眠不足。)”可知，Minor和他的团队将研究如何让人们在短期内更好地适应温度上升导致的睡眠不足的状况。故选C。【8题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Anyonewho’striedtosleeponahotsummernightknowshowharditistosleepwhenthetemperatureisrising.Soit’snosurprisethatglobalwarmingislikelytocostpeoplemoreandmoresleepastemperaturesaroundtheworldrise.(任何试图在炎热的夏夜入睡的人都知道，当气温上升时，入睡是多么困难。因此，随着全球气温的上升，全球变暖可能会使人们的睡眠时间越来越少，这并不奇怪。)”引出文章的话题——全球变暖可能意味着人们睡眠减少，接着全文详细解释该话题，可知文章主题是全球变暖可能意味着人们睡眠减少。故选D。完形填空【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A5.B6.C7.D8.A9.D10.B11.C12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者和自己的学生们一起拍摄关于自己从事的研究的短视频大受欢迎，这促使作者开通视频网站账号，继续拍摄关于研究的短视频，吸引了很多观众。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在担任了5年的主要调查员之后，我积累了很多经验，对完成这项工作非常有信心。A.students学生；B.experiences经验、经历；C.cameras照相机；D.ments评论，意见。根据“afterfiveyearsasamaininvestigator”可知，作者担任了5年的主要调查员之后，得到很多经验，故选B。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在担任了5年的主要调查员之后，我积累了很多经验，对完成这项工作非常有信心。A.curious好奇的；B.nervous紧张的；C.confident自信的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据上文“afterfiveyearsasamaininvestigator”可知，作者有丰富的经验，所以很自信，故选C。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在担任了5年的主要调查员之后，我积累了很多经验，对完成这项工作非常有信心。A.cut切，割；B.posted邮寄，张贴；C.passed经过，通过；D.done做，完成。根据上文“mydepartmentinvitedmetosubmita5minutevideoclip”可知，作者被邀请提交一个5分钟的视频剪辑，此处指作者有信心完成这项任务。getsth.done“让某事被做；完成某事”。故选D。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在办公室用拍摄自己三秒钟后，我意识到自己太乐观了。A.filming拍摄；B.watching观看；C.reminding提醒；D.calling叫，打。根据上文可知，作者被邀请剪辑一个视频，所以此处是用拍摄自己，本段最后一句中“askedmygraduatestudentstohelpmetofilmandpresentthevideo”也提到拍摄视频。故选A。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在办公室用拍摄自己三秒钟后，我意识到自己太乐观了。A.anxious焦虑的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.active活跃的；D.hard困难的。上文作者提到很有自信完成任务，下文“Andwhilewatchingmyselfoncamera,Icouldn’tobtaintheexcitementIbroughttotheclassroom”讲述了自己拍摄的困难，所以此处指作者意识到自己过于乐观了，故选B。【6题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不得不按“暂停”键，因为我忍不住环视一下房间。A.unless除非；B.though尽管；C.because因为；D.until直到。空后“Icouldn’thelplookingaroundtheroom”表示按暂停的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我看着镜头前的自己时，我无法获得我给教室带来的兴奋感——我所有精巧训练的教学方法在视频剪辑中都不起作用。A.badly恶劣地，非常；B.newly以新的方式；C.easily容易地；D.finely很好地，精巧地。根据上文“Icouldn’tobtaintheexcitementIbroughttotheclassroom”可知，作者给教室带来很多兴奋感，所以此处指精巧训练的教学方法，故选D。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认我的演艺事业碰壁了，我决定转行当导演，并请我的研究生们帮我拍摄并展示视频。A.hit撞击；B.covered覆盖；C.destroyed毁灭；D.built建造。根据后文“askedmygraduatestudentstohelpmetofilmandpresentthevideo”可知，作者请学生帮忙，所以此处指自己拍摄碰壁了，hitawall“停滞不前，碰壁”。故选A。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认我的演艺事业碰壁了，我决定转行当导演，并请我的研究生们帮我拍摄并展示视频。A.stick粘贴；B.react反应；C.take取，拿；D.switch转变。根据上文“whilewatchingmyselfoncamera”和空后的“directingrole”可知，作者由拍摄的角色转变为导演的角色，让学生帮忙拍。故选D。【10题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这段5分钟的视频最终花了2个小时才完成，但它受到了观众的热烈欢迎，这促使我在中国领先的视频分享网站之一哔哩哔哩上创建了一个账号。A.setabout开始，着手；B.endedup结束；C.putoff推迟；D.wenton继续。根据空后“taking2hourstofinish”可知，此处指这个视频花费2小时才结束，故选B。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段5分钟的视频最终花了2个小时才完成，但它受到了观众的热烈欢迎，这促使我在中国领先的视频分享网站之一哔哩哔哩上创建了一个账号。A.invited邀请；B.taught教；C.motivated激励，是……的原因，推动；D.required需要，要求。根据上文“butitwassowellreceivedbytheaudience”可知，视频很受欢迎，这激发了作者在视频网站上创建一个账号的想法，故选C。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让我的实验室继续用中文制作我们研究的主要主题的短片，包括建筑中的数字制造和可对刺激做出反应的自适应结构。A.enjoy喜欢，享受；B.admit承认；C.miss想念，错过；D.continue继续。根据上文“itwassowellreceivedbytheaudience”可知，作者拍摄了一个视频后很受欢迎，所以此处指作者继续拍摄短片，故选D。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我让我的实验室继续用中文制作我们研究的主要主题的短片，包括建筑中的数字制造和可对刺激做出反应的自适应结构。A.research研究；B.video录像；C.school学校；D.team团队。根据第一段中“mydepartmentinvitedmetosubmita5minutevideoclipaboutmyresearchlaboratory”和下文“whichincludedigitalfabricationinarchitectureandadaptivestructuresthatcanrespondtostimuli.”可知，短片是关于作者所从事的研究的有关话题，故选A。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我创建这个账号的9个多月里，我们的实验室视频吸引了2万多订阅者，获得了近300万的观看量，主要是在中国。A.website网站；B.account账号；C.architecture建筑；D.classroom教室。根据上文“createanaccountonBilibili”可知，此处指创建账号的9个多月里，故选B。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我创建这个账号的9个多月里，我们的实验室视频吸引了2万多订阅者，获得了近300万的观看量，主要是在中国。A.gifts礼物；B.fans粉丝，狂热爱好者；C.views观看；D.prizes奖项。结合语境及本句主语“ourlabvideos”可知，视频是吸引了300万次的观看，故选C。