职称英语卫生类c级模拟40

职称英语卫生类C级模拟40

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最接近

的选项。

1>Inordertocaterforhisexpenses,hehastodoextraworkatnight.

A.meetB.reachC.provideD.fill

2、Shefeltthatshewasthemostsolitarypersononearth.

A.gloomy-B.isolatedC.feebleD.frugal

3、Herbalmedicine（草药）canbeusedtocuresleeplessness.

A.disruptB.diagnoseC.evaporateD.remedy

4、Alimitednumberofbooksonthissubjectareinthelibrary.

A.littleB.smallC.tinyD.low

5、Foreignmoneycanbeconvertedinthisbank.

A.alteredB,changedC.boughtD.sold

6、Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturneast.

A.extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.traverses

7、Wehavegottoabidebytherules.

A.sticktoB.persistinC.safeguardD.apply

8、WewereshockedtofindthatMarydidn11knowtheguest1sname.

A.frustratedB.disturbedC.relievedD.surprised

9、Theyagreedtosettlethedisputebypeacefulmeans.

A.solveB.determineC.untieD.complete

10>Theuseofchemicalmaypresentacertainhazardtothelaboratoryworkers.

A.protectionB.indicationC.immunityD,danger

11>Thetowersofasuspensionbridgeserveasarigidframeworktowhichthe

cablesareattached.

A.boundaryB.skeletonC.enclosureD.material

12>Johnremovedhisovercoat.

A.tookawayB.leftasideC.tookoffD.washedoff

13、Smokingisnotpermittedintheoffice.

A.probableB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed

14、Shehasprovedthatshecanbereliedoninacrisis.

A.livedonB.dependedonC.livedoffD.believedin

15、PhilipRothwashailedasamajornewauthorin1960.

A.publishedB.challengedC.acclaimedD.guided

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供

的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误的信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息

中没有提及，请选择C。

Disease,DiagnosisTreatmentandPrevention

Diseasemaybedefinedastheabnormalstateinwhichpartorallofthe

bodyisnotproperlyadjustedorisnotcapableofcarryingonallitsrequired

functions.Therearemarked(显著的)variationsintheextentofthedisease

andinitseffectontheperson.

Inordertotreatadisease,thedoctorobviouslymustfirstdetermine

thenatureoftheillness,thatis,makeadiagnosis.Adiagnosisistheconclusion

drawnfromanumberoffactsputtogether.Thedoctormustknowthesymptoms,

whicharethechangesinbodyfunctionfeltbythepatient；andthesigns

(alsocalledobjectivesymptoms)whichthedoctorhimselfcanobserve.Sometimes

acharacteristicgroupofsigns(orsymptoms)accompaniesagivendisease.

Suchagroupiscalledasyndrome(综合症).Frequentlycertainlaboratory,

testsareperformedandtheresultsevaluatedbythephysiciansinmaking

hisdiagnosis.

Althoughnursesdonotdiagnose,theyplayanextremelyvaluablerolein

thisprocessbyobservingcloselyforsigns,encouragingthepatienttotalk

abouthimselfandhissymptoms,andthenreportingthisinformationtothe

doctor.Oncethepatient1sdisorderisknown,thedoctorprescribesacourse

oftreatmentzalsoreferredastherapy.Manymeasuresinthiscourseoftreatment

arecarriedoutbythenurseunderthephysician*sorders.

Inrecentyearsphysicians,nursesandotherhealthworkershavetaken

increasingresponsibilitiesinprevention.Throughoutmostofmedicalhistory,

thephysician1saimhasbeentocureapatientofanexistingdisease.However,

themodemconceptofpreventionseekstostopdiseasebeforeitactuallyhappens

tokeeppeoplewellthroughthepromotionofhealth.Avastnumberof

organizationsexistforthispurpose,rangingfromtheWorldHealthOrganization

(WHO)onaninternationalleveldawntolocalprivateandcommunityhealth

programs.Arapidlygrowingresponsibilityofthenursingtreatmentprofession

iseducatingindividualpatientstowardthemaintenanceoftotalhealthphysical

andmental.

16>Diseasereferstotheconditioninwhichoneortwopartsofthebody

failtofunctionproperly.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17、Asyndromereferstoacomplexofsignsand/orsymptomstypicalofaspecific

disease.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Thediagnosticaidsareindispensableinanycaseforaphysiciantodiagnose

adisease.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Becausenursescanobservepatientsclosely,theyhavetheauthorityto

dealwithanycriticalconditionhappeningtopatients.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Modernmedicineattachesmuchmoreimportancetodiseasepreventionthan

traditionalmedicine.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Aneffectivesystemofdiseasepreventionandtreatmenthasbeenestablished

ineverycountryallovertheworld.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Generallyspeaking,thephysicianismorewillingtotreatpatients1

physicaldiseasethantheirmentalillness.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2个测试任务：(1)第23〜26题要求从所给6个选项中为第2、3、4、5、6

段每段选择1个最佳标题；⑵第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最

佳选项。

VoltsfromtheSky

1Lightninghascausedaweandwondersinceoldtimes.AlthoughBenjamin

Franklindemonstratedlightningasanenormouselectricaldischargemorethan

2030yearsago,manypuzzlesstillsurroundthispowerfulphenomenon.

2Lightningisgeneratedwhenelectricalchargesseparateinrainclouds,

thoughprocessesarestillnotfullyunderstood.Typically,positivecharges

buildatthecloudtop,whilethebottombecomesnegativelycharged.Inmost

instancesofc1oud-to-groundlightning,thenegativelychargedlowerportion

ofthecloudrepelsnegativelychargedparticlesontheground*ssurfacesz

makingitbecomepositivelycharged.Thepositivechargeonthegroundgathers

atelevatedpoints.

3Aflowofelectionsbeginsbetweenthecloudandearth.Whenthevoltage

chargebecomeslargeenough,itbreaksthroughtheinsulatingbarrierofair,

andelectronszigzagearthward.Weseethedischargeaslightning.

4Lightningcanoccurwithinacloud,betweenclouds,orbetweenclouds

andtheground.Thefirstvariety,infra-cloudlightning,isthemostfrequent

butisoftenhiddenfromourview.Cloud-to-groundlightning,makingupsabout

20percentoflightningdischarges,iswhatweusuallysee.Lightningcomes

inseveralformszincludingsheetzribbon,andball.Intra-cloudlightning

canilluminateacloudsoitlookslikeawhitesheetzhenceitsname.When

c1oud-to-groundlightningoccursduringstrongwinds,theycanshiftthe

lightningchannelsideways,soitlookslikearibbon.Theaveragelightning

strikeismorethan3mileslongandcantravelatatenthofthespeedof

light.Balllightning,therarestandmostmysteriousform,derivesitsname

fromthesmallluminousballthatappearsneartheimpactpointzmoves

horizontally,andlastsforseveralseconds.

5Thunderisgeneratedbythetremendousheatreleasedinalightning

discharge.Temperaturesnearthedischargecanreachashighas50,000[°]F

withinthousandthsofasecond.Thissuddenheatingactsasanexplosion,

generatingshockwaveswehearasthunders.

6About2,000thunderstormsareoccurringintheworldatanytime,generating

about100lightningstrikeseverysecond,or8milliondaily.WithintheUnited

States,lightningstrikesareestimatedat20millionayear,orabout22,000

parday.Youhaveal-in-600z000chanceofbeingstruckbylightningduring

yourlifetime.Lightningcanstriketwiceormoreinthesamespot.TheEmpire

StateBuildinginNewYorkisstruckbylightningabouttwodozentimesannually.

7Youcanmeasurehowfaryouarefromalightningstrikebycountingthe

secondsbetweenviewingtheflashandhearingthebang,andthendividing

byfive.Thisapproximatesthemileage.

A.Cloud-to-groundLightningOccurringintheUS

B.TypesofLightning

C.CauseofLightning

D.DifferencesBetweenThunderandThunderstorm

E.FrequenciesofThunderstormsOccurringintheWorldandtheUS

F.ShockWavesasThunder

23、Paragraphs2and3

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph5

26、Paragraph6

A.occursmostinfrequently

B.isshiftedsidewaysbystrongwinds

C.isoftenhiddenfromourview

D.isequippedwithagoodknowledgeofvariousformsoflightning

E.isestimatedat20millionsayear

F.ispositivelycharged

27、Inmostcasesofcloud-to-groundlightning,theground1ssurface.

28、Oneformoflightningthatisballlightning.

29、Cloudlightninglookslimearibbonwhenitslightningchannel.

30、Althoughnotfullyunderstandingprocessesoflightning,man.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

X第I，一篇4TTJ

TheTelevisionCamera

Thetelevisioncameraisratherlikethehumaneye.Boththeeyeandthe

camerahavealenszandbothproduceapictureonascreen.Ineachcasethe

pictureismadeupofmillionsofspotsoflight.

Letusseehowtheeyeworks.Whenwelookatanobject,aperson,ahouse,

orwhateveritmaybe,wedonotseeallthedetailsoftheobjectinone

piece.Weimaginethatwedo,butthisisnotthecase.Infact,theeyebuilds

upthepictureforusinourbrain,whichcontrolsoursight,inmillions

ofseparateparts,andalthoughwedonotrealizeitzallthesedetailsare

seenseparately.

Thisiswhathappenswhenwelookatsomething.Beamsoflightofdifferent

degreesofintensity,reflectedfromallpartsoftheobject,strikethelens

oftheeye.Thelensthengatherstogetherthespotsoflightfromthesebeams

andfocusesthemontoalight-sensitiveplate,theretina,atthebackof

theeyeball.Inthiswayanimageoftheobjectisproducedontheretina

intheformofapatternoflights.

Theretinacontainsmillionsofminutelight-sensitiveelementszeachof

whichisseparatelyconnectedtothebrainbyatinyfiberintheopticnerve.

Thesenervefibers,workingindependently,pickoutminutedetailsfromthe

imageontheretinaandturnthesmallspotsoflightintonerveimpulses

ofdifferentstrengths.Theythentransmittheseimpulsestothebrain.They

dothisallatthesametime.

Allthedetailsoftheimagearefedtothebrain,and,sowehavetaught

ourbraintoaddthemtogethercorrectly.Weseeaclearpictureoftheobject

asawhole.

Television,whichmeansvisionatadistance,operatesonasimilarprinciple•

Atelevisionpictureisbuiltupinthousandsofseparateparts.

Beamsoflightreflectedfromthesubjectbeingtelevisedstrikethelens

ofthetelevisioncamera,whichcorrespondstothelensoftheeye.Thecamera

lensgatherstogetherthespotsoflightfromthesebeamsandfocusesanimage

ofthesubjectontoaplatezthesurfaceofwhichiscoatedwithmillions

ofphoto-electricelementssensitivetolight.

Thespotsoflightformingtheimageontheplatecannotbetransmitted

aslight.Sotheyaretemporarilyconvertedbyanelectronicdeviceintomillions

ofelectricalimpulses；thatiszintochargesofelectricity.,

Theseelectricalimpulsesarethensentthroughspaceonawirelesswave

tothehomesoftheviewers.Theyarepickedupbytheaerialsandconveyed

tothereceiversthetotelevisionsets.Thereztheyarefinallyconverted

backintothespotsoflightthatmakeupthepictureonthetelevisionscreen.

3工、Inthefirstparagraphwearetoldthatthetelevisioncameraresembles

thehumaneyein.

A,oneway

B,twoways

C.threeways

D.alargenumberofways

32、WhichofthefollowingisNottrueaccordingtothewriter?

A.Theeyeproducesapictureonascreen.

B.Weseeallthedetailsofanobjectinonepiece.

C.Oursightiscontrolledbyourbrain.

D.Thepictureismadeupofmillionsofspotsoflight.

33、Alltheraysoflightreflectedfromobjectsare.

A.ofthesameintensity

B.ofvaryingintensities

C.tosomedegreeintense

D.notatallintense

34、Thenervefibersconnectingtheselight-sensitiveelementstothebrain

A.allworktogether

B.helpeachother

C.workindependently

D.workinsmallgroups

35、Acameralensfocusesanimageonto.

A.thesubject

B.asurfacemadeupofmillionsoflight-sensitiveelements

C.atelevisionset

D.millionsofphoto-electricbeamsoflight

弟一^扁

WorkingHardorHardlyWorking?

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,employeesinmanycompaniestodayworklonger

hoursthanemployeesdidin1979.Theyalsotakeshortervacations.Itseems

thatAmericansareworkinghardertodaythaneverbefore.Orarethey?A

managementconsultant,BillMeyer,decidedtofindout.Forthreedays,he

observedaninvestmentbankerhardatwork.Meyerwrotedowneverythingthe

bankerdidduringhislongworkday,thebankerworked80hoursaweek.At

theendofthethree-dayperiod,Meyerreviewedthebanker1sactivitieswith

him.Whatdidtheyfindout?Theydiscoveredthatthemanspent80percent

ofhistimedoingbusywork.Forexample,heattendedunnecessarymeetings,

madeunnecessarytelephonecallszandspenttimepackingandunpackinghis

twobigbriefcases.

Apparently,manypeoplebelievethatthemoretimeapersonspendsatwork,

themoresheorheaccomplishes.However,theconnectionbetweentimeand

productivityisnotalwayspositive.Infactzmanystudiesindicatethatafter

acertainpoint,anyone*sproductivityandcreativitybegintodecrease.

Furthermorezitisnotalwayseasyforindividualstorealizethattheir

performanceisfallingoff.

Partoftheproblemisunderstandable.Whenemployersevaluateemployees,

theyoftenconsidertheamountoftimeonthejobinadditiontojobperformance.

Employeesknowthis.Consequently,theyworklongerhoursandtakelessvacation

timethantheydidnineyearsago.Althoughmanyworkingpeoplecandotheir

jobeffectivelyduringaregular40-hourworkweek,theyfeeltheyhaveto

spendmoretimeonthejobafternormalworkinghourssothatthepeoplewho

canpromotethemseethem.

Agroupofhead-hunterswereaskedtheiropinionaboutasituation.They

hadachoiceoftwocandidatesforanexecutivepositionwithanimportant

company.Thecandidateshadcomparablequalificationsforthejob.Onecould

dothejobwellina40-hourworkweek.Theotherwoulddothesamejobin

an80-hourweekjustaswell.Accordingtoahead-huntingexpert,the

80-hour-a-weekcandidatewouldgetthejob.Thetimethiscandidatespends

onthejobmayencourageotheremployeestospendmoretimeatwork,too.

Employersbelievethatiftheemployeesstayatworklater,theymayactually

domorework.

Peopledonotworklonghoursonlyformoremoney.Insuchfieldsas

advertising,showbusiness,andjournalism,theglamourandpublicityare

worthmorethananymonetarybenefit.Thusthesolutionistofindacompany.

thatencouragespeopletodoboth.

36、WhatwasthepurposeofBillMeyer1sinvestigation?

A.TofindoutiftheAmericansarehardlyworkingnowadays.

B.TofindoutiftheAmericansareworkinghardertodaythaneverbefore.

C.Tofindoutwhatthebankerdoeswithinthreedays.

D.Tofindoutifthebankerwaspretendingtodobusywork.

37、Whatdoes"afteracertainpointn(InPara2.)mean?

A.Afterthreedays.

B.After40hours.

C.After80hours.

D.Afterworkingforaperiodoftime.

38、Whatwasthehead-hunters1opinionofthesituation?

A.Thetimethiscandidatespendsonthejobmayencourageotheremployees

tospendmoretimeatwork,too.

B.Theconnectionbetweentimeandproductivityisnotalwayspositive.

C.Afteracertainpointzanyone*sproductivityandcreativitybeginto

decrease.

D.Laterstay,morework.

39、Intheauthor*sopinion,whysomeemployeeshavetospendmoretimeon

thejobafternormalworkinghours?

A.Sothattheycanberegardedashard-working.

B.Sothattheemployercangivethemabonus.

C.Sothattheycanearnmoremoney.

D.Sothatthepeoplewhocanpromotethemseethem.

40、WhatdoesthelastsentenceHthesolutionistofindacompanythatencourages

peopletodoboth"mean?

A.thewaytodealwiththisproblemistofindacompany,inwhichyou

cannotonlyworkhardbutenjoyyourselvesatthesametime.

B.thewaytodealwiththisproblemistofindacompany,inwhichyou

cangetmoremoneyanddon*thavetodomorework.

C.thewaytodealwiththisproblemistofindacompany,inwhichyou

cangetpromotionanddon11havetodomorework.

D.Itisimpossibletofineacompany,inwhichyoucannotonlyworkhard

butenjoyyourselfatthesametime.

卯桶

GroomingandPersonalHygieneofAmericans

Groomingandpersonalhygienehavebeenaroundforages.It1shardtoimagine

atimewhenpeopleweren*tconcernedwithtakingcareoftheirappearance

andtheirbodies.PerhapsthesepracticesstartedwhenAdamfirsttookabath

andcombedhishairbeforegoingonadatewithEve.Ormaybetheybeganwhen

Eveputonsomeherbalmakeuptomakeherselfmorebeautiful.Nomatterwhere

theystarted,groomingandpersonalhygienehavebecomeimportantpartsof

everyone*sdailyroutine.

ThereusedtobeanoldjokeinAmericathatpeopleshouldtakeabath

onceaweek,whethertheyneedoneornot.Infactzthough,Americansgenerally

takeabathormorecommonly,ashowereveryday.Butincontrasttosome

cultures,mostAmericansgettheirshowerinthemorning,sotheycanstart

thedayfresh.Andinsteadofgoingtoabeautyparlorforashampoo,many

Americansprefertowashandstyletheirownhair.SoifAmericanshavea

badhairday,theyhavenoonetoblamebutthemselves.Butmostpeoplein

Americadoheadforthebeautyparlororbarbershopoccasionallyforahaircut,

apermorjustsomefriendlyconversation.

Americansareknownforhavingverysensitivenoses.InAmerica,"BO.n

(bodyodor)issociallyunacceptable.Forthatreason,Americansconsider

theuseofdeodorantorantiperspirantamust.Ladiesoftenaddatouchof

perfumeforanextrafreshscent.Menmaysplashonafter-shavelotionor

manly-smellingcologne.Anotherculturalno-noinAmericaisbadbreath.

Americansdon11liketosmellwhatotherpeopleateforlunch-especiallyonions

orgarlic.Theirsolution?Mouthwash,breathmintsandevenbrushingtheir

teethaftermeals.

Americansputgreatvalueonbothgroomingandpersonalhygiene.Forsome

people,takingcareofthemselveshasbecomealmostareligion.Astheold

sayinggoes,"Cleanlinessisnexttogodliness.nWhetherornotbeingclean

andwe!1-groomedbringsoneclosertoGod,itcertainlybringsonecloser

toothers.Americanslookdownonpeoplewhodon11takecareofthemselves,

orwho"letthemselvesgo.HToAmericans,evenifwedon*thavemuchtowork

with,wehavetomakethebestofwhatwe*vegot.

41、Accordingtothepassage,whathavebecomeimportantpartsofAmerican*s

dailyroutine?

A.Groomingandpersonalhygiene.

B.Takingbathandcombinghair.

C.Puttingonmakeup.

D.Usingperfume.

42、WhenwillmostAmericansgettheirshower?

A.Intheevening.

B.Inthemorning.

C.Whentheyaretired.

D.Atlunchtime.

43、WherewillmanyAmericansprefertowas