Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根

Francis

Bacon弗朗西斯·培根GeneralIntroductionWorksEssaysContributionsFrancisBacon(1561-1626)ArepresentativePhilosopherScientistEssayistLawyerStatesmanLifeTheyoungersonofSirNicholasBacon,theLordKeeperoftheSealofElisabethI.BorninLondonin1561.EducatedinTrinityCollege,Cambridgeat12.Wentabroad,enteredGray’sInntostudylaw.In1584EnteredtheHouseofCommons（下议院）In1587BeselectedtoParliamentIn1618LordHighChancellor（大法官）In1620WonthetitlesofBaronVerulamandViscountStAlbansIn1621Bechargedwithbriberyandbetrayalofjustice.OnApril9,1626Diedofpenumonia

WorksPhilosophical

AdvancementofLearning《学术的推进》NewInstrument《新工具》Literary

Essays《论说文集》Professional

MaximoftheLaw《格言集》EssaysFeaturesBrevity（简洁）,compactness（紧密）andpowerfulness.Parallelism（并行论）,epigrams（警句）,metaphorandsimilie.OfstudiesStudiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelightisinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。Readingmakethafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Andtherefore,ifamanwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle,hehadneedhaveapresentwit:andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemuchcunning,toseemtoknowthathedothnot.读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆力特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知

ContributionsToScienceScienceshouldbebasedonobservationandexperimentation.Inductivemethod.（归纳法）ToLiteraryIntroducestheessayasaliteraryformintoBritishlit