2021-2022学年山东省聊城市高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年山东省聊城市高一上学期期末考试英语试题本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanlearningtoplay?A.Theguitar.B.Theviolin.C.Thedrums.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Writingapaper.B.Doinghisreading.C.Eatingameal.3.Whatwillthewomandothisweekend?A.Gotoapark.B.Watchamovie.C.Visitamuseum.4.Howwillthewomanpayforthecoat?A.Bycreditcard.B.Bycheque.C.Incash.5.Howmuchiseachticket?A.2pounds.B.3pounds.C.6pounds.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Hobbies.B.Theirextraclasses.C.Afamousoilpainting.7.Wheredidthemanlearnhowtopaint?AAtauniversity.B.Inatrainingcenter.C.Atthelocalcommunitycollege.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhereisJohnprobablynow?A.Athome.B.Inthehospital.C.Atschool.9.What'sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.HowoftendoesthemangotoTheCoffeeHouse?A.Everyweekend.B.EveryFriday.C.Everyday.11.Whatistheman'sfavouritedrink?A.Coffee.B.Hotchocolate.C.Tea.12.Whorecommendedthecoffeeshoptotheman?A.Hiscousin.B.Hisfriend.C.Hisneighbour.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.TobuyaTV.B.TorepairaTV.C.ToreturnaTV.14.Whatdayisittoday?A.June5th.B.June6th.C.June7th.15.WhatiswrongwiththeTV?A.Ithaselectricalproblems.B.Itcan'tfitontheshelf.C.Itdoesn'twork.16.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Waitfortheman.B.Dosomeshopping.C.GetherTVback.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthewomanspeakingto?A.Students.B.Visitors.C.Workers.18.Wherecanthelistenersfindthehousingoffice?A.Nexttothelibrary.B.Outsidethebookstore.C.Attheentrancetothecollege.19.Whendoesthehousingofficeopenduringholidays?A.OnMondayandFriday.B.OnMondayandThursday.C.OnTuesdayandThursday.20.Whatcanyoubuyfromthemachinesaroundthecollege?A.Sandwichesandsalad.B.Ahotmeal.C.Chocolateanddrinks.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALibraryActivitiesforChildrenSalemPublicLibraryoffersalotoffunandeducationalactivitiesforchildrenandadultsallyearround.SignupforemailnotificationsandnevermissaneventCreativeKids:After-SchoolArtsActivity4:30—5:30p.m.|3rdThursdayofthemonth|StoryRoomsA&BSchool-agekidsfrom2ndto5thgradesareinvitedtoanafter-schoolactivityinartsthethirdThursdayofeachmonthOctoberthroughMarch.SignuponlineorattheChildren'sAskHereDesk.ReadtoaPet1:00—2:30p.m.|2ndandlastSaturdayofthemonth|3rdFloorChildren'sAreaThisprogramisarelaxingwayforyoungreaderstoimprovetheirreadingskills.VisitingdogsandcatshavebeentrainedbyPawsforLoveandareniceandfriendly.Thisisadrop-inprogram,andsign-upsarenotnecessary.MonthlyLegoParty2:00—3:00p.m.|3rdSaturdayofthemonth|StoryRoomsFloor3Kidswiththeirgrown-upsareinvitedforanhourofLegoplay.Legosareprovided.Bringyourimagination!Thiscreativeactivityisforages4andup.DiscoveryRoomTheDiscoveryRoomgiveschancesforchildrentothinkcreatively,usetheirimagination,andlearnwhileplaying.ThethemeoftheDiscoveryRoomchangesfourtimesayear.DiscoveryRoomhoursoftenchange,too.Pleasecallbeforeyoucometofindoutwhenitwillbeopen.1.Whichactivitywillchildrenenjoyiftheylikedogsandcats?A.DiscoveryRoom. B.ReadtoaPet.C.MonthlyLegoParty. D.CreativeKids:After-schoolArtsActivity.2.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheLegoparty?A.Itneedssign-ups. B.Itlastsforonehour.C.Itisaweeklyprogram. D.Itisforkidsaged2-4.3.HowistheDiscoveryRoomdifferentfromtheotheractivities?A.Itsthemechanges. B.Itisheldfourtimesayear.C.Ittakesplaceonweekdays. D.Itsgoalistoencouragechildren'screativity.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个儿童图书馆活动情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ReadtoaPet部分中“Thisprogramisarelaxingwayforyoungreaderstoimprovetheirreadingskills.VisitingdogsandcatshavebeentrainedbyPawsforLoveandareniceandfriendly.(这个节目是一个放松的方式，为年轻读者提高他们的阅读技能。来访的狗和猫都受过“爱心爪”的训练，它们都很友好)”可知，如果孩子们喜欢狗和猫，他们会喜欢给宠物读书活动。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MonthlyLegoParty部分中“2:00—3:00p.m.(下午两点到三点)”可知，乐高派对持续一个小时。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ThethemeoftheDiscoveryRoomchangesfourtimesayear.(探索室的主题一年换四次)”可知，探索室与其他活动的不同在于主题的变化。故选A。BOneday,whenIwasgoingtocheckinatanairport,Inoticedtherewasabigproblem.Thecounterpersonwastellingeveryonethatalltheplaneswerehavingproblemsandtheywouldnotbeabletofly!AnditwassuggestedthatabuswouldbeprovidedtotakeustoSeattle.Everyonewasworried,asweonlyhadanhourandahalftomaketheconnectingflight,andthebuswasnotevenattheairportyet.Finally,thebuspulledup,andthedriversaid,“Theyjustpulledmeoutofbedafteranall-nightshift(夜班),andtheyexpectmetogetyoutoSeattleintimetocatchyourflight.Goodluck!”Needlesstosay,everyonewasinareallybadmood.Iwasloadingmybaggageintothebusandhadslungmybanjo(班卓琴)overmybackwhenthebusdriversaid,“What?Areyougoingtoplaythatinmybus?”“Well,reallydidnotplanonit,”Ireplied.“Iwasonlykidding,”saidthedriver.ButIstartedthinkingaboutit,andIpulledoutthebanjo.Aworried,angrywomansaid,“Well,whatifIdon’tlikeit?”“ThentellmeandI’llstop,”Ireplied.Wedroveoff,andthetensionmadetheatmosphereinsidethebushorrendous!ThenIstartedplucking(弹奏)theoldstandardBlueSkies.Inafewminutes,Inoticedeveryonewassingingalong.Istartedtosing,too,andbeforelong,thewholebusburstintosong.Onesongledtoanother.Everyonelaughedandsang,withfoodpassedaroundthebus,andbeforelong,theairportwasinsight.Thebusdrivercalled,“Wemadeit!Weneverwouldhavedoneitwithoutthehelpofourbanjoplayer.”Shoutsofapprovalrangthroughthebus.Peopleexchangedaddressesandinvitationstovisit,andafewexchangedhugs.Afewweekslater,mymailboxwasfilledwithlettersfrommynewfriends.Theirlettersremindedmeofhow,byreachingoutwithjustasongorabitoffriendship,youcanturnaverytensesituationintoapeacefulexperience—amagical,musicalbusride.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.ThecounterpersonwoulddrivethepassengerstoSeattle.B.Thedriverwasonthenightshiftthen.C.ThepassengersthoughtithardtogettoSeattleintime.D.Thedriveralwayshadlotsofbadluck.5.Whentheauthordecidedtoplayhisbanjo,________.A.apassengergavehimahug B.thedrivertriedtostophimC.thewholebusburstintosong D.awomanwasnothappyaboutit6.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?AAWonderfulMusicalBusRide B.AGreatBanjoPlayerC.TheAmazingFriendshiponaBus D.AnUnforgettableExperienceattheAirport【答案】4.C5.D6.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过美妙的音乐，缓解了紧张的气氛，最终大家顺利乘坐巴士到达机场。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AnditwassuggestedthatabuswouldbeprovidedtotakeustoSeattle.Everyonewasworried,asweonlyhadanhourandahalftomaketheconnectingflight,andthebuswasnotevenattheairportyet.”（有人建议提供一辆巴士送我们去西雅图。大家都很担心，因为我们只有一个半小时的转机时间，而巴士甚至还没到机场）可知，巴士还没到机场，而乘客们只有一个半小时的转机时间，所以乘客们认为及时到达西雅图很难。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ButIstartedthinkingaboutit,andIpulledoutthebanjo.Aworried,angrywomansaid,“Well,whatifIdon’tlikeit?””（但我开始考虑这件事，我拿出了班卓琴。一位忧心忡忡、愤怒的女士说：“好吧，如果我不喜欢怎么办？”）可知，当作者拿出班卓琴准备演奏时，一位女士对此表示不高兴。故选D项。【6题详解】标题判断题。通读全文，文章主要讲述作者通过美妙的音乐，缓解了紧张的登机气氛，最终大家顺利乘坐巴士到达机场，所以“一次美妙的音乐巴士之旅”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。CAstronaut（宇航员）ScottKellyhasbeenlivingontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）sinceMarch28,2015.Andjustlikeanyotherhome,theISSrequiressomehousekeeping,intheformofregularworkandrepairs.ThatiswhyKellyandhispartnerKjellLindgrenperformedactivities,outsidethestationonWednesday.Theoperationbeganat8：03amandlastedformorethansevenhours.Itwasthefirstspacewalkforbothmen.TheISShasbeenincontinualusefor15years,andhashostedover200people,includingastronautsandprivatetourists.Duringtheiractivities,KellyandLindgrendidbasicelectricalwork,suchasattachingnewwiresthatwillprovidepowertodockingports（舱门）onthestation.TheportswillbeusedwhenotherpeoplearriveattheISS.Also,thetwoastronautsfixedathermal（防寒的）coveronakeyscientificinstrumentonthestationtoprotectitfromthefreezingtemperaturesofspace.Asthemoreseniorastronaut,Kellyledthespacewalk.However,LindgrendealtwithsomeofthemorechallengingpartsofthejobashehaslongerarmsthanKelly.Duringaspacewalk,thesimplestworkbecomesadifficulttask.KellyandLindgrenspentmonthstrainingandpracticingfortheoperation.ThepreparationbeganinNASA'sNeutralBuoyancyLab（NBL）.Hereastronautsaremadetoworkinanenvironmentsimilartotheoneoutsidethespacestation.Evengettingthespacesuitsreadycantakedays.Whileeachsuitisbuilttofittheastronautperfectlywhowillwearit,adjustments（调整）needtobemaderightuptothetimewhenthespacewalkbegins.Theadjustmentsaddressanychangeintheastronauts'bodiesthathaveoccurredasaresultofbeinginagravity-freeenvironment.7.WhydidKellyandLindgrentakethespacewalk?A.TocleanuptheISS. B.TokeeptheISSingoodcondition.C.Totesttheirnewspacesuits. D.Tocarryoutascientificexperiment.8.Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.HowtheISSisworkingproperly.B.Whythedockingportsareuseful.C.Howtheastronautsperformedthespacewalk.D.Whatthetwoastronautsdidinthespacewalk.9.WhydidKjellLindgrendomorechallengingworkthanKellyduringthespacewalk?A.Heknewmoreaboutthestation. B.Hewastheleaderoftheteam.C.Hehadalongerreach. D.Hehadmoreexperienceofspacewalk10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"address"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Leadto. B.Belongto. C.Interactwith. D.Dealwith【答案】7.B8.D9.C10.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了两位宇航员，凯利和林格伦为了维护国际空间站的良好状态，在太空行走，进行日常工作和维护。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Andjustlikeanyotherhome,theISSrequiressomehousekeeping,intheformofregularworkandrepairs.”（和其他任何家庭一样，国际空间站也需要一些日常工作和维护。）以及第二段“ThatiswhyKellyandhispartnerKjellLindgrenperformedactivities,outsidethestationonWednesday.”（那就是凯利和他的搭档克杰尔·林格伦周三在空间站外进行活动的原因。）可知，凯利和林格伦进行太空行走是为了进行日常工作和维护，以保持国际空间站的良好状态。故选B项。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Duringtheiractivities,KellyandLindgrendidbasicelectricalwork,suchasattachingnewwiresthatwillprovidepowertodockingports（舱门）onthestation.”（在他们的活动中，凯利和林格伦做了基本的电力工作，比如连接新的电线，为空间站的对接端口供电。）以及“Also,thetwoastronautsfixedathermal（防寒的）coveronakeyscientificinstrumentonthestationtoprotectitfromthefreezingtemperaturesofspace.”（另外，两名宇航员在空间站的一个关键科学仪器上安装了一个防寒罩，以保护它免受太空严寒的影响。）可知，第三段主要介绍了两位宇航员在太空行走时所做的事情。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“However,LindgrendealtwithsomeofthemorechallengingpartsofthejobashehaslongerarmsthanKelly.”（然而，林格伦处理了工作中一些更具挑战性的部分，因为他比凯利有更长的手臂。）可知，林格伦做更具有挑战性的工作是因为他的手臂更长，能触及的范围更远。故选C项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Whileeachsuitisbuilttofittheastronautperfectlywhowillwearit,adjustmentsneedtobemaderightuptothetimewhenthespacewalkbegins.”（虽然每一套宇航服都是为了完美地适合将要穿它的宇航员而设计的，但在太空行走开始之前仍然需要进行调整。）可知，每一套宇航服都会在太空行走之前进行调整，以及“anychangeintheastronauts'bodiesthathaveoccurredasaresultofbeinginagravity-freeenvironment.”（宇航员在无重力环境中身体发生的任何变化）可知，宇航服的调整是为了应对宇航员的身体变化，推测划线单词表示“应对”，与dealwith同义。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peopledon'treallycarewhatyousay.____11____Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Butalwaysyouaresayingitmorethanyouaredoingit.Attheendoftheday,yourwordsdon'tmeanmuch.Peoplewillrememberyoubyyouractions,notbyyourwords.Someonesays,"I'mgoingtobesuccessful,I'mgoingtobefamous,andI'mgoingtobeamillionaire."Buteverytimeyouseethem,theyarejustchattingandrelaxing,justbeinglazy.Sotheyonlyhavethewords,nottheactions.____12____Thelyrics(歌词)toyourfavoritesongonpaperdon'tmeanmuch.Theyarejustwords.It'sthesingerthatcanbringthewordsalivethroughtheiractions.Talkischeapactionsareexpensive.Inotherwords,wordsdon'tdomuch,actionsdoeverything.Allofthefamouspeoplewhohadsuccessfulstoriesdidn'tgettherebysimplytalkingaboutbeingthere.____13____Theyworkedhardtobewheretheyaretoday.Theymadesomethinghappen.Theirwordsbecametheiractions.Theirdeedsbecametheirhabits.____14____Youwouldregretalltheopportunitiesthatyou'veturneddownandallthechancesthatyounevertook.Itwasjustbecauseyouwereafraidoryouwereworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplethink.Ifyouwishsomeonetobelieveyouwhenyousaysomething,youhavetodosomething.Wordsarethetalk,actionsarethewalk.____15____A.Theydidsomethingaboutit.B.Allyouhavegottodoiswalksthetalk.C.Theypaymoreattentiontowhatyoudo.D.Theywouldliketoexplorehowtobedoers.E.WhatImeanisthatwordsandactionsarefunctioningdifferently.F.Ifyouhadoneweeklefttolive,youwouldregretsomuchinyourlife.G.WhatIneedyoutounderstandiswordsarethetalk,actionsarethewalk.【答案】11.C12.G13.A14.F15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做事情时，不能只说不做、要说到做到。【11题详解】上文“Peopledon'treallycarewhatyousay.(人们并不真的在乎你说什么)”说明人们不在乎你说了什么，所以空处应表示人们在乎什么，C项“他们更关注你做什么。”符合题意。故选C。【12题详解】上文“Buteverytimeyouseethem,theyarejustchattingandrelaxing,justbeinglazy.Sotheyonlyhavethewords,nottheactions.(但每次你看到他们，他们只是聊天和放松，只是懒惰。所以他们只有语言，没有行动)”说明只说语言不做行动是没用处的，所以空处应说明语言只是交谈，行为才是行动，G项“我需要你明白的是语言只是交谈，行为才是行动”符合题意。故选G。【13题详解】上文“Allofthefamouspeoplewhohadsuccessfulstoriesdidn'tgettherebysimplytalkingaboutbeingthere.(所有那些有成功故事的名人并不是光说说就能成功的)”说明成功人士不是通过简单的谈论来取得成功的，以及下文“Theyworkedhardtobewheretheyaretoday.(他们努力工作以达到今天的水平)”说明成功人士是进行了努力工作的，所以空处应说明他们做了事情，A项“他们关于这做了一些事。”符合题意。故选A。【14题详解】下文“Youwouldregretalltheopportunitiesthatyou'veturneddownandallthechancesthatyounevertook.(你会因所有你拒绝的机会和所有你从未抓住的机会而后悔)”说明，你会因错过机会而后悔，F项中regretsomuch是关键词，F项“如果你还有一周的时间，你会后悔的。”符合题意。故选F。【15题详解】上文“Ifyouwishsomeonetobelieveyouwhenyousaysomething,youhavetodosomething.Wordsarethetalk,actionsarethewalk.(如果你希望别人相信你说的话，你必须做点什么。语言只是交谈，行为才是行动)”说明事实胜于雄辩，空处应说明要说到做到，B项“你所要做的就是说到做到。”符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.This____16____movementiscalledmigration.Theymigratetofindfood,____17____,orinsearchofwarmerweather.Oneofthemost____18____migrationsinnatureisthatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.Everyautumn,millionsofthesebeautifulinsectswithfineblackandorangewings____19____alonganddifficultjourney.Somehowtheymanagetotravelaround4,000kilometressouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.However,untilrecentlynoone____20____howtheydidthis.AteamofscientistsledbyProfessorEliShlizermanattheUniversityofWashingtonhasnowfoundtheanswer.Theyhavefoundoutthatthemonarchisableto____21____thetimeofday.Itusesitseyestomeasurethe____22____ofthesun.Thesetwopiecesof____23____—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____24____thewaytogo.The______26______tothemysteryofthemonarch’samazingabilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.Itspopulationhas______27______byasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyears.Sadlyhuman______28______isthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peopleare______29______thenaturalenvironment.They______30______treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.The______31______onthemonarch’sbehaviourhashoweverledtoagreaterawarenessofthis______32______.Peoplehavebeenworkingtogetherto______33______itsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforitto______34______.Ifthisworks,theremaycomeatimewhenthenumberofmonarchbutterfliesincreasesonceagain,Themoreweknowaboutthislovelycreature,thegreaterthechanceitwill______35______andkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome.16.A.symbolic B.former C.occasional D.annual17.A.livelong B.returntothewild C.protectthemselves D.seekapartner18.A.positive B.wonderful C.professional D.frightening19.A.begin B.break C.continue D.end20.A.heard B.worried C.knew D.ignored21.A.notice B.tell C.guess D.illustrate22.A.height B.driection C.brightness D.position23.A.news B.advice C.information D.evidence24.A.determine B.consider C.acquire D.approach25.A.Eventually B.Currently C.Obviously D.Originally26.A.solution B.reaction C.preference D.response27.A.increased B.exploded C.changed D.crashed28.A.history B.belief C.activity D.experience29.A.improving B.destroying C.decorating D.monitoring30.A.takeaway B.cutdown C.pickup D.puttogether31.A.comment B.research C.effect D.discussion32.A.creature B.experiment C.opinion D.function33.A.recognise B.design C.record D.remember34.A.lookat B.playwith C.feedon D.focuson35.A.stay B.suffer C.exist D.survive【答案】16.D17.D18.B19.A20.C21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.A27.D28.C29.B30.B31.B32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了北美帝王蝶急剧减少的原因，研究人员在记录研究过程中得出了它们迁徙的答案，并通过保护环境等措施使帝王蝶能够更好地生存。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种一年一度的运动叫做迁徙。A.symbolic象征的；B.former前者的；C.occasional偶尔的；D.annual每年的。根据上文“Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.”可知，这种运动是周期性的，每年的（annual）运动。故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们迁徙是为了寻找食物、寻找伴侣或寻找更温暖的天气。A.livelong长命百岁；B.returntothewild回归大自然；C.protectthemselves保护自己；D.seekapartner寻找伙伴。结合常识及根据上文“This____1____movementiscalledmigration.”可知，有的动物迁徙是寻找伴侣（seekapartner）。故选D项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自然界最神奇的迁徙之一是北美帝王蝶。A.positive积极乐观的；B.wonderful神奇的，精彩的；C.professional职业的；D.frightening可怕的。根据下文“Somehowtheymanagetotravelaround4,000kilometressouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.However,untilrecentlynoone____5____howtheydidthis.”可知，每年秋天，北美帝王蝶向南迁徙4000公里，直到最近，没有人知道他们是怎么做到的，可见它们迁徙很神奇的（wonderful）。故选B项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年秋天，数以百万计长着黑色和橙色翅膀的美丽昆虫开始了漫长而艰难的旅程。A.begin开始；B.break打破；C.continue持续；D.end终止。根据上文“Oneofthemost____3____migrationsinnatureisthatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.”可知，自然界最奇妙的迁徙之一是北美帝王蝶，结合常识，动物的迁徙在秋天开始（begin）。故选A项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到最近，还没有人知道它们是如何做到这一点的。A.heard听到；B.worried担心；C.knew知道；D.ignored忽略。根据下文“AteamofscientistsledbyProfessorEliShlizermanattheUniversityofWashingtonhasnowfoundtheanswer.”可知，华盛顿大学教授EliShlizerman领导的一组科学家现在已经找到了答案，推知之前没有人知道（knew）。故选C项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们发现帝王蝶能识别一天中的时间。A.notice注意；B.tell识别，说出；C.guess猜测；D.illustrate说明。根据下文“Itusesitseyestomeasurethe____7____ofthesun.”可知，帝王蝶用眼睛测量太阳的位置，推知，帝王蝶能够识别（tell）一天中的时间。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它用眼睛测量太阳的位置。A.height身高；B.driection滴水；C.brightness亮度；D.position位置。根据下文“Thesetwopiecesof____8____—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____9____thewaytogo.”可知，一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置使蝴蝶决定前进的方向，推知蝴蝶用眼睛测量太阳的位置（position）。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两条信息——一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——让蝴蝶决定前进的方向。A.news消息；B.advice劝告；C.information信息；D.evidence根据。根据下文“thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____9____thewaytogo.”可知，让蝴蝶决定前进的方向是一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置这两条信息（information）。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两条信息——一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——让蝴蝶决定前进的方向。A.determine决定；B.consider考虑；C.acquire获得；D.approach方法。根据下文“____10____,itmanagestoreachtheplaceswhereitwillspendthewinter.”可知，蝴蝶最终能设法到达了它将要过冬的地方，是它们能根据太阳在天空中的位置，辨别时间，决定（determine）前进的方向。故选A项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，它设法到达了它将要过冬的地方。A.Eventually最后；B.Currently目前；C.Obviously明显地；D.Originally原来。根据“Thesetwopiecesof____8____—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____9____thewaytogo.”可知，上文罗列了帝王蝶用眼睛测量太阳的位置，决定迁徙前进的方向，推知，此处指这个能力使它们最终（Eventually）能到达过冬的地方。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：帝王蝶惊人能力之谜的答案是在它陷入严重困境的时候得出的。A.solution答案，解决方案；B.reaction反应；C.preference偏爱；D.response回答。根据下文尤其是“The____16____onthemonarch’sbehaviourhashoweverledtoagreaterawarenessofthis____17____.”可知，环境的破环使帝王蝶的数量急剧减少，对帝王蝶行为的研究使人们对这种生物有了更多的认识，在研究期间，人们得出了帝王蝶长途迁徙的答案（solution）。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去几年中，其数量锐减了90%。A.increased增加；B.exploded爆炸了的；C.changed改变；D.crashed暴跌，锐减。根据下文“Sadly,human____13____isthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.”可知，人类活动是帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因，此处指帝王蝶数量暴跌了90%。故选D项。28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，人类活动是帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因。A.history历史；B.belief相信；C.activity活动；D.experience经验。根据下文“Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peopleare____14____thenaturalenvironment.They____15____treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.”可知，在许多可以发现蝴蝶的地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。他们砍伐树木，使用化学物质杀死帝王毛虫吃的植物。正是人类的这样的活动（activity），导致了帝王蝶数量下降。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多可以发现蝴蝶的地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。A.improving改善；B.destroying毁灭；C.decorating装饰；D.monitoring监测。根据下文“They____15____treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.”可知，人类砍伐树木，使用化学物质杀死帝王蝶幼虫吃的植物，这些都是破坏（destroying）自然环境的行为。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们砍伐树木，使用化学物质杀死帝王蝶幼虫吃的植物。A.takeaway带走；B.cutdown砍伐，砍倒；C.pickup改善；D.puttogether拼凑。根据上文“Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peopleare____14____thenaturalenvironment.”可知，在许多可以发现蝴蝶的地方，人们正在破坏自然环境，此处指人类砍伐（cutdown）树木。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对帝王蝶行为的研究使人们对这种生物有了更多的认识。A.comment议论；B.research研究；C.effect效应；D.discussion讨论。根据下文“Peoplehavebeenworkingtogetherto____18____itsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforitto____19____.”可知，人们一直在共同努力记录它的迁移，并确保有足够的植物供它食用。这些记录行为，都属于对帝王蝶的研究（research）。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对帝王蝶行为的研究使人们对这种生物有了更多的认识。A.creature生物；B.experiment实验；C.opinion意见；D.function作用。根据上文“The____16____onthemonarch’sbehaviour”可知，人们研究的是帝王蝶，根据常识，帝王蝶属于一种生物（creature）。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们一直在共同努力记录它的迁徙，并确保有足够的植物供它食用。A.recognise认出；B.design设计；C.record记录；D.remember回想起。根据上文“Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.”可知，动物迁徙的特点是每年在特定时间从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方，帝王蝶的迁徙也是如此，此处指人们记录（record）帝王蝶迁徙的特定时间和迁徙地点等信息。故选C项。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：人们一直在共同努力记录它的迁徙，并确保有足够的植物供它食用。A.lookat看看；B.playwith玩；C.feedon吃；D.focuson专注于。根据上文“They____15____treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.”可知，人类砍伐树木，使用化学物质杀死帝王蝶幼虫吃的植物，此处指为了保护帝王蝶，研究人员确保帝王蝶有足够的植物供他们吃（feedon）。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这种方法奏效，也许有一天，帝王蝶的数量会再次增加，我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它存活下来的机会就越大，并在很长一段时间内保持在自然界的地位。A.stay停留；B.suffer遭受；C.exist存在；D.survive存活，生存。根据上文“Itspopulationhas____12____byasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyears.”可知，在过去的几年中，帝王蝶的数量急剧减少，此处指研究人员通过保护环境等方法，使它们能更好地存活（survive）。故选D项。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Oilpaperumbrellashaveahistoryofover1,000yearsinChina.Oncethey____36____（be）everywhere.Nowadayspeopleusethehand-madeumbrellas____37____（little）indailylifethanbefore.However,theyareasymbolofChinese____38____（tradition）culture.YuhanginHangzhouisknownfor____39____（make）oilpaperumbrellasforover230years.Umbrellasheretakemorethan70stepstomake,suchasmakingbambooribsandpasting（糊）paper.____40____takesatleastaweektomakeanumbrella.In2007,thiskindofumbrellawasaddedtoZhejiangprovince'sintangible（无形的）culturalheritage（遗产）list.In2015,LiuWeixueleftawell-paidjobtolearn____41____hisgrandfathertheart."Iwanttobringthearttolife,"Liusaid."Whenitrains,someoneusestheumbrella,that's____42____Iwanttosee.”AfterLiumasteredtheskills,astudio____43____（start）inYuhang,wherehegatheredumbrella-makingmasters.____44____（sell）umbrellas,Liuopenedanonlineshopin2017.Itnowhasmorethan80,000followers.Liuhopestheartcanbepassedon.HegoestoschoolsinYuhangtoteachstudents.Healsoshowsupat____45____（event）andactivitiesindifferentplacestoshowmorepeopleabouttheart.【答案】36.were37.less38.traditional39.making40.It41.from42.what43.wasstarted44.Tosell45.events【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了油纸伞是中国传统文化的象征，刘伟学学习制作油纸伞并在不同的活动中展示这项艺术，希望这项艺术可以传承下去。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：曾经它们无处不在。根据句中once（曾经）可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，主语是they，be动词应用were。故填were。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：现在人们在日常生活中使用手工雨伞比以前少了。根据句中than可知，空处应用比较级形式，表示“更少”。故填less。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，它们是中国传统文化的象征。分析句子，空处修饰名词culture，应用形容词形式作定语，traditional是形容词，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杭州余杭以制造油纸伞而闻名，已有230多年的历史。分析句子，空处为非谓语动词，应用动名词形式作介词for的宾语。故填making。【40题详解】考查代词。句意：做一把伞至少需要一个星期。分析句子，不定式短语为真正的主语，空处应用it作形式主语。故填It。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：2015年，刘伟学离开了一份收入丰厚的工作，向祖父学习这项艺术。结合语意，此处表示“向他的祖父学习”，应填介词from，构成learnfrom表示“向……学习”。故填from。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：下雨时，有人会用这种雨伞，那正是我想看到的。分析句子，空处引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。【43题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：刘掌握了这些技能后，在余杭开办了一个工作室，在那里他聚集了制伞大师。分析句子，空处作谓语动词，根据mastered以及gathered使用过去式形式可知，句子应用一般过去时，start与主语astudio之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语astudio是单数，be动词应用was。故填wasstarted。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了销售雨伞，刘在2017年开了一家网店。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，表示目的，应用不定式形式作目的状语。故填Tosell。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：他还出现在不同地方的事件和活动中，向更多的人展示这项艺术。空处与activities并列，作介词at的宾语，所以空处应用名词的复数形式表示泛指。故填events。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行“10公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会写一封电子邮件给你校外籍教师Peter，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括：1.向他发出邀请；2.介绍本次徒步活动；3.活动注意事项。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头结尾已经给出。参考词汇：10公里徒步活动a10-kmhikingtripDearPeter,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,RepresentingtheStudents’Union,Isincerelyinviteyoutojoinusinthe10-kmhikingtriptobeheldnextweek.ThisactivityisscheduledfornextTuesday.Allthest