2021-2022学年辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中高一上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中高一上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题考生注意：1．试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。试卷包括I卷和Ⅱ卷两部分。3.答题前，务必在答题纸上按要求填写信息，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。答案必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。I卷部分的作答必须涂在答题纸.相应的区域，II卷部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。第I卷（三部分，共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后.你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wharfstheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.TeacherandstudentC.Brotherandsister?2.Wherewillthewomango?.A.Totheshop.B.TothecountryC.ToAlice'shome.3,Howmanymealsdoesthewomanhaveperday?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.，4.Whenwillthewomanpickuptheman?A.At10:35.B.At11.00.C.At11:15.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?-A.Hecannotplayfootballnow.B.Hedoesn’twanttogetinjured.C,Hedoesn'tlikeplayingfootball.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whomightthemanbe?A.Awaiter.B.Anactor.C.Areporter.7.Howdoesthewoman'sfamilycelebratetheSpringFestival?.A.Theyeatdumplings.B.Theygoskating.C.Theyholdagreatparty.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题.8.Howdidthemanlearnabouttherestaurant?A,Fromhisfriends.B.Fromthelocalpaper,C.Fromamovie.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheprice?A.Reasonable.B.Toohigh.C.Abitlow.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthebasketballcompetitionend?A.OnOctober11th.B.OnOctober17th.C.OnOctober20th.11.Wherewillthebasketballcompetitionbeheld?A.Intheschool.B.Onthecity'ssquare.C.Inthecity'sstadium：12.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thegirlwillenjoythegameasanaudience.B.Thespeakersoftenhavebasketballcompetitions.C.Theboys'competitionwillbeheldintheafternoon.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whichpartoftheman'sbodyfeelalittletired?A.Hisfeet.B.Hishands.C.Hisarms.14.What'stheweatherlike?A.Cool.B.Warm.C.Hot15.Wherewillthemango?A.Tohishome.B.Tothebar.C.Totheoffice.16.Howmanytimeshasthemanplayedbowling?A.Fivetotentimes.B.Tentofifteentimes.C.Fifteentotwentytimes.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Schoollife.B.Waystoliveamodemlife.C.Theimportanceofexercise.18.Howdomanypeoplegotoworktoday?A.Bybicycle.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.19.Howshouldpeoplestartexercising?A.Quickly.B.Slowly.C.Much.20.Howdoyoufeelifyoudoexercisewithothersaccordingtothetext?A.Boring.B.Curious.C.Interesting.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AFourFamily-friendlyAutumnWalksintheUKWiththecomingofautumn,wehavedecidedtomakealistofautumnwalksforyouandthewholefamily.Theseplaceswillincludehistoricbuildings,wonderfulsceneryandwildlifeforalltoenjoy.FormbyNatureReserve,LiverpoolFormbyisacoastaltownjustnorthofLiverpoolandisluckilyoneofthefewplacesinBritainwheretherearealargenumberofredsquirrels（松鼠）.Childrenwilllovetheexcitementofgettingtoseethesecuteanimals.Thepathsarewellprotected,meaningtheyarefitforpushchairs.Anddogsareallowed,too.Hadrian'sWall,NewcastleThe73-mile-longHadrian'sWallwascompletedbytheRomansin128ADafter6years'building.AutumnwalksalongHadrian'sWallareanexcellentwaytoeducatechildrenonthehistoryoftheBritishIslesandreallygetupclosetothestylesofRomanbuildingsratherthanjustseeitinatextbook!LymeNotonlyisLymeParkhometomanytrees,itisalsohometoagroupofmedieval（中世纪的）reddeerandahugeEdwardiancountrymanor（庄园）.ThisPeakDistrictwalkisquitefitforfamilies,andalongthewayareplaygroundsandtreehouses,makingsurethatthelittleonesthatyouarewithwillneverfeelbored.LakesideWalkatStowe,BuckinghamshireThisplaceisontheoutskirtsofLondonandprovidespeoplewithperfectchancestoescapefromthebusycitylifestyle.Theflatandwidepatharoundtherivermakesitmorethanfitforpushchairsorwheelchairs.Thiswalkisshortinlength,meaningitisagreatwaytointroduceanyyoungonetowalkingasahobby.Thewalkisgreatallyearround.1.KidscanlearnaboutthebuildingsofancientRomefrom________.A.awalkinLymePark B.awalkalongHadrian'sWallC.awalkbythelakesideatStowe D.awalkinFormbyNatureReserve2.WhatdoFormbyNatureReserveandLymeA.Theyhaveoldmanors. B.Theyallowpetdogsin.C.Theyhavecuteanimals. D.Theyprovideplayareasforkids.3.WhatisspecialabouttheLakesideWalkatStowe?A.Itisgoodforaquietandrelaxedstay. B.Itisquitefitforlong-walklovers.C.Itisabitdifficultforwheelchairs. D.Itisespeciallypleasantinautumn.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个在英国秋天适合家庭散步的地点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Hadrian'sWall,Newcastle中“AutumnwalksalongHadrian'sWallareanexcellentwaytoeducatechildrenonthehistoryoftheBritishIslesandreallygetupclosetothestylesofRomanbuildingsratherthanjustseeitinatextbook!”（沿着哈德良墙的秋季徒步旅行是教育孩子们了解不列颠群岛历史的绝佳方式，可以真正近距离地了解罗马建筑的风格，而不仅仅是在教科书中看到它！这也是一个很好的方法。）可知孩子们可以从哈德良墙散步了解古罗马的建筑。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FormbyNatureReserve,Liverpool中“Childrenwilllovetheexcitementofgettingtoseethesecuteanimals.Thepathsarewellprotected,meaningtheyarefitforpushchairs.Anddogsareallowed,too.”（孩子们会喜欢看到这些可爱的动物的兴奋之情。小路有很好的保护，这意味着它们适合婴儿车通行。狗也是可以的。）以及LymePark,PeakDistrict中“NotonlyisLymeParkhometomanytrees,itisalsohometoagroupofmedieval（中世纪的）reddeerandahugeEdwardiancountrymanor（庄园）.”（莱姆公园不仅有许多树木，而且还有一群中世纪的红鹿和一个巨大的爱德华时代的乡村庄园）可知，福尔姆比自然保护区和莱姆公园的共同点是都有可爱的小动物。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据LakesideWalkatStowe,Buckinghamshire中“ThisplaceisontheoutskirtsofLondonandprovidespeoplewithperfectchancestoescapefromthebusycitylifestyle.”（这个地方位于伦敦的郊区，为人们提供了逃离繁忙的城市生活方式的完美机会。）可知，在斯托湖边散步的特别之处是这里是一个适合安静休息的地方。故选A项。BYoumightfeelburnedoutaftersolvingadifficultmathproblemorstudyingforawholeday.Areourbrainsreally“burning”whenwespendalotoftimethinking?Infact,ourbrainsneverstopburningcalories,evenifwearen'tthinkingaboutanything.Ourbrainsarepoweredbyglucose,akindofsugarthatcanbefoundincarbohydrates(碳水化合物)likericeandnoodles.Theglucosegoestothebrainthroughthebloodstream.Itpowerstheneurons(神经元)inourbrains.Sinceourbrainneverreallyrests,itisburningenergyintheformofglucoseallthetime.Evenwhenwesleep,ourbrainneedsenergytokeepourbody'sbasicfunctions(功能)working.Theseincludebreathing,digesting,andkeepingthebodywarm.Thebrainusesup20to25percentofthebody’stotalenergy.That’s350caloriesperdayforwomanand450forman.Whenyouarefiveorsixyearsold,yourbrainusesupto60percentofthebody'senergy,accordingtoLiveScience.Whenwearethinkinghard,thebrainbumsmorecalories.Inoneexperiment,researchersfoundthatpeoplewhoworkedonahardtaskonacomputeratearound200morecaloriesthanthosewhowereresting.Thatexplainswhyyoufeelhungryandeatmoreaftertakingexamsorstudyingforalongtime.4.Ourbrainsgetenergyfrom________.A.glucose B.calories C.neurons D.resting5.Howmanycaloriesdoesanaveragemanburninaday?A.Around20to25. B.Around350to450.C.Around580to750. D.Around1,800to2,250.6.Intheexperiment,researchersfoundthat________.A.peopleburnedfewercaloriesiftheywerethinkingB.peopleworkingoncomputersatemorethanothersC.peoplewhowererestinggothungry,moreeasilyD.peopleworkingonhardtasksburnedmorecalorie..7.Thestorymainlyexplains________.A.whypeoplefeelhungry.B.howbrainsburncaloriesC.whenourbrainsworkD.whysomepeopleeatmore【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述大脑是如何消耗热量以及热量的来源和消耗方式。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Ourbrainsarepoweredbyglucose,akindofsugarthatcanbefoundincarbohydrateslikericeandnoodles.”（我们的大脑是由葡萄糖驱动的，这种糖存在于碳水化合物中，比如米饭和面条。）可知，我们的大脑从葡萄糖中获取能源。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thebrainusesup20to25percentofthebody'stotalenergy.That’s350caloriesperdayforwomanand450forman.”（大脑消耗人体总能量的20%到25%。也就是说，女性每天消耗350卡路里，男性每天消耗450卡路里。）可知，普通男性每天消耗热量450卡路里，约占其每天消耗总热量的20%到25%，所以，普通男性每天消耗的热量在1800到2250卡路里。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Whenwearethinkinghard,thebrainbumsmorecalories.Inoneexperiment,researchersfoundthatpeoplewhoworkedonahardtaskonacomputeratearound200morecaloriesthanthosewhowereresting.”（当我们努力思考时，大脑会消耗更多的卡路里。在一项实验中，研究人员发现，在电脑上工作的人比休息的人多消耗了大约200卡路里。）可知，人们在做一些困难的工作时，会消耗更多的热量。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Infact,ourbrainsneverstopburningcalories,evenifwearen'tthinkingaboutanything.”（事实上，即使我们什么都不想，我们的大脑也不会停止燃烧卡路里。）以及后文三个段落分别讲述了大脑如何消耗热量，每天消耗的热量及做一些困难工作时会消耗更多热量，可知本文主要讲述人类大脑如何消耗热量的。故选B项。CEveryoneknowsthattherearepeoplewhocankeepsecretsandpeoplewhocan’t.Therearepeoplewhocankeepthingstothemselvesuntilthedaytheydieandpeoplewhosemouthsconstantlyswingopenlikeadoor.Ihaveagranddaughterwho,tryasshemight,justcan’tkeepasecret.Takemyrecentbirthdayforexample.“Iknowit’sgoingtobeyourbirthdaysoon,”shesaidwithanaughtysmile.“Howoldareyougoingtobe?”“HowolddoyouthinkI’mgoingtobe?”“22.That’sprettyold.”“You’reclose.I’mactuallygoingtobe23.”“Whoa,”shesaid,drawingthewordouttomakeabiggerimpact(影响).“MymomsaidshewouldtakemeshoppingbecauseIwantedtobuyyouapresentmyselfandIdid.”Andwiththat,itbegan.Iknewitwasjustamatteroftimebeforesheruinedthesurprise.Ten,nine,eight…itseemedlikeshewasabouttoexplode.“MomtookmetoSteinMart!”Seven,six,five...shejumpedoutofherchairwithexcitement.“Idon’twanttoknowwhatyoubought,”Isad.“Oh,yesyoudo!”Mygranddaughterislikeamindreader;butIcan’ttellherthat.“Youliketurquoise(绿松石),Iknowyoudo”Shewashopping(跳)fromfoottofoot,spinningincircles,hervoicerisinghigher.Four,three,two...“Youdon’twanttoknowifIgotyouanecklace?”“OK,Iwon’ttellyou.”Shesatdownandbegantodraw.Shedrewasemicircle(半圆)withturquoiseshapesborderingitononesideandthen,smilingfromeartoear,heldthedrawinguptoherchest.“IthinkI’mgoingtolikeit?”Isaid.Whenhermompickedherup,sheimmediatelyadmittedtotellingthesecret.Shesaidthatherstomachhadhurtbecausethesecretneededtocomeout.Isn’tthathowitalwayshappens?It’snotyourfault,it’sthesecretsfault.Onmybirthday,Iunwrapped(拆开……的包装)thecolorfulpaperinsidethegiftbagandpulledoutalovelyturquoisenecklace.ItwasverysimilartothedrawingI’dseenthedaybefore.Thekidmayneverhaveacareerinespionage(间谍行为),butshesurelyhasafutureinart.8.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sgranddaughter?A.Shewantedtoruintheauthor'sbirthday.B.Shewasveryworriedthattheauthorwouldn’tlikethegift.C.Shewantedtotelltheauthoraboutthegiftbecauseshewasproudofit.D.Shewasadvisedbyhermothertobuyanecklacefortheauthor.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph9referto?A.HowtheshoppingtripwentB.ThegranddaughtergivingawaythesecretC.Theauthortryingtofindoutaboutthegift.D.Thegranddaughterexplaininghowshechosethegift10.Whatistheauthor’spurposebycountingdown?A.Todescribehownaughtyhergranddaughterwas.B.Toshowhowmuchshewantedtoknowwhatthegiftwas.C.Todescribehowimpatientshewaswithhergranddaughter.D.Toshowhergranddaughtertoldthesecretasquicklyassheexpected.11.Whenshereceivedthegift,theauthor________.A.foundthathergranddaughterhaddrawnitverywellB.wasdisappointedaboutlearningaboutthegifttooearlyCwasannoyedathergranddaughterforlettingoutthesecretD.foundhergranddaughterwassorryfortellingherthesecret【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的孙女不太擅长保守秘密，迫不及待地把自己给爷爷买的生日礼物提前说了出来，破坏了给爷爷的惊喜。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“‘Oh,yesyoudo!’Mygranddaughterislikeamindreader(“哦，不，你想知道!”我的孙女能读心术)”以及“‘Youliketurquoise(绿松石),Iknowyoudo’Shewashopping(跳)fromfoottofoot,spinningincircles,hervoicerisinghigher.(“你喜欢绿松石，我知道你”她一只脚跳着，转着圈子，说话的声音提高了)”可知，作者的孙女对自己选择的礼物很自信，相信作者一定会喜欢，并迫不急待地想告诉作者她买了什么礼物。故选C项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Ihaveagranddaughterwho,tryasshemight,justcan'tkeepasecret.Takemyrecentbirthdayforexample.(我有个孙女，不管她怎么努力，都守不住秘密。以我最近的生日为例)”以及后文详细叙述了作者的孙女是如何一步步把自己准备的生日惊喜给泄露出来的，可知此处it指代“作者的孙女泄露秘密”这件事。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。倒计时的写作手法是本文的一个特点。作者主要通过倒计时来表达自己知道孙女泄密只是时间的问题，也知道孙女马上就要泄密了。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Onmybirthday,Iunwrapped(拆开…的包装)thecolorfulpaperinsidethegiftbagandpulledoutalovelyturquoisenecklace.ItwasverysimilartothedrawingI'dseenthedaybefore.(生日那天，我打开礼物袋里的彩纸，拿出一条可爱的绿松石项链。这和我前一天看到的画非常相似)”可知，作者的孙女画的画和她买的礼物几乎一样。故选A项。DWhenyouwanttogosomewhere,youcaneasilyfindyourwaybyusingamapapponyoursmartphone-Yoursmartphone"knows"whereyouareandcantellyouwheretogo.Thisispossiblewiththehelpofsatellitenavigation（卫星导航）systems.OnJune23,withthelastsatelliteofChina'sBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystemlaunchedintospace,theglobalnetworkof59satelliteshasbeencompleted.OnJuly31,Beidoustartedprovidingfull-scaleglobalservices.Morethan120countriesandregionsarenowusingBeidouservices.TheBDSisentirelybuiltbyChineseengineers,whichisoneoffourglobalnavigationsystems,alongwithUS'GPS,Russia'sGLONASSandtheEuropeanUnion'sGalileo,It'sdifficulttoimaginethegreatimpactthosesatelliteorbiting（围绕…运转）theEarthhaveonourdailylives-WhenyouunlockoneofHellobike'sbicycles,youareusingtheBDS.Thepopularbike-sharingcompanycameoutwithtwonewbikemodelsthisyearthatareequippedwiththepositioning（定位）service."TheintelligentlockoneachbikereceivesBeidousatellitesignalsandsendspositioninginformationtothedatacenter,whichwillhelpcollectbigdataonthebikesandestimateusers*ridingdemandsinadvanceaccordingtothedata/ChuYiqun,amanagerofHellobiketoldXinhuaNewsAgency.UserscanalsofindsharedbikesmoreaccuratelythankstoBeidou'sglobalpositioningaccuracy（精确）of2.34meters.,Beidouadoptsauniquetwo-waycommunicationsystem,includingitsabilitytoreceivemessagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorcommunicationsignals.Itallowspeopletosendtextmessagesupto1,200Chinesecharactersinlengthwhenmobilephoneservicesareinterrupted仲断）bynaturaldisasters.Beidoucanbeusedinareasthatincludefanning,publicservicesandbusiness.Ithasapositioningaccuracyofunder10meters.Thissummer;peoplealongtheYangtzeRiverusedBeidou-baseddevicetomonitor（监测）floodwatersinreal-timewithanaccuracyofjustafewcentimeters.12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBDSfromthearticle?A.ItslastsatellitewaslaunchedonJuly31.B.Itworksbetterwhentheweatherisgood.C.It'sabletoprovideglobalcoveragefornavigationD.Itwasco-developedbyChineseandAmericanengineers.13.Beidouisthe________globalnavigationsystem.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth14.WhydoestheauthormentionHellobikeinparagraph3?A.ToexplainhowtheBDSworks.B.TopresentthebenefitsandlimitationsoftheBDS..C.ToshowhowtheBDSmakespeopleddailyliveseasier.D.ToemphasizethehighpositioningaccuracyoftheBDS.15.WhatisthefunctionofBeidou'stwo-waycommunicationsystem?A.Tocollectideasfromusers.B.Tomakecommunicationmorefun.C.Toallowuserstochatonlinemorefreely.D.Tohelppeoplewhencommunicationsignalsarepoor.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了北斗导航系统的应用功能等基本情况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“OnJune23,withthelastsatelliteofChina'sBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystemlaunchedintospace,theglobalnetworkof59satelliteshasbeencompleted.OnJuly31,Beidoustartedprovidingfull-scaleglobalservices.”（6月23日，随着中国北斗导航卫星系统的最后一颗卫星发射升空，由59颗卫星组成的全球卫星网络已经完成。7月31日，北斗开始提供全面的全球服务。）可知，北斗导航系统能够提供覆盖全球的导航服务。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheBDSisentirelybuiltbyChineseengineers,whichisoneoffourglobalnavigationsystems,alongwithUS'GPS,Russia'sGLONASSandtheEuropeanUnion'sGalileo,”（北斗系统完全由中国工程师建造，与美国的GPS、俄罗斯的GLONASS和欧盟的伽利略一起，是全球四大导航系统之一。）可知，中国的北斗导航系统是全球第四个全球导航系统。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“It'sdifficulttoimaginethegreatimpactthosesatelliteorbiting（围绕…运转）theEarthhaveonourdailylives-WhenyouunlockoneofHellobike'sbicycles,youareusingtheBDS.”（很难想象这些绕地球运行的卫星会对我们的日常生活产生多大的影响——当你打开Hellobike的一辆自行车时，你就在使用北斗系统。）可知，作者在此处提及Hellobike是为了说明北斗导航系统使我们的生活更加容易。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Beidouadoptsauniquetwo-waycommunicationsystem,includingitsabilitytoreceivemessagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorcommunicationsignals.Itallowspeopletosendtextmessagesupto1,200Chinesecharactersinlengthwhenmobilephoneservicesareinterrupted仲断）bynaturaldisasters.”（北斗系统采用独特的双向通信系统，能够接收来自通信信号较差地区的人们发送的信息。当手机服务因自然灾害而中断时，它允许人们发送多达1200个汉字的短信。）可知，北斗独特的双向通信系统可以让通信出现问题时仍然能够与外界沟通。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyhearendlesslyhowgoodexerciseisforourhealth,butyoumightbesurprisedtoknowjusthowgood.____16____Ithelpsyoubreathebetter.Frequentexerciseimprovesthevolumeofoxygenyoucanuseinyourbody.Thisiswhatmakesyoufitandthebenefitsaren'tlimitedtosport.____17____Attendingsomeprofessionalcoursescanbuildcorestrengthandimproveshape,andsostrengthenbreathingmuscles.Physicalactivityenhancesyourmentalhealth.Doingsomethingactivereleases"happy"brainchemicalsthatmakeyoumorepositive.Themoreyoudoit,thebetteryou'llfeel.Butyoudoneedtoworkupabitofasweat.Ifyou'vehadabadday,treatyourselftoalittlebitofexercise.____18________19____Thewayyourgut（内脏）feelsoftenimpactsonyourmentalandphysicalhealth.Walking,runningandyogastrengthenabdominal（腹部）muscles,increaseheartrateandencourageyourmusclestomovedigestivewastethroughyourbodymoreefficientlyanddigestfoodmorequickly.Keepingactivekeepsyouyoung.Theremaynotbeanelixir（灵丹妙药）ofyouthjustyet,butkeepingfitcomesclose.Just15minutesofexerciseadayforeightyearscanincreaseyourlifespanbythreeyears.Themoreyoudo,thelongeryoucouldlive.____20____Itcanbelow-intensityexercise---swimming,agentleexercise,alongwalkonarunningmachineatthegym,oralow-intensityworkoutviaspecialAPPs.A.Itaidsyourdigestion.B.Itgivesyouabetterappetite.C.Increasedmusclestrengthhelpstoo.D.Herearethebenefitsyoucangetfromexercise.E.Thisisbecausephysicalactivitydelayscellageing.F.Peoplethinkthiswillcatchourattentionandinspireouraction.G.Aquickpowerwalkorropeskippingisabrilliantstressreliever.【答案】16.D17.C18.G19.A20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了体育锻炼的四个好处。【16题详解】根据上文“Manyhearendlesslyhowgoodexerciseisforourhealth,butyoumightbesurprisedtoknowjusthowgood（很多人都听说锻炼对健康有好处，但你可能会惊讶地知道锻炼是如何产生好处的）”以及下文小标题讲的都是锻炼的好处，可猜测，划线处的目的是引出锻炼的好处。D选项“Herearethebenefitsyoucangetfromexercise.”（以下是你可以从锻炼中得到的好处。）符合题意，故选D。【17题详解】根据下文“Attendingsomeprofessionalcoursescanbuildcorestrengthandimproveshape,andsostrengthenbreathingmuscles.（参加一些专业的课程可以增强核心力量，改善体形，从而加强呼吸肌。）”可知，本句讲的是锻炼身体对身体肌肉的好处。C选项“Increasedmusclestrengthhelpstoo.”（对增强肌肉力量也有帮助。）符合题意，故选C。【18题详解】根据本段的小标题“Physicalactivityenhancesyourmentalhealth.（体育活动可以增强你的心理健康。）”可知，本段讲述的是体育锻炼对自己心理上的好处。G选项“Aquickpowerwalkorropeskippingisabrilliantstressreliever.”（快速的快步走或跳绳是一种绝妙的减压方式。）符合题意，故选G。【19题详解】根据下文“encourageyourmusclestomovedigestivewastethroughyourbodymoreefficientlyanddigestfoodmorequickly.（鼓励你的肌肉更有效地通过你的身体消化废物和更快地消化食物。）”可知，本段是讲锻炼对内脏食物消化有帮助。A选项“Itaidsyourdigestion.”（它有助于消化。）符合题意，故选A。【20题详解】根据本段小标题“Keepingactivekeepsyouyoung.（保持活力让你年轻。）”以及前文“Themoreyoudo,thelongeryoucouldlive.（你做得越多，你就能活得越久。）”可知，划线句讲述的是体育锻炼与年轻化的关系。E选项“Thisisbecausephysicalactivitydelayscellageing.”（这是因为体育活动可以延缓细胞衰老。）符合题意，故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oneday,theemployeesofalargecompanyreturnedfromtheirlunchbreakandsawasignonthefrontdoor.Itsaid,“Yesterdaythepersonwho’sbeenholdingyoubackinthiscompany___21___.Weinviteyouto___22___thefuneralinthebiggestmeetingroom.”Atfirsteveryonewas___23___tohearthatoneoftheircolleagueshaddied,butafterawhiletheystartedgetting___24___aboutwhothispersonmightbe.Theexcitement___25___astheemployeesarrivedatthemeetingroomtopaytheirlastrespects.Everyone___26___:“Whoisthispersonthatinmyway?Well,___27___he’snolongerhere!”Onebyonetheemployeesgotclosertothecoffin(棺材).Whentheylookedinsideit,theywere___28___.Theystoodoverthecoffin,shockedandinsilence,___29___someonehadtouchedthedeepestpartoftheirsoul.Therewasa____30____insidethecoffin:Everyonewholookedinsideitcouldseehimself.Therewasalsoasignnexttothemirrorthatsaid:“Thereisonlyonepersonwhocanstopyourselffrom____31____:ItisYOU.”Youaretheonlypersonwhocan____32____yourhappinessandyoursuccess.Youaretheonlypersonwhocan____33____yourself.Yourlifedoesnot____34____whenyourfamilychanges,whenyourfriendschange,orwhenyourcompanychanges.YourlifechangeswhenYOUchange,whenyou____35____thatyouaretheonlyoneresponsibleforyourlife.21.A.disappeared B.lost C.left D.died22.A.arrange B.attend C.perform D.hold23.A.sad B.excited C.angry D.calm24.A.upset B.anxious C.curious D.worried25.A.happened B.grew C.appeared D.decreased26.A.wondered B.doubted C.imagined D.expected27.A.infact B.inparticular C.atlast D.atleast28.A.frightened B.pleased C.hopeless D.speechless29.A.because B.when C.asif D.evenif30.A.light B.mirror C.picture D.letter31.A.succeeding B.dreaming C.playing D.learning32.A.discover B.share C.judge D.influence33A.understand B.beat C.help D.accept34.A.count B.change C.stop D.improve35.A.realize B.remember C.admit D.believe【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，一家公司的员工去世了，要求员工参加葬礼，开始人们很好奇是谁，最后发现棺材里只有一面镜子，文章想告诉人们，自己是唯一对自己的生活负责的人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天，公司里阻碍你前进的人死了。A.disappeared消失；B.lost丢失；C.left离开；D.died死亡。根据后文的“thefuneral”和“oneoftheircolleagueshaddied”，可知此处是有人死了。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们邀请你在最大的会议室参加葬礼。A.arrange安排；B.attend参加；C.perform表演；D.hold拥有。前文说“inviteyou”，所以是邀请人参加葬礼。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，每个人听到他们其中一个同事去世了都很伤心，但一段时间后，他们开始好奇这个人可能是谁。A.sad悲伤的；B.excited激动的；C.angry愤怒的；D.calm镇定的。得知有人去世了，应该是很伤心。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，每个人听到他们其中一个同事去世了都很伤心，但一段时间后，他们开始好奇这个人可能是谁。A.upset沮丧的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.curious好奇的；D.worried担心的。but表转折，前面一开始说人们很伤心，但是不知道是谁去世了，所以很好奇。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当员工们来到会议室致以他们最后的敬意时，兴奋之情逐渐增加。A.happened发生；B.grew增加；C.appeared出现；D.decreased减少。举行告别仪式时，员工们更加好奇是谁去世了，所以这里兴奋之情增加了。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都想知道：“挡我路的人是谁？好吧，至少他不在了！”A.wondered想知道；B.doubted疑惑；C.imagined想象；D.expected期望。由下文的“Whoisthispersonthatinmyway?”可知，员工不知道阻碍自己发展的人是谁，所以很想知道。故选A项。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：每个人都想知道：“挡我路的人是谁？好吧，至少他不在了！”A.infact事实上；B.inparticular尤其；C.atlast最后；D.atleast至少。此处表示一种庆幸，指至少阻碍自己的人不在了。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当看向棺材里面的时候，他们说不出话来，好像有人触碰到了他们灵魂的最深处。A.frightened害怕的；B.pleased满足的；C.hopeless无希望的；D.speechless说不出话的。根据后文的“shockedandinsilence”，可知此处指说不出话。故选D项。【29题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当看向棺材里面的时候，他们说不出话来，好像有人触碰到了他们灵魂的最深处。A.because因为；B.when当；C.asif好像；D.evenif即使。由上文语境可知，众人看完棺材后都沉默了，就好像被人触及了灵魂最深处，是非真实情况下的假设。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：棺材里有一面镜子：每个人都能看到自己。A.light灯；B.mirror镜子；C.picture照片；D.letter信。根据下文的“Therewasalsoasignnexttothemirror”，可知棺材里放的是镜子。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：镜子旁边还有一块牌子，上面写着：“只有一个人可以阻止你成功，那就是你自己。”A.succeeding成功；B.dreaming梦想；C.playing玩；D.learning学习。根据文章开头的“Yesterdaythepersonwho’sbeenholdingyouback”和下文的“Youaretheonlypersonwhocan___12___yourhappinessandyoursuccess.”，可知，此处表示阻止自己成功。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是唯一一个可以影响自己开心和成功的人。A.discover发现；B.share分享；C.judge评判；D.influence影响。由上文的“Thereisonlyonepersonwhocanstopyourselffrom___11___:ItisYOU.”可知，阻止自己成功的人只有自己，说明自己才是影响自己开心和成功的人。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是唯一一个能够帮助你自己的人。A.understand明白；B.beat打败；C.help帮助；D.accept接受。此处帮助自己和前文影响自己的开心和成功对应。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的家庭、朋友或者公司改变的时候，你的生活不会改变。A.count数；B.change改变；C.stop停止；D.improve提高。根据后文的“YourlifechangeswhenYOUchange”，可知生活只会因自己而改变，此处表示生活不会因其它因素而改变。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你改变，当你意识到你是唯一对你的生活负责的人时，你的生活就改变了。A.realize意识到；B.remember记得；C.admit承认；D.believe相信。由下文的“youaretheonlyoneresponsibleforyourlife”可知，结合上文讲的“自己才是影响自己开心和成功的人”，此处指意识到自己是唯一对自己生命负责这一真相，自己的生命会因此改变。故选A项。第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）注意：将答案写在答题卡上.写在本试卷上无效第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.TheSilkRoadwasapassageforthetransportationofsilkinancienttimes.Lotsofrelics(遗迹)ontheroadcanstill___36___(see)now.Fromtherelicstouristscanseetheoutlineoftheancientmetropolitan(大都会的)areasalong___37___fantasticroad.Inthetourpackages,touristscanimagine___38___(they)tobeancientmerchants(商人)byridingcamelsindeserts.TheSilkRoadisalongroute,___39___coversseveralprovincesinChina,fromShaanxiintheeasttoGansuProvinceandXinjianginthewest.IfitisyourfirsttriptoChina,we___40___(strong)recommendyoushouldspendatleasttendaysvisitingBering,Xi'an,Dunhuang,UrumqiandKashgar.YoucouldgettoknowabouthistryofChina___41___experiencecolorfulsceneryalongtheSilkRoad.Ifyouarean___42___(experience)travelerwantingtoexploreChinafully,itissuggestedthatyoushouldtraveltoDunhuang,Zhangye,Jiayugnan,Turpan,KashgarandUmmqitofollowthefootprintofMarcoPolo.T