高中英语课堂导学Module6TheInternetandTelecommunications教学素材外研版必修1

PAGEPAGE12用心爱心专心课堂导学文本感知Ⅰ.READINGANDVOCABULARY1.Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusof______.A.thefirstcomputerB.thefirstnetworkC.thedevelopmentofNSFNETD.usesofthenetwork答案：B2.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecanconcludethat______.A.EnglishwillbereplacedbyChineseontheWebinthefutureB.EnglishwillstillcontroltheWebinthefutureC.ChinesewillbecomeoneofthemainlanguagesontheWebinthefutureD.youwon’tgetinformationfromthewebifyoudon’tknowChineseinthefuture答案：C3.TheideaoftheWorldWideWebappearedin______by______.A.1969;DARPAB.1984;NSFC.1991;TimBerners-LeeD.1989;TimBerners-Lee答案：D4.TheWorldWideWebisusedto______.A.shareinformationwithothercomputerusersB.storeimportantinformationC.carryinformationtoothercomputerusersD.makethousandsofmillionaires答案：A5.Thebesttitleofthispassageis______.A.Berners-Lee,theInventorofWWWB.WanttoBeaMillionaire?GotoWWW!C.TheDevelopmentoftheInternetD.TheUsesoftheInternet答案:CⅡ.CULTURALCORNER1.Whydopeopleprefertousetextmessagesinsteadoftalkingonthephones?A.Theywanttokeepsecret.B.Theywanttosavemoney.C.Theywanttomakejokes.D.Theywanttoplaywordgames.答案：B2.Ifyouwanttounderstandtheemoticon,you’dbetterlookat______.A.upsidedownB.inthefaceC.fromtheupsideD.fromtheside答案：D3.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.howtomakeyourphonecallcheaperB.textmessagesandemoticonsC.howtoreadtextmessagesandemoticonsD.howtoshortenyourtextmessages答案：B4.Fromthepassage,weknowthat______.A.itiseasytounderstandsomeshortmessagesifyouareaChineseB.itishardtounderstandtheemoticonsifyoudon’tknowEnglish.C.theshortmessagescannotbemadebyChineseD.shortmessagessometimesmakeuspuzzled答案:D难句透视1.ACD-ROMisaseparatediskthatcontainslotsofinformation.一个光盘只读存储器是一个可以容纳大量信息的单独的圆盘。剖析:CD-ROM是compactdiscread-onlymemory的缩略词,意为“光盘只读存储器”；separate是形容词作定语修饰disk,意指“单独的”；contain意为“容纳”。information是不可数名词。2.TheInternetisthebiggestsourceofinformationintheworld,andit’saccessiblethroughacomputer.因特网是世界上最大的信息来源,可以通过电脑获取。剖析:source指“来源”；isaccessible意为“可使用的”。3.Itconsistsofmillionsofpagesofdata.它是由数百万页资料组成的。剖析:consistof由……组成；pages指“网页”；data是复数名词,单数是datum,意为“资料,信息,情报”。4.NSF-NetworkbecameknownastheInter-Network,or“Internet”.NSF-Network作为互联网络或“因特网”而变得著名。剖析:become/beknownas作为……而出名，被称为……,叫做……;be强调状态,become强调(由不为人所知到为人所知的)变化。5.Atthemoment,about80percentofwebtrafficisinEnglish,butthispercentageisgoingdown.现在,百分之八十的网络信息是英文的,但是这一比例正在下降。剖析:atthemoment意为“目前”；traffic是不可数名词。80percentageofwebtraffic作主语,webtraffic为不可数名词,谓语用单数形式is。godown(价格、价值、程度、数量等)下降；降低6.HecameupwiththeideaoftheWorldWideWebin1989whilehewasworkinginSwitzerland.1989年在瑞士工作时,他产生了互联网的想法。剖析:cameupwith提出，想出;whilehewasworkinginSwitzerland是时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”。7.Berners-LeemadeitpossibleforeveryonetousetheInternet,notjustuniversitiesandthearmy.贝尔纳斯·李让每个人使用因特网成为可能,而不仅仅是大学和军队。剖析:madeitpossible属“make+宾语+宾补”句式，意为“使……成为可能”；it是形式宾语；foreveryonetousetheInternet是真正的宾语。notjust意为“不仅仅……”。8.Withinfiveyears,thenumberofInternetusersrosefrom600000to40million.在五年中,因特网的用户从600000增长到40000000。剖析:within强调在五年内,不超过五年；thenumber是主语。rosefrom...to...从……增长到了……9.Atthispoint,ChinapassedtheUStobecomethelargestmobilemarketintheworld.在这一点上,中国已超过美国,成为了世界上最大的手机市场。剖析:atthepoint是习惯用语,意为“在这一点上”。passed是及物动词,意为“超过”；tobecomethelargest...是不定式作结果状语。要点解读一、词汇详解1.containv.包含;容纳;控制【典型例句】Thebookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.这本书包含着你需要的所有信息。Thestadiumisbigenoughtocontain100thousandaudience.这个体育场可以容纳十万观众。Anadultshouldbeabletocontainoneself.一个成年人应当能够控制自己。【相关链接】include和contain的区别两者都有“包含”的意思,contain用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分内容；include则只是包含一部分内容。例如：Thebookweareusingincludesarevisionmodule.我们正在用的书包括一个复习模块。单项填空—WherecanIgetthelatestnewsabouttheAthens2004OlympicGames?—GototheInternet;Alotofwebsiteswillgiveyouthemostrecentnews,______Sina,Sohu,Yahoo,etc.A.includedB.containingC.includingD.contains提示:includingSina,Sohu,Yahoo,etc.包含新浪网、搜狐网、雅虎网等。答案:C2.accessn.接近；通路；使用vt.&vi.接近；使用【典型例句】Onlyafewpeoplehaveaccesstothefullfactsofthecase.只有少数几个人能看到有关该案全部事实的材料。Theonlyaccesstotheirhouseisalongthatnarrowroad.只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。YoucanaccesstheinformationfromanywhereintheInternet.你能够在网上的任何地方使用这个信息。【知识小结】access常构成haveaccessto短语,意为“能够使用……”。to是介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。【相关链接】accessibleadj.可进入的；可使用的Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessibletochildren.药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。单项填空(1)Therearealotof______websitesonyoursubject;it’sonlyamatterofaclick.A.enableB.possibleC.accessibleD.obtainable提示：accessible可以使用的。答案:C(2)Forprofessionalathletes,______totheOlympicsmeansthattheyhaveachancetoenterthehistorybooks.A.accessB.attachC.appealD.approach提示:access进入，使用；attach是动词,意为“系,附加”；appeal作名词用时,意为“吸引力”；approach作名词用时意为“途径,靠近”。答案:A3.logvt.记录；登录【典型例句】Wecannotlogonbecausethecomputerhascrashed.我们不能登入,因为电脑死机了。Logoffthisaddressandtryanother.退出这个网址,再试一个。【知识小结】logon登入,进入logoff退出单项填空Robin,Imaynotbeableto______onYahootonightasImaynothaveaPCthathasaccesstogamesYahoo.A.enterB.logC.useD.access提示:logonyahoo登入雅虎。答案:B4.sourcen.来源；出处【典型例句】Thenewscomesfromareliablesource.这消息来自一位可靠人士。DoyouknowthesourceofAmazonRiver?你知道亚马逊河的源头吗?【相关链接】resourcen.资源Theexploitationofnaturalresourceswasheldbackbythelackoftechnicians.自然资源的开发因缺少技术人员而受阻。单项填空TheInternetisofgreatvalueasadata______.A.resourceB.sourceC.wealthD.basis提示:句意为“因特网作为一个信息来源是很有价值的”。答案:B5.consistof由……组成【典型例句】Airconsistschieflyofnitrogen.空气主要由氮组成。Thecommitteeconsistsoftwentymembers.该委员会由二十名会员组成。【知识小结】consistof没有被动形式,在语意上相当于bemadeupof.【相关链接】consistin在于……Happinessconsistsincontentment.幸福在于知足。consistwith与……相符Hisconclusionsdonotconsistwiththefacts.他的结论与事实不符。单项填空(1)TheGroupofEight______theeightrichestcountriesintheworld.A.consistsbyB.consistsofC.isconsistedbyD.isconsistedof提示:consistof意为“由……组成”“由……构成”,consist无被动式。答案:B(2)Thismachineis______hundredsofdifferentparts.A.madeofB.madefromC.madeupofD.consistedof提示:bemadeof和bemadefrom由……材料制成。前者看得出原材料,后者看不出；D项没有被动用法。答案:C6.aswell也【典型例句】HeknowsFrench,andheknowsEnglishaswell.他懂法语,他也懂英语。I’mfondofsurfingthenetaswell.我也喜欢上网冲浪。【知识小结】aswell常用于肯定句句尾,表示“还,也”等,相当于too。【相关链接】aswellas还有;不但……,而且……IcanspeakJapaneseaswellasEnglish.我不但会说英语,也会说日语。(重点在于会说日语)单项填空—Dr.WhitehasgotplentyofinformationaboutUFO.He’spromisedtoofferittome.—Ihaveasmuch.Wouldyouliketohavemine______?A.aswellB.aspossibleC.sofarD.ifso提示:句意:“怀特博士有足够的关于UFO的资料。他答应提供给我。”“我也有很多,你也愿意要我的吗？”,此处用aswell表示“也”。答案:A7.viaprep.途经；经由；通过【典型例句】HeflewtoNewYorkviaHongKong.他经过香港飞往纽约。IsentamessagetoMaryviaherfriend.我通过玛丽的朋友带信给她。单项填空NowwecanwatchvariousliveTVprogrammes______thecommunicationsatellites.A.onB.inC.fromD.via提示:句意:现在我们可通过通讯卫星观看不同的直播电视节目。答案:D8.godown下去,下降,落下,记下【典型例句】Ifthewindgoesdown,wemaybeabletosailtomorrow.如果风变小了,我们明天就可能出海。Shareshavegonedownagainbysixpoints.股票又下跌了6点。Theshipwentdownlikelead.这只船像铅似的下沉。Hewillgodowninhistoryasanationalhero.他将作为一位民族英雄名垂史册。单项填空Sincethecomputerpricehas______,whynotbuyone,MadamKin?A.broughtdownB.putdownC.gonedownD.takendown提示:价格下降,可用bebroughtdown或godown。putdown放下,镇压；takedown记下,拿下来。答案:C9.comeupwith(针对问题等)想出;提供;赶上【典型例句】Hecameupwithgoodideasfortheproductpromotion.他想出一个推广产品的好方法。Hecouldnotcomeupwithaproperanswer.他想不出一个合适的回答。Wecameupwithagroupoftourists.我们赶上了一群旅游者。单项填空Themanagerisveryhappywiththenamesthatwehave______forthenewcompany.A.putupwithB.caughtupwithC.keptupwithD.comeupwith提示:putupwith忍受；catchupwith赶上；keepupwith保持同步；comeupwith提出。答案:D10.designvt.设计;构思:绘制;打算将……用作n.设计；图案；计划【典型例句】Theexperimentisdesignedtotestthenewdrug.实验的目的是试验新药。Theglovesweredesignedforextremelycoldclimates.这些手套是为严寒地区制造的。Ilikethedesignofthatrug.我喜欢那地毯的图案。Thedesignwastobuildanewlibrary.计划是建造一个新图书馆。单项填空Childrenabove12areabletotakepartinskiing(滑雪)orotheractivities______forthem.A.designedB.designingC.todesignD.havingdesigned提示:designed是过去分词作后置定语,修饰activities,意为“为……而设计的活动”。答案:A11.concentratev.全神贯注,精神集中,专心致志；集中,集合；浓缩【典型例句】Weshouldconcentratealloureffortsonimprovingeducation.我们应该集中精力努力改进教育工作。Troopsareconcentratingsouthoftheriver.军队正向河的南边集结。【知识小结】concentrateon聚精会神；集中思想Sheistoodistractedtoconcentrateproperlyonherstudy.她过于心烦意乱,无法集中精力学习。单项填空Annecouldn’tconcentrate______whatshewasdoingwhileherfamilywerewatchingTV.A.toB.onC.forD.in提示:concentrate与介词on形成固定搭配。句意:全家人都在看电视,安妮不能集中注意力做她正在做的事情。答案:B12.comparevt.比较,比作vi.(可与……)相比,匹敌【典型例句】Pleasecomparethetranslationwith/totheoriginal.请拿原文同译文对照。Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。Theseorangesaresweet,comparedwiththoseIboughtyesterday这些橘子比我昨天买的要甜。Londonislarge,comparedtoParis.和巴黎比,伦敦要大些。Comparedwithmine,yourworkishard.和我的工作相比,你的任务要艰巨些。【知识小结】compare...to..多用来说明相似之处,常译为“比作,比为”；也可用于比较之意；但compare...with...往往强调“与……比较”之意,不用于“比作”。单项填空(1)Herudely______myhomemadebreadtoalumpofrock.A.preferredB.comparedC.matchedD.thought提示:句意:他把我家做的面包比喻成硬石块,真是无理。答案:B(2)Inthe16-19agegroup,32ofwomensmoke______28ofmen.A.comparingtoB.comparingwithC.comparedtoD.comparewith提示:表示“与……相比”,我们既可以用comparedto也可以用comparedwith。答案:C二、句型剖析1.it作形式宾语【典型例句】HefounditveryimportantforthestudentstolearnEnglishwell.他发现对于学生来说学好英语很重要。Ihearditsaidthatyou’vegotanunusualstamp.我听说你得到了一枚罕见的邮票。Itrytomakeitpossibletocontactwithyouatanytime.我努力使得随时与你取得联系成为可能。Hethoughtitannoyingtoliveinthenoisycity.他认为生活在吵闹的城市里真烦人。【知识小结】及物动词后面接不定式或that从句时,如果有宾补,则要用it作形式宾语,放在宾语的位置,把真正的宾语放到句末。适用于这种句式的谓语动词有:think,find,believe,feel等。单项填空(1)Idon’tthink______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it提示:it作形式宾语,代替真正的宾语tomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork。将C改成it’s也对,那么该句就由简单句变成了Idon’tthink后接宾语从句的主从复合句。答案:D(2)I’veheard______saidthatElizabethisatoughbusinesswoman.A.itB.herC.whatD.that提示:it是形式宾语,said是过去分词作宾补,真正的宾语从句在宾补后。实际上此题考查Itissaidthat...。答案:A2.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气【典型例句】Ifhewerehere,hecouldhelpyou.如果他在这里,他会帮助你的。IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldcallhim.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了。【知识小结】在与现在事实相反的非真实条件句中,if从句的谓语动词用过去式(动词be通常用were),主句的谓语可用“would/could/might/should+动词原形”。如果if虚拟条件句含有were,had或should,还可使用倒装式,即将if省略,将were,had或should放在主语之前。例如:Ifwehadtime,wewouldgowithyou.如果我们有时间,我们就跟你去。=Hadwetime,wewouldgowithyou.【相关链接】如果与将来事实相反,if从句用一般过去时/wereto+动词原形/could/should+v.，主句用could/should等情态动词+动词原形。如果与过去事实相反,if从句用haddone;主句用could/might/would+havedone。单项填空(1)IfI______plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughtto提示:此题考虚拟语气的用法。从整句话的含义可判断“if”引导的从句须用虚拟语气。答案:B(2)IfHarrydidnotattendtheconferencelastnight,he______toomuchworktodo.A.hadtohavehadB.hadhadC.musthavehadD.musthave提示:句意:如果哈利昨天没有参加会议的话,他肯定有许多工作要做。注意条件句中的时态是didnotattend,所以判断这不是叙述过去情况的虚拟语气。空格处是对过去情况的猜测——他一定昨天晚上有很多工作要做,所以才没有去参加会议的。答案:C三、语法详解冠词（零冠词和定冠词）1.定冠词——特指。最主要的几种用法：（1）表示上文提到过的人或事。Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisveryuseful.我昨天买了一本字典,这本字典很有用。（2）用于说话人和听话人心中都明白的人或事。Shutthedoor,please.请关上门。（3）表示世界上独一无二的事物。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。（4）放在复数姓氏前表示一家人或夫妇。theTurners特纳一家人或特纳夫妇（5）用在序数词和形容词的最高级前。thefirst,thesecond,themostbeautiful(6)用在表示方位的名词前。thenorth,thewest,theeast(7)放在形容词前,表示一类人。thepoor,therich,thewounded,thesick(8)放在一些专有名词前theUK,theUSA,theGreatWall(9)用在乐器前Sheplaysthepianoverywell.她的钢琴弹得很好。2.零冠词——不使用冠词（1）季节、月份、星期、三餐、呼语、家人称谓、节假日、球类和棋类Shelikesspringbest.她最喜欢春天。PleasegiveeachothergiftsonChristmasDay.请在圣诞节互赠对方礼物。(2)表示总数的复数名词前Childrenlikecartoons.儿童喜欢动画片。(3)学科名称前Englishisdifficulttolearn.英语难学。(4)表示职位的词,在句子中作表语、补语、同位语时Hewaschosenchairmanofthemeeting.他被选为大会主席。(5)某一些词，如：church,school,hospital,prison,bed,college等表示抽象意义时。Hewasputintoprison.他被投进了监狱。（6）用于固定结构中inpublic,inuse,infavorof等。单项填空(1)Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto______hotel;Icanfindyou______bedinmyflat.A.the;aB.the;/C.a;theD.a;/提示：这道题考查冠词的用法。句意是“下次来度假时不要住旅馆了,在我的公寓里给你找张床”。答案：A(2)Mr.Lidecidedtohave______supperathomeon______Mid-autumnFestival.A.the;aB.a;theC./;theD./;/提示：一日三餐之前不加冠词,“中秋节”前常使用定冠词。答案：C(3)______meetingheldlastnightwas______greatsuccess.A.A;aB.A;/C.T