广东省广州市番禺区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2023学年第二学期高一年级教学质量监测英语本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、学校、班级、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoEpcot’sFestivaloftheArtsFestivalInformationHeldannuallyatWaltDisneyWorldResort,Epcot’sFestivaloftheArtsinvolvesvariousactivitiesfromviewingartexhibitsandparticipatingininteractiveworkshopstoenjoyingcreativeandcolorfulfooddishes.PopularEventsExpressionSection:APaintbyNumbersMural(壁画)Itisalarge-scale,community-drivenartprojectwhereparentsandtheirkidscancontributetoamassivemuralbypaintingsectionsofit.VisittheExpressionSectionboothtopickuppaintandabrush.Then,paintafewsquaresthatcancorrespondwithyourpaintcolor.ArtfulPhotoOpsThisisanopportunityforkidstotakefunfamilypicturesagainstthebackgroundofvariousmuralsandinteractive3DartequipmentthroughoutEpcot’sFestivaloftheArts.Findthesestep-inframesaroundEPCOT:InternationalGateway:LuncheonoftheBoatingPartyMexicoPavilion:AnHomagetoFridaKahloAnimation(动画制作)AcademyThisisahands-onworkshopwhereyouandyourkidscanlearntodrawbelovedDisneycharacters,guidedbyarealDisneyartist.It’sauniqueopportunityforyourkidstomakegooduseoftheircreativity.ThisexperiencetakesplaceinAmericaGardensTheatre.KidsChalkArtItisaninteractiveartexperiencewherekidscanwatchimpressivechalkbecreatedrightbeforetheireyesandevenparticipateincreatingsomechalkartthemselves.ThisexperienceisofferedatthebridgetoWorldShowcasePlaza.TicketPricesStandarddate-basedticketsareoffered,whichrequiresyoutochooseastartdate.Oneticketperdayforanadultcosts$120andkidsunder12getperticketwith20%off.Youcansave$20perticketifyoupurchase3-dayorlongertickets!1.WhatisafeatureofEpcot’sFestivaloftheArts?A.Itis3D-centered. B.Itisfood-themed.C.Itismonthlyheld. D.Itiskid-friendly.2.WherecanvisitorspaintDisneycharactersundertheguidanceofanartist?A.InternationalGateway. B.WorldShowcasePlaza.C.AmericaGardensTheatre. D.TheExpressionSectionbooth.3.Howmuchdoacoupleandakidofsevenpayfortheone-daytickets?A.$300. B.$336. C.$340. D.$360.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Epcot艺术节的相关信息。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章表格中第二行“Thisisanopportunityforkidstotakefunfamilypicturesagainstthebackgroundofvariousmuralsandinteractive3DartequipmentthroughoutEpcot’sFestivaloftheArts.(这是一个机会，让孩子们在各种壁画和互动3D艺术设备的背景下拍摄有趣的家庭照片)”和第三行“Thisisahands-onworkshopwhereyouandyourkidscanlearntodrawbelovedDisneycharacters,guidedbyarealDisneyartist.(这是一个动手车间，你和你的孩子可以学习绘制心爱的迪斯尼人物，由一个真正的迪斯尼艺术家的指导)”和第四行“Itisaninteractiveartexperiencewherekidscanwatchimpressivechalkbecreatedrightbeforetheireyesandevenparticipateincreatingsomechalkartthemselves.(这是一种互动的艺术体验，孩子们可以在他们眼前观看令人印象深刻的粉笔创作，甚至自己参与创作一些粉笔艺术)”可知，Epcot艺术节的特色是儿童友好型。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章表格中第三行“Thisisahands-onworkshopwhereyouandyourkidscanlearntodrawbelovedDisneycharacters,guidedbyarealDisneyartist.

It’sauniqueopportunityforyourkidstomakegooduseoftheircreativity.ThisexperiencetakesplaceinAmericaGardensTheatre.(这是一个动手车间，你和你的孩子可以学习绘制心爱的迪斯尼人物，由一个真正的迪斯尼艺术家的指导。这是一个独特的机会，让你的孩子充分利用他们的创造力。这种体验在美国花园剧院上演)”可知，在艺术家的指导下，游客可以在美国花园剧院画迪士尼人物。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Oneticketperdayforanadultcosts$120andkidsunder12getperticketwith20%off.Youcansave$20perticketifyoupurchase3-dayorlongertickets!(成人每天一张票120美元，12岁以下儿童每张票打8折。如果你购买3天或更长时间的票，每张票可以节省20美元!)”可知，一对夫妇和一个七岁的孩子买一天的票需要的钱数为：120+120+120*0.8=336美元。故选B项。BWeareinWollemiNationalPark,northofSydney,Australia.It’sSeptember1994.Imagineaforestranger(护林员)walkinginthewilderness.HisnameisDavidNoble.Heclimbsdowntoaremotedeepvalleyandseessomethingthathewillneverforget.Infrontofhimisastrangeforestofunusualtrees.Thetallestarealmost40metershigh,andthebasediameter(底部直径)oftheirtrunksisaboutonemeter.Thetreesdonothavetheleavesthatweusuallyseeandlookabitlikegiantferns(蕨类植物)withgreenbranches.Deeplyimpressedbytheunusualtrees,Davidpicksupadrybranchfromthegroundandputsitinhisbackpack.Hestaysunderthesestrangetreesforawhileandthencontinueshishike.David’schancefindingthatdaybecameoneofthemostsignificantbotanicalfindsin100years,astheancienttreespecieswasthoughttobeextinctmillionsofyearsago.Infact,itissounbelievablyrarethatithassincebeencomparedwithfindingasmalldinosaurstillaliveonEarth.SothereareancientdinosaurtreesinWollemiNationalPark.ThetreeisnamedWollemiaNobilis.TheParktakesimmediateactiontoprotectthetrees.Onlyafewresearchersareallowedtoseethem.Theyaretakentothedeepvalleybyhelicopter,andbeforetheygetthere,theireyesarecovered.Crowdsofvisitorswillnodoubtdestroythetrees,butnaturaldisasters,forexample,forestfires,canalsothreatenthem.Wearenowin2024,andtheWollemiaenvironmentalprotectioneffortisinfullswing.Wollemiaseedsareonsale.YoungWollemiaspopupinhomes,gardensandparksaroundtheworld.Thosewhowanttoseetheendangeredspeciesdon’thavetosearchfortheirnaturalhabitat.Instead,theycanseethetreesinparksclosertohome.4.WhatmakesDavidpayspecialattentiontothetrees?A.Theirhabitat. B.Theirsize.C.Theirhistory. D.Theirfeatures.5.WhyisthediscoveryofWollemiaNobilisconsideredimportant?A.Itisregardedasthemostpreciousplant.B.Itwasbelievedtobeanextinctspecies.C.Itlooksmuchmorelikeasmalldinosaur.D.Ithasgrowninthedeepvalleyforcenturies.6.WhatactiondoestheParktaketoprotectthetrees?A.Employingstrictaccessmeasures.B.Permittingnobodytoentertheirhabitat.C.Encouragingresearcherstoclonethem.D.Relocatingthetreestopreventforestfires.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TimelessTrees:AnAustralianMysteryB.TheHiddenForest:DiscoveredinAustraliaC.LostandFound:Australia’sPrehistoricSurvivorD.AncientFerns:ADiscoveryinAustralia’sWild【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了护林员DavidNoble在1994年在沃勒米国家公园发现了一种被认为已灭绝的古老树种——凤尾杉。这一发现极为重要，公园采取了保护措施。到了2024年，凤尾杉已经被广泛种植，使得这种濒危物种在世界各地的公园中得以被观赏。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thetallestarealmost40metershigh,andthebasediameter(底部直径)oftheirtrunksisaboutonemeter.Thetreesdonothavetheleavesthatweusuallyseeandlookabitlikegiantferns(蕨类植物)withgreenbranches.(最高的将近40米高，树干底部直径约为1米。这些树没有我们通常看到的叶子，看起来有点像长着绿色树枝的巨大蕨类植物)”可知，这些树与众不同的特征让David特别注意到它们。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“David’schancefindingthatdaybecameoneofthemostsignificantbotanicalfindsin100years,astheancienttreespecieswasthoughttobeextinctmillionsofyearsago.(David那天的偶然发现成为100年来最重要的植物学发现之一，因为这种古老的树种被认为在数百万年前就灭绝了)”可知，凤尾杉的发现被认为重要的原因在于它被认为是一种灭绝的物种。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TheParktakesimmediateactiontoprotectthetrees.Onlyafewresearchersareallowedtoseethem.Theyaretakentothedeepvalleybyhelicopter,andbeforetheygetthere,theireyesarecovered.(公园立即采取行动保护树木。只有少数研究人员可以看到它们。他们被直升机带到深谷，在他们到达之前，他们的眼睛被遮住)”可知，该公园采用严格的准入措施，以保护该树种。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“David’schancefindingthatdaybecameoneofthemostsignificantbotanicalfindsin100years,astheancienttreespecieswasthoughttobeextinctmillionsofyearsago.Infact,itissounbelievablyrarethatithassincebeencomparedwithfindingasmalldinosaurstillaliveonEarth.(David那天的偶然发现成为100年来最重要的植物学发现之一，因为这种古老的树种被认为在数百万年前就灭绝了。事实上，它是如此罕见，以至于人们把它与在地球上发现一种仍然活着的小恐龙相提并论)”可知，文章围绕凤尾杉展开，介绍了这一被认为已灭绝的古老树种的发现、保护和繁盛的情况。因此，C项“遗失与发现：澳大利亚的史前幸存者”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。CIn1998,IheadedfromasmalltowninSouthWalestoSheffieldUniversity.Sheffield,theUK’sfourthbiggestcity,haditall—clubs,bars,andtheaters.Itwasahugecontrasttomyhometown,whichhadn’thadacinemauntil1997.Sheffieldhadvariouschoices—IthoughtI’dloveit.ButImissedtheWyeValleyoccasionally.Overtime,Isettled.NowI’velivedinSheffieldlongerthaninmyhometown.YetnomatterhowhappyIaminmyadoptedcity,there’salwaysadesiretoreturntoWales.Thesimpleansweristhattheideaofhomedoesn’tnecessarilyrelatetotimespentinaplace—instead,itisaboutaspecialconnectionandafeelingofsafety.“Homesicknessusuallycomesfrombeingsomewherethatdoesn’tquitefeellikehome,”sayspsychologistWendyDignan.“Ashumans,wecreateasafezone(地带).Somepeoplemaynotbeparticularlyattached(依恋)toaplace,sotheyalwaysfeelsafe.However,others’safezonemightbeaparticularplace,ahome,orafamiliarperson,theabsenceofwhichmayleadtohomesıckness.”Therearethingsyoucanhelpyourselfifyouarestrugglingwithhomesickness.Dignansuggestsgoingtothesamecoffeeshoporgymatacertaintimetobuildapatternoffamiliaritybecause,itisausefultoolforovercominghomesicknessandbuildingthatall-importantsafezone.Whensomuchinourlivesisunpredictable,itisnosurprisethatwecravesafezone.I’mfortunatetohavealovingfamily,supportivefriends,andacomfortablehomeinSheffield,buthowevermuchIlovemylifehere,there’saninnerpartofmethatwillforeverbeinWales.8.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor’shometown?A.Underdeveloped. B.Well-designed.C.Well-known. D.Overpopulated.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thedifferenttypesofsafezones.B.Thecauseforpeople’shomesickness.C.Thevalueofovercominghomesickness.D.Psychologicalimpactsofhomesickness.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crave”meaninparagraph4?A.Improve. B.Oppose. C.Support. D.Desire.11.Whatcanweknowfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Loveoftenbeginsinourhometown.B.Homesicknesscanbeeasilyavoided.C.Hometownmeansasenseofbelonging.D.Nevershouldweleaveourhometown.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者离开家乡后，非常想念家乡，后来在心理学家的帮助下，作者慢慢克服了思乡症。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sheffield,theUK’sfourthbiggestcity,haditall—clubs,bars,andtheaters.Itwasahugecontrasttomyhometown,whichhadn’thadacinemauntil1997.

(谢菲尔德是英国第四大城市，拥有一切——俱乐部、酒吧和剧院。这与我的家乡形成了巨大的对比，我的家乡直到1997年才有电影院)”可知，作者的家乡欠发达。故选A。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“However,others’safezonemightbeaparticularplace,ahome,orafamiliarperson,theabsenceofwhichmayleadtohomesıckness.(然而，其他人的安全区可能是一个特定的地方，一个家，或一个熟悉的人，没有这些可能会导致思乡症)”可知，本段主要介绍了导致思乡症的原因。故选B。10题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Dignansuggestsgoingtothesamecoffeeshoporgymatacertaintimetobuildapatternoffamiliaritybecause,itisausefultoolforovercominghomesicknessandbuildingthatall-importantsafezone.(Dignan建议在特定的时间去同一家咖啡店或健身房，建立一种熟悉的模式，因为这是克服思乡症和建立最重要的安全区的有用工具)”可知，前文讲述了在某个地方建立熟悉模式，建立重要的安全区来克服思想症，因此推断画线句句意为：当我们的生活中有如此多的事情是不可预测的时候，我们渴望安全区也就不足为奇了。画线词与D项意思相近，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thesimpleansweristhattheideaofhomedoesn’tnecessarilyrelatetotimespentinaplace—instead,itisaboutaspecialconnectionandafeelingofsafety.(简单的回答是，家的概念并不一定与在一个地方度过的时间有关，相反，它是一种特殊的联系和一种安全感。)”以及最后一段“I’mfortunatetohavealovingfamily,supportivefriends,andacomfortablehomeinSheffield,buthowevermuchIlovemylifehere,there’saninnerpartofmethatwillforeverbeinWales.(我很幸运，在谢菲尔德有一个充满爱的家庭、支持我的朋友和一个舒适的家，但无论我多么热爱这里的生活，我内心的一部分将永远留在威尔士。)”可知，从作者的经历可推断，家乡意味着一种归属感。故选C。DTheadvantageofprintedtextsoverdigitaloneshasbeenseeninmanypreviousstudies,andeducationpsychologistsevenhaveanameforthephenomenon:the“screeninferiorityeffect”,whichreferstothephenomenonwherestudents,andothers,seemtounderstandmorewhenreadingprintedtexts.However,byandlarge,previousstudieshavecomparedprintreadingtoreadingonacomputerscreen,notthehandhelddevicesmodernstudentsuseformostoftheirreading.LadislaoSalmerón,aresearcherofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofValenciainSpain,andhisworkmateswantedtoseeifthescreeninferiorityeffectoccursifyoufocusonhandhelddevices.Sotheysearchedexistingstudiesandanalyzedonlydatasetscomparingprintreadingtoreadingonhandhelddevices.Finally,theylookedatdozensofstudies,poolingresultsfrommorethan100,000students.Aswithpreviousresearch,theyfoundstudentswhoreadprintedtextsconstantlyperformedslightlybetter.Althoughsmall,Salmerónstresses,theeffectobservedcouldbeofgreatsignificance.“Inexplainingthis,wemustconsiderthatchildreninschoolsreadeveryday,hesays.“Sothiseffectcouldbebuiltupovertime.”Somescientistsaretryingtounderstandthereasonsforthescreeninferiorityeffect.Onetheorycalledtheshallowinghypothesis(假说)assumesthatwhenreadingondigitaldevices,peoplearegenerallydoingsoforshortperiodsoftimeandreadingshortpiecesoftext,causingthemtobelessefficient.Anothertheoryholdsthatfeelingeachpageandrememberingwhetheritwasatthebeginningofthebookortheendcanhelpconnectwithyourmemory.Butneithertheoryhasbeenproven.Accordingtothisstudy,Salmerónsays,“First,printedtextsshouldn’tbequit.Second,teachersshouldconsiderthegoalsofthetaskswhendecidingwhichreadingmediumtouse.”Headds,“Tablets(平板电脑)maybewell-suitedforinternetquestioningtasks,butpapershouldbefavouredtopromoteunderstandingoflongtexts.”12.WhatdroveSalmerónandhisworkmatestoconductthenewstudy?A.Effectsofdigitaldevicesoneducation.B.Challengesbroughtbyreadingdevices.C.Impactsofthescreeninferiorityeffect.D.Onepointignoredbypreviousresearch.13.HowdidSalmerónandhisworkmatesmaketheirdiscovery?A.Byconductingexperiments.B.Byreferringtopastresearch.C.Byobservingcarefullyinlife.D.Byinterviewingmanystudents.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutthepositiveeffectofprintreading?A.Itscauseremainsunclear.B.Ittendstolastalongtime.C.Ithelpstoimproveone’smemory.D.Itsexistencehasn’tbeenconfirmed.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromSalmerón’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Thestudyprovidesdirectionsforeducators.B.Thestudyadvisespeopletoreadtabletsmore.C.Thestudyoverstatesthedemandforprintedtexts.D.Thestudyfocusesonhowtounderstandlongtexts.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过新的手持设备阅读与印刷文本阅读的对比研究，发现阅读印刷文本的学生表现依旧稍好，同时探讨了“屏幕劣势效应”产生的可能原因及相关理论，最终给出不应放弃印刷文本以及教师应根据任务目标选择合适阅读媒介的建议。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,byandlarge,previousstudieshavecomparedprintreadingtoreadingonacomputerscreen,notthehandhelddevicesmodernstudentsuseformostoftheirreading.(然而，总的来说，以前的研究将印刷阅读与在计算机屏幕上阅读进行了比较，而不是现代学生用于大部分阅读的手持设备。)”可知，Salmerón和他的同事们进行这项新研究的动机是因为之前的研究忽略了比较印刷阅读和手持设备阅读的效果。故选D项。13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sotheysearchedexistingstudiesandanalyzedonlydatasetscomparingprintreadingtoreadingonhandhelddevices.(因此，他们检索了现有的研究，只分析了比较印刷阅读和手持设备阅读的数据集。)”可知，Salmerón和他的同事们通过参考过去的研究来进行他们的发现。故选B项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Somescientistsaretryingtounderstandthereasonsforthescreeninferiorityeffect.Onetheorycalledtheshallowinghypothesis(假说)assumesthatwhenreadingondigitaldevices,peoplearegenerallydoingsoforshortperiodsoftimeandreadingshortpiecesoftext,causingthemtobelessefficient.Anothertheoryholdsthatfeelingeachpageandrememberingwhetheritwasatthebeginningofthebookortheendcanhelpconnectwithyourmemory.Butneithertheoryhasbeenproven.(一些科学家正试图了解屏幕劣势效应的原因。一种称为“浅层假设”的理论认为，在数字设备上阅读时，人们通常会进行短时间阅读并阅读短文本，从而导致他们的效率降低。另一种理论认为，感受每一页并记住它是在书的开头还是结尾，都有助于与你的记忆建立联系。但这两种理论都没有得到证实。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了印刷阅读的积极效果的原因尚不清楚。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Accordingtothisstudy,Salmerónsays,“First,printedtextsshouldn’tbequit.Second,teachersshouldconsiderthegoalsofthetaskswhendecidingwhichreadingmediumtouse.”(根据这项研究，Salmerón说：“首先，不应放弃印刷文本。其次，教师在决定使用哪种阅读媒介时，应考虑任务的目标。”)”可知，Salmerón的话表明这项研究为教育工作者提供了方向。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverstartedanewtaskatwork,onlytobedistracted(干扰)byadingonyourphone?Orperhapsyou’reinthemiddleofareport,andyourmindstartstowandertowhatyou’llhavefordinner.Ifyoufindyourselffamiliarwithanyofthesescenes,don’tworry.____16____Nowlet’sexplorethereasonsbehindthesedistractions.Ourbrainsarenaturallyeasytobedistracted.Theyarewonderfullycomplexmachinesdesignedtoabsorbnewinformationandadapttoourenvironment.____17____Theyalwaysquicklychangeourattentiontothenewstimulus(刺激),causingustolosefocusonourcurrenttask.____18____It’sfortunateforustohaveaccesstotechnologyandtheInternet,whichprovideawealthofresourcesforlearning,connecting,andentertainingourselves.Butthisblessingisdouble-edged.Thetoolsthathelpimproveproductivitycanalsoleadtodistractions.Wehaveashortattentionspan(持续时间).____19____It’ssaidthatourattentionspanhasacap,muchlikethelimitonafueltank(油箱).Andoncewehitthatupperlimit,ourfocusbeginssearchingforotherlimits,likeatravelereagerfornewlandscapes.Inourdailylife,distractionscomeinmanyformsandthesourcesofdistractionscanvarywidely.Thepathtoamorefocusedandproductivelifeisn’tnecessarilyaboutremovingalldistractions.It’sanimpossibletaskinthisageofinformation.____20____A.Weliveinaworldfullofdistractions.B.Wehavepoortimemanagementskills.C.Butthisstrengthcanalsobeaweakness.D.Thisisn’tnecessarilybecauseofalackofinterest.E.Regainingyourfocusmightbeharderthanyouthink.F.You’rejustpartofamuchlargergroupthanyouimagine.G.Instead,learntoacknowledgeandmanagethemeffectively.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了注意力不集中的理由并给出了措施。【16题详解】前文“Haveyoueverstartedanewtaskatwork,onlytobedistracted(干扰)byadingonyourphone?Orperhapsyou’reinthemiddleofareport,andyourmindstartstowandertowhatyou’llhavefordinner.Ifyoufindyourselffamiliarwithanyofthesescenes,don’tworry.(你是否曾经在工作中开始了一项新任务，却被手机铃声分散了注意力?或者你正在写一份报告，你的思绪开始游荡到晚餐吃什么。如果你发现自己熟悉这些场景中的任何一个，不要担心。)”说明如果做事情的时候分心了，不要担心，因此推断空处应是说明理由，后文“你只是一个比你想象的大得多的群体中的一员。”符合语境，与前文是因果关系。故选F。【17题详解】前文“Theyarewonderfullycomplexmachinesdesignedtoabsorbnewinformationandadapttoourenvironment.(它们是非常复杂的机器，旨在吸收新信息并适应我们的环境。)”说明大脑是用来吸收新信息的机器，后文“Theyalwaysquicklychangeourattentiontothenewstimulus(刺激),causingustolosefocusonourcurrenttask.(它们总是迅速将我们的注意力转移到新的刺激上，导致我们失去对当前任务的关注。)”说明大脑的弱点，容易分散注意力，前后文是转折关系，因此推断C项“但这种优势也可能是劣势。”符合语境，承上启下，前文是大脑的优势，下文是劣势。故选C。【18题详解】空处为段落标题，根据后文“It’sfortunateforustohaveaccesstotechnologyandtheInternet,whichprovideawealthofresourcesforlearning,connecting,andentertainingourselves.Butthisblessingisdouble-edged.Thetoolsthathelpimproveproductivitycanalsoleadtodistractions.(我们很幸运能够接触到科技和互联网，它们为我们学习、交流和娱乐提供了丰富的资源。但这是一把双刃剑。有助于提高工作效率的工具也可能导致分心。)”说明科技和互联网是一把双刃剑，尽管有助于提高工作效率，但是也导致分心，因此推断A项“我们生活在一个充满分心的世界。”为最佳标题，故选A。【19题详解】根据标题“Wehaveashortattentionspan(持续时间).(我们的注意力持续时间很短。)”可知，本段讲述我们的注意力持续时间比较短，因此推断D项“这并不一定是因为缺乏兴趣。”符合语境，说明我们的注意力持续时间短的理由，下文讲述了真正可能的理由“It’ssaidthatourattentionspanhasacap,muchlikethelimitonafueltank(油箱).Andoncewehitthatupperlimit,ourfocusbeginssearchingforotherlimits,likeatravelereagerfornewlandscapes.(据说我们的注意力持续时间是有上限的，就像油箱的极限一样。一旦我们达到了这个上限，我们的注意力就会开始寻找其他的极限，就像一个渴望新风景的旅行者一样。)”，故选D。【20题详解】前文“Thepathtoamorefocusedandproductivelifeisn’tnecessarilyaboutremovingalldistractions.It’sanimpossibletaskinthisageofinformation.(通往更专注、更有成效的生活的道路并不一定要消除所有的干扰。在这个信息时代，这是一项不可能完成的任务。)”说明消除所有的干扰是不可能的，因此推断下文给出解决办法，因此推断G项“相反，学会承认并有效地管理它们。”符合语境，与前文是转折关系。故选G。第二部分语言运用(共三节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Thankyouforyourparticipation.ButI’msorrytotellyouthatyou____21____theinterview.”Ireceivedtheemailtwoweeksafterinterviewingforaposition.WhenIreadit,IfeltupsetbecauseI’dspenthoursmaking____22____beforetheinterviewandintheend,Ididn’tevenknowwhyIdidn’tgetthrough.“HowcanI____23____myjobsearchapproachifIdidn’tevenknowwhatwaswrong?”Ithought.Thevalueoffeedback(反馈)becameobviousafterIreceivedanother____24____callmonthslater,“____25____,wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse.”AgainIfelt____26____.Buttheconversationwasn’tover.“Wouldyouliketohearthe____27____fromus?”heasked.ThentherepresentativeexplainedthatIhadn’tclearly____28____mymotivation(动机)forapplyingfortheposition.Thefeedbackwas____29____tohear,butIquicklyrealizedhewasright.Istartedto_____30_____myself.Sincemytopconsiderationhadbeentofindaposition,Iwasn’tvery_____31_____aboutwhatIappliedfor.Ipursuedanyjobopportunityaslongasitbroadlyfittedmyskills.Fromthenon,Icarefully_____32_____eachjobandonlyconsideredtheonesthatattractedmemost.Soontheapproachstartedto_____33_____—Igotagreatoffer.Yearslater,asaninterviewer,Itreateveryinterviewasanimportant_____34_____:intervieweesinvest(投资)effortandinreturn,Iwillgivethemfeedback.Itisbecausewithoutfeedback,wearelikelytomakethesame_____35_____overandoveragain.21.A.failed B.arranged C.attended D.decreased22.A.announcements B.remarks C.preparations D.reservations23.A.adjust B.pioneer C.appoint D.describe24.A.defense B.invitation C.request D.rejection25.A.Naturally B.Strangely C.Unfortunately D.Smoothly26.A.disappointed B.nervous C.relieved D.peaceful27.A.news B.story C.reason D.result28.A.lacked B.expressed C.understood D.questioned29.A.tough B.interesting C.promising D.helpful30.A.careabout B.reflecton C.learnfrom D.dependon31.A.hopeful B.selective C.angry D.confused32.A.accepted B.evaluated C.respected D.finished33.A.develop B.form C.work D.commit34.A.performance B.reference C.routine D.trade35.A.excuse B.promise C.comparison D.mistake【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.C28.B29.A30.B31.B32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次面试失败后，通过获得反馈并调整求职策略，最终成功找到工作的经历。第一次失败后，他因缺乏反馈而感到困惑；第二次失败时，他得到了关于表达动机不清晰的反馈，这促使他开始仔细选择职位。最终，他只申请感兴趣的工作，并成功找到工作。后来作为面试官，作者会为求职者提供反馈，帮助他们改进。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我很遗憾地告诉你，你面试失败了。A.failed失败；B.arranged安排；C.attended参加；D.decreased减少。根据上文“I’msorrytotellyou”可推知，对方是遗憾地告诉作者，他面试失败了。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我读到它的时候，我感到很沮丧，因为我在面试前花了几个小时准备，最后，我甚至不知道为什么我没有通过。A.announcements宣布；B.remarks评论；C.preparations准备；D.reservations预订。根据下文“beforetheinterview”可推知，作者是在面试前花了几个小时准备。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我都不知道哪里出了问题，我怎么能调整我的求职方法呢？”我想。A.adjust调整；B.pioneer开辟；C.appoint任命；D.describe描述。根据上文叙述的作者求职失败，很沮丧可知，作者是想调整自己的求职方法。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我又接到了一个拒绝电话。A.defense防御；B.invitation邀请；C.request请求；D.rejection拒绝。根据下文“wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此作者接到的是拒绝电话。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：很不幸，我们决定把这份工作给别人了。A.Naturally自然地；B.Strangely奇怪地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Smoothly顺利地。根据下文“wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此对作者来说这是很不幸的。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我又一次感到失望。A.disappointed失望的；B.nervous紧张的；C.relieved放心的；D.peaceful平静的。根据上文“wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此没有得到工作的作者会感到失望。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你想听听我们的理由吗？”他问。A.news新闻；B.story故事；C.reason原因；D.result结果。根据下文“ThentherepresentativeexplainedthatIhadn’tclearly____8____mymotivation(动机)forapplyingfortheposition.”可知，对方向作者解释了他们拒绝作者的原因。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后这位代表解释说，我没有清楚地表达我申请这个职位的动机。A.lacked缺乏；B.expressed表达；C.understood理解；D.questioned质疑。根据上文“Ihadn’tclearly”和下文“mymotivation(动机)forapplyingfortheposition”可推知，作者在面试中没有清楚地表达自己申请这个职位的动机，因此被拒了。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些反馈让人难以接受，但我很快意识到他是对的。A.tough艰难的；B.interesting有趣的；C.promising有希望的；D.helpful有帮助的。根据上文“ThentherepresentativeexplainedthatIhadn’tclearly____8____mymotivation(动机)forapplyingfortheposition.”可知，对方是直接指出了作者在面试中存在的问题，因此这种反馈会让人难以接受。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始反思自己。A.careabout关心；B.reflecton反思；C.learnfrom向……学习；D.dependon依赖。根据下文“Sincemytopconsiderationhadbeentofindaposition,Iwasn’tvery____11____aboutwhatIappliedfor.Ipursuedanyjobopportunityaslongasitbroadlyfittedmyskills.”可知，作者对自己的求职思路和方法进行了反思。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为我的首要考虑是找一份工作，所以我对自己申请的东西没有认真挑选。A.hopeful有希望的；B.selective认真挑选的；C.angry生气的；D.confused困惑的。根据下文“Ipursuedanyjobopportunityaslongasitbroadlyfittedmyskills.”可知，作者追求任何工作机会，只要它与自己的技能大致相符，因此是对自己申请的东西没有认真挑选。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我仔细评估每一份工作，只考虑最吸引我的工作。A.accepted接受；B.evaluated评估；C.respected尊敬；D.finished完成。根据下文“onlyconsideredtheonesthatattractedmemost”可知，作者变得只考虑最吸引自己的工作，因此是仔细评估每一份工作。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，这个方法开始奏效了——我得到了一份很棒的工作。A.develop发展；B.form形成；C.work奏效；D.commit承诺。根据下文“Igotagreatoffer”可知，作者得到了一份很棒的工作，说明他的方法开始奏效了。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，作为一名面试官，我把每一次面试都当作一次重要的交易：面试者付出努力，作为回报，我会给他们反馈。A.performance表现；B.reference参考；C.routine例行公事；D.trade交易。根据下文“intervieweesinvest(投资)effortandinreturn,Iwillgivethemfeedback”可知，面试者付出努力，作为回报，作为面试官的作者会给他们反馈，因此作者是把每一次面试都当作一次重要的交易。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是因为没有反馈，我们很可能会一次又一次地犯同样的错误。A.excuse借口；B.promise承诺；C.comparison比较；D.mistake错误。根据上文“withoutfeedback”可推知，在没有反馈的情况下，面试者很可能会一次又一次地犯同样的错误。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Riceisthemostcommonfoodforalargepartoftheworld’shumanpopulation.Itsbiologicalcycle____36____(range)fromabout95daystoaround250days.It’simportanttoharvestricecropsontime.Ifweharvesttooearly,the____37____(collect)grainswillnotbefullygrown.Whencropsareharvestedlate,grainswillfallontotheground,leadingtoheavylosses.As____38____generalrule,theharvestmaybeginonlywhengrainshaveagoldencolor.Harvestingcantakeplacemanually(手动地)ormechanically.Inmanualharvesting,farmerscollectriceplants____39____(use)sharpknives.Then,theycarefullyremovethegrains.Mechanicalharvestingcanbedonewithmachinesthatcombineallthe____40____(function),suchascuttingandthreshing(脱粒).Afterharvesting,riceseedscontainalotofmoisture(水分).____41____(normal),farmersdrythegrainsoutbeforestorage____42____(pre