职称英语综合类a级模拟37

职称英语综合类A级模拟37

第1部分：词汇选项

1、ThenumberoftheUnitedStatescitizenswhoareeligibletovotecontinues

toincrease.

A.encouragedB.enforcedC.expectedD.entitled

2、Therewasarapidincreaseinpopulationinthelastcentury.

A.slowB.highC.shockingD.quick

3、Hismotiveincomingwastofindoutthetruth.

A.reasonsB.arguments

C.targetsD.stimuli

4、ShelongedforachancetospeaktoTominprivate.

A.preferredB.wantedC.choseD.askedfor

5、Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences

A.forceB.totalC.smallD.similar

6、Theyarewordedabouttheircapacitytoinvestinthefuture.

A.capitalB.abilityC.expenseD.reality

7、Whycan11youstopyoureternalcomplaining?

A.longB.everlastingC.temporaryD.

boring

8、Thecompanyrecommendedthatanewgasstationbebuilthere.

A.orderedB.insisted

C.suggestedD.demanded

9、Theyhavethecompetencetotakethisjob.

A.possibilityB.realityC.

capacityD.probability

10>Itisacomplicatedproblem.

A.strangeB.complex

C.difficultD.unusual

11>IwasshockedwhenIsawthesizeofthetelephonebill.

A.excitedB.angryC.lostD.surprised

12>TheKlondikewasthesceneofoneofthebiggestgoldrushestheworld

haseverknown.

A.locationB.viewC.eventD.landscape

13>Theuseofthechemicalmaypresentacertainhazardtothelaboratory

workers.

A.protectionB.indication

C.immunityD.danger

14>Nervesignalsmaytravelthroughnerveormusclefibersatspeedsashigh

astwohundredmilesperhour.

A.velocitiesB.impulses

C.ratiosD.atrocities

15>Successfulleadersdominateeventsratherthanreacttothem.

A.controlB.contributeC.conveyD.contact

第2部分：阅读判断

TheSea

Whatdoyouknowaboutthesea?Weknowthatitlooksveryprettywhen

thesunisshiningonit.Wealsoknowthatitcanbeveryroughwhenthere

isastrongwind.Whatotherthingsdoweknowaboutit?Thefirstthingto

rememberisthattheseaisverybig.Whenyoulookatthemapoftheworld

youwillfindthereismorewaterthanland.Theseacoversthreequarters

oftheworld.Theseaisalsoverydeepinsomeplaces.Itisnotdeepeverywhere.

Somepartsoftheseaareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesthedepthofthe

seaisverygreat.ThereisonespotznearJapan,wheretheseaisnearly

11kilometersdeep!Thehighestmountainintheworldisabout9kilometers

high.Ifthatmountainwereputintotheseaatthatplace,therewouldbe

2kilometersofwateraboveit!Whatadeepplace!

Ifyouhaveswuminthesea,youknowthatitissalty.Youcantastethe

salt.Rivers,whichflowintothesea,carrysaltfromthelandintothesea.

Atthatplace,therewouldbe2kilometersofwateraboveit.Whatadeep

place!

Ifyouhaveswuminthesea,youknowthatitissalty.Youcantastethe

salt.Riverszwhichflowintothesea,carrysaltfromthelandintothesea.

Somepartsoftheseaaresaltierthanotherparts.Thereisonesea,called

theDeadSea,whichisverysalty.Itissosaltythatswimmerscannotsink!

FishcannotliveintheDeadSea!

Inmostpartsofthesea,thereareplentyoffishesandplants.Somelive

nearthetopofthesea.Otherslivedeepdown.Therearemillionsoftiny-

livingthingsthatfloatinthesea.Thesefloatingthingsaresosmallthat

itishardtoseethem.Manyfishlivebyeatingthese.

Theseacanbeverycold.Diverszwhogodeepdowninthesea,knowthis.

Onthetopthewatermaybewarm.Whenthedivergoesdownwardsztheseabecomes

colderandcolder.Anotherthinghappens.Whenthedivergoesdeeper,the

waterabovepressesdownonhim.Itsqueezeshim.Thenthediverhastowear

clothesmadeofmetal.Buthecannotgoverydeep.Somepeoplewhowanted

togoverydeepusedaverystrongdivingship!Theywentdowntothedeepest

partoftheseainit.Theywentdowntoadepthofelevenkilometers!

16、Thesealooksbeautifulwhenitiscalm.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Thelandtakesup25%oftheworld.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Theseais6kilometersindepthonaverage.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、TheDeadSeaissosaltythatnothingcanliveinit.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>Thedeeperonegoesdowninthesea,thefewerfishesandplantshecan

find.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Thedeeperadivergoesdowninthesea,thegreaterwaterpressurehe

bears.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Divershavetouseaverystrongdivingshipwhentheywanttogodown

tothedeepestpartoftheseamainlybecauseitisextremelycoldhere.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

StanfordUniversity

1StanfordUniversity,famousasoneofnorthernCalifornia*sseveral

institutionsofhigherlearning,issometimescalled"theHarvardoftheWest.

nTheclosenessofStanfordtoSanFrancisco,acitythirty-twomilestothe

north,givestheuniversityadecidedlycosmopolitan（世界性的）flavor.

2ThestudentsareenrolledmainlyfromthewesternUnitedStates.But

mostofthefiftystatessendstudentstoStanford,andmanyforeignstudents

studyhere,aswell.Andstandardsforadmissionremainhigh.Youngmenand

womenareselectedtoentertheuniversityfromtheupperfifteenpercent

oftheirhighschoolclasses.

3Notonlybecauseofmehighcaliber（素质）ofitsstudentsbutalsobecause

ofthedesirablelocationandclimate,Stanfordhasattractedtoitsfaculty

someoftheworld1smostrespectedscholars.Theuniversitystaffhasincluded

manyNobelprizewinnerssuchasDr.FelixBloch,Dr.RobertHofstadter,and

Dr.WilliamShockleyinphysics.Dr.AuthorKornbergandDr.JoshuaLederberg

inmedicine.andDr.PaulJ.FloryandDr.LinusPaulinginchemistry.The

RussiannovelistAleksandrSolzhenistsynhasbeeninresidence.Stanford'S

undergraduateschoolofengineeringanditsgraduateschoolsofbusinessz

law,andmedicineareespeciallywe11-regarded.

4Whatisstudentlifelikeon"TheFarm"?Culturally,thecampusisa

magnetforbothstudentsandcitizensofnearbycommunities.Plays,concerts,

andoperasareperformedintheuniversity*sseveralauditoriumsandinits

outdoortheater,wheregraduationsarealsoheld.Severalfilmseriesare

presentedduringtheschoolyear.Guestlecturersfrompublicandacademic

lifefrequentlyappearoncampus.Intheevenings,manystudentsgatherto

socializeintheStudentUnion1scoffeehouse；herethebeverages（饮料）and

theatmospherebothhaveadecidedlyEuropeanflavor.Forthesports—minded,

theStanfordcampusoffershighlydevelopedathleticfacilities.Teamspotsz

swimming,andtrackandfieldactivityareall.verymuchpartoftheStanford

picture.Soarebicyclingandjogging.

5Inadditiontofinancialsupportfromalumni（校友）zStanfordreceives

grantsfromthegovernmentandfromprivatephilanthropic（慈善的）foundationso

Inrecentyears,governmentgrantshavemadepossibleadvancedstudiesin

thefieldsofhistory,psychology,education,andatomicenergy.Atpresent

Stanfordiscarryingoutanambitiousbuildingprogram,financedinpartby

llleFordFoundation*s25.milliongrant.Recentlyaddedtothecampusarea

newphysicsbuilding,newschoolofbusiness,newgraduateschooloflaw,

newstudentunion,andundergraduatelibrary.

23>Paraqraph2

24、Paragraph3______

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5______

A.ColorfulLifeonCampus

B.IntelligentStudentBody

C.SchoolAdministration

D.DistinguishedFaculty

E.SubstantialFinancialSupport

F.TheHarvardoftheWest

27>ThosehighschoolgraduateswhocanenterStanfordUniversity.

28>Manyprofessorsliketoteachinthisuniversitypartlybecausehere.

29、Onthefacultyoftheuniversitythereare.

30、Financialsupportfrombothprivateorganizationsandthegovernmenthas

madepossible______.

A.theycanfindthebeststudents

B.theuniversity*sacademicadvancementandphysicalextension

C.someofthemostdistinguishedscholars

D.whereasportsmeetisheldeveryyear

E.musthavebeenthetopstudent1sintheirclasses

F.mustbehardworking

第4部分：阅读理解

第—

DancingintheStreets

IfthereisonethingcertaintogetBraziliansontheirfeetzitisthe

RioCarnival（狂欢节）.HeldinRiodeJaneiro,thecountry1sbiggestcity,

thecarnivalbeganonFebruary20whenthemayorgavekeyofthecitytoRei

Momo-theLordofMisrule（无序之皇）

Onhisorders,eachyearpeopleturnthecityintoaparadiseofdance

andmusic.Thefollowingsixdaysaresofunofparades,streetdancing,fantastic

clothesandpartying（聚会）thatmanypeopleforgetabouteatingandsleeping.

"ItwasthepassionofthecarnivalthatattractedmetoBrazilandmade

n

mesettledowninRio.saidBobNadkarnizaBritishmanwhohaslivedin

thecityforseveralyears.FormanyBrazilians,thecenterpieceofthecarnival

issamba（桑巴舞），atypicalBraziliandance.Everyyear,tensofthousands

ofvisitorsandlocalsshowofftheirpassionandenergyinthestreets,following

thebeat（节拍）oftheLatinmusic.

Theclimaxtothisstreetpartyisthefloat（彩车）parade,inwhichfloats

decoratedwithtonsoffreshflowersbyvarioussambaschoolsandlocal

communitiesmovethroughthecity.Onthetopofeachfloatstandsthecandidate

fortheDrumQueen,whoischosenattheendoftheparty.

Whilemostpeoplearefreetoenjoythecelebrations.Rio1spoliceofficers

havetokeepaclearhead.Followingthemurderofthreeofficersinagunfight

earlylastweek,theBrazilianGovernmenthastightenedsecurityinRio.The

streetfighting,robberyandsexcrimesthataccompanythecarnivalarevery-

difficulttopolice.

CarnivalsbeganinancientRomeasacelebrationatwhichpeoplefedwild

wolves,inhonorofthecity1sfounderwhowassaidtohavebeenraisedby

ashe-wolf.Brazilgavenewlifetothistraditionandsodespitethetroublesz

thecarnivalwillremainasymbolofthecountry*sculture.

31>Accordingtothepassage,duringtheCarnivalpeopleinRiodidallof

thefollowingEXCEPT

A.dancinginthestreets.

B.puttingoncolorfulclothes.

C.eatingalotoffood.

D.holdingexcitingparades.

32、Howlongdoesthecarnivallast?

A.Sixdays.B.Awholeweek.

C.Eightdays.D.ThewholeofFebruary.

33、Thewordncenterpieceninthe3rdparagraphmeans.

A.themostimportantpart

B.themiddlepart

C.thecentralpartofthecity

D.themostattractivedecoration

34、AccordingtothepassagezBobNadkamiis.

A.aBrazilianwhohascomebackfromBritain

B.aBritishmanwhovisitsRioforthecarnival

C.aBritishmanwhohascometoliveinBrazil

D.aBrazilianwhoisattractedbythecarnival

35、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.TheearliestcarnivalswereheldinancientRome.

B.CarnivalswereoriginallyatraditionoftheBrazilians.

C.CarnivalswereoriginallyatraditionoftheRomans.

D.TheBrazilianshaveintegratedtheRomancarnivalintotheirculture.

4第J一—曾

LifetimeEmploymentInJapaneseCompanies

InmostlargeJapanesecompanies,thereisapolicyoflifetimeemployment.

Whatthismeansisthatwhenpeopleleaveschooloruniversitytojoinan

enterprise,theycanexpecttoremainwiththatorganizationuntiltheyretire.

Ineffectztheemployeegetsjobsecurityforlifezandcanonlybefired

forseriousmistakesinwork.Evenintimesofbusinessrecession,heorshe

isfreefromthefearofbeinglaidoff.

OneresultofthispracticeisthattheJapaneseworkeridentifiesclosely

withhiscompanyandfeelsstrongloyaltytoit.Byworkinghardforthecompany,

hebelievesheissafeguardinghisownfuture.Itisnotsurprisingthatdevotion

toone1scompanyisconsideredagreatvirtueinJapan.Amanisoftenprepared

toputhisfirm*sinterestsbeforethoseofhisimmediatefamily.

Thejobsecurityguaranteedbythissysteminfluencesthewayemployees

approachtheirwork.Theytendtothinkintermsofwhattheycanachieve

throughouttheircareer.Thisisbecausetheyarenotjudgedonhowtheyare

performingduringashortperiodoftime.Theycanaffordtotakealonger

perspectivethantheirWesterncounterparts.

Thismarriagebetweentheemployeeandthecompany-theconsequenceof

lifetimeemployment-mayexplainwhyJapaneseworkersseempositivelyto

lovetheproductstheircompanyisproducingandwhytheyarewillingtostay

onafterwork,forlittleovertimepay,toparticipateinearnestdiscussions

aboutthequalitycontroloftheirproducts.

36、LifetimeemploymentintheJapanesecompanymeansthattheemployee

A.leaveshiscompanyonlywhenbusinessisbad.

B.getsajobsoonafterheleavesschooloruniversity.

C.canworktherethroughouthiscareer.

D.canhavehisseriousmistakesinworkcorrected.

37>WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.Familyandcompanyinterestsareequallyimportant.

B.TheJapaneseworkerisveryloyaltohiscompany.

C.One*sfutureisguaranteedthroughhardwork.

D.Devotiontoone*scompanyisencouraged.

38、Lifetimeemploymentinfluencesone1s

A.achievementsatwork.

B.performanceatwork.

C.careeroptions.

D.attitudetowardwork.

39、TheJapaneseworkerisfondofhiscompany*sproductsbecauseof

A.hismarriagewiththedaughterofthepresident.

B.thecloselinkbetweenhimandhiscompany.

C.hiswillingnesstoworkovertime.

D.hisactiveparticipationinqualitycontrol.

40、Thepassagemainlydiscusses

A.howlifetimeemploymentworksinJapan.

B.whatbenefitslifetimeemploymenthasbroughttoJapaneseworkers,

C.whatlifetimeemploymentis.

D.howlifetimeemploymentisviewed.

-

Spacing

inAnimals

FlightDistance

Anyobservantpersonhasnoticedthatawildanimalwillallowamanor

otherpotentialenemytoapproachonlyuptoagivendistancebeforeitflees.

"Flightdistance"isthetermsusedforthisinterspeciesspacing.Asageneral

rule,thereisapositiverelationshipbetweenthesizeofananimalandits

flightdistance—thelargertheanimalzthegreaterthedistanceitmust

keepbetweenitselfandtheenemy.Anantelopewillfleewhentheenemyis

asmuchasfivehundredyardsaway.Thewalllizard1sflightdistance,on

theotherhandisaboutsixfeet.Flightisthebasicmeansofsurvivalfor

mobilecreatures.

CriticalDistance

Criticaldistanceapparentlyispresentwhereverandwheneverthereis

aflightreaction."Criticaldistance"includesthenarrowzoneseparating

flightdistancefromattackdistance.Alioninazoowillfleefromanapproaching

manuntilitmeetsabarrierthatitcannotovercome.Ifthemancontinues

theapproach,hesoonpenetratesthelion1scriticaldistance,atwhichpoint

thecorneredlionreversesdirectionandbeginsslowlytostalktheman.

SocialDistance

Socialanimalsneedtostayintouchwitheachother.Lossofcontactwith

thegroupcanbefatalforavarietyofreasonsincludingexposuretoenemies.

Socialdistanceisnotsimplythedistanceatwhichananimalwilllosecontact

withhisgroup—thatiszthedistanceatwhichitcannolongersee,hear,

orsmellthegroup—itisratherapsychologicaldistance,oneatwhichthe

animalapparentlybeginstofeelanxiouswhenheexceedsitslimits.Wecan

thinkofitasahiddenbandthatcontainsthegroup.

Socialdistancevariesfromspeciestospecies.Itisquiteshort—apparently

onlyafewyards—amongsomeanimals,andquitelongamongothers.

Socialdistanceisnotalwaysrigidlyfixedbutisdeterminedinpartby

thesituation.Whentheyoungofapesandhumansaremobilebutnotyetunder

controlofthemother1svoice,socialdistancemaybethelengthofherreach.

Thisisreadilyobservedamongthebaboonsinazoo.Whenthebabyapproaches

acertainpoint,themotherreachesouttoseizetheendofitstailandpull

itbacktoher.Whenaddedcontrolisneededbecauseofdanger,socialdistance

shrinks.Toshowthisinman,onehasonlytowatchafamilywithanumber

ofsmallchildrenholdinghandsastheycrossabusystreet.

41、WhichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatedefinitionofFlightDistance?

A.Distancebetweenanimalsofthesamespeciesbeforefleeing.

B.Distancebetweenlargeandsmallanimalsbeforefleeing.

C.Distancebetweenananimalanditsenemybeforefleeing.

D.Distancebetweencertainanimalspeciesbeforefleeing.

42、Ifananimal'scriticaldistanceispenetrated,itwill

A.begintoattack.

B.trytohide.

C.begintojump.

D.runaway.

43、Accordingtothepassage,socialdistancerefersto

A.physicaldistance,

B.psychologicaldistance.

C.physiologicaldistance.

D.philosophicaldistance.

44、Whichofthefollowingcouldbestreplacetheword"band"in"Wecanthink

ofitasahiddenbandthatcontainsthegroupH(inParagraph3)?

A.stripofland.

B.distance.

C.society.

D.community.

45、Theexampleofthechildrenholdinghandswhencrossingthestreetin

thelastparagraphshowsthat

A.socialdistanceisnotalwaysneeded.

B.thereisnosocialdistanceamongsmallchildren.

C.humansaredifferentfromanimalsinsocialdistance.

D.socialdistanceissometimesdeterminedbyoutsidefactors.

第5部分：补全短文

RoboticHighwayCones

AUniversityofNebraskaprofessorhasdevelopedroboticconesand

barrels.46.Theycanevenbeprogrammedtomoveontheirownatanyparticular

partoftheday,saidShaneFarritor,anassistantprofessorofmechanical

engineeringatNebraska.

Forexample,ifworkersarrivedat6am,theconescouldmovefromthe

sideofthehighwaytoblockoffthelaneatthattime.47.HItjustseems

Hn

likeaverygoodapplicationforrobotszFarritorsaid.Theroboticcones

wouldalsohelpremovepeoplefromhazardousjobsonthehighwayputtingbarrels

andconesintoplace,"Farritorsaidinareportonhiscreation.

48.ThefundallowedFarritortoworkontheprojectwithgraduatestudents

atNebraskaandhisassistantSteveGoddard.

Therobotsareplacedatthebottomoftheconesandbarrelsandaresmall

enoughnottogreatlychangetheappearanceoftheconstructionaides.HIt

wouldlookexactlythesame,HFarritorsaid.HNormallythere1sakindofrubbery,

blackbasetothem.49.

FarritorhastalkedwithofficialsfromtheNebraskaDepartmentofRoads

abouthowtherobotswouldbemostusefultowhattheymightneed

Therobotscouldcomeinhandyfollowingaslow-movingmaintenanceoperation,

likepaintingastripeonaroadormovingasphaltzwherenowthebarrels

hav