考研英语阅读模拟201

［模拟］考研英语阅读模拟201

多项选择

Whenweconductforeigntrade,theimportanceofunderstandingthe

languageofacountrycannotbeunderestimated.Thesuccessfulmarketer

mustachieveexportcommunicationwhichrequiresathoroughunderstanding

ofthelanguageaswellastheabilitytospeakit.Thosewhodealwith

advertisingshouldbeconcernedlesswithobviousdifferencesbetween

languagesandmorewiththeexactmeaningsexpressed.

Adictionarytranslationisnotthesameasanidiomatic,

interpretation,andseldomwillthedictionarytranslationmeettheneeds.

Anationalproducerofsoftdrinkshadthecompany，sbrandnameimpressed

inChinesecharacterswhichwerephonetically（按照发音地）accurate.It

wasdiscoveredlater,however,thatthetranslation，sliteralmeaningwas

afemalehorsefattenedwithwax,“hardlytheimagethecompanysought

todescribe.Socarelesslytranslatedadvertisingstatementsnotonly

losetheirintendedmeaningbutcansuggestsomethingverydifferent

includingsomethingoffensiveorridiculous.Sometimes,whatwas

translatedwasnotanimagethecompanieshadinmindfortheirproducts.

Manypeoplebelievethattofullyappreciatethetruemeaningofalanguage

itisnecessarytolivewiththelanguageforyears.Whetherornotthis

isthecase,foreignmarketersshouldnevertakeitforgrantedthatthey

areaffectivelycommunicatinginanotherlanguage.

a

第i题:

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttopicforthepassage?

A.IdiomaticMeaningsofLanguages

B.LanguageProblemsinForeignTrade

C.TranslationFailuresinForeignTrade

D.CultureDifferencebetweenLanguages

参考答案：B

答案解析：

注释：本文主要说的是对外贸易中的语言问题；A和D只是分别在一段和三段中

提到的细节问题，而C是第二段所举的一些例子。

第2题：

Toanadvertiser,whichoneshouldtheypaymoreattentionto?

A.Understandingofalanguage.

i

B.Abilitytospeakalanguage.

C.Obviousdifferencesbetweenlanguages.

D.Thedifferentidiomaticexpressionsbetweenlanguages.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

注释：见第一段最后一句话Thosewhodealwithadvertisingshouldbe

concerned...morewiththeexactmeaningsexpressed.

第3题：

Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

A.Besttranslationshouldbetheintentoftheoriginalstatement.

B.Adictionarytranslationmaynotconveythetruemeaningofanidiom.

C.Adictionarywillmeettheneeds.

D.BothAandC.

参考答案：B

答案解析：

注释：本段中举出的所有例子都有说明，仅靠字典进行的直译很有可能歪曲原文

的意思。应该浏览短文，得出主题大意。

第4题：

Intermsofcommunicationinanotherlanguage,marketersshouldnotbe

too.

A.proud

B.modest

C.self-confident

D.happy

参考答案：C

答案解析：

注释：见原文第二段最后一句：..foreignmarketersshouldnevertakeit

forgrantedthattheyareaffectivelycommunicatinginanotherlanguage.”

第5题：

Thefirstsentence"・・・，theimportanceofunderstandingthelanguageof

acountrycannotbeunderestimated."mostprobablymeans.

A.Understandingofthelanguageofacountryisextremelyimportant

B.Understandingofthelanguageofacountryislessimportant

C.Notenoughimportanceisattachedtotheunderstandingofthe

languageofacountry

D.Enoughimportanceisattachedtotheunderstandingofthelanguage

ofacountry

2

参考答案：A

答案解析：

注释：此句的“not...under-"为双否定结构，意思是肯定的，所以A选项为最

佳答案。其他选项的意思有误或原文中没有涉及。

Withournation，seconomiccompetitivenessslackeningandour

productivitylevelsnotkeepingpacewithourinternationalcompetitors,

employersandpolicymakershavecalledforchangesandimprovementsin

howourschoolspreparestudents.Inmultiplesurveys,employerspoint

toinadequaciesinacademicskillsandworkreadinessamongworkers,

includingthelackofintegrityandofwillingnesstoassume

responsibilityandworkcooperatively.Theyalsopointtotheincreasing

needforworkerstobelifelonglearners一aneedgeneratedbythe

increasingspeedwithwhichskillsbecomeobsoleteandbythefrequent

changesinjobsthataretypicallymadebyworkersduringtheirlifetimes

(oneinfiveworkersleavetheirjobsonceeveryfiveyearsandyounger

workersevenmoreoften).AccordingtotheCommitteeforEconomic

Development,uEmployersinbothlargeandsmallbusinessesdecrythelack

ofpreparationforworkamongthenation'shighschoolgraduates.Toomany

studentslackreading,writing,andappropriatebehavioronthejob.Nor

havetheylearnedhowtolearn,howtosolveproblems,makedecisions,

orsetpriorities.”Thisviewofyoungworkerscontributestotheirpoor

prospectsinthelabormarketasemployersseektohireolder,more

experiencedworkers,evenforentry-levelpositions.

Yetstudentshavecorrectlyascertainedthatthereislittle,

ifany,relationshipbetweenhowwelltheydoinschoolandhowlikely

theyaretogetahigh-skill,high-payjob,orevenajobthatpaysgood

studentsmorethantheircounterpartswhodolesswellinschool.

Employersrarelybothertochecktheacademiccredentialsofyoungjob

applicants,nordoestheUShaveanexternallygradedcompetency

assessmentsystem,whichiskeytothesecondaryschoolcurriculum,as

domostotherindustrializednations.TheUSDepartmentofLabor

Secretary'sCommissiononAchievingNecessarySkills(SCANS)recentlymade

astartondevelopingsuchasystembyidentifyingthefivecompetencies

thateffectiveworkerscanproductivelyuseandthethree-partfoundation

ofskillsandpersonalqualitiesthatcompetencerequires.

第6题：

Employersandpolicymakerscallforimprovementsineducationbecause

A.internationalcompetitiondemandscapableandresponsibleworkers

3

B.economiccompetitivenessdemandsstudentswithadvancedtechnology

C.productivitycannotbefurtherraisedwiththepresenteducational

level

D.schoolsoveremphasizeworkingskillsattheexpenseofacademic

skills

参考答案：A

答案解析：

第一段第一、第二句指出，随着我国的经济竞争力的减弱，生产力水平落后于我

们的国际竞争对手，雇主和政策制定者要求改变并改善学校教育学生的方式。多

项调查显示，雇主认为自己的雇工学业水平不够，工作准备不足，包括缺乏诚恳

的态度，不愿意承担责任，工作缺乏合作精神。

第7题：

Lifelonglearningismadeanecessitybythe______.

A.failureofschoolstoproducequalifiedstudents

B.needoftheworkerstoconstantlyrenewtheirskills

C.lackofpreparationforworkonthepartofthestudents

D.threatimpendingunemploymentimposesonskilledworkers

参考答案：B

答案解析：

根据第一段第三句，雇主们也指出，工人越来越需要终身学习，这一需要产生于：

技能更新快，工人一生可能多次更换工作。

第8题：

Whichofthefollowingismentionedasaresultoftheemployers，

disappointmentwithschoolgraduates?

A.Thenationlackseconomiccompetitiveness.

B.Productivitylevelscannotberaisedsubstantially.

C.Manyjobpositionsareleftunfilled.

D.Employersarereluctanttohireschoolgraduates.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

第一段最后一句提到，对年轻工人的这种看法导致了他们就业前景不乐观，雇主

宁愿去雇岁数大点、更有经验的工人，即使在低层岗位也是这样。

第9题：

Infaceofaccusation,schoolgraduatesdefendthemselvesbysaying

A.examinationresultscanneverreflectthetruecapabilityof

students

B.goodacademicachievementisnoguaranteeforhigh-payjobs

4

C.jobperformancehasnothingtodowithhowwelltheydoinschool

D.highschoolsneverattachmuchimportancetotrainingtheirhi-tech

skills

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]意为：学业好未必能找到高薪水的工作。第二段第一句提到，在学生看来一

—他们这样看也没错，他们的学业和能否找到高技能、高薪水的工作之间几乎没

有什么关系。

第10题：

Wecanspeculatethat,aftertheSCANShasdevelopedtheassessmentsystem,

itislikelythat.

A.improvementswillbemadeinhowschoolspreparestudents

B.workerswillcertainlyincreasetheircompetitivenessand

productivity

C.theacademicfoundationofskillswillbemademoresolid

D.morejobopportunitieswillbeopenedforschoolgraduates

参考答案：A

答案解析：

第二段第二句提到，不像多数其他工业化国家一样，美国没有一种外在的等级水

平评估体系，这对中学的教学方案至关重要。言外之意，如果有这样一种体系，

中学教育就有了指导方向。第三句提到，SCANS最近正在研究这样一种体系，确

认出工人能有效使用的五种能力水平以及达到这种能力所需要的由三部分组成

的技能和素质基础。

ThetutorswhotaughttheCPStutorialsfoundittobeapositive

experience.TheCPStutorsallhadteachingexperiencebutpreviouslyhad

adoptedtheumini-lecture,,approachtoteachingintutorials.Atthe

beginningoftheproject,onetutorwasverycommittedandenthusiastic,

buttheothertwowereguardedanduncertainaboutthelikelyoutcomeof

theproject.Thisledtospeculationaboutpossibleobstaclessuchas

studentantagonism,studentunwillingnesstoparticipate,andstudentlack

ofpreparation.Bytheendoftheninthweek,however,allCPStutors

appearedenthusiasticabouttheproject.Onenotedthatthewhole

atmosphereofatutorialistotallydifferentnow...itissomuchbetter

whenyoucanwalkaroundthegroupsandjustsitwiththemforfiveminutes

一mostofthelearninggoesonwhenyouaresittingtheretalkingto

individualgroupsratherthantothewholeclass...Itisbettertoexplain

tosmallgroups,asevenifitclickswithonlyonepersoninthegroup

theycanthenexplainittoeveryoneelse.

CPStutorsagreedthattheywereenjoyingtutoringmorethan

theyhaddoneinthepastorinothersubjectsinwhichtheywerecurrently

5

tutoring.Theyattributedthisnewlevelofsatisfactiontothereduced

stress,becausetheywerenolongerthecenterofattentionandtothe

opportunitytointeractwithstudentsinamoreinformalatmosphere.They

believedthatstudentswereateasewiththemandwitheachotherandwere,

therefore,morewillingtoaskandanswerquestions.Inthissupportive

andcongenialsituation,studentsweremorelikelytotakerisks.

CPStutorsobservedthatstudentswerebetterpreparedfor

tutorialscomparedwithotherstudentstheyhadtaught,especiallyin

relationtotheirreadingoftheprescribedtextbook.Onetutorcommented

thattheidentificationofkeyconceptsinthereadingguidewasusedby

somestudentsasaframeworkforsummarydevelopment.Thisobservation

wassupportedbystudentsinasubject-reviewmeetingheldintheeighth

weekofthesemester.

Tutorialobservationsindicatedthattheclassroomdynamics

thatdevelopedduringthesemesterwereverydifferentintheCPSandTRAD

tutorials.AnimportantandconsistentlyobservedfeatureoftheCPS

tutorialswastheapparentlyhigherlevelsofstudentparticipationand

thesophisticationofthequestionsaskedbystudentscomparedwiththe

TRADtutorials.ThefourTRADtutorialswereuniforminteachingstyle

一allweresolution-givingmini-lectures.Studentparticipationwas

limitedtoansweringquestionsthatoftenrequiredsinglewordanswers

andmanystudentsremainedsilentthroughoutthetutorial.

a

第11题:

IntheCPStutorials,.

A.theteachersmeetthestudentsonone-to-onebasis

B.thestudentsteacheachotherwithouttheteachers'guidance

C.theclassisorganizedinamini-instructionapproach

D.thestudentsgetinstructionfromaPCinsteadfromhumanteachers

参考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]意为：采用小班的形式上课。第一段第二句提到，CPS的教员都有

教学经验，以前都采用过“小班”形式指导过学生。另请参阅第一段最后一句。

第12题:

Atfirst,someteacherswereskepticalabouttheCPSprojectbecausethey

wereafraid.

A.theymightmeetwithresistancefromthestudentstosuch

instruction

B.theywerenotqualifiedforsuchaformatofinstruction

6

C.theywerenotusedtoteachingstudentsinsmall-groupformats

D.moretimewouldbewastedingivingmini-lectures

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]意为：在这样的教学中他们可能遇到来自学生的阻力。第一段第三句

提到，在这个项目的最初阶段，一个教员非常投入、非常热情，但是，另外两个

存有戒心，对于这个项目会产生什么样的结果感到没有把握。这使他们预料他们

可能遇到阻力，如学生反对、参与不积极、学生准备不充分等。

第13题：

MostteachersattributethesuccessoftheCPSprojectto.

A.theenthusiasmthestudentsshowforindividualizedlearning

B.theincreasedlearningopportunitiesforstudents

C.increasedinstructor-studentinteractionandeaseinteachingand

learning

D.thedeterminationofboththeteachersandstudentstomakeita

success

参考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]意为：老师与学生之间交流活动的增加和教与学的轻松气氛。根据

第二段，CPS教员将成功归结为紧张程度（stress）的减少，因为他们（指老师）

不再处于注意力的中心，并且归结为在更随意的气氛中与学生交流的机会。他们

相信，学生与他们以及学生互相之间轻松相处，因此，更容易提问和回答问题。

第14题：

Itseemsthatthemostprominentimprovementobservedintheprojectis

A.theeaseininstructiononthepartoftheteachers

B.thediversityofmaterialstobelearned

C.increasedstudentparticipationinlearning

D.bothAand

参考答案：C

答案解析：

第三段提到，与他们以前教的学生相比，CPS教员看到，学生对上课准备得更充

分一一特别表现在他们对规定课本的预习上。一个教员提到，在提供给学生的导

读材料中的一些重要概念，被某些学生用于总结所读材料的框架。这些都表明学

生更自觉、更积极地参加学习活动。

第15题：

Whatisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A.TheCPSProject'sInfluenceonTutors，TeachingExperiences.

7

B.AComparativeStudyofCPSandTRADTutorials.

C.TheAdvantagesofCPSoverTraditionalTeachingMethods.

D.TheRoleofModernTechnologyinClassroomTeaching.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

本文介绍了CPS教学方式，特别强调了这种教学方式对教师和学生的影响一一尤

其是前者。

Futurologistshavenotbeenverypreciseabouthow,andhowmuch,

digitalmediawillchangeourlives.Mostcommenthasfocusedonthe

expectationthatconsumerswillsoonbeabletousetheirTVorPCtoshop,

bankandordermoviesfromtheirarmchair.Commentatorsenvisagemore

dramaticchangestoeverydaylife.NicholasNegroponte,directorofMIT's

MediaLab,believesthatakeydevelopmentoverthenextfiveyearswill

betheapersonalization,,ofthecomputer,withwearabledevicessuchas

awrist-mountedTV,computerandtelephone.PeterCochrane,headof

researchatBritishTelecom,looksfurtherahead,askingustouimagine

avirtualrealityinterface,withyourvisualcortexfloodedby

informationfromspectacle-mountedorcontactlensesaugmentedby

directionalaudioinput,tactileglovesandprostheticarmsandfingers

thatwillgiveyouthesensationoftouch,resistanceandweight”.

Historically,enthusiastsfornewtechnologieshaveusually

beenoveroptimisticaboutthespeedofchange.Mostnewtechnologiestake

longertobeadoptedbythegeneralpublicthantheseenthusiastsexpect,

althoughtherehavebeenexceptions:oncetheyhadreachedcriticalmass,

VCRsandmobilephonestookofffasterthanmostexpertspredicted.

Arguably,everydaylifeintheadvancedeconomieschangedmorebetween

the1880sandthe1930sthaninthelastfiftyyearsor,possibly,the

next.Nevertheless,itisvalidtotalkaboutadigital"revolution”,

sincetheextentofchangeisdramaticbyanystandardsanddigital

technologyisitsbiggestsingledrivingforce.Eveniftheenthusiasts

overstatehowquicklythingswillchange,theymayturnouttoberight

aboutthescaleofthatchange.

Atthisstage,nooneknowshowthedigitalrevolutionwill

develop.Althoughthetechnologyitselfisnowbecomingsomewhatmore

predictable,exactlyhow,andhowfast,thingschangewilldependnotonly

ontechnicaldevelopmentsbutalsoonthepoliciesofkeycommercialand

politicalplayers,especiallyintheUS.Lesspredictableishow

enthusiasticallyconsumerswilltaketothistechnologyonaneveryday,

mass-marketscale.Leastpredictablearethesocio-culturaland

geo-politicalresponses:Willthedigitalrevolutionleadtogreater

internationalunderstandingorbitterrivalry?Willitencourage

materialismanderodereligiousbelief,orleadtoareligiousbacklash?

8

Willitmakepeoplehappier?

第16题：

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thelikelyimpactofdigitaltechnologyoneverydaylife.

B.Theimprovementsmadeintheworldofmasscommunication.

C.Theapplicationsofdigitalmediainbusinessesandourlives.

D.Theoveroptimisticfeelingspeopleholdaboutthenewtechnologies.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]参阅第2、第3、第4、第5题题解。

第17题：

WhatPeterCochranesayschieflymeansthat.

A.thefuturewillseeelectronicpeopledoingmostofworkforhuman

beings

B.dramaticchangeswilltakeplacein.oureverydaylife

C.humanswillbedeprivedofthesensationsoftouch,resistanceand

weight

D.ourmindswillbesofloodedwithinformationthatwemaybeconfused

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]在第一段最后一句Cochrane展望未来，要求我们想像一个虚拟的现实界面，

其中，通过装在眼镜上的或直接附在眼球上的隐形眼镜，再附之以定向音频输入、

触觉手套、假肢和假手指，以便给人以触觉、阻力和应力，通过以上这些设备，

信息就会源源不断地流入你的视网膜。这里，Cochrane所说这番话的意思是想

说明第一段第三句表达的意思，即：数字媒体将给我们的日常生活带来的巨大变

化。

第18题：

Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat.

A.somepeopleareoverenthusiasticaboutthescaleofchangedigital

mediawillbringus

B.thespeedandscaleofchangebroughttousbythedigitalmedia

willbedramatic

C.today，schangeswillinnowaymatchthechangestakingplacebetween

the1880sandthe1930s

D.nooneissuretowhatextentdigitaltechnologywillchangethe

media

9

参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］意为：数字媒体给我们带来的变化速度和规模将是巨大的。第二段指出，

虽然人们有时对于变化的速度过于乐观，但是，我们谈论数字“革命”却是有道

理的，因为，从任何标准来看，变化的规模都是巨大的，而且，数字技术是（推

动这场变化的）惟一巨大的推动力。即使说有些人夸大了变化的速度，他们对变

化规模的看法却可能是正确的。［A］不对。注意：在这个选择项中提到的是某些

人对变化的规模过于乐观，而不是对速度过于乐观。

第19题:

Intermsofthescaleofchange,theauthorconsidersthepresent

change.

A.asarevolution

B.asbeingsuperficial

C.asbeinginestimable

D.asoneoftheoldchanges

参考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］参阅第3题题解。另外，第三段第一句中也用了digitalrevolution这样

的词。

第20题:

Whatthepresentchangewillturnouttobewilldependon.

A.technologicalinnovationinthisdomain

B.whatsocialandculturalchangeswilltakeplace

C.whetherconsumersgreetthischangewithenoughenthusiasm

D.alloftheabove

参考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］［A］意为：这个领域内技术的创新。最后一段第二句提到，虽然技术本身现

在正变得更容易预测，但是，事情如何变化以及变化速度的快慢将不仅取决于技

术的发展，而且取决于特别是像美国这样的经济和政治强国的政策。［B］与文章

内容相符。最后一段最后一句提到了社会文化因素对变化规模和速度的影响。［C］

与文章内容相符。最后一段第三句提到了消费者对数字技术产品的热情程度，认

为这也是制约数字技术如何影响我们的生活的重要因素。

Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas

"hard”,thesocialsciencesas"soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesas

somewhereinbetween.Thisisinterpretedtomeanthatourknowledgeof

physicalsystemsismorecertainthanourknowledgeofbiologicalsystems,

andtheseinturnaremorecertainthanourknowledgeofsocialsystems.

io

Intermsofourcapacitytosampletherelevantuniverse,however,and

theprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleast

approximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismore

reasonable.Weareabletosampletheearth，ssocialsystemswithsome

degreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniverse

beinginvestigated.Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileit

isinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriously

overturnedbynewdiscoveries.Eventhefolkknowledgeinsocialsystems

onwhichordinarylifeisbasedinearning,spending,organizing,marrying,

takingpartinsocialactivities,fightingandsoon,isnotverydissimilar

fromthemoresophisticatedimagesofthesocialsystemderivedfromthe

socialsciences,eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamples

ofpersonalexperience.

Incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,oreven

ofearth，sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionary

changesasnewdatacomesinandnewtheoriesareworkedout.Ifwedefine

the“security“ofourimageofvariouspartsofthetotalsystemasthe

probabilityoftheirsufferingsignificantchanges,thenwewouldreverse

theorderofhardnessandseethesocialsciencesasthemostsecure,

thephysicalsciencesastheleastsecure,andagainthebiological

sciencesassomewhereinbetween.Ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse

istheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantastically

smallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialascomparedwiththe

richrecordsofthesocialsystems,oreventhelimitedrecordsof

biologicalsystems.Recordsoftheastronomicaluniverse,despitethefact

thatweseedistantthingsastheywerelongago,arelimitedinthe

extreme.

Eveninregardtosuchacloseneighborasthemoon,whichwe

haveactuallyvisited,theoriesaboutitsoriginandhistoryareextremely

different,contradictory,andhardtochooseamong.Ourknowledgeof

physicalevolutionisincompleteandhighlyinsecure.

第21题：

Theword“paradox”(Line1,Paragraph1)means”

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

参考答案：B

答案解析：

11

［B］意为：矛盾。paradox意为：自相矛盾的事；谬论。

第22题：

Accordingtotheauthor,weshouldreverseourclassificationofthe

physicalsciencesas“hard”andthesocialsciencesas"soft"because.

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysical

sciences

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthat

of•socialsystems

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysical

phenomena

参考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］意为：较之自然现象，我们能更确切地研究社会现象。第一段第三、第四、

第五句指出，就我们对相关的领域(universe)的抽样研究能力而言，并就下列这

种可能性而言，我们对这些领域的认识至少是基本正确的，我们以为将次序倒过

来看更加合理。我们能够怀着一定程度的信心来对社会体系进行抽样研究，我们

可以对整个研究领域进行合理的抽样研究，因此，我们对社会体系的认识一一虽

然在许多方面还不太精确一一不可能被新发现彻底推翻。另请参阅以下两题的题

解。［A］意为：相反的次序将有利于推动自然科学的发展。

第23题:

Theauthorbelievesthatourknowledgeofsocialsystemsismoresecure

thanthatof

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］意为：它基于相当具有代表性的一定量的数据。参阅第一段第三、第四句和

第二段第三句，有关这几句话的意思见其他题题解。这两部分都强调了作为研究

对象的抽样的量和代表性。

第24题：

Thechancesofthephysicalsciencesbeingsubjectedtogreatchangesare

thebiggestbecause.

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate

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参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］意为：新信息不断产生。第二段第一句指出，随着新数据的产生和新理论的

诞生，我们对天文学领域或对地球的地质历史的认识容易产生革命性的变化。［A］

意为：相互矛盾的理论不断产生。本选择项表达的内容过于牵强，与原文所说的

意思有出入。

第25题：

Weknowlessabouttheastronomicaluniversethanwedoaboutanysocial

systemsbecause.

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

参考答案：c

答案解析：

［C］意为：我们只观察到其很小的一部分。第二段第三句指出，我们对天文领域

的认识是所有领域中最不可靠的，这仅仅是因为我们观察到的是其中极小的一部

分，并且，与社会体系丰富的记录一一甚至与生物学体系有限的记录一一相比，

其记录简直微不足道(trivial)。［A］意为：有关其起源和历史的理论多种多样。

Afewcommonmisconceptions.Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One，sphysical

assetsandliabilitiesdon，tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer.

Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.

Overthelast30years,socialscientistshaveconductedmore

than1000studiesofhowwereacttobeautifulandnot-so—beautifulpeople.

Thevirtuallyunanimousconclusion：Looksdomatter,morethanmostof

usrealize.Thedatasuggest,forexample,thatphysicallyattractive

individualsaremorelikelytobetreatedwellbytheirpatents,sought

outas-friends,andpursuedromantically.Withthepossibleexceptionof

womenseekingmanagerialjobs,theyarealsomorelikelytobehired,

paidwell,andpromoted.

Un-American,yousay,unfairandextremelyunbelievable?Once

again,thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpietieswhileactingjust

thecontrary.Theirtypicalexperimentworkssomethinglikethis.They

giveeachmemberofagroup一collegestudents,perhaps,orteachersor

corporatepersonnelmanagersapieceofpaperrelatinganindividual's

accomplishments.Attachedtothepaperisaphotograph.Whilethepapers

allsayexactlythesamethingthepicturesaredifferent.Someshowa

strikinglyattractiveperson,someanaverage-lookingcharacter,andsome

anunusuallyunattractivehumanbeing.Groupmembersareaskedtorate

theindividualoncertainattributes,anythingfrompersonalwarmthto

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thelikelihoodthatheorshewillbepromoted.

Almostinvariably,thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,

thehigherthepersonisrated.Inthephrase,borrowedfromSappo,that

thesocialscientistsusetosumupthecommonperception,whatis

beautifulisgood.

Inbusiness,however,go