2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版2必修第三册　Unit 3　Diverse Cultures

2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版2Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．fortunecookie幸运曲奇2．gumbon．秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)3．nachosn．[pl.]墨西哥玉米片4．chipn．(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片5．cheesen．干酪；奶酪6．spicyadj.加有香料的；辛辣的7．ethnicadj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的8．graffitin．[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画9．comicn．连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的10．immigrantn．(外来)移民；外侨11．chinan．瓷；瓷器12．jazzn．爵士乐13．barn．酒吧；小吃店；小馆子14．diagramn．简图；图解；图表；示意图15．Atlanticadj.大西洋的16．jeansn．牛仔裤17．bootn．靴子18．mushroomn．蘑菇；蕈19．accessoryn．配饰；附件；配件20．souvenirn．纪念物；纪念品21．taichi太极拳22．herbaladj.药草的；香草的Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．definitelyadv.肯定；确实2．downtownadv.在市中心；往市中心3．missionn．传教(区)；重要任务；使命4．districtn．地区；区域5．afterwards(NAmEusuallyafterward)adv.以后；后来6．seekvt.&vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求7．journaln．日志；日记；报纸；刊物8．claimvt.&n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言9．seriesn．一系列；连续；接连10．escapevi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱11．superadv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的12．percentagen．百分率；百分比13．climaten．气候14．mildadj.温和的；和善的；轻微的15．materialn．材料；布料；素材adj.物质的；实际的16．clothingn．衣服；服装17．itemn．项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)18．neatadj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．diverseadj.不同的；多种多样的→diversityn．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2．fortunen．机会；运气→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地3．admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)→admissionn．准许进入；承认；入场费4．occurvi.发生；出现→occurrencen．发生；发生的事5．historicaladj.(有关)历史的→historyn．历史→historicadj.有历史意义的；历史性的6．earnvt.&vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→earningn．收入；收益7．selectvt.选择；挑选；选拔→selectionn．选择；挑选→selectiveadj.选择性的；有选择的8．minorityn．少数民族；少数派；少数人→minoradj.次要的；较小的9．financialadj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financiallyadv.金融上地；财政上地→financen．财政；金融10．poetryn．诗集；诗歌；诗作→poetn．诗人→poemn．诗歌11．poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的→poisonn．毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死；毒害12．foldvt.包；裹；折叠vt.&vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平→unfoldvt.打开；展开13．collectionn．作品集；收集物；收藏品→collectvt.搜集；收藏14．settlevt.&vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlementn．解决；定居→settlern．殖民者；移居者15．constructionn．建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构→constructvt.建设；建造16．suitvt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身n．西服；套装→suitableadj.合适的；适当的→suitablyadv.合适地17．containvt.包含；含有；容纳→containern．容器1．proverb/'prɒvɜːb/n．谚语；格言2．fulfilling/fʊl'fIlIŋ/adj.让人感觉有意义的；令人满足的→fulfil/fʊl'fIl/vt.实现；履行；符合3．potent/'pəʊtnt/adj.强大的；强有力的；有强效的4．idleness/'aIdlnəs/n．闲散状态→idle/'aIdl/adj.闲散的vt.&vi.混时间；闲荡5．disheartening/dIs'hɑːtnIŋ/adj.令人沮丧的6．nonetheless/ˌnʌnðə'les/adv.(alsononetheless)尽管如此7．seminar/'semInɑː(r)/n．研讨课；研讨会8．stem/stem/vt.阻止；封堵；遏止n．(花草的)茎；(花或叶的)梗9．confess/kən'fes/vi.&vt.承认；坦白；供认10．divorce/dI'vɔːs/vi.&vt.离婚；使分离n．离婚；分离Ⅳ.背核心短语1．headto(朝……)前进；(向……)去2．seekone’sfortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界3．earnaliving谋生4．seriesof一系列或一连串(事件)5．apartfrom(especiallyNAmEasidefrom)除了……外(还)；此外6．bringabout导致；引起7．tonamebutafew仅举几例8．(at)firsthand第一手；亲自9．usedtodosth过去常常做某事10．turninto变成Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.(what引导的感叹句)多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。2．Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills...(独立主格结构)这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅……3．Toearnaliving，someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.(不定式作目的状语)为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店、开餐馆。4．ThemuseumdidareallygoodjobofshowinghowAmericawasbuiltbyimmigrantsfromdifferentcountriesandcultures.(how引导的宾语从句)这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。5．WhatstartedasaresidentialareaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.(what引导的主语从句)这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成一个中华文化中心。6．ThemajorityofresidentsinChinatownarestillethnicChinese，manyofwhomdonotspeakEnglishfluently.(“代词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。Ihadalwaysbeenattractedtoethniccultures.So1.____________(wear)myjeansandboots，IwenttoDali，YunnanProvince，whichis2.____________districtofdiverseminoritiesandhasamildclimate.Itwouldbea3.____________(definite)superexperience.Infact，atfirst，Ithoughttherewouldbealargepercentageofconstructions4.____________(make)ofprimitivematerialsduetofinancialdifficulty.However，itturnedoutthatthedowntownareacontainedneatbarsinwhichjazzwasplayedandshops5.__________specialclothing，accessories，souvenirsandchina，tonamebutafewwereforsale.Touristscanalwaysselectwhatsuitsthem6.____________(well)．Manypeoplearemigrantsfromotherplaces.Somecome7.__________(seek)theirfortuneorearnalivingwhileotherssettledowntoescapefromthecoldnorthofChina.Afterwards，IheadedtoaneighborhoodwheretheBaiethnicgrouplived.Ihadthefortunetoparticipateinaseriesof8.____________(activity)，includingidentifyingpoisonousmushrooms，learningaboutherbalmedicine,9.____________collectingitemsuniquetotheBai.Apartfromthese，Itastedsomeauthenticlocalfoodswhichwerespeciallyspicybutdelicious.Whatan10.____________(amaze)experienceitwas！提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇fortunen．机会；运气；大笔的钱；财富；命运[fortunateadj.幸运的(＝lucky)fortunatelyadv.幸运地(＝luckily)misfortunen．不幸unfortunateadj.不幸的]•seek/tryone’sfortune找出路；碰运气makeafortune发财；赚钱havethegoodfortunetodosth有幸做某事•befortunatetodosth/indoingsth有幸做某事(1)ManyimmigrantsheadedtoCaliforniatoseektheir____________(fortunate)butendedupdoingdiverseoddjobstoearnaliving.(2)他决定到市区去碰碰运气，看看能不能发财。他有幸得到了市长的帮助，并且幸运地成功开办了自己的公司。Hedecidedto______________________downtowntosee______________________.He________________________________getthehelpofthemayorandsuccessfullystartedhisownbusiness__________.admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)(admissionn．准许进入；承认；入场费)beadmittedinto/to被……录取；被……接收admitdoingsth/havingdonesth承认做过某事admitsb/sthtobe＋adj./n.承认某人/某物(事)为……(1)Itissaidthat____________(admit)totheconcertis￡5andasaresult，Ideterminetoenjoyit.(2)Theboyadmitted________________________(cheat)intheexaminationandsincerelyapologizedtohisteacher.→Theboyadmittedthat________________________________________________.(3)只有达到特定标准的人才可以参加奥运会。Onlythosewhohavereachedthespecificstandard________________________________________________________________________________.(4)得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信)____________________________________，Iamwritingtooffersincerecongratulationstoyou.escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；泄漏；避开；被忘掉n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱(escapedadj.逃跑了的)•escapefrom从……逃脱，从……逃跑escapedoingsth避开做某事•haveanarrowescape死里逃生(1)Itwasclaimedthataprisonerhadescaped____________theprison，whichshockedthepublic.(2)Youarefortunateenoughtoescape__________________(kill)intheaccidentandthe____________(escape)driverhasbeenarrested.(3)最后，我们九死一生，幸运地躲过了饥饿的北极熊的伤害。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)________________________________________________________________________(4)这个女孩看起来很面熟，但不知怎么的，我忘了她的名字。Thegirllooksquitefamiliar，but____________________________________somehow.settlevi.定居；安家vt.使定居；(使)平静下来；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)(settlementn．定居；协议；解决settlern．移居者；殖民者)settledown(使)安定；安居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下settlein/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应settledownto(doing)sth开始认真(做)某事(1)Themomentthe____________(settle)landedonthecontinent，theysettleddownto____________(earn)theirlivingindiverseways.(2)我很荣幸看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。(2023·新课标Ⅱ)It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopand____________________________________________________________________________________________________.(3)他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。(读后续写之动作链描写)Theydashedoutofthecar，putupthetentand________________________，enjoyingthesurroundingbreathtakingsights.bringabout引起；导致bringup抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐bringin引进；获利；赚钱bringout出版；使显现bringdown使倒下；减少；降低bringback把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复用bring短语的正确形式填空(1)Idon’tclearlyrememberwho________________thequestionbutrememberitdefinitely______________________aheateddiscussion.(2)Thereasonwhydiversegoodsaresoldatsuchalowpriceisthatthemanufacturersarewillingto________________thepriceinreturnforbigvolumepurchases.(3)Thepictureoften____________tomeseriesofhappymemoriesofmyhighschooldays.(4)Theideahe____________twomonthsagohas____________alotmoremoneyforthebar.(5)Asateacher，Ihavethegoodfortuneto____________thebestinmystudents.独立主格结构Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills...这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅……•句中manysittingontopofbighills是独立主格结构，可表示谓语动作发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。•独立主格结构的构成：n./pron.＋v.-ing/v.-ed/todo/adj./adv./n./介词短语(1)我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。(读后续写之心理描写)Ilookedatmyfathernervously，________________________________________________.(2)心中有梦想，我坚信你会成功的。________________________，Iamfirmlyconvincedthatyouwillmakeitintheend.(3)她抬起头，悲伤地盯着我，眼泪夺眶而出。(读后续写之动作描写)Sheraisedherheadandstaredatmesorrowfully，____________________________________.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．settleeq\x(A.定居；安顿B.解决C.最终确定D.使平静下来，安静下来E.降落；停留)(1)Itriedtosettlethecryingbabydown，butinvain.________(2)ThedisagreementwassosharpthatneitherhenorIknewhowtosettleit.(2022·全国甲)________(3)Withnoonelivinginitforweeks，dusthassettledoneverythinginthehouse.________(4)Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.(2021·全国甲)________(5)It’sallsettled—we’releavingonthenineo’clockplane._________2．claimeq\x(A.vt.宣称B.vt.索回C.n.要求D.vt.认领E.vt.夺走)(1)Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller，claiming180,000livesperyear.________(2)Itisclaimedthatsomedoctorsareworking80hoursaweek.________(3)Youcanclaimyourmoneybackifthegoodsaredamaged.________(4)Herepeatedlypushedforwardhisownclaim.________(5)Iftheownerdoesn’tclaimthedogin48hours，youcanapplyforadoption.________3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme.____________(2)Itisnosurprisingthatheearnedpraiseforhishonesty.____________(3)Itsuitstheaudienceandthepurposeandgetsthejobdone.(2022·浙江6月)____________(4)Themediatrainingindustryhasmushroomedoverthepastdecade.____________(5)Learningthatourschooltennisclubisadmittingnewmembers，Icanhardlywaittoinviteyoutojoin.____________Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Whenitcomestoachainoflearningmethods，Imustmakeaproper____________(select)．2．Jimwasbittenbyadoginthepark.____________(fortune)，heonlygotslightlyinjured.3．Mycolleagueadmitted____________________(complain)agreatdealaboutincome.4．Thekindnessofthefamilybrought__________myfaithinhumanityandIwouldtrytobringwarmthtoothersinthefuture.(读后续写之主旨升华)5．Iboughta____________(collect)offirstaidbooks，whichcompletelysuitedmytaste.6．Thephysicianwantedtoescape____________(take)responsibilityforthemedicalmalpractice.7.Therefore，apartfrom____________(be)funandgoodexercise，swimmingisaveryusefulskill.8．Yourjeansarenot____________(suit)forsuchaformaloccasion，soyou’dbetterreplaceitwithasuit.9．TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems，preservingbiological____________(diverse)andprotectingecologicalbufferzones”．(2022·新课标Ⅰ)10．Itsuddenlyoccurredtome____________Ihadmissedtheappointedtime.2022·浙江1月假定你是李华，在“中国－爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已回国，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.回忆活动经历；2.分享个人收获；3.希望保持联系。完成句子1．为促进两国文化交流，上月在我市举办了“中国－爱尔兰文化节”。(不定式作目的状语)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．两国的一些学生代表出席了艺术节，其中许多人是第一次参加这样的活动。(全部倒装；“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导定语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．这个节日非常成功，学生代表们游览了城市，进行了精彩的表演，并交换了意见。(独立主格结构)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．给我印象最深的是文化之夜，来自两国的人们展示了他们精心准备的艺术表演。(what引导主语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．幸运的是，我们在活动中认识了对方，愿我们保持联系，友谊长存。(Itisfortunatethat...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]fortunen．→fortunateadj.→unfortunateadj.；mild；feelgood；excited；super；cool；soundsgreat[动作描写]admit；occur；headto；seek；earnaliving；select；claim；escape；fold；settle；suit；experiencetraditionalChineseculturefirsthand；experiencearealtasteofChina；practisetaichi美句1.Ihavetoadmitthatitdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.(情感描写)2．Iwalkedaroundlookingatthestreetartforafewhours.(动作描写)3．Manyothersfoundjobsonfarms，joinedthegoldrush，orwenttobuildtherailwaythatjoinedCaliforniatotheeasternregionofthecountry.(动作描写)4．Theclimateismildallyearround，meaningitisalwaysagoodtimetovisit.(环境描写)5．Visitorscanalsospendhoursjustexploringtheinterestingsights，smells，andsoundsofChina.(动作描写)拓展语料积累动作细节描写：哭泣流泪(二)单词mistyadj.泪眼模糊的；wateryadj.眼泪汪汪的；tearfuladj.眼含热泪的；crocodiletearsn．鳄鱼眼泪，假哭词块tearscloudone’seyes泪水模糊了双眼；tearswellupinone’seyes热泪盈眶；tearsroll/stream/run/flowdownone’scheeks泪水滑落脸庞；bewetwithtears/intears泪流满面；beclosetotears快要哭了；withalumpinone’sthroat喉咙哽咽；breakdown崩溃大哭句型1.Hestoodsilently，tearsrollingdownhischeeks，whilethemusicplayed.(独立主格结构)音乐声响起时，他静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊淌下来。2.TherewasalumpinmythroatandIdidn’tspeakbecauseIknewIwouldcry.我哽咽了，没有说话，因为我知道我会哭的。3.Ileftquickly，notwantingtobreakdowninfrontofthechildren.我赶快离开了，因为我不想在孩子们面前大哭。4.Realizingshewouldnevercomebacktothelandandneverseeherdearfriendsandteachers，Emma’seyeswentredandwatery.想到她将不会再回到这片土地上，再也见不到她亲爱的朋友和老师了，埃玛双眼发红，泪水盈盈。5.Hiswifepassedawaylastweek.Atthattimeheshedafewcrocodiletearsandnowhe’spreparingforhisweddingagain.上周他的妻子去世了，那时他假惺惺地掉了几滴眼泪，但现在他又准备结婚了。语料运用文化交流Istillrememberthetimewhen①____________anexchangestudentinthiscountry.Whengettingthenews，②________________________.Here，Ihadaverypleasanttime，③________________________________________________(分词短语作状语)andmakingalotofgreatfriends.However，asthesayinggoes，allgoodthingscometoanend.Evenso，whenthinkingaboutthemoment，④______________________________.Whenthedayreallycame，⑤________________________.⑥____________________(独立主格)，Ifinallypickedupmyself，gatheredmycourageanddeterminedtobadefarewelltoallmyfriendsinParis.我还记得我有幸被选为这个国家的交换生的时候。得到这个消息时，我几乎要哭了。在这里，我度过了一段非常愉快的时光，亲身体验了真正的法国文化，结交了许多极好的朋友。然而，俗话说，天下没有不散的筵席。即便如此，当我想起那一刻时，眼泪还是会顺着脸颊滚落。当那一天真的到来时，我几乎崩溃了。眼睛湿润，我终于振作起来，鼓起勇气，决心向我在巴黎的所有朋友告别。Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．astronautn．宇航员；太空人2．proceduren．程序；步骤；手续3．cmabbr.(centimetreorcentimeter)厘米4．rocketn．火箭；火箭弹5．gravityn．重力；引力6．frontiern．边境；国界；边远地区7．vehiclen．交通工具；车辆8．satelliten．人造卫星；卫星9．orbitn．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行10．giantadj.巨大的；伟大的n．巨人；巨兽；伟人11．leapn．跳跃；剧增；剧变vi.&vt.(leapt，leaptorleaped，leaped)跳过；跃过12．agencyn．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处13．transmitvt.&vi.传输；发送14．datan．[pl.]资料；数据15．spacewalkn．太空行走；太空行走的时间16．jaden．玉；翡翠；玉器17．solaradj.太阳的；太阳能的18．solarsystem太阳系；类太阳系19．sufficientadj.足够的；充足的20．soapn．肥皂21．microwaven．(alsomicrowaveoven)微波炉22．tissuen．纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织23．facilityn．设施；设备24．fataladj.致命的；灾难性的25．high-endadj.高端的26．foamn．泡沫橡胶；泡沫27．pillown．枕头28．smartphonen．智能手机29．closingadj.结尾的；结束的n．停业；关闭；倒闭Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．launchvt.&n．发射；发起；上市2．mankindn．人类3．signalvt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n．信号；标志4．recyclevt.回收利用；再利用5．musclen．肌肉；实力；影响力6．floatvi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流7．otherwiseadv.否则；要不然8．beyondprep.在更远处；超出9．currentadj.当前的；现在的n．水流；电流；思潮10．toweln．毛巾；抹布11．keenadj.热衷的；渴望的12．shallowadj.肤浅的；浅的13．patternn．模式；图案；模范14．monitorn．监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测；监控15．resourcen．资源；财力；物力16．oxygenn．氧；氧气Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.精神上地2．intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligencen．智慧3．determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determinevt.查明；确定；决定→determinationn．决心；果断4．disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointvt.使失望→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn．失望；沮丧5．desiren．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→desirableadj.值得做的6．independentadj.独立的；自立的→independentlyadv.独立地；自立地→independencen．独立；自立→dependvi.依靠7．lackvt.缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺→lackingadj.缺乏的；不足的8．globen．地球；世界；地球仪→globaladj.全球的；全面的9．arguevt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论→argumentn．争论；争吵；论点10．analysisn．(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)ev．分析11．regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularlyadv.有规律地；经常；定期地→irregularadj.无规律的；不定期的12．limitedadj.有限的→limitless/unlimitedadj.无限的→limitvt.&n．限制13．mysteryn．神秘事物；谜→mysteriousadj.神秘的14．attachvt.系；绑；贴→attachedadj.附着的；依恋的→attachmentn．附件；附属品；依恋1．accustomed/ə'kʌstəmd/adj.习惯于；通常的2．cherish/'tʃerIʃ/vt.抱有(信念、希望)；怀念；珍爱3．exhausted/Iɡ'zɔːstId/adj.筋疲力尽的；枯竭的4．whatsoever/ˌwɒtsəʊ'evə(r)/adv.丝毫(不)；一点也(不)5．spontaneous/spɒn'teIniəs/adj.自发的；自然的6．unprecedented/ʌn'presIdentId/adj.前所未有的；空前的7．earnest/'ɜːnIst/adj.非常认真的；真诚的8．invade/In'veId/vi.&vt.武装入侵；侵略；侵犯9．surrender/sə'rendə(r)/vi.&vt.投降；(被迫)放弃，交出n．投降；屈服；屈从10．capture/'kæptʃə(r)/n．(被)捕获；(被)俘获vt.俘虏；俘获；捕获Ⅳ.背核心短语1．carryon继续做，坚持干2．onboard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3．inthehopeofdoingsth抱着……的希望4．soasto(dosth)为了；以便5．figureout弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6．resultin导致；造成7．asaresult所以；结果(是)8．provideforsb提供生活所需9．inclosing最后10．runout用完；耗尽Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.(otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句)宇航员在太空工作时，不得不用胶带把所有的东西固定下来，否则所有的东西都会飘走。2．Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo...)把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。3．Firstly，exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.(动名词短语作主语)首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。4．Asaresult，space-basedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfoodtofeedEarth’sincreasingpopulation.(现在分词作前置定语)因此，基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量，从而为地球上不断增长的人口提供充足的食物。Mankindhasmanagedtocreatefacilitiesandvehiclestocarryastronautsintotheuniverse.Theylaunchrockets1.____________(carry)satellites.Manyintelligentpeoplearoundtheglobearedeterminedtodevote2.____________(they)tospaceexploration，eventhoughfatalspacedisasterswhichkilledastronautsonboardmakethem3.____________(disappoint)．Besides，whenlivinginspace，theastronautshavetorecycledirtywatersoastouseitlater.4.__________lackofgravity，theirmusclesbecomeweak.Theyhavetotapeeverythingup,5.____________theywouldfloataround.Theyalsoneedtofigureoutawaytostoresufficientfoodandoxygen.However，people’sdesire6.__________(explore)spaceneverdies.Chinaisthethirdcountrytosendhumansintospaceindependently.ThissignalsagiantleapforwardforChina.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstop7.____________(waste)timeandmoneyonspaceexploration，8.____________isashallowview.Ourplanet’sresourcesarelimited，andasaresult，weshouldfindanewhometoprovidefortheever9.__________(increase)population.Inclosing，weattachgreatimportancetosolvingthemysteryaboutspaceandwillcarryonwithspaceexploration10.________(regular)．提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇disappointedadj.失望的，沮丧的(disappointvt.使失望disappointingadj.令人失望的disappointmentn．失望，沮丧)·bedisappointedat/with/by...对……感到失望bedisappointedtodosth对做某事感到失望bedisappointedthat...对……失望·toone’sdisappointment令某人失望的是(1)Althoughbeingmonitoredcanbefrustratingand________(disappoint)，itturnsoutthatthiscanactuallybegoodforyou.(2)Totheirdisappointment，theyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)①____________________________________wasthattheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(用what引导的主语从句改写)②TheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt，_____________________________________________________________.(用定语从句改写)desiren．渴望；欲望；愿望vt.渴望；期望(desirableadj.值得做的)·haveadesiretodosth渴望做某事haveadesireforsth渴望得到某物·desiretodosth渴望做某事desiresbtodosth渴望某人做某事desirethat...(should)do...渴望……(1)Theboyhasastrongdesire____________asmartphonewithalargeinternalmemorytoplaygames.(2)Wedesirethatsuchmeaningfulactivities________________(hold)onaregularbasis.(3)得知你有强烈的学好汉语的愿望，我写信给你一些实用的建议。(应用文写作之建议信)Learningthatyou______________________________，Iamwritingtoofferyoursomepracticalsuggestions.lackvt.缺乏；缺少；没有n．缺乏；短缺(lackingadj.不足的；缺乏的)·(a)lackof缺少……for/throughlackof因缺少……·belackingin在……方面缺乏(1)Forlack____________sufficientoxygen，theastronautcouldnotcarryonwithhismission.(2)一些学生可能会觉得与不熟悉的人一起练习不舒服，这可能会导致缺乏参与，阻碍他们在课程中的进步。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)Somestudentsmayfeeluncomfortablepracticingwithsomeonetheydon’tknowwell，________________________________________________andhindertheirprogressinthecourse.(3)尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)①Thoughthey________________________________________________，thetwinsmadeupforitbyturningtotheInternetforsomeadvice.②____________________________________，thetwinsmadeupforitbyturningtotheInternetforsomeadvice.(用省略句改写)

arguevt.&vi.争论；争辩；论证(argumentn．争论；争辩；争吵；论点)·arguewithsbabout/oversth因某事与某人争吵/争论arguefor/against(doing)sth据理赞成/反对(做)某事arguesbinto/outofdoingsth说服某人做/不做某事·beyondargument无可争论(1)Itisbeyond____________(argue)thatChineseastronautshavemadegiantcontributionstotheworldspaceexploration.(2)我本想说服他接受我的意见，但很快我意识到，和他争论这个问题没有用，因为他太固执了。Ihadintendedto__________________________________，butsoonIrealized__________________________________，becausehewastoostubborn.(3)根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语名著来提高他们的英语水平。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)Basedontheabovechart，________________________________________________________.attachvt.系；绑；贴；把……固定；重视(attachedadj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的attachmentn．附件；附属品；依恋)·attach...to...把……附在……上；把……绑在……上attachimportance/significance/value/weightto...认为……有重要性/意义/价值/分量·beattachedto喜欢，依恋；附属于(1)Withtimegoingby，Claireseemedtobemore____________(attach)toTony，therobot.(2)如果你能抽出一些时间来审查这封电子邮件所附的草稿并作出必要的更改，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之求助信)Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldsparesometimetoreviewthedraftscript____________________________________andmakenecessarychanges.(3)在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(应用文写作之建议信)__________________________________________duringtheprocessoflearningalanguage.(4)他拿出吊床，拴在树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。(读后续写之动作链描写)Hetookoutthehammock，________________________andlayinitcomfortably，listeningtohisfavoritemusic.resultin导致；造成·resultfrom由……导致；因……而产生·asaresult因此asaresultof由于……withoutresult没有结果；徒劳地(1)用result短语的正确形式填空Misunderstandings________________________lackofsocialcommunicationand，ifnothandledproperly，may____________moreseriousproblems.____________，weshouldmastersufficientcommunicatingskills.(2)这次活动不仅将提供一个了解中国文化的机会，而且将增进相互理解和友谊。(2023·天津6月，书面表达)NotonlywilltheactivityprovideanopportunitytolearnabouttheChineseculture____________________________________________________________.runout用完；耗尽(物作主语，无被动语态)runoutof用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态)runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐；追求runinto撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)用run短语的正确形式填空(1)Themomentwe____________acutewildrabbit，werodeourhorsesand____________itinexcitement.(2)David’senergywas________________butwhenheheardloudcheersfromtheotherkids，hewasplodding(步履艰难)hiswaytowardsthefinishingline，bathedinsweat.(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)(3)Ihad____________allmypatienceandIbegantoexplodewithanger.动名词短语作主语Firstly，exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。exploringspace是动名词(短语)在句中作主语。单个动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数；两个或两个以上用复数，doing作主语还有以下情况：(1)it作形式主语：Itisnouse/nogood/uselessdoingsth.“做某事没用。”；Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.“做某事浪费时间。”(2)动名词的复合结构：名词所有格/形容词性物主代词＋doing作主语。(1)Keepingakeenmindandbeingdetermined______(be)whatittakestobesuccessful.(2)在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼儿，但是我知道感到害怕是没用的，找到走出森林的路才是我现在必须做的事情。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)____________________________________mademyheartinmymouth.ButIknewthat____________________________________________and_________________________waswhatImustdorightnow.(3)在我看来，玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。Inmyopinion，________________________________________________.(4)他考试又不及格使他很羞愧，他羞愧地低着头。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)________________________madehimashamedandhehungdownhisheadinshame.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．currentA.adj.现在的；当前的B.adj.流通的C.n.气流D.n.潮流(1)Somebirdsusewarmaircurrentstohelpthemfly.________(2)ThecurrentmoneyinChinaisRenminbi.________(3)Weshouldtryourbesttogowiththecurrentofthetimes.________(4)Withthecurrentfootprintofhumanity，“itseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform，possiblywithinadecade，certainlywithinthiscentury，”Johnsonsaidinanemail.(2021·北京)________2．otherwiseA.adv.以其他方式B.adv.否则；要不然C.adv.除此以外(1)Seizethechance，otherwiseyouwon’tenjoythebeautifultraditionalChinesepaintings.(2021·浙江6月)________(2)Therewassomemusicplayingupstairs.Otherwisethehousewassilent.________(3)Itisnotpermittedtosellorotherwisedistributecopiesofpastexaminationpapers.________3．launcheq\x(A.发射卫星等B.创办；发行C.发动，发起运动、战役等D.新产品投入市场)(1)ItisconfirmedthatChinawilllaunchmorespacecraftstothemooninthefollowingyear.________(2)Thepolicehavelaunchedaninvestigationintothecase，whichhasresultedingreatconcernsnationwide.________(3)TheIdlerwaslaunchedbyTomHodgkinson，backin1993.(2023·新课标Ⅱ，听力)________(4)Afterthelaunchoftheproducts，theyhavewongoodpraisesfromcustomersfortheirconvenientandhigh-efficientsuperiorproperties.________4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedliveswheretheinformationweconsumeismonitoredandtracked，aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceofawhollyprivate，“off-line”activity.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)____________(2)Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren，butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)____________(3)“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”saysKathrynWhitehead.(2020·全国Ⅲ)____________(4)Startabusinessusingthehelpofyourlocallibrary.Ifyouwanttohaveabusinessofyourown，yourlocallibrarycanbecomealaunchspaceforit.(2020·天津7月)____________Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．MrSmithis____________(determine)toseekhisfortuneinth