2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版必修第一册Unit 3　Sports and Fitness

2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版必修第一册Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．soccern．足球；足球运动2．stadiumn．(pl.stadiumsorstadia)体育场；运动场3．boxingn．拳击(运动)4．badmintonn．羽毛球运动5．marathonn．马拉松赛跑6．skiadj.滑雪的vi.滑雪7．trackandfield田径8．gymnasticsn．体操(训练)9．legendn．传奇故事(或人物)；传说10．gloryn．荣誉；光荣；赞美11．gracefuladj.优美的；优雅的12．push-upn．(especiallyNAmE)俯卧撑13．errorn．错误；差错Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．eventn．比赛项目；大事；公开活动2．trackn．跑道；足迹；铁路轨道vt.&vi.追踪；跟踪3．gymn．健身房；体育馆4．sweatvt.使出汗；出汗弄湿vi.出汗；流汗n．汗水；出汗5．athleten．运动员；运动健儿6．mastern．高手；主人vt.精通；掌握7．medaln．奖章；勋章8．apartadv.分离；分开；成碎片9．captainn．(运动队)队长；船长；机长10．pretendvi.&vt.假装；装扮11．millionnum.一百万12．cheatvi.作弊；舞弊vt.欺骗；蒙骗n．欺骗手段；骗子13．audiencen．观众；听众14．positiveadj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的15．slimadj.苗条的；单薄的16．dietn．规定饮食；日常饮食vi.节食17．ratheradv.相当；有点儿18．jogvi.慢跑n．慢跑Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．fitnessn．健康；健壮；适合→fitadj.适合的；健康的vt.&vi.适合→unfitadj.不适合的；不健康的2．hostvt.主办；主持n．主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostessn．女主人；女主持人3．honourn．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸vt.尊敬，使荣幸→honourableadj.可敬的；体面的4．championshipn．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→championn．冠军；优胜者5．determinationn．决心；决定→determinev．决心；决定→determinedadj.坚决的6．injurevt.使受伤；损害→injuredadj.受伤的；有伤的→injuryn．伤害；损伤7．strengthn．力量；体力→strengthenv．增强→strongadj.强壮的8．failuren．失败；失败的人(或事物)→failv．失败9．competevi.竞争；对抗→competitionn．竞争；比赛→competitorn．竞争者；对手→competitiveadj.竞争的；有竞争力的10．stressn．压力；紧张；重音vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安→stressfuladj.造成压力的→stressedadj.感到压力的1．adequately/'ædIkwətli/adv.足够地；合格地→adequateadj.足够的；合格的2．rival/'raIvl/vt.(rivalled，rivalled)比得上；与……相匹敌n．竞争对手adj.竞争的；对立的3．unveil/ˌʌn'veIl/vt.拉开……的帷幔；展示4．melody/'melədi/n．乐曲；旋律；曲调5．tide/taId/n．潮水；潮汐；趋势vt.帮助某人渡过(困难时期)6．vanish/'vænIʃ/vi.突然消失；消亡7．contend/kən'tend/vi.竞争；争夺vt.声称；主张8．scale/skeIl/n．等级；刻度；规模vt.攀登；去鳞；改变……的大小9．strive/straIv/vi.(strove/strəʊv/orstrived，striven/'strIvn/orstrived)努力；奋斗；力求10．splash/splæʃ/vt.把(水、泥等)泼(溅)在……上vi.泼洒；拍打着水游n．落水声；溅上的液体Ⅳ.背核心短语1．comealong跟随；到达；进步；赶快2．workout锻炼；计算出；解决3．makeit获得成功；准时到达4．setanexample树立榜样5．fallapart破裂；破碎；崩溃6．loseheart丧失信心；泄气7．giveup放弃；投降8．makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚9．pretendtodosth假装做某事10．evenif/though即使；虽然11．makeadifference有作用或影响12．ratherthan而不是13．cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下14．nowandthen有时；偶尔15．compare...with/to...与……比较Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.(who引导的定语从句)他们必须是所在运动项目上的大师，而且是他人学习的楷模。2．TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.(现在完成进行时)他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。3．Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.(evenif引导的让步状语从句)足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。4．OnceIstartedthinkingaboutfitnessratherthanweight，thingsbegantochange.(once引导的时间状语从句)一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。5．Insteadofsaying“Iwanttolosethreekilos”，Iwouldsay“Iwanttoruntwokilometresineightminutes”or“Iwanttobeabletodo30push-ups”．(insteadofdoing)我不会说“我想减掉三千克”，我会说“我想在八分钟内跑完两千米”或“我希望能做30个俯卧撑”。6．Bybeingpositiveaboutmyselfandmybody，Ibecamebothhappierandhealthier.(bydoing作状语)通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐，也更加健康了。CompetitiveSportsandMassSportsInmoderntimes，thereseemtobehundredsofsportsforus，suchassoccer，boxing，badminton，marathon，skiing，gymnasticsandtrackandfield.Whateveryoulike，youwillfindone1.______________(suit)foryou.Inaddition，wecanchoosetoworkoutinstadiums，gyms，orathome.Nowadays，sportscanbe2.____________(rough)dividedintotwocategories—competitivesportsandmasssports.Theformermeansthatathletesmustcompete3.____________eachotherformedalsinchampionshipsoreventsinOlympicstowinhonourandgloryfortheircountry,4.____________needsnotonlyskillsandstrengthbutalsogreatdetermination.However，successoftencomesalongwitherror，stress，failureand5.____________(injury)．Sometimesevenamastermayfallapart，butheneverlosesheart.Finallyhemakesitandbecomesachampionandlegend,6.____________(set)anexampletoothers.7.________________(compare)withcompetitivesports，masssportsfocusonfitnessratherthan8.____________(compete)．Millionsofpeoplegojoggingordopush-upstokeephealthyorbecomeslimmerinsteadofgoingonadietbycuttingoutfat.However，withnoaudience9.______________(shout)encouragement，theymaygiveup.Theycheatthemselvesintotakingexercisethenextdayorpretendtohavedoneitotherwise，whichdoesn’tmakesense.However，evenifyoutakeexercisenowandthen，itwillmake10.____________differenceandhavepositiveeffects，won’tit?Sowhynotmoveinandjoininthemasssports?提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇honourn．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸v．尊敬；给予表扬；信守(承诺)(honourableadj.值得尊重的)•It’sanhonourforsbtodosth.对某人来说做某事很荣幸。feelitanhonourtodosth做某事感到荣幸inhonourof...向……表示敬意；为纪念……•be/feelhonouredtodosth做某事感到荣幸(1)MichaelJordan，amasterinbasketball，neverlostheartevenifhewasfacedwithfailure，forwhichhewasgreatly____________(honour)．(2)人们庆祝端午节以纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。(话题写作之传统节日)PeoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestival________________________，whoisagreatChinesepoet.(3)能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(应用文写作之演讲稿)________________________________________________________________________todeliveraspeechhere.determinationn．决心；决定(determinev．测定；决定；确定determinedadj.坚决的；有决心的)•determinetodo...决定做……(表示动作)determineon/upon(doing)sth决定(做)某事•bedeterminedtodo...决心做……(表示状态)(1)Hedetermined____________facingthefailurebravelyratherthanescapingfromreality.(2)The____________lookonherfaceshowsthatshehasstrongconfidenceand____________towinthechampionshipinthecominggymnasticscompetition.(determine)(3)就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养活我的家人。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)ItwasatthattimethatI________________________________________________sothatIcouldhelpsupportmyfamily.(determinetodo)(4)我决定要策划一场以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动，因此写信向你请教一些宝贵的建议。(2023·北京，书面表达改编)____________________________________________________________，Iamwritingtoaskyouforsomepreciousadvice.(形容词短语作状语)injuryn．伤害；损伤(injuredadj.受伤的；有伤的injurevt.使受伤；损害)•dosbaninjury(＝doaninjurytosb)伤害某人•theinjured受伤的人；伤员•get/beinjured受伤(1)Theexplosiondidserious____________tosomepassers-by；fortunately，the____________wereimmediatelyrushedtothenearesthospital.(injure)(2)尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松。①Thoughhe________________________，hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.②________________________，hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.(用状语从句的省略改写)failuren．失败；失败的人(或事物)(failv．失败；不及格)•failure作可数名词，意为“失败者，失败的事”；作不可数名词，意为“失败”。类似用法的词还有success，surprise，honour，difficulty等。•failtodosth没做成某事(1)Thoughhefailed__________________(win)thechampionship，audiencedidn’tviewhimas____________failurebecauseoftherealsportsmanshipheshowedintheevent.(2)正如一句谚语说的那样，“失败是成功之母”。努力工作，你就会取得进步。(应用文写作之鼓励他人)Asaproverbgoes，“______________________________.”Workhard，andyouwillmakeprogress.competevi.竞争；对抗(competitiveadj.竞争的，竞争心强的；有竞争力的competitorn．竞争者，竞争对手；参赛者competitionn．竞争；竞赛，比赛)•competewith/againstsb和某人竞争competeforsth为……而竞争competeinsth在……中竞争•incompetitionwith与……竞争(1)Whistlegoingoff，the________________beganandall____________dashedinthetracklikearrows.(compete)(读后续写之场景描写)(2)生活是一段旅程，你必须不断地与他人竞争，超越自我。(读后续写之主旨升华)Lifeisajourney____________________________________togobeyondyourself.(3)尽管这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛中所展现出来的决心。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)____________________________________，whatreallymatteredwasnotthetitleofchampionshipbutthedeterminationthatparticipantsshowedduringtherace.pretendvt.&vi.假装；假扮pretendtobe假装是pretendtodo假装做某事pretendtobedoing假装正在做某事pretendtohavedone假装已经做过某事pretendthat...假装……(1)Thehostpretendedto________________(read)animportantpaperwhenthedirectorcamein.(2)Ipretended________________(finish)allmyhomeworkwhenaskedbymyparents.→______________________________________________whenaskedbymyparents.(pretendthat...)(3)在学习上，你不懂装懂是不明智的。Whenitcomestostudy，________________________________________________.giveup放弃；投降givein(to)(向……)屈服，投降giveout分发；用光；耗尽giveaway赠送；泄露giveoff散发(光和热等)givewayto给……让路givesbahand帮某人一个忙(1)用give短语的正确形式填空Withalltheirenergy____________，thecyclistsseemedto____________thebadsituation；however，whenhearingthecheersfromtheaudiencealongthestreet，nobodychoseto____________therace.Therefore，theyfinallyraisedenoughmoneyand____________it____________tothepoorchildreninremotemountainareas.(2)当我终于写完的时候，获胜的想法已经让位于写作的乐趣。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)WhenIfinallyfinishedit，thethoughtofwinning____________________________________.(3)我们无论面临什么样的挑战，都会坚持我们的梦想，永不气馁或放弃。(读后续写之主旨升华)Whateverchallengeswearefacedwith，____________________________________________.cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下cutacross穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)cutin插嘴cutoff中断；切掉；使隔绝cutup切碎cutdown砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等)用cut短语的正确形式填空(1)Tokeepphysicallyhealthy，theexpertsstronglysuggest____________alcoholinourdailylife.(2)Iusually____________theparkonmywayhomesothatIcanarrivehomeearlier.(3)Shekepton____________onourconversation，whichmadeusveryannoyed.(4)Thecaptain____________themeatinhisplateimpatientlytoshowhisanger.(5)Hiscompanywill____________itsproductionifthewatersupplyis____________.evenif引导的让步状语从句Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。evenif/though意为“尽管，即使”，引导让步状语从句。其引导的状语从句常用一般现在时表将来；当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词一般可以省略。(1)Disappointedatthecompetition，thehostwon’tattendtheevent，evenif___________(invite)．(2)尽管他陷入了困境，他仍然乐意帮助处于困境中的人。____________________________________，hestillwillinglyhelpedthoseintrouble.(3)当孩子们受到表扬时，他们会表现得积极，即使仅仅是一个点头微笑。Childrenwillactpositivelywhentheyarepraised，____________________________________.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．workouteq\x(A.锻炼身体B.解决C.计算出)(1)Withgreateffortsthesoldierworkedouttheproblem.________(2)Theareacanbeeasilyworkedoutifyouknowthelengthandthewidth.________(3)Towingloryforourclassinthesportsmeeting，Ihavebeenworkingoutinthepastthreemonths.________2．stressA．n.紧张，精神压力B．n.物理压力C．v.强调D．v.重读E．v.使疲惫不堪(1)Thewordswithimportantinformationarenormallystressed.________(2)Asanewdriver，drivinginsuchabusystreetreallystressesmeout.________(3)WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama？(2021·新课标Ⅱ)________(4)Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips.(2020·全国Ⅰ)________(5)Butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swell-beingbyimprovingtheirmood，reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(2023·全国乙)________3．trackA.n.轨道；铁轨B.n.跑道；径赛C.v.追踪；跟踪D.n.小路，小径E.n.动物或车辆留下的足迹，踪迹(1)Wesetoffoncemore，overaroughmountaintrack.________(2)Theonlyevidenceofpandaswastheirtracksinthesnow.________(3)Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain，andprogrammedtorunautonomously.(2022·全国乙)________(4)ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk，whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.(2020·全国Ⅰ)________(5)Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape，colorandtextureofgrass.(2021·新课标Ⅱ)________4．mastereq\x(A.v.精通；掌握B.v.控制C.n.能手，大师D.n.硕士E.n.主人；主宰者)(1)Howeverannoyedyouare，youmustlearntomasteryouremotion.________(2)Eachtimeitsmastergotbackhome，thedogwouldwagitstailexcitedly.________(3)Wang，whoisoftenindangeroussituations，isalsoajudo(柔道)master.(2021·新课标Ⅱ)________(4)Youarestudyinginagraduateprogramforamaster’sdegree.(2021·北京)________(5)ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered，andit’sashameIdon’thavemuchuseforit.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)________5．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)The2008OlympicGamesisthebiggestsportingeventeverheldinBeijing.__________(2)Evenifthearchitectworkedhard，hestillhadaslimchanceofwinningthecompetition.__________(3)Theathletehastestedpositivefordopingattheongoingsportingevent.__________(4)Giantpandasalsoserveasanumbrellaspecies，bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)__________Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Thesoldierfeltgreatlyhonoured____________(see)theemperorintheflesh.2．____________(determine)togettothedestination，theathleteshowedamazingwillpower.3．Thearchitectgot____________(injure)whenhikingtothecastlethroughanarrowpath.4．Whencheckingoutatthecounter，themanfoundhiscreditcardlost，sohehadtogive____________thepurchase.5．The____________(compete)wasextremelyfierceandatlastwewonthematchnarrowlyby74vs72.6．Itisrequestedthatweshouldcut____________theintakeoffatandsugartoregainfitness.7．Thistypeofexerciseisdesignedto____________(strength)thestomachmuscles.8．____________(fail)isrecognisedasthemotherofsuccess，soaslongaswedon’tloseheart，wewillsucceed.9．____________(compare)withthosewhoarealwayscomplaining，peoplewithapositiveattitudeusuallylivelonger.10．I________________________(try)tocontacttheofficialinchargeoftransportinthepastthreehours，butIhaven’tbeenabletogetthrough.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生的体育锻炼情况。请给他回信，内容包括：1．学校的体育场馆；2．主要的运动项目；3．最受欢迎的体育活动。完成句子1．得知你很想了解我们学校的体育锻炼情况，我很荣幸向你提供一些信息。(behonouredtodo)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．首先，一座新的体育场已经建成，它已经成为我们学校的新地标。(非限制性定语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．此外，随着体育场的建成，各种各样的体育赛事可以在此举行，其中乒乓球、足球和跑步比赛非常受欢迎。(with复合结构；介词＋which引导定语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．篮球似乎是最受欢迎的，因为它给了我们面对生活中的挑战的力量。(Itseemsthat...；strength)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．因此，即使我们忙于学习，也会抽出一些时间在新体育场打篮球。(evenif/though)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________教材语料整合亮词[运动描写]event；gym；workout；championship；trackandfield；marathon[体育精神描写]honour；sweat；makeit；master；setanexample；compete；determinationn．→determinev．→determinedadj.；fallapart；loseheart；giveup美句1.Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge，butLangPingdidnotloseheart.(情感描写)2.Asaplayer，LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.Asacoach，sheledtheChinawomen’svolleyballteamtomedalsatworldchampionshipsandtheOlympics.Asaperson，LangPingislovedbyfansathomeandabroad.(排比)3.Theplayerwhobecameknownas“AirJordan”changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.(人物描写)4.WhenMichaelJordan’sfeetlefttheground，timeseemedtostandstill.(夸张)5.Bybeingpositiveaboutmyselfandmybody，Ibecamebothhappierandhealthier.(情感描写)6.Ialmostwentbananas，too.(比喻)拓展语料积累动作细节描写：走、跑单词stride大步走；stroll散步；溜达；rush/dash冲；charge猛冲；march行军；skip蹦蹦跳跳地走；pace踱步；drag拖着脚走；slip溜；hop单脚跳；stumble跌跌撞撞走；flee逃跑；shamble蹒跚而行；tiptoe轻手轻脚地走词块elbow/forceone’swayto挤到……；slide/creepinto/out溜进/出……；wanderaround在……闲逛；headfor/toward前往……；paceupanddown来回踱步句型1.Afterdinner，Braceleftthehoteltowandertheparknearby.晚饭过后，布瑞斯离开酒店到附近的公园闲逛。2．Sheangrilydashedintotheoffice，demandinganimmediateapology.她气愤地直接冲进办公室，要求立刻向她道歉。3．Heforcedapassagethroughthecrowd.他从人群中挤过去。4．Tonyunlockedthebackdoorandcreptuptotheyard.托尼打开后门，蹑手蹑脚地来到后院。5．Tomsneakedintothebedroomandslidintobed.汤姆悄悄地溜进卧室并钻进被窝里。6．Hestartedpacingupanddown，hisheadbent，deepinthought.他开始踱来踱去，低着头，沉思着。7．Hestumbledforwardthroughthedarknessasifdrunk.他跌跌撞撞地在黑暗中走着，喝醉了似的。语料运用体育比赛①________________________________________________(形容词短语作状语)，Isignedupforthecityhalf-marathonthreeweeksbefore.Afterseveraldaysofhardtraining，finallycamethebigday.Atthebeginningofthecompetition，Iwasateaseandrelaxed，②____________________________________(比喻句)．However，thefollowingpartsbeganharderandharderforme.Whenitcomestothelastfivehundredmetres，mylegwasasheavyasice-blocks，③______________________________________________(比喻句)．Ialmostfellapartandcompletelylostheart.④____________________________________Iheardsomevoiceshoutingmynameandexcitedlycheeringupforme.IdeterminedthatIwouldn’tfailthem.I⑤__________________________________________________________witheverythingIhad.Thencamescreamsofexcitement—⑥____________，tearsofjoystreameddownmycheeks.FromthisexperienceIlearnedthatjustworkhardandeffortswillpayoffintheend.决心增强我的力量和意志力，三周前我报名参加了城市半程马拉松比赛。经过几天的艰苦训练，重要的一天终于到来了。比赛开始时，我很放松，像箭一样冲在人群前面。然而，接下来的部分对我来说越来越难了。当跑到最后五百米时，我的腿像冰块一样重，所以我不得不拖着腿，跌跌撞撞地向前走，好像喝醉了一样。我几乎崩溃了，完全失去了信心。我就要放弃的时候，突然听到有人喊着我的名字，激动地为我加油。我决定不能辜负他们。我集中了所有的力量，用尽全力冲向终点线。接着传来了兴奋的尖叫声。我成功了，喜悦的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。从这段经历中，我了解到只要努力，付出总会有回报。Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．tornadon．(pl.-oesor-os)龙卷风；旋风2．droughtn．旱灾；久旱3．landsliden．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡4．tsunamin．海啸5．volcaniceruption火山喷发6．magnituden．(地)震级；重大7．evacuatevt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离8．helicoptern．直升机9．crackn．裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂10．brickn．砖；砖块11．metaln．金属12．unifyvi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体13．volcanon．(pl.-oesor-os)火山14．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出15．typhoonn．台风16．hurricanen．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风17．whistlevi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨n．哨子(声)；呼啸声18．kitn．成套工具；成套设备19．firstaidkit急救箱Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．disastern．灾难；灾害2．slidevi.&vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动3．floodn．洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没4．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援5．damagevt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失6．destroyvt.摧毁；毁灭7．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动8．sheltern．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)9．gasn．气体；燃气；汽油10．ruinn．&vt.破坏；毁坏11．percentn．百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中12．trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱13．effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力14．contextn．上下文；语境；背景15．supplyn．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给16．tapvi.&vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲17．pipen．管子；管道18．emergencyn．突发事件；紧急情况19．calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静20．aidn．援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.(formal)帮助；援助21．crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞击n．撞车；碰撞22．sweepvt.&vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫23．waven．海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手24．strikevi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n．罢工；罢课；袭击Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．deathn．死；死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj.致命的→diev．死亡2．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockedadj.感到震惊的3．electricityn．电；电能→electricadj.电的；用电的→electronicadj.电子的4．buryvt.埋葬；安葬→burialn．埋葬；葬礼5．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn．呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的6．revivevt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revivaln．振兴；复苏7．wisdomn．智慧；才智→wiseadj.明智的→unwiseadj.不明智的8．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferingn．痛苦→sufferern．患者；受难者9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivaln．幸存；生存→survivorn．幸存者；生还者10．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerfuladj.强有力的；有影响力的→powerlessadj.无力的11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→deliveryn．投递；送交12．summaryn．总结；概括；概要→summaris(z)evt.&vi.总结；概括13．effectn．效果；结果；影响→effectiveadj.有效的14．lengthn．长；长度→longadj.长的→lengthenv．(使)变长1．breeze/briːz/n．微风；和风；轻而易举的事vt.轻盈而自信地走2．becomejadedwith对……感到厌倦3．endow/In'daʊ/vt.捐赠；资助4．array/ə'reI/n．大量；大群；阵列vt.布置；排列5．thread/θred/n．线；思路；线状物vt.&vi.穿(针)；穿过6．beam/biːm/n．光线；束；梁vi.&vt.照射；发光；发热7．weave/wiːv/vt.&vi.(wove/wəʊv/orweaved，woven/'wəʊvn/orweaved)编织；编纂；编造8．web/web/n．蛛网；网络，错综复杂的事物9．prey/preI/n．猎物；受害者vt.捕食；欺凌；敲诈10．deliberately/dI'lIbərətli/adv.故意；蓄意；从容不迫地→deliberate/dI'lIbərət/adj.故意的；蓄意的vi.&vt.深思熟虑Ⅳ.背核心短语1．asif似乎；好像；仿佛2．inruins严重受损；破败不堪3．inshock震惊；吃惊4．intheopenair露天；在户外5．onhand现有(尤指帮助)6．sweepaway消灭；彻底消除7．refusetodosth拒绝做某事8．asusual像往常一样9．cometoanend告终；结束10．thenumberof……的数量Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(too...to...)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。2．Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！(asif引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即将来临！3．Water，food，andelectricitywerehardtoget.(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo)没有水和食物，电也停了。4．Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(thosewho...)地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。5．Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday，killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和其他至少四个国家的6500多人死亡。6．Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.(bedoing...when...正在做……突然……)当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。Disasterssuchastornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcaniceruptions，typhoons，hurricanesandearthquakeshavecomeoneafteranother,1.____________(cause)greatdamagetomanycountries.Insummary，theearthquakehasthe2.____________(bad)effects.The1976Tangshanearthquakecausedmorethan240,0003.__________(die).90percentofhomeslayinruinsandpeoplesufferedalot.Food，waterandelectricitywerehardtoget.Everywhere4.____________shockedsurvivorssawdestroyedbricks，deepcracksinvillagewellsanduselessmetalsasiftheworldwereatanend.Rescueteamswhowereinshockdugoutthetrapped,5.____________(bury)thedead，andbuiltsheltersintheopenair.Withunifiedeffortsandwisdomofallpeople，thecityrevived6.____________(it)andbegantobreatheagain.Earthquakesundertheseacanalsocausetsunamis.Thetsunami7.____________struckAsiain2004crashedintocoastlines.Hugewavessweptawaymanypeople.Foreigncountriesaidedtheseareasbydeliveringfoodandsuppliesbyhelicopters.Thoughthesenaturaldisasterscannotbeavoided，wecantakesomeprotectivemeasures8.____________(lower)theirdamage.When9.____________(trap)inanemergencyweshouldkeepcalm，taponapipeorwhistleforhelp，stayawayfrompowerlinesandsurviveonwhatyouhaveonhand.Lastbutnotleast，alwayskeepfirstaidkitsathome10.____________case.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇shockn．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事vt.(使)震惊(shockedadj.感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的)•inshock吃惊，震惊toone’sshock令某人震惊的是•beshockedatsth/that...对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth因做某事而感到震惊(1)Allofuswere____________atthe____________newsthatmanydeathshadbeencausedbytheflood.(shock)(2)汤姆在马拉松比赛中赢得了冠军，这对我们大家来说非常震惊。Tomwonthechampionshipinthemarathon，___________________________________.(3)听到家乡被飓风摧毁的消息，她吓得脸色苍白。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)She__________________________________thatherhometownwasdestroyedbythehurricane.trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．陷阱；险境•betrappedin被困在……trapsbintodoingsth诱使某人做某事•fallinto/getoutofatrap落入/摆脱圈套lay/setatrap(for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套(1)Peoplewithweakcontrolpowerarelikelytobetrapped____________buyinguselessgoodsbythewebcast.(2)____________(trap)intheruinsfortwodays，thegirlconstantlyheldapositiveattitude，firmlybelievingthatsomeonewouldcometoherrescue.(3)这位可怜的幸存者设下了一个简单的陷阱，试图抓住一只兔子来充饥，但却是白费力气。________________________________，attemptingtocatcharabbittosatisfyhishunger，butinvain.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏(burialn．埋葬；葬礼)burysthin把某物埋在……buryoneselfin＝beburiedin埋头于，专心于buryone’sfaceinone’shands双手掩面(1)自毕业以来，她一直埋头于文物保护和修复工作，在这一领域做出了巨大贡献。(话题写作之人物介绍)Eversincegraduation，she____________________________________relicprotectionandrestorationwork，makinggreatcontributionsinthisfield.(2)Hearingthebadnews，sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandburstintotears.(读后续写之动作描写)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，__________________________.(现在分词作状语)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，____________________________.(with复合结构)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，____________________________.(独立主格结构)suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(sufferingn．受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难sufferern．受难者；患者)•sufferfrom患……病；受……苦•suffer作及物动词时，意思同experience(体验；经历)，其后可跟pain，defeat，hardship等词作宾语；sufferfrom中的from表示原因，意为“因……而受苦”。(1)得知我的搭档得了重病，我非常焦虑，所以我冲向了医院。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)Knowingthatmypartnerwas____________________________________，Iwasburningwithanxiety，soIdartedtowardsthehospital.(2)我的老师感叹道：“在写作的过程中，你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些痛苦使你的意志更加坚强。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Myteacherexclaimed，“Intheprocessofwriting，you__________________________.Itis____________________________________makeyoumorestrong-willed.”survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivorn．幸存者survivaln．幸存；生还)surviveon靠……存活下来survivesth幸免于；从……中活下来AsurvivesB(by＋时间)A比B活得长(……)(1)The__________owedhis__________toaTVprogram，whichtaughtwhattosurvive__________whentrappedinthewild.(survive)(2)Althoughtheoldladysufferedfromaseriousillness，shestillsurvivedherhusband____________5years.(3)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)Lifeisn’tabout________________________；it’saboutlearningtodanceintherain.strikevt.&vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起n．罢工；罢课；袭击•bestruckwith/by被……所打动/袭击Itstrikessbthat...某人觉得……；某人突然想起……sthstrikessb某人想到……•onstrike罢工•表示“突然想到”的词汇还有hit，occurto等。(1)Theworkersarecomingout____________strikeforhigherwages，whichisashocktothegovernment.(2)我的朋友们都被一只小鸟和它的救命恩人之间的深厚联系深深打动了。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)Myfriends____________________________________theprofoundbondbetweenalittlebirdandhersaver.(3)我突然想到一个好主意，我们可以在即将到来的教师节送给老师一份手工制作的礼物。________________________thatwecouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.→________________________wecouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.(用it作形式主语改写)asif引导的虚拟语气Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！仿佛世界末日即将来临！•asif/though引导表语从句时常放在look，seem等系动词之后。•asif/though可以引导状语从句，表方式，如果从句所描述的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气；如果从句所描述的情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气：与现在事实相反，用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，用would/could/might＋动词原形。(1)Listen，thewhistleofanambulance！Itseemsasifthere____________(be)anemergency.(2)Whenapencilispartlyputintowater，itlooksasifit____________(be)broken.(3)Atthebadnews，Maryfrozewithshock，asif____________(root)totheground.(4)我一走进房子，它就发出了高兴的喵喵声，好像是在告诉我它以前住在这里。ThemomentIsteppedintothehouse，itletoutamewofdelight________________________itpreviouslylivedhere.(拟人表达)用法点拨当asif/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。

bedoing...when...Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhen