湖南省雅礼中学2023-2024学年高三上学期月考（一）英语试题

大联考雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷（一）英语本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时、先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whendidthematchactuallystart?A.At6:45pm.B.At7:15pm.C.At7:30pm2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heprefersstudytoapicnic.B.Hedislikesautumn.C.Heisratherbusy.3.Wheredoes,theconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inashoppingmall.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inthestreet.4.Whatdothespeakersthinkoftheperformance?A.Moving.B.Disappointing.C.Interesting.5.Whichshoesarethemostexpensive?A.Theredones.B.Thewhiteones.C.Theblueones.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话威独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段长对话，回答小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Rentavehicle.B.Collectavehicle.C.Purchaseavehicle.7.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Bringanagreement.B.Sendaconfirmationnumber.C.Searchthedatabase.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。8.Whathappenedlastnight?A.Theairconditionerbrokedown.BTheelectricitywascutoffduetothestrongwind.C.Theelectricfansbrokedown.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Buysomeice.B.Repairtheairconditioner.C.Repairtheelectricitysystem.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。10.Whatisthemanspeaker?A.Aphysician.B.Anoperator.C.Anurse.11.What'swrongwiththewoman'sbrother?A.Hehurthisleg.B.Hewasoutofbreath.C.Helostconsciousness.12.Whatinformationisneeded?A.Thewoman'sbrother'sname.B.Thewoman'slocation.C.Thewoman'sphonenumber.13.Whatisthemanspeaker'ssuggestion?A.Keepingcool.B.Sendingforadoctor.C.Movingtoasafeplace.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。14.WhydoesCherrycallRyan?A.Becauseshemisseshim.B.Becausesheneedsvolunteerstohelpout.C.BecauseshewantstointroduceLindatohim.15.WhenwillRyanprobablyhavetimetohelpout?A.Sunday.B.Fridayafternoon.C.BothmorningsofFridayandSaturday.16.WhatdoesRyanhavetodobeforeleaving?A.HehastogetintouchwithLinda.B.Hehastogetthebookordersout.C.Hehastogiveguidedtourstothenewstudents.听下面一段独白，回答小题。17.Whatwilltherailwaypanydowiththecarpark?A.Changeitforamultistoryone.B.Enlargetheparkingarea.C.ConnectittotheHighstreet.18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthelibrary?A.Itwillmovetoadifferentsite.B.Itwillcloseforaboutsixweeks.C.Itwillextendtheopeninghours.19.Whatchangewillbemadetothenaturereserve?A.Thecouncilwillofferthefundtoit.B.Therewillbeachargeforaccesstoit.C.Anationalorganizationwillmanageit.20.What'sthespeakerdoing?A.Announcingsomeplans.B.Givingalecture.C.Introducingatown.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouwanttounderstandChinabutcan’taffordanexpensiveinternationalflight,thesefourbookscangiveyouapleteoverviewofthecountry.RiverTownRiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHesslerThisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.Thebookwaspublishedin2001andhaswonseveralawards,includingtheKiriyamaPrize.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaItisabookthattellsthestoryofChina’smodernization.ItwaswrittenbyEzraVogelandpublishedin2011.TheauthordescribeshowDengXiaoping’spoliciesledtosignificantchangesinChina’seconomyandsociety.ThebookhasreceivedcriticalhonorsandwontheLionelGelberPrizeIn2012.TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpenceThisbookisaprehensivehistoryofChinafromtheMingdynastytothepresentday.Theauthor,aprominentscholarofChinesehistory,providesadetailedanalysisofthesocial,cultural,andpoliticalchangesthathavetakenplaceinChinaoverthepast500years.Thebookwasfirstputoutin1990andhassincebeenrevisedandupdatedseveraltimes.Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChinaWrittenbyLeslieT.Chang,thisbook,publishedin2008,isreportageonthelivesofyoungwomenwholeavetheirruralhomestoworkinfactoriesinChina’scities.Chang,aformerNewYorkTimescorrespondent(someonewhoisemployedbyanewspaperoratelevisionstationetc.toreportnewsfromaparticularareaoronaparticularsubject),interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.1.WhatkindofbookisRiverTown?A.Sciencefiction. B.Nonfiction.C.AtravelguideofFuling. D.Areferencebook.2.WhatisTRUEaboutTheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence?A.Itwaspublished500yearsago. B.Itwaswrittenbyahistoryteacher.C.Itwasverypopular. D.Ithasremainedthesamesinceitsfirstpublication.3.Whichbookiswrittenbyareporter?A.RiverTown.B.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChina.C.TheSearchforModernChina.D.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四本中国主题的文学作品。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“RiverTown”部分的“Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.(这本书是作者在长江岸边一个叫涪陵的小镇教英语两年的日记。)”可知，RiverTown是作者的生活日志，属于nonfjction系列。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence”部分的“Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.(这本书多年来一直是最畅销书。)”可知，这本书销量高，很受欢迎。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina”部分的“Chang,aformerNewYorkTimescorrespondent(someonewhoisemployedbyanewspaperoratelevisionstationetc.toreportnewsfromaparticularareaoronaparticularsubject)(前《纽约时报》记者（受雇于报纸或电视台等报道特定地区或特定主题新闻的人）)”可知，FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina这本书的作者是一名记者。故选D。BFouryearsago,RomeLeykinwasonhiswaytoworkwhenheaccidentallyfellontothetracksofBrooklyn'sLtrainasasubwaywasapproaching.Theincidentresultedinthelossofbothofhislegs.Butsurprisingly,withthelossofhislegs,Leykingainedanewpassionforracing.Beforehisaccident,hewasn'treallythatathletic.Hewouldjustoccasionallyplaybasketball.Butthatallchangedafterhewasintroducedtohandcycling.“WhenIsawit,Iwaslike,‘Oh,thisisgreat.Youdon'tevenneedlegstouseit.Thisisperfect.’”hesaid.“So,Igotonit,Irodeandfellinlovewithitrightaway.”Withinafewmonths,hepletedtheTDFiveBoroBikeTour.a40mileridethroughNewYorkCity.Afterthat,hedidhisfirstmarathonin2021.Hefishedthatracein2hoursand11minutes,placing12thoutof38.“I'mgoingtoattendthisyear'smarathonandtakeonchallenges.Myhandsareonthewheel,myeyesarefocused,andIthinkmytimeisgoingtospeakforitself.”hesaid.He'smadeasignificantmitmenttotraining.Hehandcyclesatleast13.1milesacoupletimesaweekandspendsalotoftimeinthegym.Andheplanstokeeppursuinghisathletegoals.HewantstopletetheAbbottSixtheworld'ssixlargestmarathons.Oneday,hesaid,he'llmaybeevenmaketheParalympics.Forthosewhomightbefollowinghisjourney,hehopestheywilltakesomelessonsfromhisstory.“Therewillbeupsanddownsbutthetrendiswhat'simportant.Focusonthegood,”hesaid.“Andalso,takeyourbigproblemsandsplitthemintosmallsolutions.Andthenallofasudden,yourbigproblemsturnintomanysmallwins.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutRomeLeykinfromparagraph2?A.Heoncewasanexcellentbasketballplayer.B.Heconsideredhandcyclingdifficultinthebeginning.C.Hemadehandcyclingmorepopularamongthedisabled.D.Heshowedaninterestinhandcyclingthemomenthesawit.5.HowdidRomeLeykinfeelabouttheingmarathon?A.Worried. B.Curious. C.Confident. D.Nervous.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRomeLeykin?A.Easygoingandreliable. B.Kindheartedandhelpful.C.Openmindedandcreative. D.Strongwilledandambitious.7.WhatmessagedoesRomeLeykinconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Sticktoyourdreams. B.Breakdownyourgoals.C.Focusonyourstrengths. D.Achievesuccessatallcosts.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罗姆·雷金（RomeLeykin）在一次意外事故中失去双腿后，通过手动脚踏车运动重新找到了对运动的热情，并开始参加手动自行车比赛和马拉松比赛。他坚定地训练自己，希望能够完成世界六大马拉松赛事，甚至进入残奥会。他希望人们从他的故事中学到：面对问题要专注于积极的一面，将大问题拆分为小的解决方案，从小胜利中获得成长。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中““WhenIsawit,Iwaslike,‘Oh,thisisgreat.Youdon'tevenneedlegstouseit.Thisisperfect.’”hesaid.“So,Igotonit,Irodeandfellinlovewithitrightaway.”(“当我看到它的时候，我就想，‘哦，这太棒了。你甚至不需要腿就能使用它。这是完美的。’”他说。“所以，我骑上了它，马上就爱上了它。”)”可知，他一看到手动自行车就表现出了兴趣。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“He'smadeasignificantmitmenttotraining.Hehandcyclesatleast13.1milesacoupletimesaweekandspendsalotoftimeinthegym.(他对训练作出了重大承诺。他每周骑几次自行车至少英里，并花很多时间在健身房。)”可知，他对即将到来的比赛，做了大量的准备和训练，因此是信心满满的。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Withinafewmonths,hepletedtheTDFiveBoroBikeTour.a40mileridethroughNewYorkCity.Afterthat,hedidhisfirstmarathonin2021.Hefishedthatracein2hoursand11minutes,placing12thoutof38.(在几个月内，他完成了TD五Boro自行车之旅。在纽约市骑行40英里之后，他在2021年参加了自己的第一次马拉松比赛。他以2小时11分钟的成绩完成了比赛，在38名选手中排名第12。)”以及倒数第二段中“HewantstopletetheAbbottSixtheworld'ssixlargestmarathons.Oneday,hesaid,he'llmaybeevenmaketheParalympics.(他想完成雅培六场马拉松赛——世界上最大的六场马拉松赛。他说，有一天，他甚至可能参加残奥会。)”可知，RomeLeykin不仅身残志坚，而且还积极准备参加更多的比赛。由此体现出他是意志坚强和有着远大抱负的人。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Andalso,takeyourbigproblemsandsplitthemintosmallsolutions.Andthenallofasudden,yourbigproblemsturnintomanysmallwins.(同时，把你的大问题分解成小的解决方案。然后突然之间，你的大问题变成了许多小胜利。)”可知，RomeLeykin认为在实现目标过程中，面对问题要专注于积极的一面，将大问题拆分为小的解决方案，从小胜利中获得成长。B选项“Breakdownyourgoals.(拆分你的目标)”符合文章信息。故选B。CAroundtheSaharaDesert,daytimetemperaturescanreach140degreesFahrenheit(60degreesCentigrade).Notmanyorganismscansurviveinthissevereenvironment.ButaninsectcalledtheSaharansilverantthrives.Theyquicklyrunontothesandfromtheirprotectedneststogatherupthebodiesoflessfortunateinsectsthathavediedfromtheheat.“Thehottertheday,themoreinsectbodiestheywillfindandthemorefoodtheyhave.”saysSarahPfeffer,ananimalbehavioristatUlmUniversityinGermany.ShesaysthattoavoidsinkingintotheSaharansand,wheretheycouldmeetthesamefateastheirlunch,silverantshavetobefast.Todocumentjusthowquicklytheantsmove,Pfefferandhercolleaguessetuphighspeedcamerasaboveachannelbetweentheentrancetothehungryants'nestandafoodsource.Theresearchersrecordedtopspeedsapproaching35inchespersecond.“Butifyoureallyknowhowbigtheanimalsare,andyoucalculatethebodylengthpersecond,youeupwithawalkingspeedthatisanastonishing108bodylengthspersecond.”Thatfiguremakesthemthefastestknownantontheplanet.Thevideosrevealedhowtheantsachievesuchgreatspeeds.Astheyaccelerate.theirlegmovementsbeesynchronized(同步的).Theyincreasetheirsteplengthbybringingallsixfeetoffthesandatonce.“Really,alllegsareliftedfromtheground.Theyareinair,butit'snotjumping.It'saverysmoothrunthattheyhave”saysPfeffer.Pfeffersaysthey'refasterthanacloselyrelatedantspeciescalledCataglyphisfortis,whichhaslongerlegsbutalessimpressiveairbornephase(腾空阶段).Thatantonlyreachesabout24inchespersecond,ortwothirdsofthesilverant'smaximum.TheSaharansilverants'rapidspeedsmaybeimpressive,buttwoinsectsareevenLaster:theCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle,bothofwhichalsothriveatlifethreateningtemperatures.Seemsthattobeattheheat,itpaystobefleet.8.Theunderlinedword"thrives"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.A.beesextinct B.movesaway C.getsweaker D.livessuccessfully9.WhatcanwelearnaboutSaharansilverantsfromthepassage?A.Theysometimesdiefromtheheat.B.Theyarethefastestknownanimalsontheplanet.C.Theirlegmovementsbeesynchronizedwhentheyspeedup.D.TheymovefasterthantheCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle.10.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexplainbywingtheexampleoftheCauliformCrestamile?A.It'simportanttobefastinanextremecondition.B.Notmanyorganismscansurviveinasevereenvironment.C.TheanimalhasalessimpressivespeedthantheSaharansilverant.D.SaharansilverantsgatherupthebodiesoftheCaliforniacoastalmites.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnimalsSurviveinExtremeHot B.TheFastestKnownBeetleonthePlanetCFleetAntBeatsSaharanHeat D.AntsIncreaseStepLengthbyJumping【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了撒哈拉银蚁这种昆虫能够在极端环境下生存并且以惊人的速度奔跑。这种银蚁的奔跑速度是已知蚂蚁中最快的，比其他亲属种类的蚂蚁速度更快。此外，文章还提到了另外两种昆虫也能在高温环境下生存并且速度更快。因此文章指出对于这些生命体来说，快速移动似乎是在抵抗高温的一种策略。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“

Notmanyorganismscansurviveinthissevereenvironment.(没有多少生物能在这种恶劣的环境中生存。)”可知，此处指出没有多少生物活下来，其与but后的句子构成转折，故此处指出这种被称作撒哈拉银蚁这种昆虫却能够在恶劣的环境中生存下来。故划线词与D选项“livessuccessfully(成功地生存)”为同义词。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Astheyaccelerate.theirlegmovementsbeesynchronized(同步的).

(当它们加速时。他们的腿部运动变得同步。)”可知，当他们加速时，他们的腿部运动变得同步。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“

theCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle,bothofwhichalsothriveatlifethreateningtemperatures.Seemsthattobeattheheat,itpaystobefleet.(加利福尼亚海岸螨和澳大利亚虎甲虫在极度炎热的温度下都能生存繁衍。似乎要抵御酷热，速度是最佳选择。)”可知，通过列举加利福尼亚海岸螨和澳大利亚虎甲虫在极度炎热的温度下都能生存繁衍是因为它们的速度很快，故通过这两个例子是为了说明，在极端条件下保持速度是很重要的。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文这篇文章介绍了撒哈拉银蚁这种昆虫能够在极端环境下生存并且以惊人的速度奔跑。研究人员使用高速摄像机记录了银蚁奔跑时的画面，发现它们的腿部动作非常协调，并且能够一次将六只脚都离开沙地。这种银蚁的奔跑速度是已知蚂蚁中最快的，比其他亲属种类的蚂蚁速度更快。此外，文章还提到了列举加利福尼亚海岸螨和澳大利亚虎甲虫这两种昆虫也能在高温环境下生存并且速度更快。对于这些生命体来说，快速移动似乎是在抵抗高温的一种策略。C选项“FleetAntBeatsSaharanHeat(速度奔跑的蚂蚁对抗撒哈拉沙漠的高温)”概括文章的主要内容，符合标题。故选C。DResearchersattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst(UMassAmherst)recentlyannouncedthattheyhavefiguredouthowtoengineerabiofilm(生物膜)thatharveststheenergyinevaporation(蒸发)andchangesittoelectricity.Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNaturemunications,hasthepotentialtorevolutionizetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensorstopersonalelectronics.“Thisisaveryexcitingtechnology,”saysLiuXiaomeng,graduatestudentinelectricalandputerengineeringinUMassAmherst’sCollegeofEngineeringandthepaper’sleadauthor.“Itgeneratesrealgreenenergy,andunlikeothersocalled‘greenenergy’sources,itsproductionistotallygreen.”That’sbecausethisbiofilmwhichisasheetofbacterialcellsandasthinasasheetofpaperisproducednaturallybyan,engineeredversionofthebacteriumGeobactersulfurreducens(硫还原地杆菌).G.sulfurreducensisknowntoproduceelectricityandhasbeenusedpreviouslyin“microbialbatteries”topowerelectricalequipment.ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatG.sulfurreducensbeproperlycaredforandfedaconstantdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasaparablysizedbattery,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseit’sdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.Thesecretbehindthisnewbiofilmisthatitmakesenergyfromthemoisture(水分)onyourskin.Thoughwedailyreadstoriesaboutsolarpower,atleast50%ofthesolarenergyreachingtheearthgoestowardevaporatingwater.“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy,”saysYaoJun,professorofelectricalandputerengineeringatUMassAmherst,andthepaper’soneseniorauthor.Sincethesurfaceofourskinisconstantlymoistwithsweat,thebiofilmcan“pluginto”itandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.12.Whatfunctionisthebiofilmexpectedtoachieve?A.Updatingwearableelectronics. B.Acquiringpowerfromevaporation.C.Changingthewayofgettingelectricity. D.Supplyingenergyto“microbialbatteries”.13.Whatistheadvantageofthebiofilmparedwith“microbialbatteries”?A.It’sthinnerinthickness. B.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itreducesthecostinusage. D.Itemploysarareenergysource.14.Howdoesthebiofilmpowersmalldevices?A.Byinteractingwithsolarpower. B.Bygainingenergyfromelectronicsystems.C.Byusingwatertogenerateelectricity. D.Byproducingcontinuouselectricityfromsweat.15.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebiofilm?A.Flexible. B.Controversial. C.Promising. D.Delicate.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校的研究人员已经知道如何设计制造出一种能收集蒸发过程中的能量，并将其转化为电能的生物膜。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ResearchersattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst(UMassAmherst)recentlyannouncedthattheyhavefiguredouthowtoengineerabiofilm(生物膜)thatharveststheenergyinevaporation(蒸发)andchangesittoelectricity.(马萨诸塞大学阿姆赫斯特分校的研究人员最近宣布，他们已经发现了如何设计一种生物膜，这种生物膜可以在蒸发中收集能量并将其转化为电能)”可知，研究人员已经知道如何设计制造出一种能收集蒸发过程中的能量，并将它转化为电能的生物膜了。即这种生物膜的预期功能是从蒸发过程中获取能量。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatG.sulfurreducensbeproperlycaredforandfedaconstantdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasaparablysizedbattery,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseit’sdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.(但是这样的电池需要硫还原地杆菌得到适当的照顾和持续的饮食。相比之下，这种新的生物膜可以提供与同等大小的电池一样多的能量，并且可以连续工作，因为它是死的。因为它已经死了，所以不需要喂食)”可知，使用硫还原地杆菌的微生物电池需要使用者照顾硫还原地杆菌，并给它提供食物，而生物膜并没有这些要求，由此可以推断出生物膜降低了使用过程中的花费，故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Sincethesurfaceofourskinisconstantlymoistwithsweat,thebiofilmcan“pluginto”itandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.(由于我们的皮肤表面经常被汗水湿润，生物膜可以“插入”它，并将蒸发锁定的能量转化为足够的能量，为小型设备提供动力。姚说:“我们的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，为更智能的可穿戴电子设备供电。”刘指出，目标之一是为整个电子系统供电，而不是单个设备)”可知，生物膜通过从汗液中产生持续的电力为小型设备供电。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNaturemunications,hasthepotentialtorevolutionizetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensorstopersonalelectronics.(这种生物膜在《自然通讯》杂志上发表，它有可能彻底改变可穿戴电子产品的世界，为从个人医疗传感器到个人电子产品的一切提供动力)”和最后一段中的““Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.(姚说：“我们的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，为更智能的可穿戴电子设备供电。”刘指出，目标之一是为整个电子系统供电，而不是单个设备)”可推知，这种生物膜有非常广阔的应用前景。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。YouAreaBetterPersonThanYouThinkYouAreMaybeyouhaven’tachievedgoalsinaselfappointedtimeframe.____16____Butthisdoesn’tmeanyouareabadpersonorafailure.Youcouldindeedbeawonderfulindividual.Youcouldactuallybeamuchbetterpersonthanyoubelieveyouare.So,let’sexaminetheideathatyoumightbebetterthanyouthink.YoushowkindnessBeingpoliteandkindisthemarkofagoodperson.Whenyoudothis,youaretreatingotherslikeyouwouldwanttobetreated.____17____Eventhesmallestofthingsdonotgounnoticedandaretraitsthatyouhaveagoodheart.YouareapositivepersonKeepinganoptimisticattitudeisalsoatraitofagoodpersonwithapowerfulcharacter.Itiseasytobeenegativewithallthebadthingsgoingonintheworld,butthere’sanotherwaytolookatthesethings.Whenyou’reactuallybetterthanyouthink,youwillhavethehabitoflookingonthebrightsideofeverysituationandseeingthebestineveryone.____18________19____Beingwiseisnotaboutbeingintelligent.It’saboutlearningfromlifeexperiences.Whydoesthismakeyouabetterpersonthanyouthink?Wisdomcanbepassedtootherstohelpthemavoidthesamemistakesyoumade.Youareagoodpersonifyou’vecollectedwisdomandlovetosharelessonswithothers.So,goeasyonyourself.Appreciatewhoyouare.Iftherearethingsyouneedtochange,that’sokay.____20____It’saboutourattitudeandourheart.Ibet,ifyoutookthetimetoreadthis,youareabetterpersonthanyouthink.A.Yougivehonestments.B.It’sjustallaboutshowingoptimism.C.Weallhaveproblemsandimperfections.D.Youarewise,andyoushareyourwisdom.E.Maybeyouhavemademanymistakesaswell.F.Respectingothersandtheirspaceshowsadulthood,whichisasignofatrulygoodperson.G.Thismayincludeopeningdoorsforothersorpickingupchangeforpeopleinfrontofyouatthecheckoutline.【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.D20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。你其实可以成为一个比你认为的更好的人。文章介绍了一些想法让你比想象的更好。【16题详解】根据上文提示“Maybeyouhaven’tachievedgoalsinaselfappointedtimeframe.（也许你没有在自己设定的时间框架内实现目标。）”，再根据下文提示“Butthisdoesn’tmeanyouareabadpersonorafailure.（但这并不意味着你是一个坏人或失败者。）”可知，每个人都有不完美的一面，都会犯错。承接上下文，E项“Maybeyouhavemademanymistakesaswell.”（也许你也犯了很多错误。）切题。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文提示“Beingpoliteandkindisthemarkofagoodperson.Whenyoudothis,youaretreatingotherslikeyouwouldwanttobetreated.（礼貌和善良是一个好人的标志。当你这样做的时候，你是在以你希望被对待的方式对待别人。）”再根据下文提示“Eventhesmallestofthingsdonotgounnoticedandaretraitsthatyouhaveagoodheart.（即使是最小的事情也不会被忽视，这是你有一颗善良的心的特征。）”可知，小事也能展示你的礼貌和善良。承接上下文，G项“Thismayincludeopeningdoorsforothersorpickingupchangeforpeopleinfrontofyouatthecheckoutline.”（这可能包括为别人开门，或者在结账时为排在你前面的人拿零钱。）切题。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文提示“Whenyou’reactuallybetterthanyouthink,youwillhavethehabitoflookingonthebrightsideofeverysituationandseeingthebestineveryone.（当你真比自己想象的更好时，你就会养成习惯，看到每件事光明的一面，看到每个人最好的一面。）”可知，我们要有乐观精神。承接上文，B项“It’sjustallaboutshowingoptimism.”（这一切都是为了表现出乐观。）切题。故选B。【19题详解】该空是小标题。根据下文提示“Beingwiseisnotaboutbeingintelligent.It’saboutlearningfromlifeexperiences.Whydoesthismakeyouabetterpersonthanyouthink?Wisdomcanbepassedtootherstohelpthemavoidthesamemistakesyoumade.Youareagoodpersonifyou’vecollectedwisdomandlovetosharelessonswithothers.（聪明并不意味着聪明。它是关于从生活经验中学习。为什么这会让你成为一个比你想象的更好的人?智慧可以传递给他人，帮助他们避免你犯过的同样的错误。如果你收集智慧并喜欢与他人分享经验教训，你就是一个好人。）”可知，该段讲述的是要与人分享智慧。由此可知，D项“Youarewise,andyoushareyourwisdom.”（你很聪明，你分享你的智慧。）切题。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文提示“Appreciatewhoyouare.Iftherearethingsyouneedtochange,that’sokay.（欣赏你自己。如果你有需要改变的地方，没关系。）”可知，你也会犯错误，也不完美。承接上文，C项“Weallhaveproblemsandimperfections.”（我们都有问题和不完美之处。）切题。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Imanageafinancialdepartment.Irecentlypromisedmyteamthatiftheyexceeded(超过)theirgoal,thepanywould____21____themtoaverygoodItalianrestaurantthatwealllove.Theyexceededthegoalbyalot,soImadea____22____forthesixteenofus.Thedayofourouting,wewereseated.Rightawayandinawhilethewaitresstookour_____23_____Then,thewaitresstoldusthatshewassorry,becausethepersonwhowassupposedtobehelpingherdidn't____24____.Soshehadto____25____ourparty,andothercustomersonherown.Shelookedvisibly____26____whenItoldherthatIwouldpayforeverythingononecheckinsteadofseparatechecks.Ourorderingwasalittlechaotic(混乱的).Wewerebusyhavingfunandconversation,sononeofus____27____that.Thefoodwasdeliciousandweenjoyeditverymuch.Itcametimeforthe____28____and,aswasexplainedtomewhenImadethereservation,therestaurant____29____an18%tiptothebill.ThebillcametoaboutUS$650beforethetipandIgavehermycreditcard.Shereturnedwithmyreceiptandthankedusand_____30_____thattheirservicewasalittleslow.Wetoldhereverythingwasperfectandthankedherforworkingsohard.Shehadbeensonicetousand_____31_____,thatIleftanadditionalUS$50cashtipinthereceiptfolder.Allofasuddenthewaitresscameoutoftherestaurantandgrabbedmyarm.IwasthinkingifIforgottosignthe_____32_____orsomethingwhenInoticedshehad_____33_____inhereyes.Shethankedmeforthetipandsaidshereallydidn't_____34_____it.Shehadhada_____35_____timelatelyandthetipreallywarmedherheart.21.A.deliver B.treat C.send D.lead22.A.promise B.reservation C.difference D.remark23.A.order B.invitation C.shelf D.menu24.A.setoff B.calmdown C.showup D.ringback25.A.observe B.attend C.handle D.postpone26.A.embarrassed B.shockod C.frightened D.relieved27.A.minded B.heard C.missed D.noticed28.A.wealth B.welfare C.payment D.wage29.A.reduced B.passed C.returned D.added30.A.apologized B.announced C.informed D.indicated31.A.generous B.patient C.honest D.intelligent32.A.form B.substitute C.procedure D.receipt33.A.smiles B.disappointment C.tears D.hope34.A.understand B.deserve C.want D.expect35.A.tough B.warm C.wonderful D.precious【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.C26.D27.A28.C29.D30.A31.B32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和同事去餐馆用餐，服务员因没有其他人帮忙一个人完成了所有的工作，作者提出一次性付钱并额外给了她小费让她很感激。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最近向我的团队承诺，如果他们超过了目标，公司将邀请他们去一家我们都喜欢的非常好的意大利餐厅。A.deliver分发，派送；B.treat款待；C.send寄送；D.lead引导。根据上文“iftheyexceeded(超过)theirgoal”如果他们超过了目标，以及下文“averygoodItalianrestaurantthatwealllove.”一家我们都喜欢的非常好的意大利餐厅，可推知，此处应表示作者款待，邀请他们去餐厅吃饭。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们远远超过了目标，所以我为我们16个人预定了一个房间。A.promise承诺；B.reservation预定；C.difference区别；D.remark言论。根据下文“whenImadethereservation,”提到预定，可知，此处应表示作者进行了提前预定。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马上，过了一会儿，服务员为我们点了餐。A.order点菜；B.invitation邀请；C.shelf架子；D.menu菜单。根据上文“Rightawayandinawhile”以及下文服务员做的事情可推知，此处应表示服务员为我们点了餐。takeone’sorder“为某人点餐”。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，服务员告诉我们她很抱歉，因为应该帮助她的人没有出现。A.setoff出发；B.calmdown镇静；C.showup出现；D.ringback回。根据上文“thewaitresstoldusthatshewassorry”服务员告诉我们她很抱歉，可推知，此处应表示本应该帮助她的人没有出现。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她不得不独自处理我们的聚会和其他顾客。A.observe观察；B.attend出席；C.handle应付；D.postpone延迟。根据上文内容以及下文“andothercustomersonherown.”可知，此处指的是本应该帮助她的人没有出现，所以只能独自应付我们这些客户。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉她我将用一张支票支付所有的费用，而不是分开支付时，她显然松了一口气。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.shocked震惊的；C.frightened害怕的；D.reliev