专题02（讲案）必修一Unit2SportsandGames词汇语法写作过关教师版

2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（北师大版2019）专题02必修一Unit2SportsandGames词汇语法写作过关（讲案）教师版讲案目录一、重点词汇过关P21.preferP22.desireP23.crowdP34.remindP35.prohibitP46.occupyP47.relieveP58.particularP59.benefitP610.capableP611.preventP712.detailP713.satisfactionP814.amazedP915.responseP916.trackP1017.netP1018.tipP10二、重点语法过关（定语从句十大考点和不定代词）P13三、同步写作过关（如何写叙事类记叙文）P20一、重点词汇过关1．prefervt.更喜欢(1)prefertodo/doingsth更喜欢做某事prefersbtodosth宁愿某人做某事prefer(doing)sthto(doing)sth＝prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿(做)某事……也不愿(做)某事(2)preferencen.偏爱；爱好haveapreferencefor喜好……，偏爱……【佳句】WhilesomepreferinheritingtraditionalChineseculture,othersaretransformingittobemoreaccessibletotheyounggeneration.虽然一些人更喜欢继承中国传统文化，但其他人正在改造它，使之更容易为年轻一代所接受。(应用文写作之传统文化)【点津】prefer既不用于进行时态，也不用于比较级。其过去式和过去分词形式均为：preferred。练透——单句语法填空①Theelderlypeoplehavetheirownlifetomanage,andprefertospend/spending(spend)theirtimesquaredancingandtravelingabroadoraroundthecountry.②Ingeneral,theoldpreferclassicalmusicandPekingoperatopopmusic.③NowadaysmanychildrenprefersurfingtheInternetathometotaking(take)exerciseoutdoors.④(2021·天津卷)Kidswithpreference(prefer)fortheartshaveagreaterchanceoffindingemploymentinthefuture.写美——一句多译我宁愿租一套这样的房子也不愿意买一个。⑤Ipreferrentingsuchanapartmenttobuyingone.⑥Iprefertorentsuchanapartmentratherthanbuyone.【中国元素】ThereportshowstravelersareshowinganincreasingpreferenceforRedtourism.该报告显示，游客越来越偏好红色旅游。2．desiren．渴望(1)haveadesiretodosth渴望做某事haveadesireforsth渴望得到某物(2)desirev.渴望desiresth渴望某事/物desire(sb)todosth渴望(某人)做某事desirethat...渴望……(从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。eq\o(）,\s\do4(,))【佳句】KnowingthataChinesepaintingexhibitionwillbeheld,I'mwritingtoexpressmydesiretobeavolunteer.得知将举办一场国画展，我写信表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。(应用文之申请信)练透——单句语法填空①Shehasastrongdesireforknowledgeandwantstogotocollegeverymuch.②Hedesiredtojoin(join)thearmyanddevotedhimselftothecountry.③Theboy'smotherdesireshimtosolve(solve)thisproblembyhimself.④Itisdesiredthatalltheexercises(should)behanded(hand)inbeforeschoolwasover.写美——句型转换⑤MyfamilyandteachersdesirethatIgoabroadforfurthereducation.→Myfamilyandteachersdesiremetogoabroadforfurthereducation.3．crowdn．人群(1)acrowdof一群；一伙；一堆crowdsof成群的……；许多……(2)crowdv.涌上(心上)；涌入(脑海)crowdinto涌入crowdinonsb(指想法等)大量涌现(3)crowdedadj.拥挤的becrowdedwith...挤满了…eq\o(…,\s\do4(,))【佳句】AsIlookedatthehugecrowdclappingforme,IcouldnotbelievethatIwastheheadgirloftheschool.当我看着为我鼓掌的人群时，我不敢相信我是学校的女生代表。【点津】crowd还可用作动词，意为“挤满；使拥挤”。练透——单句语法填空①Whereverthefilmstargoes,therearecrowds(crowd)ofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.②Asindustrydeveloped,moreandmorepeoplecrowdedintocitiesfromthecountryside.③Thebuswassocrowded(crowd)thatIhadtostandallthewaytoschool.④Duringholidaysandweekends,hotelsarefullybookedandthenarrowstreetsarecrowdedwithtourists.写美——读后续写之回忆往事⑤每当我看到这些照片，许多美好的回忆就涌上心头。WheneverIseethepictures,manyhappymemoriescrowdinonme.4.remindvt.使(某人)想起，提醒(1)remindsb(not)todosth提醒某人(不)做某事remindsbofsth使某人想起……(2)remindern.引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物，通知eq\o(单,\s\do4(,))【佳句】ThegiftremindedmeofaconversationI'doverheardatadepartmentstore.这件礼物让我想起了在百货公司无意中听到的一段对话。【点津】和“remindsbofsth”结构相似的还有：accusesbofsth“控告某人某事”；warnsbofsth“警告某人某事”；convincesbofsth“使某人相信某事”。练透——单句语法填空①You'dbetterremindyourgrandfathertotake(take)hismedicine,incaseheforgets.②Ifyouhadn'tremindedmeofthehomework,Iwouldcertainlyhaveforgottenit.③Theexhibitionisareminder(remind)forusnottoforgetthepast.写美——句式升级④Althoughtheyareremindednottodriveafterdrinking,somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck,whichisreallydangerous.→Remindednottodriveafterdrinking,somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck,whichisreallydangerous.(动词­ed形式短语作状语)5．prohibitvt.禁止(1)prohibitsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事(2)prohibitionn.(尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律eq\o(,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Neverdowhatisprohibitedbylaw.永远不要做法律禁止的事情。练透——单句语法填空①Diggingandotherworksalongthelinearecarriedoutduringthedayonly,andconstructionisprohibited(prohibit)atnightsoasnottodisturbanimals.②Thelocalgovernmentprohibitsboatsfromenteringthisareainordertokeepthedolphinssafe.③Theprohibition(prohibit)againstdrunkendrivinghassavedmillionsoflivesinthepasttenyears.写美——完成句子④从上午8点到下午6点，机动车辆禁止在市中心行驶。Motorvehiclesareprohibitedfromdrivinginthetowncentrefrom8amto6pm.6．occupyvt.占用，占去(时间)(1)occupyoneselfindoingsth/withsth忙着做某事/忙于某事(2)occupiedadj.被占领的；忙于；有人使用(或居住)的beoccupied(in)doingsth/withsth忙着做某事/忙于某事(3)occupationn.侵占，占领；(土地、房屋、建筑等的)使用，居住；工作，职eq\o(业,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Howmuchmemorydoestheprogramoccupy?这个程序占用多少内存？【点津】表示“忙于做某事”的短语还有：①beengagedindoingsth②bebusy(in)doingsth/withsth③beburiedindoingsth练透——单句语法填空①ThankstotheCPC’sleadership,Chinahasbeetheworld'ssecond­largesteconomy,occupying(occupy)animportantpositionontheglobalstage.②Occupied(occupy)inlookingafterherchildren,shecan'tspareanytimetohaveaholiday.③Hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdaypartybuthehadoccupiedhimselfwithaveryimportantexperiment.④Choosinganoccupation(occupy)takestime,andtherearealotofthingsyouhavetothinkabout.写美——句式升级⑤Sheisoccupiedinlookingafterthreechildrenathome,soshenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.→Occupyingherselfinlookingafterthreechildrenathome,shenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.(动词­ing形式短语作状语)→Occupiedinlookingafterthreechildrenathome,shenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.(动词­ed形式短语作状语)7．relievevt.减轻，缓解(1)relievesbofsth解除某人的(负担﹑责任、职务等)(2)reliefn.减轻，缓解toone'srelief＝tothereliefofsb令某人感到欣慰的是(3)relievedadj.到宽慰的，放心的，开心的berelievedtodosth做某事感到很宽慰/放心/开eq\o(心,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Thenewsecretarywillrelieveusofsomeofthepaperwork.新来的秘书将会减轻我们文书工作的一些负担。练透——单句语法填空①Domesticrobotsareofgreathelptohousewivesbecausetheycanrelievethemofhouseholdchores.②Muchtothemother'srelief(relieve),hersonwaseventuallyadmittedtoakeyuniversity.③Allherfamilymembersandrelativeswererelieved(relieve)tohearthatshewasoutofdanger.写美——完成句子④你的话减轻了我所有的忧虑。Whatyousaidrelievedmeofallmyworries.8．particularn．尤其，特别；adj.特定的(1)inparticular尤其，特别beparticularabout对……过于讲究/挑剔(2)particularlyadv.特别，尤eq\o(其,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Wemaybeabletodesignacoursetosuityourparticularneeds.我们也许能策划一个课程来满足你的特定需求。练透——单句语法填空①Itwasagoodconcert—Ienjoyedthelastsonginparticular.②Therestaurantispopularwiththelocalpeople,particularly(particular)amongyoungpeople.③Don'tbetooparticularaboutwhatyoueatandwear;paymoreattentiontoyourstudyandwork.写美——完成句子④只有讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己生病。Onlywhenweareparticularabout/overfoodcanwepreventourselvesfromfallingill.9．benefitn．好处，益处(1)benefitv.使受益benefitsb/sth使某人/物受益benefitfrom/by..从……中受益/获益(2)forthebenefitof＝forone'sbenefit为了……的利益beofbenefitto有益于……；对……有好处(3)beneficialadj.有利的；有益的；受益的bebeneficialto...有益于；对……有好eq\o(处,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Now,it'stoughtoargueagainstthemanybenefitsthattheInternethasbroughtintoourlives.现在，很难反驳互联网给我们生活带来的诸多好处。(应用文写作之科技发展)练透——单句语法填空①Asweknow,booksarethesourceofknowledgeandwecanbenefitagreatdealfrom/byreading.②ItissaidthatYogaisofgreatbenefittohealth,soyoucantryit.③Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalsforthebenefitofallitscitizens.④Severalstudieshaveshownthatlisteningtomusiccanbehighlybeneficial(benefit).写美——一句多译天天做运动对健康非常有益处。⑤Doingexerciseeverydayisverybeneficialtohealth.(beneficial)⑥Doingexerciseeverydayisofgreatbenefittohealth.(benefit)【中国元素】FactshaveshownthatamoreopenChinahasbenefitednotonlythe1.4billionpeopleofChina,butalsothepeoplearoundtheworld.事实表明，一个更加开放的中国不仅造福于14亿中国人民，也造福于世界人民。10．capableadj.能干的；能力强的(1)becapableof(doing)sth有(做)某事的能力(2)capacityn.能力，才能havecapacitytodosth/forsth有(做)某事的能力inone'scapacityas＝inthecapacityof作为……；以……资格、身份或职eq\o(位,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Successfulpeopledon'tlettheiragedefinewhattheyarecapableof.成功人士不会让他们的年龄决定他们的能力。练透——单句语法填空①Ifirmlybelieveyouhavethecapacitytocreate(create)yourownhappiness.②ThemissionmadeChinathefifthcountrycapableofbuildingandlaunchingitsowncarrierrockettoreachEarth'sorbit.③Inordertoadapttothedevelopmentofthetimes,humanbeingsmusthavethecapacityforlife­longlearning.写美——同义句转换④Ibelieveshecantakecareofherself.→Ibelieveshehasthecapacitytotakecareofherself.(capacity)→Ibelievesheiscapableoftakingcareofherself.(capable)→Ibelievesheisabletotakecareofherself.(able)【中国元素】ThedriverlessbullettrainsconnectingBeijingandZhangjiakouinnorthernHebeiProvincearecapableofhittingspeedsupto350kph.连接北京和河北省北部张家口的无人驾驶动车，时速能达350公里。11．preventvt.预防；阻止，阻挡(1)prevent/stopsb(from)(doing)sth阻止某人(做)某事(在被动结构中，介词from不可省略)keepsbfrom(doing)sth阻止某人(做)某事(2)preventionn.防；防止；防范(3)preventableadj.可以预防的；可以阻止eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Thefirefightersshoweduswhattodoincaseofafire,howtopreventthefireandhowtousedifferentkindsoffire­fightingequipment.消防队员向我们展示了发生火灾时该怎么做，如何预防火灾，以及如何使用各种消防设备。(应用文写作之活动介绍)【点津】表示“阻止某人(做)某事”时，prevent/stopsb(from)(doing)sth中的介词from可以省略，但keepsbfrom(doing)sth中的from不能省略。在被动结构中，以上短语中的from均不可省略。练透——单句语法填空①(2021·天津卷)Thiswillpreventyoufromgetting(get)lostinthefirstfewdaysofclasses,andfamiliarizeyouwithhowlongittakestogetfromplacetoplace.②Thesituationinthatcountryshouldbeprevented(prevent)frombeingworseandworse.③Mostofthemistakesinhistestpaperarepreventable(prevent)ifheismorecareful.④Lawismadetopunishcrimeswithaneyeonprevention(prevent).写美——句式升级⑤Thefiremenarrivedquickly,sotheypreventedthefirefromspreading.→Thefiremenarrivedquickly,preventingthefirefromspreading.(动词­ing形式短语作状语)12．detailn．细节(1)indetail详细地gointodetails详细叙述；逐一说明(2)detailedadj.详细的，详尽eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Wecarefullywatchedeverydetailofhisaction.我们仔细观察了他动作的每个细节。练透——单句语法填空①Pleasevisitourwebsitetogetmoredetails(detail)ofourproducts.②Thankfully,afterIexplainedmyplantothemindetail,theysaidyes.③Hegavemedetailed(detail)instructionsonhowtogetthere.写美——完成句子④他拒绝详细叙述他的计划。Herefusedtogointodetailsabouthisplans.13．satisfactionn．满足，满意(1)tosb'ssatisfaction令某人满意的是withsatisfaction满意地，心满意足地(2)satisfyvt.使满意，使满足satisfysbwithsth使某人满足于某事(3)satisfiedadj.满意的，满足的besatisfiedwith对……感到满意(4)satisfyingadj.令人满意eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】StrokingTom'shair,Momsmiledwithsatisfaction.妈妈抚摸着汤姆的头发，满意地笑了。(读后续写之动作描写)练透——单句语法填空①Shestoppedwritingandreadwhatshehadwrittenwithsatisfaction(satisfy).②Inordertosatisfyourcustomerswithhighqualityservice,weareinvitinganexperttotrainourworkers.③Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwithyourpurchase,wewillgiveyouafullrefund.④Itissatisfying(satisfy)inlifetomakeonefriend,morethanenoughtomaketwofriendsandraretomakethreefriends.写美——完成句子⑤让老师满意的是，他正确地回答了所有的问题。Totheteacher'ssatisfaction,heansweredallthequestionscorrectly.【中国元素】Chinawillfurtheradvancetheintegrationofelderlyandmedicalcareservicestoincreasesatisfactionofitsgrowingelderlypopulation.中国将进一步推进养老和医疗服务一体化，以提高不断增长的老年人口的满意度。14．amazedadj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的(1)beamazedat/by对……很惊奇beamazedtofind/learn/see...惊奇的发现/了解到/看到(2)amazementn.惊讶(much)toone'samazement令某人(非常)惊讶的是inamazement惊讶地(3)amazev.使吃惊(4)amazingadj.惊人的，了不起eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】WhenDadandMomarrivedadayearlier,theywereamazedtofindeverythinginamess.当爸爸妈妈提前一天到达时，他们惊讶地发现一切都乱糟糟的。(读后续写之家庭生活)练透——单句语法填空①Visitorsareamazedtofind(find)thatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainthepastthirtyyears.②Helookedatmeinamazement(amaze),anditseemedthathehadn'trecognizedme.③Muchtohisamazement,hefoundthatnotwosnowflakeswereexactlythesameshape.写美——完成句子④看到她巨大的变化我感到惊讶。Iwasamazedtoseehowmuchshehadchanged.15．responsen．回答，答复(1)makea/noresponseto对……做出回复/不回复inresponseto为了回应……；作为对……的回答(2)respondvi.回答；响应；做出反应respondto对……做出回复/回eq\o(答,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Shemadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses.她在社交媒体上发出呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。(读后续写之慈善事业)练透——单句语法填空①Iknockedonthedoorbuttherewasnoresponse(respond).②Inresponsetothecallofmotherland,alotofgraduatesvolunteertoworkintheruralarea.③Sherespondedtomyletterwithaphonecall.写美——一句多译她没有回复我的信件。④Shedidn'trespondtomyletter.(respond)⑤Shedidn'tmakearesponsetomyletter.(response)16．track[对点微练]——选出track的含义A．n.跑道B．n.足迹，踪迹C．n.轨道D．vt.追踪①Engineerscarriedoutathoroughinspectionofthetracktoensurethesafetyofthetrains.C②Thehuntertrackedthewolfandmanagedtocatchit.D③WhenKellyranaroundthetrack,sheheardmanycheersandkidsshouting,“GoKelly!Youcandoit！”A④Wefollowedthebear'stracksinthesnow.B17．net[对点微练]——选出net的含义A．n.(网球等的)球网B．adj.净得的C．vt.净赚，净得D．vt.(将球)踢入球门，射入球门①Itisreportedthepany'snetprofitincreasedby10%lastyear.B②Theplayerhasnetted21goalssofarthisseason.D③Justoneminutebeforethegamewasover,hekickedtheballintothenet,helpinghisteamwinthechampion.A④Henettedamilliondollarsaftertaxeslastyear.C18．tip[对点微练]——选出tip的含义A．n.建议，忠告，窍门B．n.小费C．n.尖，尖端D．vt.倒出，翻覆①Itisacustominthatcountrytogivethewaiteratipafterthemeal.B②Hetippedthecontentsofthebagontothetable.D③Thefollowingaresometipstohelpyougainthepromotionyouwant.A④Whatyouseeisonlythetipoftheglacierandeightninthsofitisunderthesea.C◎主题语境培优——词汇库[自主核对区]1.coachn.2.captainn．3.professionaladj.4.amateuradj.5.medaln.6.buildupone'sbody7.setanewworldrecord8.aclosegame9.thestarting/finishingline10.winagoldmedal11.bringglorytothecountry12.recordholder13.physicalexercise14.getintothegoodhabitofgettingupearly15.improveheartandlungfunction[自主核对区]1.教练2.队长3.专业的，职业的4.业余的5.奖牌6.增强某人的体质7.创造一项新的世界纪录8.一场势均力敌的比赛9.起点/终点线10.获得一枚金牌11.为国家带来荣誉12.纪录保持者13．体育锻炼14.养成早起的习惯15．提高心肺功能写作句式迁移1．notonly...butalso...句型[课本原句]One'shealthandwellnessaredependentnotonlyondiet，butalsoonsportandexercise.一个人的健康不仅依赖饮食，还有运动和锻炼。(1)notonly...butalso...句型，意为“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略；(2)notonly...butalso...连接的两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”原则。即谓语动词和最近的主语保持一致；(3)notonly...butalso...连接两个句子，且notonly置于句首时，notonly后面的句子要用部分倒装，但butalso后的句子不倒装eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Herevisitorscannotonlyincreasetheirknowledge,butalsoreviewhistory.参观者在这里不仅可以增长知识，而且重温了历史。【写作迁移】——微写作①一个微笑不仅能使我们快乐，也能使别人感到高兴。Notonlycanasmilemakeushappy,butalsoitenablesotherstofeeldelighted.②智能不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康造成了极大的危害。Smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluabletime,butalsodogreatharmtoourhealth．【中国元素】PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuilduppeople'sstrength,butalsodeveloppeople'scharacter.练中国功夫不仅可以强身健体，而且可以塑造我们的性格。2．否定转移[课本原句]Idon'tthinkIcanplayanymore,coach.教练，我想我不能再比赛了。否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，它必须同时满足三个条件：(1)主语是第一人称I或we；(2)主句谓语是一般现在时；(3)谓语动词应是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine等eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Idon'tbelievethemancanfinishtheworkontime.我认为这个人是不会按时完成这项工作的。【点津】否定前移的宾语从句，在变成反意疑问句时，反意疑问句的主谓语要与从句一致。【写作迁移】——微写作①我认为他不会操作这台新机器。Idon'tthink(that)hecanoperatethenewmachine.②我们觉得他不会来的。Wedon'tthinkhewille.③我想你没遇见汤姆，对吗？Idon'tthinkyou'vemetTom,haveyou？单句语法填空1．Anincreasingnumberofpeopleprefertobuy/buying(buy)onlinetoenjoybenefitsoflowprices,broadcategoriesandfastdeliveryofferedbyonlinestores.2．Hemetwithmanyfailures,buthewasnotdiscouraged,stillhavingaburningdesiretoachieve(achieve)hisgoal.3．Wemustimprovethequalityofourproductssothatwewillnotletourselvesbeovertaken(overtake)byourpetitors.4．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse(respond).5．Aftergettinghome,whentheboyopenedthebox,hewasamazedtosee(see)apairofsportsshoes.6．Actually,evenverysmallchildrenarecapableofresolvingtheirownconflicts,andifpossibleshouldbeleftalonetodoso.7．Givemetimetocollectmythoughts,andIwillworkoutadetailed(detail)plan.8．Breathingasighofrelief(relieve),Carolinelookedatthebird,whichwasstillpeacefullysleepingintheboxasifnothinghadhappened.9．Scientistscollectendangeredandusefulwildspecies,puttheminapaperorcottonbagsothattheycanbepreventedfromgettingbad,andsendthemtotheseedbank.10．Occupied(occupy)withhiswork,hedoesn'tevenhavetimetohaveadinnerwithhisparents.完成句子1．我最喜欢的球队赢得冠军的消息使我振作起来。Thenewsthatmyfavoriteteamwonthechampionshipcheeredmeup.2．一定提醒他早点回来。Besuretoremindhimtoebackearly.3．她努力学习不想让父母失望。Sheworkshardsoasnottoletherparentsdown.4．跟上国际国内市场的变化对我们来说很重要。Itisimportantforustokeepupwiththechangesofinternationalanddomesticmarket.5．请确保演出时关上所有。Pleasemakesureallmobilephonesareswitchedoffduringtheperformance.6．这是个好主意，但我认为他不会同意的。Thisisagoodidea,butIdon'tthinkhewillagreewithit．7．他在会上说的话使我非常紧张。Whathesaidinthemeetingmademeverynervous．8．你应该在会议上保持沉默，除非被邀请说话。Youshouldremainsilentattheconference,unlessinvitedtospeak.二、同步语法过关定语从句+不定代词)导学案(解析版)考点一：关系代词that清单1：that用作关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语、宾语，有时作表语。1.Heisnolongertheman_________hewasfiveyearsago.【解析】1.that。本句中that在定语从句充当表语。故答案是that。清单2：先行词既为人又为物时，只用that不用which。2.Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople_________hehadvisited.【解析】2.that。先行词既为人又为物时，只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清单3：先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that不用which。3.ThefirstEnglishnovel__________IreadwasGoneWithWind.3.Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames_______Ihaveeverseen.【解析】3.that。先行词被序数词修饰只能用that不用which。故答案是toreduce。【解析】4.that。先行词被形容词最高级修饰只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清单4：先行词是all,much,little,everything,nothing,anything等不定代词时，只用that不用which。5.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.(全国2010II)【解析】5.that。先行词被形容词最高级修饰只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清单5：先行词被only,very,little,all等修饰时，只用that不用which。6.Heistheonlyman__________Icanfindforthework.【解析】6.that。限定词only是关键。故答案是that。清单6：that用作关系副词，作方式状语（that相当于inwhich，可以省略），先行词是theway。7.Idon’tliketheway_______youspeaktoher.【解析】7.that。theway在定语从句作方式状语，故填that。注意此时that可以省略。故答案是that。考点二：关系代词which清单1：which用作关系代词，指物；在句中作主语、宾语8.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothgivesofflightinthedark.【解析】8.that/which。本句中that在定语从句充当表语。故答案是that。清单2：which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，前边有逗号为标志，that不能。9.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.【解析】9.which。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，前边有逗号为标志。故答案是which。清单3：which用于“介词+关系代词”结构，先行词指物，如inwhich,bothofwhich等。10.Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from__________studentscanchooseforfree.【解析】10.which。choosefrom表示“从……选择”；先行词是Manylessons，故用which。故答案是which。考点三：关系代词whose清单1：whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物。11.Kae,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.【解析】11.whose。whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人。故答案是whose。清单1：whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+名词。12.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_______purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.13.ThisisMrGreen,___________________helpI’vemadegreatprogressinEnglish.【解析】12.whose。whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指物。故答案是whose。【解析】13.withwhose。Withone’shelp表示“在……帮助下”。故答案是withwhose。考点四：关系代词as清单1：as用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾语，用于such…as…,so…as…,thesame…as…句型。14.LosAngelesissuchanattractiveplace_______everyonelikestovisit.15.Thisis______difficultaproblem_____noonecanworkout.【解析】14.as。such…as…构成限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语。故答案是as。【解析】15.so;as。so…as…构成限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语。故答案是so;as。清单1：as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……”，从句多含有see,know,expect,tell,report等动词。16._________isoftenthecasewithJim,hewasfinedforspeeding.17._______isknowntoeverybody,lighttravelsfasterthansound.18.Theairqualityinthecity,______isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.【解析】16.As。asisoftenthecasewithsb引导非限制性定语从句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。【解析】17.As。asweallknow/asisknowntoall引导非限制性定语从句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。【解析】18.as。as引导的定语从句可以插入到主句中间，如本句。故答案是as。考点五：关系代词who和whom清单1：关系代词who在定语从句作主语，先行词指人。19.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.【解析】19.who。本句先行词是theirmasters，定语从句缺少主语，故应用who。清单1：关系代词whom在定语从句作宾语，先行词指人，可以省略。whom可以用于“介词+关系代词”结构，先行词指人，如fromwhom,bywhom等。20.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof______lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.【解析】20.whom。这是“介词+关系代词”结构，先行词指人，故用whom。考点六：关系副词when,where和why清单1：when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语；先行词是具体时间名词，如day,month,year还可以是抽象名词，如age,stay,occasion等。21.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.22.Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofingtrue.【解析】21.when。when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语。注意本句先行词Thedays和定语从句没有紧挨在一起，而是被谓语aregone分隔开，形成分割定语从句。故答案是when。【解析】22.when。when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语。清单2：where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语；先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如school,museum,centre还可以是抽象名词，如point,case,situation,stage,race,position,job等。23.Selfdriving

is

an

area

__________China

and

the

rest

of

the

world

are

on

the

same

startingline.24.Today,we’lldiscusssomecases____________beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.【解析】23.where。先行词an

area在定语从句充当地点状语，故答案是where。【解析】24.where。先行词是抽象名词cases，定语从句不缺少主语和宾语，应作状语。故答案是where。清单3：why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状语；why还可以用于Thereasonwhy…isthat…句型。25.Thereason_________Jimfailedtoewas________hewasseriouslyill.【解析】25.why;that。Thereasonwhy…isthat…是固定句型，表示“之所以……是因为……”。故答案是why;that。考点七：用关系代词或是关系副词清单：先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定用where；先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定用when；先行词是原因名词，关系词不一定用why；窍门：学会分析句子成分，原句含有主谓宾或者不缺少宾语才能用关系副词；原句缺少主语或宾语才能用关系代词。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。26.Doyoustillrememberthedays________westudiedtogether?27.Doyoustillrememberthedays________wespenttogether?28.Isthisthemuseum______youonceworked?29.Isthisthemuseum______youoncevisited?30.Isthisthereason_______hewasabsentfromschoolyesterday?31.Isthisthereason_______hegaveforabsencefromschoolyesterday?【解析】26.when。when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语。故答案是when。【解析】27.that/which。没有特别限定，二者都可以，时间名词在定语从句作宾语。故答案是that/which。【解析】28.where。where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。故答案是toreduce。【解析】29.that/which。没有特别限定，二者都可以，地点名词在定语从句作宾语。故答案是that/which。【解析】30.why。why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状语。故答案是toreduce。【解析】31.that/which。从句谓语动词give是及物动词，从句缺少宾语。故答案是that/which。考点八：“介词+关系代词”结构要点精讲：先行词指人关系代词用whom，指物关系代词用which；介词选择的原则：一看先行词词特殊要求，如toadegree，二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learnfrom三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如inwhichcase,withwhosehelp等。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。32.Doyourememberthedaywefirstmet?33.Doyourememberthemonthwefirstmet?34.Thisistheskirtshepaid$100.34.Thisistheskirtshespent$100.36.ThisismyEnglishteacher,I’velearnedalot.37.ThisismyEnglishteacher,helpIcouldn’thavemadesuchrapidprogress.【解析】32.onwhich。“在某一天”介词用on。故答案是onwhich。【解析】33.inwhich。“在某一月”介词用in。故答案是inwhich。【解析】34.forwhich。pay…for…是固定词组。故答案是forwhich。【解析】35.onwhich。spendmoney/timeon…是固定词组。故答案是onwhich。【解析】36.fromwhom。从句谓语含有learnfrom短语。故答案是fromwhom。【解析】37.withoutwhose。withone’shelp表示“在某人帮助下”，结合语境应用否定形式。故答案是withoutwhose。考点九：定语从句中的主谓一致要点精讲1：先行词作主语，that/which/who从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。38.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.39.I,who__________(be)yourfriend,canunderstandyou.【解析】38.suits。asolution作主语，谓语动词应用单数。故答案是suits。【解析】39.am。定语从句主语是I，对应谓语是am。故答案是am。要点精讲2：先行词是oneof…结构，定语从句谓语用复数；先行词是theonly/veryoneof…，定语从句谓语用单数。40.Heisoneofthestudentswho________(praise)atyesterday’smeeting.41.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______________(praise)atyesterday’smeeting.【解析】40.werepraised。先行词是oneof…结构，定语从句谓语用复数。故答案是werepraised。【解析】41.waspraised。先行词是theonly/veryoneof…，定语从句谓语用单数。故答案是waspraised。考点十：定语从句复杂形式清单：先行词与定语从句分隔开构成“分割型”定语从句；定语从句与强调句型相结合考查；定语从句与名词性从句、状语从句综合考查；定语从句在阅读理解和完形填空中多起干扰作用，注意用括号法快速识别达到化繁为简目的。42.Occasionsarequiterare_________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.43.Itwasinthebackyard________myfatherplantedmanyvegetables________hedugupastatue.44.Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.45.Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_______weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.46.Anewschoolwillbebuiltin_________isabankruptfactorynow.47.Anewschoo