湖北省2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷【含答案解析】

2023-2024学年湖北省高一下学期期中考试高一英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题15分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhichcountryisJessieinnow?A.Australia.B.England.C.France.2.Whatdidthewomanforgettobring?A.Hertickets.B.Herhandbag.C.Hergloves.3.Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydonext?A.Haveacoffee.B.Findtheirseats.C.Buyanicecream.4.Whatdepartmentisthewomanmovingto?A.DepartmentofCulture.B.DepartmentofAgriculture.CDepartmentofEnvironment.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afootballmatch.B.AtriptoBrazil.C.Asportsstar.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman’shouse.B.Atabarbershop.C.Atanoffice.7.Whatcoloristhewoman’shairnow?A.Black.B.Blonde.C.Brown.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.WhatbookdidthegirldiscussinherEnglishclass?A.HarryPotter.B.TheBookThief.C.DarkMatter.9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Writerandreader.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12三个小题。10.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toarrangeacarservice.B.Tofindoutaprice.C.Tosellacar.11.Whatwillbedifferentthismonth?A.Thecostofrepairs.B.Thetimerequiredforrepairs.C.ThepriceofaSuperTune.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Sendane-mail.B.Speaktoanexpert.C.Meetthewoman’shusband.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16四个小题。13.Howisthewomanfeelingaboutthegame?A.Anxious.B.Excited.C.Calm.14.Whatsportwillthewomanplaytonight?A.Basketball.B.Volleyball.C.Football.15.Howdidthewomanbecometeamleader?A.Herteacherchoseher.B.Shehadthebestscores.C.Thepreviousleadergotinjured.16.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Watchamatch.B.Studyathome.C.Playasportwithfriends.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Players.B.Filmstars.C.Reporters.18.Howlongwillthematchesprobablylast?A.Twodays.B.Sevendays.C.Fifteendays.19.Whatarethelistenersaskedtodo?A.Speakquietly.B.Dressnicely.C.Turnofftheirphones.20.Whatwillhappenfirst?A.Theaudiencewilltakephotos.B.Aplayerwillanswerquestions.C.Theaudiencewillleavethemeeting.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AImmersion(沉浸)inmusicisaremarkablewaytorelax.Now,musicloversheachancetopleaseyourears.Thefollowingfourfestivalsmustbringyougreatsurprise.MoabMusicFestivalWhere:Moab,UtahWhen:Aug.29-Sept.9Thisareaisbetterknownformountainbikingthanformusic.Butsince1992,ithashostedaprivatefestivalthatbringsclassical,jazz,Latinandothertypesofmusictotheland.Thisyeartherewillbe16concerts,includingthere“GrottoConcerts”,wheregueststakea45-minuteboatridedowntheColoradoRivertoperformances.Eventsstartat$25..Jacob’sPillowDanceFestivalWhere:Becket,MassachusettsWhen:June15-Aug.24Eachsummer,thisinfluentialdancecenterpresentsanumberofclassesandperformancesbymorethan50companiesfromaroundtheworld.Highlights(最精彩的部分)thisseasonincludetheDanceTheaterofHarlem’sproductionofAlvinAiley’s“TheLarkAscending”,whichopensthefestival.Manyeventsarefree.Ticketedperformancesstartat$22..CheyenneFrontierDaysWhere:Cheyenne,WyomingWhen:July19-28There’ssomethingforeveryoneatthis117-year-oldfestival,froman“Indianvillage”andOldWestmuseumtocountryconcerts.Butthecompetitionisstillthemainattraction,withcowboysandcowgirlscompetingformajormoneyintheworld’slargestoutdoorstage.Competitionticketsstartat$18,andconcertticketsat$23..TheGlimmerglassFestivalWhere:Cooperstown,NewYorkWhen:July6-Aug.24Eachsummer,operaloversfromaroundthecountry(andtheworld)traveltoupstateNewYorktowatchproductionsthatincludestarslikeNathanGunnandGingerCosta-Jackson.Thisyear’sperformancesincludeWagner’s“TheFlyingDutchman”andVerdi’s“KingforaDay”,inhonorofthe200thbirthdaysofbothcomposers(作曲家).Ticketsstartat$26..1.Whichdateissuitableforyoutoenjoya“GrottoConcert”?A.June15. B.September4. C.August24. D.July19.2.You’readvisedtogoto________ifyoulikeVerdi.A.Jacob’sPillowDanceFestival. B.CheyenneFrontierDays.C.TheGlimmerglassFestival. D.MoabMusicFestival.3.Whichpartofawebsiteisthetextprobablychosenfrom?AArt. B.Literature. C.Business. D.Education.【答案】1B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了美国的四个节日。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据MoabMusicFestival部分的“When:Aug.29-Sept.9”和“Thisyeartherewillbe16concerts,includingthree‘GrottoConcerts’(今年将举行16场音乐会，其中包括3场“洞穴音乐会”。)”可知，第二段提到该音乐节会举办16场演唱会，其中就包括GrottoConcert，而该音乐节的举办时间为8月29至9月9日，因此最佳参与时间为9月4日，故选B。【2题详解】2.细节理解题。根据TheGlimmerglassFestival部分的“Thisyear’sperformancesincludeWagner’s“TheFlyingDutchman”andVerdi’s“KingforaDay”(今年的演出包括Wagner的《飞翔的荷兰人》和Verdi的《一日之王》)”可知，如果你是一个Verdi迷，就应该去TheGlimmerglassFestival，故选C。【3题详解】3.推理判断题。文中介绍了4个音乐节的有关情况，音乐属于艺术这一主题，因此可以在与艺术相关的网站上浏览到相关信息。故选A。BAtBeijing’sPalaceMuseum,itsometimesseemsthattimestandsstill,buttheclockskeeptickingatasmallworkshopthere.Thisiswhereclockconservator(文物修复员)QiHaonanworks..Aspartofthefourthgenerationofconservatorstorepairandrestoreantique(古老的)clocksatthemuseumsince1949,Qihasreturnedmorethan100clockstotheirformerglory.Afterhavingmajoredinmechanicalautomationduringhisuniversitystudies,QijoinedtheculturalrelicsrestorationdepartmentatthePalaceMuseumin2005.“Inthebeginning,everythinginthepalacewasnewtome.Itmademeexcitedtoeventhinkaboutrepairingantiqueclocks,”the41-year-oldtoldChinaDaily.Butrealitysoonweakenedhiswarmth.Thereisaruleatthemuseum:Forthefirstyearyoucanlook,butnottouch.From8a.m.to5p.m.everyday,hecheckedandtookapartwatchesandclockscollectedfromhisfriendstopractice.Afterayearofrepeatedwork,hecouldfinallygethishandsontheclocksinthemuseumandgetabetterunderstandingofthejob.Tohim,restoringsuchclocksdoesn’tmeanmakingthemlookbrand-new.Throughcleaningandrestoration,hetriestokeepthemintheiroriginalform,bringingbacktheirformerfunction.Qistillrememberedtheexcitementhefeltwhenthehandsofhisfirstrepairedclockbegantomove.ItwasaFrenchclock,whichtookhimamonthtorestore.“Whatamazesmemostabouttheseclocksisthattheycombinethescientificadvances,technologicalprecision(精确)andtrendsindecorativeartoftheirparticulartimes,”QitoldChinaDaily.AlthoughtheantiqueclockrepairingspecialskillsatthePalaceMuseumwerelistedasanationalintangible(非物质的)culturalheritagein2014,itwasstillalittle-knownskillandthespecialtywasinshortsupplyofprofessionals.Until2016,a3-partTVdocumentary,MastersintheForbiddenCity,madeitpossibletothepublic.Qistartedpostingvideosabouttheantiqueclocksonsocialmediain2019,givingviewersalookintothework.“Withrisingattentionandinfluence,antiqueclockrestorationcannotonlybefurtherdeveloped,butalsoexpandedtomoremuseumswhichhouseantiqueclocksandwatches,”QitoldChinaDaily.4.WhatcanbeknownabouttheclockconservatorQiHaonan?A.HebegantoworkatthePalaceMuseumin1949.B.Helearnedhowtorestoreantiqueclocksatuniversity.C.Hehasdecidedtorescuetheculturalrelicsrestoration.D.Heispartofthefourthgenerationofclockconservators.5.WhydidQiHaonanloseabitofwarmthatthebeginningofhiswork?A.Hecouldn’ttouchtheantiqueclocks.B.Hewasaskedtodomuchrepeatedwork.C.Hehadtocollectclocksfromhisfriends.D.Hedidn’tunderstandthemeaningofrestoration.6.WhatdoesrestoringantiqueclocksmeantoQiHaonan?A.Keepingthemcleanandbrand-new.B.Makingthemmorebeautifulandvaluablethanever.C.Gettingthembacktotheiroriginalformandfunction.D.Combiningscientificadvancesandtechnologicalprecision.7.Whichwordcanbestdescribethefutureofantiqueclockrestoration?A.Worrying. B.Uncertain. C.Hopeless. D.Promising.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章从故宫古钟表文物修复员亓昊楠的视角讲述了故宫古钟表修复工作。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Aspartofthefourthgenerationofconservatorstorepairandrestoreantique(古老的)clocksatthemuseumsince1949,Qihasreturnedmorethan100clockstotheirformerglory.(作为自1949年以来第四代修复故宫古钟表的文物修复员，亓已经将100多只钟恢复了昔日的辉煌)”可知，亓昊楠是第四代故宫古钟表文物修复员之一，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butrealitysoonweakenedhiswarmth.Thereisaruleatthemuseum:Forthefirstyearyoucanlook,butnottouch.(但现实很快就削弱了他的热情。博物馆有个规定：第一年你可以看，但不能摸)”可知，亓昊楠开始工作时失去了一点热情，是因为第一年他不能触碰古钟表。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Throughcleaningandrestoration,hetriestokeepthemintheiroriginalform,bringingbacktheirformerfunction.(通过清理和修复，他试图保持它们原始形态，恢复它们以前的功能)”可知，对亓昊楠来说，修复古钟表意味着使它们恢复到原来的形态和功能，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Withrisingattentionandinfluence,antiqueclockrestorationcannotonlybefurtherdeveloped,butalsoexpandedtomoremuseumswhichhouseantiqueclocksandwatches,’QitoldChinaDaily.(亓在接受《中国日报》采访时表示：‘随着关注度和影响力的提高，古钟表修复不仅可以进一步发展，还可以扩展到更多收藏古钟表的博物馆。’)”可知，古钟表修复的未来是光明的。故选D。CSearchandrescueteamsareoftenaccompaniedbyman’sbestfriend.Adog’sgreatersenseofsmellcanbeimportanttofindingsurvivorsburiedunderfallenbuildings.Butnowanewanimalisbeingtrainedtoassistsearchandrescueteamsafteranearthquakehits,andit’stherat.TheserescueratsarebeingtrainedbyDr.DonnaKean,aresearcherfromGlasgow,Scotlandwhohasbeenworkingwithratsforyears.KeanexplainedwhysheandhercolleaguesatthenonprofitAPOPOtrainratsinsteadofdogs.“Theratshaveacomparablesenseofsmell,andthey’rejustastrainableasdogs,”shesaid.“Theirsizeisusefulbecausetheywillbeabletomovethroughdifferentenvironmentsthatdogsjustwouldn’tbeableto.”Atthemoment,theratsarewearinghomemadeprototypebackpacksthatcontainmicrophones,videoequipment,andlocationtrackers,andthenscientistsaresendingtheseratsintomockdebris(模拟的废墟).Ratswouldbeabletogetintosmallspacestogettovictimsburiedintheruins.“Wehavenotbeeninarealsituationyet,wehavegotamockdebrissite.Whenwetrackthebackpack,wewillbeabletohearfromwheretheratisinsidethedebris,”Keansaid.“Wehavethepotentialtospeaktovictimsthroughtherat.”Researcherstrainthemonabasicseriesofbehaviour.Trainingstartsoffinareallybasicenvironment:asmallandemptyroom.Thentheygraduallyincreasethedifficultyinordertomakeitlikereallife.Theycanstartaddingindebrisandmakingthetrainingarealookmorelikeanactualcollapsed(坍塌的)buildingsite.Thetrainingjuststarted,andresearchersstillhavetoruntrainingtrialsoutsidetheresearchenvironment.TheyareworkingwithasearchandrescuegroupcalledGEA,whoarebasedinTurkey,acountrywithfrequentearthquakesandhopingthatbynextyearthey’llbeabletotaketheratstoTurkeyfortrials.8.Whatadvantagedoratshaveoverdogsintherescuework?A.Theyareeasiertotrain.B.Theyhaveabettersenseofsmell.C.Theyaremoresuitablewithasmallersize.D.Theyadapttonewenvironmentsmorequickly.9.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthebackpacks?A.Toguideratstofindsurvivors.B.Toprotectratsfrombeinginjured.C.Toprovidesomefoodfortrappedpeople.D.Tohelprescuerscommunicatewithvictims.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theprocessoftrainingtherats.B.Thedifficultyofconductingexperiments.C.Therats’behaviourinrealcollapsedsites.D.Theimportanceoftheresearchenvironment.11.Whatwillscientistsplantodonext?A.Useratsforrescueworkinmorecountries.B.SendratstoTurkeyforfieldexperiments.C.Conductfurtherstudyondisasterwarning.D.DevelopthetechnologytoassistGEA.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了老鼠正在被用于搜救救援中。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theirsizeisusefulbecausetheywillbeabletomovethroughdifferentenvironmentsthatdogsjustwouldn’tbeableto.”（它们的体型很有用，因为它们能够在不同的环境中移动，而狗则无法做到这一点。）可知，在救援工作中，老鼠比狗有优势在于它们尺寸小，更灵活。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Whenwetrackthebackpack,wewillbeabletohearfromwheretheratisinsidethedebris,”Keansaid.“Wehavethepotentialtospeaktovictimsthroughtherat.””（当我们追踪背包时。我们可以听到老鼠在废墟中的位置。基恩说，“我们有可能通过老鼠与受害者对话。”）可知，预期背包的功能是帮助救援人员与受害者沟通。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Researcherstrainthemonabasicseriesofbehavior.Trainingstartsoffinareallybasicenvironment:asmallandemptyroom.Thentheygraduallyexpandandincreasethecomplexityinordertomakeitlikereallife.Theycanstartaddingindebrisandmakingthetrainingarealookmorelikeanactualcollapsedbuildingsite.”（研究人员对它们进行一系列基本行为的训练。训练开始于一个非常基本的环境:一个又小又空的房间。然后他们逐渐扩展和增加复杂性，以使它像现实生活。他们可以开始添加碎片，让训练区看起来更像一个真正倒塌的建筑工地。）由此可知，第四段主要在说训练老鼠的过程。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TheyareworkingwithasearchandrescuegroupcalledGEA,whoarebasedinTurkey,acountrywithfrequentearthquakesandhopingthatbynextyearthey’llbeabletotaketheratstoTurkeyfortrials.”（他们正在与一个名为GEA的搜救组织合作。他们的总部设在土耳其。这是一个地震频繁的国家，他们希望明年能把老鼠带到土耳其进行试验。）可知，研究人员下一步计划把老鼠送到土耳其做实地实验。故选B项。DIrememberclearlymyfirstpineappleoniceatacornerdeliinNewYork.Itwasonthenorth-eastcornerofColumbusand57thStreet,astorefilledwithflowersandfreshproducethatstayedopenallnight.Inmyfirstflushofenthusiasmforthenewcity,everythingaboutthatdeliseemedgreat.Abundance!Convenience!Pineapple,freshlycutandpackagedonice!Alastingmemory.Ithasbeen15yearssincethen.Cornerdelisremain,butunderpainofcompetitionfromanewgenerationofdeliveryalternativeslikeGoPuffandGetirthatpromisetodeliveranyitemwithin15minutes,gettingupoffthesofatowalkhalfablockforsomemilkisalongpast.Oneingredientdownforyourdishes?Noneedtoturnoffyourstoveandputonyourshoes!Instead,forasmallfee,orderapersontoyourdoorbearingasinglecanofchickpeas.LEGSNOMORE!Thedownfallofoldservices,andthereversal(反转)oftheconsumptionstyleareaffectingthecitylandscapeatalllevels.Asamultibilliondollarbusiness,hyper-fastdeliveryistearingatbreakneckspeedtomaketinydeliverywindows.Itnotonlymeansmorebikesonthestreets,largeareasofrealestate(房地产)arebeingturnedoverto“darkstores”thatyouwalkpasteverydaybutcanonlybuyviaanapponceyou’rehome.ThethreattoNewYork’ssymbolicdelisremainstobeseen.Althoughnearlyeverybusiness,fromdinerstobookshops,hasclosedtheirdoorsoverthelast10years,onlytheNewYorkdelisremainlargelyuntouched.Still,thepressuremustbeintense.Instantdeliveryismakingusevenlazierandmoreuselessaspeople,ofwhichIamnotproud.Lastweek,whenrunningoutofmilk,IorderedthedeliveryofasinglecoffeefromStarbucks.Igavemyselfapassbecauseitwascoffee.Butifthesethingsarequickerandmoreconvenient,they’realsosadderandstrippedofthebareminimumofhumancontactneededtoholdneighbourhoodstogether.And,likesomuchinnovationintechnology,theycanruncounterto(与…背道而驰)thepointoftheverythingtheyenable.12.What’stheauthor’sfirstimpressionofthecornerdeli?A.Impressive. B.Comfortable.C.Disappointing. D.Regretful.13.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphimply?A.Moremilkisavailablenowadays.B.Chickpeasarecheapertopurchase.C.People’slifestylehaschangedalot.D.Cornerdelisstillhavegoodbusiness.14.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Newtechnologyisputtingoldthingsoutofuse.B.Innovationintechnologyisbenefitingusgreatly.C.Fastdeliveryisleavingussociallydisconnected.D.Instantdeliveryisbringingusmoreconvenience.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Areflectiononthenewconsumptiontrend.B.AnunforgettablelifeexperienceinAmerica.C.Anaccountofmodernfastdeliveryindustry.D.Thepressurenewtechnologybringstodelis.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新的服务方式——快递配送给人们带来生活便利的同时，正影响着城市的各个方面，让人们变得懒惰，失去了彼此之间的接触等问题的出现。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“IrememberclearlymyfirstpineappleoniceatacornerdeliinNewYork.(我清楚地记得我在纽约的一个转角熟食店的第一个冰菠萝。)”和“Alastingmemory.(一段永久的回忆。)”可知，作者对于转角熟食店的第一印象是深刻的，无法忘怀的，故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ithasbeen15yearssincethen.Cornerdelisremain,butunderpainofcompetitionfromanewgenerationofdeliveryalternativeslikeGoPuffandGetirthatpromisetodeliveranyitemwithin15minutes,gettingupoffthesofatowalkhalfablockforsomemilkisalongpast.(从那以后已经15年了。街角的熟食店仍然存在，但在GoPuff和Getir等承诺在15分钟内送达任何商品的新一代快递代替品的竞争中，从沙发上起来走半个街区买牛奶已经成为了过去。)”可知，作者在第二段中想要表达的是，在新一代的快递服务中，人们的生活方式已经发生了改变，故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Butifthesethingsarequickerandmoreconvenient,they’realsosadderandstrippedofthebareminimumofhumancontactneededtoholdneighbourhoodstogether.(但是如果这些东西更快，更方便的话，它们也会更悲哀，并剥夺了连接社区团结在一起所需的最起码的人际接触。)”可知，在最后一段，作者认为快递服务让我们变得不再相互社交，相互联系了，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Thedownfallofoldservices,andthereversal(反转)oftheconsumptionstyleareaffectingthecitylandscapeatalllevels.(旧服务的衰落和消费方式的反转正在影响着城市的各个层面。)”可知，文章主要讲述了新的服务方式——快递配送给人们带来生活便利的同时，正影响着城市的各个方面，让人们变得懒惰，失去了彼此之间的接触等问题的出现，故文章主要是“对新消费趋势的反思”，故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Festivalsandconcertsdrawhugecrowds,andarepopularwithpeople.Butonceacrowdreachessixorsevenpeoplepersquaremeter,somemaybecrushed(挤压)againsteachothersotightlythattheycannotmove.____16____Thiscangetdangerousveryquickly,sohowcanyouincreaseyourchancesofsurvivalinit?Firstofall,trynottopanicandsaveyourenergy.Panicwillnothelpyoufreeyourselffromadevelopingdisaster.____17____Ifthereisacrowdcrush,you’llneedallthephysicalenergyyoucangather.Andyellingandscreamingwilltireyouout.It’sbesttogowiththeflowwhenthecrowdismovinginonedirection.Ifyoudon’t,thecrowdbehindyoucouldcrushyou.Ifthegroupcrowdstogethertightly,youwillrunoutofairwiththeheavyweightoverchestandtheairwaytoyourlungswillbeblocked.____18____Ifyoufalldowninalargecrowd,trytogetupasquicklyaspossible.____19____Withyourbackcurved(弯曲)forwardsandyourarmsandlegsfoldedinfrontofyourbody,youcanprotectyourheadandnotbeknockedwhenlyingontheground.Crowdcrusheshappenatvarioustypesofgatheringsaroundtheworld.____20____Withsomepreparationandthesuggestionsabove,youcanavoidbeingoneofthepeoplewhodon’tmakeitout.A.Staycalmandfocused.B.Movetoasaferlocation.C.Ifyoucan’t,getintherightposition.D.Buttheyarewhollypredictableandavoidable.E.Expertsrefertosuchanaccidentasacrowdcrush.F.Placeyourhandsonyourchestandmaintainfirmfooting.G.Simplyput,yourbreathingwillbepreventedbecauseofalltheoutsidepressure.【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是在拥挤事故中如何增加生存几率。【16题详解】空前说“Butonceacrowdreachessixorsevenpeoplepersquaremeter,somemaybecrushed(挤压)againsteachothersotightlythattheycannotmove.(但一旦人群达到每平方米六到七个人，有些人可能会挤在一起，挤得动弹不得。)”，空格处应对这种情况进行更多的说明，E选项“Expertsrefertosuchanaccidentasacrowdcrush.(专家们把这种事故称为拥挤事故。)”给空前内容下了定义，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】空前说“Firstofall,trynottopanicandsaveyourenergy.Panicwillnothelpyoufreeyourselffromadevelopingdisaster.(首先，尽量不要惊慌，节省精力。恐慌不会帮助你从一场正在发展的灾难中解脱出来。)”，空格处应说正确的做法，肯定是和恐慌相反的，A选项“Staycalmandfocused.(保持冷静和专注。)”说明了正确的做法，是和恐慌相反的，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】空前说“Ifthegroupcrowdstogethertightly,youwillrunoutofairwiththeheavyweightoverchestandtheairwaytoyourlungswillbeblocked.(如果一群人挤得很紧，你就会因为胸部的重量而耗尽空气，通往肺部的气道就会堵塞。)”，这种说法比较专业，空格处应该对这句话进行诠释，G选项“Simplyput,yourbreathingwillbepreventedbecauseofalltheoutsidepressure.(简单地说，你的呼吸会因为外界的压力而受阻。)”是对空前内容的诠释，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】空前说“Ifyoufalldowninalargecrowd,trytogetupasquicklyaspossible.(如果你在人群中摔倒了，试着尽快爬起来。)”，空后说“Withyourbackcurved(弯曲)forwardsandyourarmsandlegsfoldedinfrontofyourbody,youcanprotectyourheadandnotbeknockedwhenlyingontheground.(背部向前弯曲，双臂和双腿交叠在身体前面，可以保护头部，躺在地上时不会被撞到。)”，因此空格处要说如果爬不起来那就要保持正确的姿势，C选项“Ifyoucan’t,getintherightposition.(如果你做不到，那就找对姿势。)”说明要保持正确的姿势，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】空前说“Crowdcrusheshappenatvarioustypesofgatheringsaroundtheworld.(在世界各地，各种各样的聚会都会发生挤人事件。)”，空后说“Withsomepreparationandthesuggestionsabove,youcanavoidbeingoneofthepeoplewhodon’tmakeitout.(做好准备，并遵循上面的建议，你就可以避免成为没逃脱的人之一。)”，空格处应引起转折，说明虽然有很多这样的事故发生，但是这是可以避免的，D选项“Buttheyarewhollypredictableandavoidable.(但它们是完全可以预测和避免的。)”中But表转折，且说明这些是可以避免的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共二节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ispentyearsstrugglingfinancially---tryingtogetaheadandrealizemydreams.Asachild,Ilearnedwhatitwasliketomakeeverydollarstretch,andwas____21____that,finally,thingswouldbedifferentwhenIgrewup.Butadultingwasn’tquiteaseasyasIhad____22____.Myfinancialcircumstancesgrewmore____23____onceIwasmarriedandhadmychildren.Inmylate20s,myworldturnedupsidedowninjust72hours.MyhusbandDougandIbecame____24____atthesametime.Wewerebothextremelyhardworkers,butwecouldnot____25____adepressedeconomyandthushadnomeanstosupportourfamily.____26____,ourfamilyhadmadeasmartdecisionafewyearsearlierthatsavedusfromdisaster.Ithadtakenustwoyears,butwe____27____tosavea$1,000emergencyfund,whichwas____28____tosixweeksofbills.Inthemeanwhile,we____29____thejobsearchforDoug.Intheend,losingallofourfamily’sincomesourcessuddenlydidnot____30____us.Instead,itmadeus____31____.Myhusbandwentbacktoworktosupportourfamily.Asforme,insteadof____32____frommyproblems,Ipickedmyselfup.I____33____tobethefirstpersoninmyfamilytograduatefromcollegeandbecomeaCPA.Therewasactuallyahidden____34____inthiswholestormforme.Becausemyplanthadcloseddown,Iwaseligible(有资格的)togotoschoolundertheJobTrainingPartnershipAct(JTPA).Now,I’maCEOofiCompassComplianceSolutions.I’malsoverypleasedtobeableto____35____mystoryandmyadvicewithothers.21.A.reminded B.comforted C.encouraged D.convinced22.A.planned B.expected C.proved D.allowed23.A.favourable B.complicated C.difficult D.frightening24.A.unemployed B.sick C.disabled D.penniless25.A.stand B.survive C.resist D.handle26.A.Eventually B.Coincidentally C.Fortunately D.Hopefully27.A.managed B.attempted C.longed D.swore28.A.similar B.related C.equal D.inadequate29.A.wenton B.countedon C.agreedon D.focusedon30.A.unite B.break C.surprise D.release31.A.calmer B.smarter C.stronger D.healthier32.A.hiding B.separating C.excusing D.learning33.A.deserved B.predicted C.struggled D.happened34.A.truth B.problem C.challenge D.benefit35.A.share B.compare C.exchange D.connect【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.C32.A33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小就体验了贫困，本以为长大后，情况会好转，但是结婚有了孩子后，情况更糟糕。幸好他们存了一笔钱作为应急资金，这使她和丈夫在突然同时失业后安然度过了窘迫的日子。后来，作者努力奋斗，上大学，成为注册会计师，一切都好起来了。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我知道每一分钱都省着花是什么感觉，并且深信，最终，当我长大后，情况会有所不同。A.reminded提醒；B.comforted安慰；C.encouraged鼓励；D.convinced使相信。根据下文“Butadultingwasn’tquiteaseasyasIhad____2____.(但长大后的生活并不像我想象的那么容易)”可知，but表明前后转折，说明空处作者相信长大生活就好了，但是，长大后的生活也不像自己想的那样容易。beconvincedthat“相信”，符合句意，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但长大成人后的生活并不像我想象的那么容易。A.planned计划；B.expected期望；C.proved证明；D.allowed允许。结合第一题分析可知，作者相信长大后生活就会变好，但是却发现成人的生活不像自己“期待”的那样好，故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结婚生子后，我的经济状况变得更加困难。A.favourable支持的；B.complicated复杂的；C.difficult困难的；D.frightening令人惊恐的。根据上文“Butadultingwasn’tquiteaseasyasIhad____2____.(但长大后的生活并不像我想象的那么容易)”可知作者成人后生活很不容易，所以作者结婚有了孩子后，经济更“困难”了，故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我丈夫Doug同时失业了。A.unemployed失业的；B.sick生病的，虚弱的；C.disabled残疾的；D.penniless穷困的。根据上文“Inmylate20s,myworldturnedupsidedowninjust72hours.”在我20多岁的时候，我的世界在短短72小时内发生了翻天覆地的变化。以及下文“Wewerebothextremelyhardworkers,butwecouldnot____5____adepressedeconomyandthushadnomeanstosupportourfamily.(我们都是非常努力的员工，但我们无法度过经济萧条，因此没有办法养家糊口。)”可知，作者的生活中出现了很大的转折，而这种转变让他们无法养家糊口，可知，作者和他丈夫同时失业了，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都是非常努力的工人，但我们无法度过经济萧条，因此没有办法养家糊口。A.stand站立；B.survive幸存；C.resist抵制；D.handle处理。由第4题可知，作者夫妇失业了，所以即便夫妻俩工作很努力，但是还是没有幸免于经济危机，依然被裁掉了，故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们家几年前就做出的一个明智的决定，这个决定让我们免于灾难。A.Eventually最后；B.Coincidentally凑巧；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Hopefully满怀希望地。根据此句中的定语从句“thatsavedusfromdisaster(让我们免于了灾难)”，可知，夫妻失业了，经济窘迫，而他们当初的一个决定，让他们免于这常灾难，拯救了他们，所以这是很“幸运的”，故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这用了两年时间，但我们设法存了1000美元的紧急基金，相当于六周的账单。A.managed设法完成；B.attempted尝试；C.longed渴望；D.swore发誓。根据此句句意可知，夫妻俩成功存到了1000美元的紧急基金，managetodo“设法做到某事”，含有成功做到某事的意思，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这用了两年时间，但我们设法存了1000美元的紧急基金，相当于六周的账单。A.similar相似的；B.related相关的；C.equal平等的；D.inadequate不足的。分析句子可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，which代替先行词$1,000emergencyfund，所以此处表达的是这1000美元的紧急基金可以支付六个周的账单，这样就暂时给作者解决了经济困难，让他们可以有时间找工作，想办法。beequalto“等于”，符合句意，故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：与此同时，我们集中精力给Doug找工作。A.wenton继续；B.countedon依靠；C.agreedon同意；D.focusedon专注于。根据上文“MyhusbandDougandIbecame____4____atthesametime.(我和我丈夫同时失业了。)”，可知，我们都失业了，失业后要找工作，此空后的宾语是“thejobsearchforDoug”，表示给丈夫一个人找工作，可知，虽然他们都失业了，但是他们先专注于丈夫找工作的事，故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，突然失去所有的家庭收入来源并没有让我们崩溃。A.unite联合；B.break打破，使奔溃；C.surprise惊讶，惊喜；D.release释放，缓解。作者突然失业，失去了收入来源，根据上文可知，作者他们存下了一笔紧急基金，结合下文“Asforme,insteadof____12____frommyproblems,Ipickedmyselfup.(至于我，我没有逃避我的问题，而是振作起来。)”可知，作者和丈夫这样积极的状态之下并没有被打败，没有奔溃，故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：反而，它让我们更强大。A.calmer更冷静的；B.smarter更聪明的；C.stronger更强大的；D.healthier更健康的。结合上题分析可知，突然的变故没有击垮作者一家，反而让他们更强大。再根据下文“Asforme,insteadof____12____frommyproblems,Ipickedmyselfup.(至于我，我没有逃避我的问题，而是振作起来。)”可知，作者和丈夫这样积极的状态也都证明了这样的变故让夫妻俩更强大，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于我，我没有逃避我的问题，而是振作起来。A.hiding躲避；B.separating分开；C.excusing原