河南省濮阳市普通高中2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

濮阳市普通高中2023—2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.2.Howdidthewomanknowthegoodnews?A.Throughatext.B.Throughane-mail.C.Throughaletter.3.Wherearethespeakers?AIntherestaurant.B.Inthesupermarket.C.Inthekitchen.4.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.20dollars.B.30dollars.C.45dollars.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Playersinthedancingcontest.B.Theresultofthedancingcontest.C.Theexperienceofpracticingdancing.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’swrongwithAileen?A.Shefeelsupset.B.Shehasastomachache.C.Sheissufferingafever.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodonext?A.Gotoseeadoctor.B.Stopeatinganything.C.Buysomefreshmeat.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemancometothepark?A.Toloseweight.B.Tomeetnewfriends.C.Toenjoythefreshair.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheoftencomestothepark.B.Sheisfamiliarwiththeman.C.Sheisworriedabouthershape.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howwillthewomanspendherholiday?A.BytouringaroundSpain.B.Byworkingasawaitress.C.Byhangingoutwithfriends.11.Whydoesthemanworkpart-time?A.Tobuymorebooks.B.Tosavemoneyforcollege.C.Tosaveuptoliveoutside.12.WhatdoesMrsTylerprobablydo?A.Ateacher.B.Alibrarian.C.Arestaurantmanager.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Friends.C.Brotherandsister.14.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouthernewjob?A.Excited.B.Honored.C.Proud.15.Whydoesthewomanfeelupset?A.Thenewenvironmentischallenging.B.Shefailstogetreadyforthenewjob.C.Shewon’tbeabletoattendtohersister.16.Whatdoesthewomanwishtodo?A.Workathome.B.Seehernewbaby.C.MovetoCalifornia.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendoesthespeakergivethespeech?A.Attheendofaterm.B.Atthestartofaterm.C.Inthemiddleofaterm.18.Whichofthefollowingmonth’soutlinehaschanged?A.September’s.B.October’s.C.November’s.19.WhatwastheoriginalduedateforProject3?A.December3.B.December10.C.December17.20.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Students.B.Teachers.C.Museumvisitors.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInternationalShakeOutDayThisYearThisyear’sInternationalShakeOutDayisOctober17,whenmillionsofpeopleworldwidewilltakepartinearthquakedrills(演习)atwork,school,orhome!Itisagreatwayforyourfamilyororganizationtobecomebetterpreparedtosurviveandrecoverquicklyfrombigearthquakes.At10:17am(localtime)on10/17,youcanjoinmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldinpracticingearthquakesafety.Whileweencourageeveryonetotakepart,youcansignupforyourShakeOutdrillforanydayoftheyear,anddrillatatimeofyourchoice.Youcanalsoincludepeopleindifferentlocationsthroughvideos.FINDYOURREGION·Mostparticipants(参与者)areinoneoftheofficialShakeOutRegionslistedbelowthepage(withcurrentsign-uptotals).Peopleandorganizationsinothercountriescanalsosignup.·AllregionstakepartinitonOctober17,2024,unlessspecified.(AsofToday)GlobalTotalsUSTotalsOct.17,2024DrillsOver270,000Over260,000All2024DrillsOver1.10millionOver950,000All2023DrillsOver57.3millionOver19.3millionShakeOutbeganinCaliforniaandhasalsobeenorganizedinmanyotherstatesandcountries.OfficialShakeOutRegionsrequirespeciallocalorregionalcooperation,typicallybyanemergency(紧急情况)managementagencyoraunionofmanyorganizations.IfyouareinterestedinestablishingShakeOutforyourregion,pleasecontactusat.Ifyourstate,province,orcountryisnotyettakingpart,youcansignupforyourselforyourorganizationaspartoftheglobalparticipationtotal.1.Whatisthepurposeoftheactivity?A.Toraisepeople’ssafetyawareness.B.Tostressthechallengesofearthquakes.C.Tohelppeoplegetreadyforanearthquake.D.Towarnpeopleofthedangerofearthquakes.2.Howmanypeopleworldwidetookpartinthedrillsin2023?A.Over270,000. B.Over950,000.C.Over57.3million. D.Over19.3million.3.Whereisthetextfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Abookreview.C.Aguidebook. D.Adiaryentry.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了今年的国际地震演习活动，主要包括其目的、参与方式、参与人数和发展历史等信息。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Itisagreatwayforyourfamilyororganizationtobecomebetterpreparedtosurviveandrecoverquicklyfrombigearthquakes.(对于你的家庭或组织来说，这是一个很好的方法，可以让你更好地准备好从大地震中生存和快速恢复。)”可推知，该活动的目的是通过演习帮助人们为地震做好准备。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FINDYOURREGION部分表格中“All2023Drills(2023年所有演习)”对应的“GlobalTotalsOver57.3million(全球总数：超过5730万)”可知，2023年，全球有超过5730万人参加了演习。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据FINDYOURREGION部分第一点中“Mostparticipants(参与者)areinoneoftheofficialShakeOutRegionslistedbelowthepage(withcurrentsign-uptotals).(大多数参与者都在页面下方列出的官方筛选区域之一(含当前的注册总数))。”可推知，该文章来自一个网站页面。故选A项。BNewYearhasmanyinterestingstories,andhereisoneofthemtoldbyaTikToker.Theoriginalposterworksasaschoolteacher,andeveryNewYear,shetriestobringjoytoherstudents.Thistime,itturnedoutespeciallygreatand5.8millionviewsontheoriginalvideoisthebestconfirmationofthis!Theteacher’smotherlovestoknit(针织)andinvitedherdaughtertoplayalittlegamewiththestudents.OnNewYear’sEve,theoriginalposterinvitedtheschoolchildrentodrawforthemselvesthe“winterhatoftheirdreams”.Everyonedidso,butnooneevendoubtedwhatwouldhappennext.Thekidseagerlydrewcutehats,andtheteacher’smommadetheirimaginationcometrue.Itturnedoutamazinglygreat,andthevideooftheteacherstartingtohandouthatstotheclasswentevenmoreviral(走红的),collectinganunbelievable50.4millionviewsandcounting.Thelargemajorityofpeopleinthecommentsgavethisteacherthebestpraise—andtoherwonderfulmomaswell.Afterall,assomecommentshavepointedout,noteveryoneactuallyrealizeshowmuchwork,timeandlovegoesintothesesmallhats.“Hatsofftoyourmom,she’samazing!”oneofthecommenterswrote.Andpeoplealsobelievethatinourtimeitisabsolutelypricelesswhenateacherreallyputstheirsoulintotheeducationalprocess.Peopletrulydon’trealizethatthisistheteaching.Passion(激情),deeploveandhardworkcharacterizethisprofession.“Thankyoutoyouandyourmom!”—perhapsthiswasthebestcomment,andweshouldonlyjoininthegratitude.ItisanotherwonderfulNewYearstory,anotherexpressionofcareandkindness.4.Whatdoestheteachertrydoingtoherstudents?A.Helpingthemout. B.Brighteningtheirlives.C.Rewardingtheirefforts. D.Encouragingthemtostudy.5.Whocameupwiththeideaofknittinghatsforthekids?A.Theteacher. B.Thestudents.C.Theteacher’smother. D.Oneofthecommenters.6.What’stheattitudeofmostpeopletowardstheteacher’saction?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Confused. D.Unclear.7Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressthroughthestory?A.Thenatureofeducationislove.B.Alwaysprepareforarainyday.C.Teachkidsaccordingtotheirinterests.D.Doingone’sbestmeansoneshouldneverstoptrying.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个教师和她的母亲在新年期间为学生们编织梦想的冬帽的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Theoriginalposterworksasaschoolteacher,andeveryNewYear,shetriestobringjoytoherstudents.”（原帖作者是一名学校教师，每到新年，她都试图给她的学生带来快乐。）可推知，教师试图给她的学生带来快乐，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theteacher’smotherlovestoknit(针织)andinvitedherdaughtertoplayalittlegamewiththestudents.”（教师的母亲喜欢编织，并邀请她的女儿和学生们玩一个小游戏。）根据第三段“theteacher’smommadetheirimaginationcometrue.”（老师的妈妈让他们的想象变成了现实。）可推知，是教师的母亲提出为孩子们编织帽子的想法，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thelargemajorityofpeopleinthecommentsgavethisteacherthebestpraise—andtoherwonderfulmomaswell.”（评论中的大多数人都给了这位教师最好的赞扬，也赞扬了她的母亲。）可知，大多数人对教师的行动持支持态度，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Peopletrulydon’trealizethatthisistheteaching.Passion(激情),deeploveandhardworkcharacterizethisprofession.”（人们真的没有意识到这就是教学。激情，深深的爱和辛勤的工作是这个职业的特征。）可推知，作者想通过这个故事表达的是教育的本质是爱，故选A。CIfyouweretoliftupthekeysofyourkeyboard,andtakealookbelow,you’dprobablybemetwithaterriblescene.“Wecleanourhomesbutmostofusneverthinktocleanourkeyboards,”RebeccaPark,anadvancedpracticenurse,says.“Ourkeyboardscanactuallyholdhighlevelsofbacteria(细菌),”Parksays.“Themostcommonbacteriathatarefoundonourkeyboardstendtoliveonourskin,mouth,andnose.Thesearethencarriedtoourkeyboards,usuallybyourhands.”Andaccordingtoonestudy,thisismorelikelywhenmanypeopleusethesamekeyboard,andeachbringstheirownbacteriatothetable.Thatsaid,touchingbacteria-coveredsurfacesalldaylong,andthentouchingyourface,canimpactyourskin.“Dirtyelectronicdevicesareacommoncauseofmoreacne(粉刺)breakouts,”DrYoramHarthexplains.Inanotherstudy,researcherscollectedsamples(样本)from300keyboardsandfoundthatallofthemhadbacteria.“Theauthorsconcludedthatthepresenceofinfective(感染性的)bacteriaontheseobjectsindicatesthattheymightbeacauseforthespreadofskininfections,”Harthsays.“Similaroverloadsofbacteriawerealsofoundonsmartphonetouchscreensandcomputermiceandheadphones.”It’snotsomethingyounecessarilyhavetothinktoomuchabout,butitneverhurtstobeawareofsurfaceswithbacteria,andtakeafewextrapreventionsteps.“Agoodwaytopreventthespreadofinfectionfromyourkeyboardsistowashyourhandsbeforeandafterusingthecomputer,”Parksays.“Soapywateriseffectiveenoughtokillmostbacteria.”Dothis,andyouwon’tcarryasmuchbacteriatoyourkeyboard,andthenbacktoyourface,andsoistheopposite.Itcanalsoensureyouwon’tbecloggingyourkeyswithbitsfromfood,especiallyifyougetrightbacktotypingaftereatinglunch.8.Whatdothetwostudiesfind?A.Mostpeoplenevercleantheirkeyboards.B.Mostofthebacteriaonthekeyboardsareharmless.C.Mostacnebreakoutsarerelatedtothekeyboarduse.D.Mostelectronicdeviceshavebacteriaontheirsurfaces.9.Whichwayissuggestedinthetexttoavoidthespreadofbacteria?A.Cleanthekeyboardwithsoapywater.B.Washhandsafterusingthecomputer.C.Weargloveswhenusingthecomputer.D.Avoideatingbeforeusingthecomputer.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clogging”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Blocking. B.Improving. C.Destroying. D.Replacing.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UsefulTipsonChoosingaProperKeyboardB.PracticalWaystoProtectYourselffromBacteriaC.WhatYouShouldKeepinMindAboutInfectionD.WhatHappensWhenYouDon’tCleanYourKeyboard【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍我们使用的键盘可能会容纳很多细菌，如果长时间不清理，细菌会感染我们的皮肤，并给出预防细菌传播的一些建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Andaccordingtoonestudy,thisismorelikelywhenmanypeopleusethesamekeyboard,andeachbringstheirownbacteriatothetable.Thatsaid,touchingbacteria-coveredsurfacesalldaylong,andthentouchingyourface,canimpactyourskin.“Dirtyelectronicdevicesareacommoncauseofmoreacne(粉刺)breakouts,”DrYoramHarthexplains.(根据一项研究，当许多人使用同一个键盘时，这种情况更有可能发生，每个人都把自己的细菌带到桌子上。)”和第四段“Inanotherstudy,researcherscollectedsamples(样本)from300keyboardsandfoundthatallofthemhadbacteria.“Theauthorsconcludedthatthepresenceofinfective(感染性的)bacteriaontheseobjectsindicatesthattheymightbeacauseforthespreadofskininfections,”Harthsays.(在另一项研究中，研究人员从300个键盘上收集样本，发现它们都有细菌。哈思说：“作者得出的结论是，这些物品上感染细菌的存在表明它们可能是皮肤感染传播的原因。”)”可知两项研究都表明大多数电子设备的表面都有细菌。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Agoodwaytopreventthespreadofinfectionfromyourkeyboardsistowashyourhandsbeforeandafterusingthecomputer,”Parksays.“Soapywateriseffectiveenoughtokillmostbacteria.”(帕克说：“防止键盘感染传播的一个好方法是在使用电脑前后洗手。”“肥皂水足以杀死大多数细菌。”)”可知，防止键盘感染传播的方法是使用电脑前后都要洗手。故选B。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段““Agoodwaytopreventthespreadofinfectionfromyourkeyboardsistowashyourhandsbeforeandafterusingthecomputer,”Parksays.“Soapywateriseffectiveenoughtokillmostbacteria.”(帕克说：“防止键盘感染传播的一个好方法是在使用电脑前后洗手。”“肥皂水足以杀死大多数细菌。”)”可知，使用电脑前洗手，可以杀灭大多数细菌，根据最后一段“Dothis,andyouwon’tcarryasmuchbacteriatoyourkeyboard,andthenbacktoyourface,andsoistheopposite.Itcanalsoensureyouwon’tbecloggingyourkeyswithbitsfromfood,especiallyifyougetrightbacktotypingaftereatinglunch.(这样做，你就不会把那么多细菌带到你的键盘上，然后回到你的脸上，反之亦然。它还可以确保你不会被食物残渣你的键盘，尤其是当你吃完午饭后马上回去打字的时候。)”中的“yourkeyswithbitsfromfood”推断，空处应该指“食物残渣堵塞键盘”，所以clogging意为“堵塞”和blocking同义。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“Ifyouweretoliftupthekeysofyourkeyboard,andtakealookbelow,you’dprobablybemetwithaterriblescene.“Wecleanourhomesbutmostofusneverthinktocleanourkeyboards,”RebeccaPark,anadvancedpracticenurse,says.(如果你举起你的键盘键，看看下面，你可能会遇到一个可怕的场景。高级实习护士丽贝卡•帕克(RebeccaPark)表示：“我们会打扫房间，但大多数人从未想过要清洁键盘。”)”可知文章主要讲述我们使用的键盘可能会容纳很多细菌，如果长时间不清理，细菌会感染我们的皮肤，并给出预防细菌传播的一些建议。D选项“不清理键盘会发生什么”能总结文章的主题，适合作标题。故选D。DYouknowthatshortwalktotheshopsandback?It’sabout10minuteseachwayandyoudon’tknowifyoucanbegladtomakethetrip,butthatoneshortwalkcouldsaveyoufromanearlydeath,anewresearchbyCambridgeUniversityshows.Infact,asmanyasonein10earlydeathscouldbepreventedifeveryonemanagedatleasthalftherecommendedlevelofphysicalactivity.Risksofdiseasessuchasheartdisease,strokes(中风)—whichwereresponsiblefor17.9milliondeathsperyearin2019—andvariouscancersareallreducedwiththissimpleshortwalk.ThiseasylifestylechangewasalsonotedinanearlierstudyinJanuary,2023,soyoureallyshouldgiveitago.Bycarryingoutstudiesamongatotalofover30millionparticipants,thelatestCambridgeresearchfoundthatjust75minutesofexerciseaweekcanreducetheriskofcancerby7%.Itwasalsoenoughtoreducetheriskofdevelopingcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseby17%.ProfessorJamesWoodcockfromtheMRCEpidemiologyUnitsaid,“Weknowthatphysicalactivity,suchaswalkingorcycling,isgoodforyou,especiallyifyoufeelitraisesyourheartrate.Butwhatwe’vefoundisthattherearemanybenefitstohearthealthandreducingyourriskofcancerevenifyoucanonlymanage10minuteseveryday.”Itgoeswithoutsayingthatdoingtherecommended150minutesperweekismorebeneficialthanjust75minutes.Aroundoneinsixearlydeathswouldbepreventedwiththetwoplushoursofexercise,while11%ofcasesofcardiovasculardiseaseand5%ofcasesofcancerwouldbeavoided.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Bootsweremadeforwalking.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thesimplicityofashortwalk.B.Thereasonforpeople’sdeath.C.Thebenefitsofdoingexercise.D.Thechangeinpeople’slifestyle.13.WhatdoProfessorJamesWoodcock’swordsmean?A.Walkingcanalwaysraisepeople’sheartrate.B.Peopleneedatleast75minutes’exerciseaday.C.Physicalactivityisnotthatnecessaryforpeople.D.10minutes’exerciseadaycanmakeadifference.14.Howdoestheauthormainlysupporthisideainthetext?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bydescribingtheprocesses. D.Byreferringtopreviousresearches.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadvisepeopletoexercise. B.Touncoverthesecretsofhealth.C.Toremindpeopleofsomediseases. D.Tocomparedifferentwaysofexercise.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是短暂的散步对健康的益处，以及科学研究对此的证实。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Risksofdiseasessuchasheartdisease,strokes—whichwereresponsiblefor17.9milliondeathsperyearin2019—andvariouscancersareallreducedwiththissimpleshortwalk.”（心脏病、中风（2019年每年导致1790万人死亡）和各种癌症等疾病的风险都可以通过这种简单的短途行走来降低。）可推知，第二段主要讲述的是做运动的好处。故选C【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中JamesWoodcock教授的话“Weknowthatphysicalactivity,suchaswalkingorcycling,isgoodforyou,especiallyifyoufeelitraisesyourheartrate.Butwhatwe’vefoundisthattherearemanybenefitstohearthealthandreducingyourriskofcancerevenifyoucanonlymanage10minuteseveryday.”（我们知道，像走路或骑自行车这样的体育活动对你有好处，特别是如果你觉得它能提高你的心率。但我们发现，即使你每天只能做10分钟的运动，也有许多对心脏健康和降低癌症风险的好处。）可推知，每天10分钟的运动就可以带来改变。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Risksofdiseasessuchasheartdisease,strokes—whichwereresponsiblefor17.9milliondeathsperyearin2019—andvariouscancersareallreducedwiththissimpleshortwalk.”（心脏病、中风（2019年每年导致1790万人死亡）和各种癌症等疾病的风险都可以通过这种简单的短途行走来降低。）根据第三段“just75minutesofexerciseaweekcanreducetheriskofcancerby7%.Itwasalsoenoughtoreducetheriskofdevelopingcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseby17%.”（每周只需75分钟的锻炼就可以将癌症的风险降低7%。它还足以将发展心血管疾病的风险降低17%。）根据最后一段“Itgoeswithoutsayingthatdoingtherecommended150minutesperweekismorebeneficialthanjust75minutes.Aroundoneinsixearlydeathswouldbepreventedwiththetwoplushoursofexercise,while11%ofcasesofcardiovasculardiseaseand5%ofcasesofcancerwouldbeavoided.”（不用说，每周锻炼150分钟比仅仅锻炼75分钟更有益。大约六分之一的早期死亡可以通过两个多小时的锻炼来避免，而11%的心血管疾病和5%的癌症病例可以避免。）可知，作者主要是通过列数字支持他的观点的。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段“Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Bootsweremadeforwalking.”（那你还在等什么？靴子是用来走路的。）是对全文的总结，可以推断，作者写作该篇文章的目的是建议人们进行锻炼。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouhaveagoalyouwanttoachievebeforeyournextbirthday?Orbytheendofthedecade,perhaps?Weoftenhearabouttheimportanceofsettinggoals.____16____Wemaythinkofthesegoalsasthekeytoourhappiness—achievethemandeverythingwillbeperfect.____17____You’vethought,“Isthatit?”Or,“Nowwhat?”Thatfeelinghasaname“arrivalfallacy(到达谬论)”—themisunderstandingthatreachingourgoalswillbringuslastinghappiness.Whetherit’sanewjob,owningyourdreamhomeoranythingelse—theremightbesomejoyatfirst,butifyou’reexperiencingarrivalfallacy,thatmaybefollowedbyemptinessandpressuretoachievesomethingnew.____18____Andachievingourgoalsisenoughtomakeushappy?Notalways.Accordingtoexperts,wemightbeoverestimating(高估)thehappinessthatsuchachievementswillbring.AndsocialscientistAdamDorrsaysweoftenmakethemistakeofimaginingourgoalasafixedobject,whenit’sjustpartoftheprocessoflife.Anotherdifferentideaexplainsthatarrivalfallacydoesn’tmeanweshouldn’tsetourselvesgoals—infact,weneedthemtohelpgiveourlivesfocus.Aswellaslargethings,ourgoalsshouldincludemanysmallthings,likehelpingoutmorearoundthehouseorspendingmoretimewithfamily.____19____Ifwereallywanttobeatarrivalfallacy,wealsohavetoworkoutwhatmakesushappy.____20____Toomanyofusspendoursparemomentsonsocialmediaandpaylessattentiontowhoandwhatisaroundus.A.Sowhydoesthishappen?B.Eventhinkingofthemhelpstocheerusup.C.However,noteveryoneagreeswiththisidea.D.Achievingourgoalsusuallytakeslotsofeffort.E.Theyaresmallbutimportantandtheydon’tjustend.F.Buthaveyoueverreachedagoalwithoutfeelinghappy?G.Andspendingtimewithpeoplewecareaboutisoftennumberoneforhappiness.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章主要讨论了“到达谬论”的概念，即认为达到目标会带来持久幸福的误解。文章建议，除了追求大目标外，我们还应该关注生活中的小事，并思考真正让我们快乐的因素。【16题详解】根据前文“Weoftenhearabouttheimportanceofsettinggoals.

(我们经常听说设定目标的重要性。)”可知，我们经常听说设定目标的重要性。B选项“Eventhinkingofthemhelpstocheerusup.(甚至是想到它们也能让我们振作起来。)”中的them指代前文的goals，形成呼应即当我们听到目标的时候就会让我们振奋起来，该选项符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据前文“Wemaythinkofthesegoalsasthekeytoourhappiness—achievethemandeverythingwillbeperfect.(我们可能认为这些目标是我们幸福的关键——实现它们，一切都会变得完美。)”以及后文“

Thatfeelinghasaname“arrivalfallacy(到达谬论)”—themisunderstandingthatreachingourgoalswillbringuslastinghappiness.(这种感觉被称为“到达谬误”——一种误解，认为达到目标会给我们带来持久的幸福。)”可知，前文提出实现目标给我们带来的好处，后文提出了“到达谬误”这一相反观点。由此可知，设空处应该与上一段构成转折关系，引出本段“到达谬误”的话题。F选项“Buthaveyoueverreachedagoalwithoutfeelinghappy?(但是你是否曾经达到一个目标却没有感到快乐？)”符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据前文“Whetherit’sanewjob,owningyourdreamhomeoranythingelse—theremightbesomejoyatfirst,butifyou’reexperiencingarrivalfallacy,thatmaybefollowedbyemptinessandpressuretoachievesomethingnew.(无论是一份新工作，拥有你梦想中的房子还是其他任何事情，一开始可能会有一些快乐，但如果你经历了“到达谬误”，那么随之而来的可能是空虚和实现新事物的压力。)”可知，此处强调无论是新工作还是其他任何事情，最初都会让自己有一些喜悦，可是如果正在经历“到达谬误”，随之而来可能是空虚的感受。后文应该对此进行解释。A选项“Sowhydoesthishappen?(为什么会这样呢？)”对上述现象提出质疑。同时根据下文“Accordingtoexperts,wemightbeoverestimating(高估)thehappinessthatsuchachievementswillbring.

(据专家称，我们可能高估了这些成就将带来的快乐。)”对前文的现象做出解释，A选项符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】根据前文“Aswellaslargethings,ourgoalsshouldincludemanysmallthings,likehelpingoutmorearoundthehouseorspendingmoretimewithfamily.(除了大事，我们的目标还应该包括很多小的事情，比如在家里多帮忙，或者花更多的时间和家人在一起。)”可知，此处强调除了大事，我们应该也要从小事着手。E选项“Theyaresmallbutimportantandtheydon’tjustend.(它们虽小但很重要，它们不会就此结束。)”中的they指代前文的smallthings，承接前文，符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】根据前文“Ifwereallywanttobeatarrivalfallacy,wealsohavetoworkoutwhatmakesushappy.(如果我们真的想打败“到达谬论”，我们还必须弄清楚是什么让我们快乐。)”可知，此处强调为了解决“到达谬误”我们必须要弄清楚什么让我们快乐。G选项“Andspendingtimewithpeoplewecareaboutisoftennumberoneforhappiness.(花时间和我们关心的人在一起往往是幸福的第一要素。)”承接前文，makeushappy与forhappiness形成呼应，指出花时间和关心的人在一些就是能够让我们快乐的事，该选项符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GrowingupinBethlehemPennsylvania,OliverJamesunderstandsthepowerofwords.Hisinabilitytoreadandwriteheldhim____21____fromsuccessforyears.In2020,Jamesdecidedtomakea____22____andstartedtoteachhimselfhowtoread.Then,in2022,hestartedaTikTokaccountto____23____hisreadingjourney.Alongtheway,Jameshas____24____millionswithhisstoriesaboutsuccessandstruggles.His____25____oftenfeaturehimreadingaloudfromthelatestbookoffhismust-readlist.Letterbyletter,wordbyword,James’____26____ledhimtospeakoutabouttheimportanceofliteracy(识字)toabroadaudience,whichledtoapodium(讲台)inWashington,inOctober2023toreadanacceptance____27____fortheBarbaraBushNationalLiteracyHonorsAward.Jamestalkedabouthis____28____beforetheeventwithPeopleMagazine,mainlyaboutreadinghisspeechfromateleprompter(提词器).“Iwasnervous,”hesaid.“ButknowingthatIwasabouttospeakinfrontofallthosepeoplewas____29____.ItwasanexperiencethatI’llnever_____30_____.”Inarecentinterview,Jamessaidthatnowhe_____31_____readsbedtimestoriestohis1-year-oldsonatnight.Healsohopesthatashe_____32_____improvinghisreadingandwriting,hecangrowhisinspirationalspeakingcareer(事业)toencourageothersto_____33_____theirdreams,nomatterhowdifficultitis.“ItfeelslikeIfoundmy_____34_____inlife,”hesaidintheinterview.“I’mfinally_____35_____theworld.”21.A.on B.back C.up D.out22.A.living B.wish C.comment D.change23.A.share B.receive C.design D.discover24.A.confused B.inspired C.frightened D.cured25.A.cartoons B.examinations C.videos D.interviews26.A.promise B.support C.failure D.effort27.A.speech B.report C.research D.letter28.A.anger B.pride C.anxiety D.honor29.A.exciting B.natural C.familiar D.tough30.A.regret B.forget C.expect D.select31.A.gradually B.formally C.regularly D.obviously32.A.begins B.avoids C.considers D.continues33.A.design B.follow C.check D.prove34.A.power B.method C.purpose D.source35.A.contributingto B.lookinginto C.benefitingfrom D.meetingwith【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自宾夕法尼亚州伯利恒的奥利弗·詹姆斯在2020年自学了如何阅读，克服了阅读和写作的困难。他于2022年开始在TikTok上分享他的旅程，用他的成功和挑战的故事激励了数百万人。他的努力使他开始谈论识字的重要性，最终在2023年10月获得了芭芭拉·布什国家识字荣誉奖。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他不会读写，多年来一直妨碍他取得成功。A.(hold)on抓住；B.(hold)back阻碍；C.(hold)up举起；D.(hold)out坚持。根据上文“Hisinabilitytoreadandwrite”可知，他不会读写，多年来一直妨碍他取得成功，固定短语holdback意为“阻碍，妨碍”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020年，詹姆斯决定做出改变，开始自学阅读。A.living生计；B.wish愿望；C.comment评论；D.change改变。根据上文提到的詹姆斯不会读写，以及下文“andstartedtoteachhimselfhowtoread.”由此可知，此处应表示詹姆斯决定做出改变，开始自学阅读。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在2022年，他开设了一个TikTok账户来分享他的阅读之旅。A.share分享；B.receive接受；C.design设计；D.discover发现。根据空前的“hestartedaTikTokaccount”以及空后的“hisreadingjourney”由此可知，此处应表示他开设了一个TikTok账户来分享他的阅读之旅。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路走来，詹姆斯用他的成功和奋斗的故事激励了数百万人。A.confused使困惑；B.inspired激励；C.frightened使害怕；D.cured治愈。根据下文“hecangrowhisinspirationalspeakingcareer(事业)toencourageothersto____13____theirdreams,nomatterhowdifficultitis.”由此可知，此处应表示一路走来，詹姆斯用他的成功和奋斗的故事激励了数百万人。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的视频经常以大声朗读他必读清单上最新的书为特色。A.cartoons卡通；B.examinations考试；C.videos视频；D.interviews采访。根据上文“hestartedaTikTokaccount”可知，他经常在视频中大声朗读他必读清单上最新的书。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个字母接一字母，一个词接一个词，詹姆斯的努力让他向广大观众说出了识字的重要性，这让他在2023年10月在华盛顿的一个讲台上宣读了芭芭拉·布什国家识字荣誉奖的获奖感言。A.promise承诺；B.support支持；C.failure失败；D.effort努力。根据语境以及下文“ledhimtospeakoutabouttheimportanceofliteracytoabroadaudience”由此可知，此处应表示詹姆斯的努力让他向广大观众说出了识字的重要性。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个字母接一字母，一个词接一个词，詹姆斯的努力让他向广大观众说出了识字的重要性，这让他在2023年10月在华盛顿的一个讲台上宣读了芭芭拉·布什国家识字荣誉奖的获奖感言。A.speech演说，发言；B.report报道；C.research研究；D.letter信。根据下文“mainlyaboutreadinghisspeechfromateleprompter(提词器).”可知，他在2023年10月在华盛顿的一个讲台上宣读了芭芭拉·布什国家扫盲荣誉奖的演说，获奖感言。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯在接受《人物》杂志采访时谈到了他在活动前的焦虑，主要是关于从提词器上读他的演讲。A.anger愤怒；B.pride骄傲；C.anxiety焦虑；D.honor荣誉。根据下文““Iwasnervous,”hesaid.”由此可知，詹姆斯在接受《人物》杂志采访时谈到了他在活动前的焦虑。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但想到自己即将在这么多人面前演讲，我感到很兴奋。A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.natural自然的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.tough艰难的。根据上文内容以及But可知，此处表示转折，即虽然他感到焦虑，但想到即将在这么多人面前演讲是很令人兴奋的。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一次我永远不会忘记的经历。A.regret后悔；B.forget忘记；C.expect期待；D.select选择。根据语境以及该句中的“ItwasanexperiencethatI’llnever”由此可知，此处应表示这是一次令詹姆斯永远不会忘记的经历。故选B项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在最近的一次采访中，詹姆斯说现在他经常在晚上给他1岁的儿子读睡前故事。A.gradually渐渐地；B.formally正式地；C.regularly经常；D.obviously明显地。根据下文“readsbedtimestoriestohis1-year-olds