山东省青岛市2025届高三英语统一质量检测试题含解析

PAGE21-山东省青岛市2025届高三英语统一质量检测试题（含解析）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOur3-daytouralongtheSouthCoasthasitall!Stunninglandscapes,theGoldenCircle,icecaves,theJokulsarlonIcebergLagoonandNorthernLightswatching.Onthewayweseewaterfalls,volcanoes,floatingicebergs,cliffs,blacksandbeaches,geysers,hotspringsandsomuchmore.ThereareevenoptionsforaglacierhikeoravisittotheSecretLagoon,andduringthesummermonthsyoucanaddaboattouronJokulsarlonGlacierLagoon.Included:Reykjavikpick-up&drop-off,minibustour,Englishguidance,2nightsaccommodation,glacier-hiking/ice-cavingequipment,superjeeprideforsomekm,specializedguidetoicecaveentrancefeesandnorthernlights(dependingonconditions,visiblefromSept-Apr).Notincluded:Foodisnotincludedonthistourexceptforbreakfasts.Theboattripontheglacierlagoonisanoptionalextra(availableinthesummermonths).Thissellsoutveryfast,sowerecommendyoubookitwhenyouarrangeyourtour.Bringwithyou:Warmoutdoorclothing,waterproofjacketandpants,headwearandgloves.Goodhikingbootsareessential.Note:Youcanalwaysrentstronghikingboots,waterproofjacketandpantsinthebookingprocess.IceCaveinformation:Ourmaincaveis"CrystalIceCave",butifitisinaccessiblewewillvisitanothercave.Duringthesummermonths(Apr-Oct),wegototheKatlaIceCave.Iftheicecaveisinaccessible,wedoaglacierhikeinstead.Drop-offinformation:Wedropyouoffatyourhotelsometimebetween16:00-19:00ondaythree,dependingonweatherandroadconditions.Contactus:Ifyouhaveaquestionaboutthistouryoucanusethecontactformherebelow.Ifyouhaveageneralinquiry(cancellations,feedback,reschedule,etc.)pleaseclickhere.1.Whatshouldyoupayextramoneyforduringthetrip?A.Minibustour. B.Glacierhiking.C.Entrancefees. D.Lunch..2.Ifyouwanttohaveaboattrip,you_A.canmakeitallyeararound B.don'tneedtopayextramoneyC.mustbuywaterproofjackets D.hadbetterbooktheticketsinadvance3.Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom?A.Ahealthnewspaper. B.Asciencefiction.C.Atravelwebsite. D.Aprojecthandbook.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一个为期三天、沿着南部海岸的旅行，以及关于旅行支配的具体信息、留意事项和联系方式等。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章中的“Notincluded:Foodisnotincludedonthistourexceptforbreakfasts.”（不包含项目：本次旅行不包含除了早餐之外的食物。）可知，午餐须要额外付钱。故选D。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章中“Theboattripontheglacierlagoonisanoptionalextra(availableinthesummermonths).Thissellsoutveryfast,sowerecommendyoubookitwhenyouarrangeyourtour.”（冰川泻湖上的游船是可选择的额外项目，仅在夏季供应。这个项目销售很快，因此我们建议您在支配旅行时进行预定。）可知，假如想要体验游船，最好先提前订票。故选D。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据“Our3-daytouralongtheSouthCoasthasitall!Stunninglandscapes,theGoldenCircle,icecaves,theJokulsarlonIcebergLagoonandNorthernLightswatching.”（我们沿着南部海岸进行的为期3天的旅行无奇不有！令人惊羡的景观、金色的圆圈、冰洞、Jokulsarlon冰山泻湖和北极光。）及下文的关于旅行的信息，联系方式等，可知，本文是一个关于旅行的广告，因此最可能来自旅游网站。故选C。BInrecentyears,stressed-outpeoplelivingincitieshavebeenseekingprotectioningreenspacesfortheprovenpositiveimpactsonphysicalandmentalhealth,butthebenefitsof"bluespace"-theseaandcoastline,butalsorivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,evenfountains-arelesswelladvertised,yetthesciencehasbeenconsistentforatleastadecade:beingbywaterisgoodforbodyandmind.＂Manyoftheprocessesareexactlythesameaswithgreenspace-withsomeaddedbenefits,"saysDrMathewWhite,aseniorlecturerattheUniversityofExeter.Whitesaystherearethreeestablishedpathwaysbywhichthepresenceofwaterispositivelyrelatedtohealthandhappiness.First,therearethebeneficialenvironmentalfactors,suchaslesspollutedairandmoresunlight.Second,peoplewholivebywatertendtobemorephysicallyactive.Third-andthisiswherebluespaceseemstohaveanadvantageoverothernaturalenvironments-waterhasapsychologicalrecoveryeffect.Whenyouaresailing,surfingorswimming,saysWhite,＂you'rereallyinstepwithnaturalforcesthere."CatherineKellyisawellnesspractitionerwhoteachesclassesin"mindfulnessbythesea”.Shesaystheseahasaqualitythatcanmakepeoplethoughtful.＂Togototheseameanslettinggo"saysKelly."Itcouldbelyingonabeachorsomebodyhandingyouacocktail.Forsomebodyelse,itcouldbeawild,emptycoast.Butthereisthisreallyhumansenseof:'Oh,look,there'sthesea-andtheshouldersdrop."4.Whyarebluespaceslesspopularthangreenspaces?A.Becausegreenspacesaregoodtopeople'shealth.B.Becauselittleresearchhasbeendoneonbluespaces.C.Becausegreenspaceshavemorebenefitsthanbluespaces.D.Becausethebenefitsofgreenspacesarebetteradvertised.5.WhereisbluespacesuperiortoothernaturalenvironmentsaccordingtoWhite?A.Wherethere'swater,there'sfreshair.B.Peoplelivingnearwaterarehealthier.C.Watercanhelppeoplerestorementalhealth.D.Theseacanmakepeoplelostindeepthought.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Theseawillbringyouloneliness.B.Theseawillhurtyourshoulder.C.Theseawillputyouatease.D.Theseawillmakeyoufeeldown.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Peopleincitiesprefergreenspaces.B.Bluespaceshelpbothphysicallyandmentally.C.Greenspaceshavebeenoutofdate.D.Waystokeepushealthy.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了探讨表明水对人的身体和精神健康好处以及具体有什么好处。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“stressed-outpeoplelivingincitieshavebeenseekingprotectioningreenspacesfortheprovenpositiveimpactsonphysicalandmentalhealth,butthebenefitsof"bluespace"arelesswelladvertised”（生活在城市的压力大的人们始终在绿色空间寻求爱护，因为其对身体和精神健康的主动影响已经被证明白，但是蓝色空间的好处没有被好好地宣扬。）可知，蓝色空间没有绿色空间受欢迎的缘由是没有宣扬好。故选D。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Third-andthisiswherebluespaceseemstohaveanadvantageoverothernaturalenvironments-waterhasapsychologicalrecoveryeffect.”（第三—这好像是蓝色空间比其他自热环境有优势—水有精神治愈的作用。）可知，据White所说，蓝色空间比其他自然环境好在水能帮助人们复原精神健康。故选C。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段内容和其中的关键句“Togototheseameanslettinggo”（去海边意味着放下。）可以推想，大海可以使你感到放松。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。本文共五段，第一段引入话题：科学表明水对人的身体和精神有好处；后四段讲解并描述两位学者的观点，具体说明水（蓝色空间）对人的身体和精神健康哪些好处。故选B。CKevinRandall,ateacher,whoteachesbiologyatGrandvilleHighSchool,runstheenvironmentalclubatthehighschool,whichhasaround2,000students.TheclubisknownastheGHSGreenTeam,anditaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability(持续性).Italsoworksonprojectstoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself.Oneoftheclub'srecentprojectsfocusedonreducingwasteintheschoolcafeteria.Randallsaidtheircafeteriasupervisortoldthemthattheschoolwentthrough54,000plasticforkseveryyear.Theclubappliedforafinancialhelp,builtrecyclingcentersforthecafeteria,andpurchasedmetalsilverware.Andnoweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables.(一次性用品),“andthat'sjustonewaywe'retryingtocapturethelow-hangingfruit,ifyouwill,"Randallsaid.TheeffortsofRandallandhisstudentshaveearnedGrandvilleHighSchooltheMichiganGreenSchoolcertificationfromthestate.Inadditiontotheirworkreducingwasteinthecafeteria,theGHSGreenTeamhasalsobuiltagardenwithflowersandvegetablesoncampus,andleadscleanupsonsiteandoutinthecommunity.Overtheyears,Randallandhisstudentshavealsobeenworkingonraisingmoneytoinstallsolarpanels(太阳能板)ontheroofofthehighschool.Randallsaidhewasmotivatedtotaketheleadonenvironmentalissuesforhisschoolbecausehewantedhisstudentstohavesomeonetoturntointhebuildingwhounderstandswhat'satstake(利害攸关）whenitcomestoclimatechange.＂AndIalsofeltlikeIneededtodomoreinmylifeformyowntwochildrenathome,"Randalladded,"Theyneedtoknowthattheirdadisworkingashardashecantoreducetheeffectsofclimatechange,andtospreadtheword,andtomakesurethatotherstudentsouttherearelearningaboutthisjustthewaytheyareathome."8.WhatisthepurposeoftheGHSGreenTeamclub?A.Toinspirestudents'loveforbiology.B.Tofinishtheprojectsassignedbyschool.C.Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs.D.Topromoteenvironmentalprotection.9.What'stheresultoftheprojectonschoolcafeteria?AIthaschangedtheoutlookofthecafeteria.B.Studentscanhavemorefruitsinthecafeteria.C.Plasticforksarenolongerusedinthecafeteria.D.Theschoolhasbecomefamousnationwide.10.What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theclassificationoftheprojects.B.Thecharacteristicsoftheclub.C.Theactivitiesorganizedbytheclub.D.Thefutureoftheclub.11.WhatwasRandall'saimbydoingtheworkonenvironmentalissues?.A.Toeducatetheyoung.B.Togetmaterialrewards.C.Toamusehischildren.D.Tomakehimselffamous.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述了KevinRandall老师在学校组织了一个环保俱乐部，带领学生进行环境爱护相关的活动及成就，提高学生环境爱护意识的故事。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“itaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability(持续性).Italsoworksonprojectstoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself.”（它旨在增加学生们和老师们关于可持续发展的意识。它也致力于削减建筑本身的环境面积的项目。）可知，theGHSGreenTeamclub的目的在于促进环境爱护。故选D。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Andnoweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables.(一次性用品),”（现在每个学生都运用耐用的金属餐叉或勺子，而不是一次性餐具。）可知，学校餐厅项目的结果是餐厅不再运用塑料餐具。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。依据第四段内容，“Inadditiontotheirworkreducingwasteinthecafeteria,”、（除了他们削减餐厅废物的垃圾的工作，）“theGHSGreenTeamhasalsobuiltagardenwithflowersandvegetablesoncampus,”、（theGHSGreenTeam还在校内里建立了有鲜花和蔬菜的花园）“Randallandhisstudentshavealsobeenworkingonraisingmoneytoinstallsolarpanels(太阳能板)ontheroofofthehighschool”，（兰德尔和他的学生也始终在筹集资金为了在中学屋顶安装太阳能电池板）可知第四段的主要介绍了这个俱乐部组织的活动有哪些。故选C。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“becausehewantedhisstudentstohavesomeonetoturntointhebuildingwhounderstandswhat'satstake(利害攸关）whenitcomestoclimatechange.”（因为他想要让他教学楼里的学生能够变成理解气候改变的利害相关的人。）可知，Randall的目的在于教化年轻人。故选A。DHybridcarsarecarsthatrunonbothpetrolandelectricity.Theyhaveasmallstandardpetrolengineandabatteryandelectricmotortoprovideelectricpower.Therearesomedifferencesbetweendifferentmodelsofhybridcars,butthegeneralprincipleisthatthecarrunsonpetrol,andtheelectricmotorkicksinwhenadditionalpowerisrequired,forexamplewhengoinguphilloraccelerating.Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded,forexamplewhenthecarhasstoppedattrafficlights,keepingonlytheelectricenginerunning.Conventionalcarshavelargeenginestocopewithdrivinguphillandaccelerating.Mostofthetime,thishighenginecapacityisnotneeded,buttheenginecontinuesburningupfuel.Hybridcarshavemuchsmallerpetrolengines,boostedbyelectricmotorswhenneeded,sotheyuselesspetrol.Hybridcarsarealsolighterandaerodynamically(空气动力学的）designedforgreaterfuelefficiency.Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof"regenerativebraking(刹车）＂。Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.Theenergyproducedbytheslowingcaristransformedintoelectricalpower,whichisautomaticallystoredinthebattery.Ineffect,thebatteryrechargeswhenyoubrake.Inconventionalcarstheenergyproducedwhenbrakingiswasted.Carmanufacturersandengineershavebeenexperimentingwithelectricandhybridcarssincethelate19thcentury.In1928FerdinandPorschebuiltanexperimentalhybridcarthatusedbothaninternalburningengineandelectricmotors.Thefirstmass-producedhybridcar,theToyotaPrius,cameoutinJapanattheendof1997.However,HybridcarsbecameavailableintheUSAonlyin1999,whentheHondaInsightwentonsale.Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcarsarecheapertorun.Therearealsomanyinitiativesinplacetoencouragepeopletobuythem.Insomecountries,hybridcarownerspayalowerrateoftax,anddon'thavetopayoncertaintollroads(收费马路）。Insomecitiesaroundtheworld,hybridcarsareallowedtoparkforfree.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Hybridcarsdon'tneedpetrolanymore.B.Petrolengineandelectricmotorworkalltheway.C.Hybridcarsmainlydependonelectricpowertorun.,D.Somehybridcarpetrolengineswillquitwhenunnecessary.13.WhichisNOTthereasonwhyhybridcarsconsumelessenergy?A.Smallerpetrolengines.B.Scientificdesign.C.Conventionalbrakes.D.Energystorage.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Hybridcarsarecheapertobuy.B.Hybridcarownersdon'thavetopaytax.C.Hybridcarownersdon'tneedtopayparkingfee.D.Hybridcarswillhaveabrightfuture.;15.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toadvertisehybridcars.B.Tointroducehybridcars.C.Tocompareconventionalcarsandhybridcars.D.Toinformthedevelopmentofhybridcars.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了混合动力车的概念，优势，发展历史，以及各地一些关于混合动力车的政策。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded,”（在一些混合动力中，汽油发动机在不须要的时候会自己关闭。）可知，一些混合动力车汽油发动机在不必要的时候会停止运行。故选D。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof“regenerativebraking(刹车)”。Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.”（另一种削减燃料消耗的方式是通过“再生制动”系统。这个电动机是用来使车减速，而不是传统的刹车。）可知，传统的刹车不是混合动力车消耗较少的缘由。故选C。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段内容：混合动力车运用起来花费更便宜因为它们运用更少的燃料。很多地方发出了激励人们购买混合动力车的倡议。在某些国家，混合动力车缴纳更少的税，并且在一些收费马路上不必支付费用。在世界各地的一些城市中，混合动力车允许免费停车。可知混合动力车有一个光明的将来。故选D。【15题详解】推理推断题。本篇文章主要介绍了混合动力车的概念，优势，发展历史，以及各地一些关于混合动力车的政策，可推想作者写这篇文章的目的是为了向我们介绍混合动力车。故选B。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.___16___Solet'stryasimplethoughtexperiment.Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.___17___Maybeyou'dpickupahobby,orhavemorechildren,orlearntorelaxandenjoyyourselfintheadditionalleisure.ButwhatifItoldyouthatyouwouldn'tdoanyofthosethings:Youwouldjustworktheexactsameamountoftimeasbefore.___18___Buttherearesimplereasonsforthis.Bettertechnologymeanshigherexpectations-andhigherexpectationscreatemorework.Formostofhistory,humanswereforcedtosufferfromtheirowndirtyandunpleasantsubstances.Mostfamilies'clotheswerewashedtwiceayear.Thefleetofhouseworktechnologiesthatcameintotheworldsuddenlybetweenthelate-19thandmid-20thcenturycreatednewnorms(标准）ofcleanliness－forourfloors,ourclothes,ourselves.___19___Automaticwashersanddryersraisedourexpectationsforcleanclothesandencouragedpeopletogooutandbuynewshirtsandpants;housewivesthereforehadmoreloadsoflaundrytowash,dry,andfold.Inshort,technologymadeitmucheasiertocleanahouseto1890sstandards.___20___Theywantedamodernhome-withdustlesswindowsills(窗台）andshinyfloors-andthisdustlessshinyrequireda40-to-50-hourworkweek,evenwiththeassistanceofmoderntools.A.Youarewastingyourtime.B.Thismightseemimpossible.CNewnormsmeantmorework.D.Whatwouldyoudowiththeextratime?E.Thatmeansyoucanhavemoretimetorelax.F.Everybodyisbusy,burnedout,overloaded.G.Butbymid-century,Americansdidn'twantthatoldhouse.【答案】16.F17.D18.B19.C20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了为什么技术不断发展，人还是越来越忙的缘由。【16题详解】依据上一句“Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.”（关于现代生活的一个真相是没人有时间。）可推想，接下来应当讲为什么人没有时间，承接上文。故选F。【17题详解】依据上文内容“Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.”（想象一下你拥有一套奇妙的、新的、能够使你工作自动化或者促进你的工作的技术。）和下文“Maybeyou'dpickupahobby”（或许你会起先学习一个爱好。）此空承上启下，故推想询问：这些额外的时间你会做什么。故选D。【18题详解】上文说到：假设你的工作自动化了或效率提高了，你还会和之前工作的时间一样长。此空应当表达不信任、不合理、不行能发生的意义。故选B。【19题详解】依据下文内容：自动洗衣机和甩干机提高了我们清洁衣服的期望，激励了人们购买更多的衣服，于是家庭主妇有了更多的衣服要洗，甩干，整理。再结合上文提到家务技术创建了新标准，推想此空含义为：新的标准带来了更多的工作。故选C。【20题详解】依据上一句：科技使清洁房子达到1890年的标准更简单了；以及下文介绍的他们想要的房子的样子。再结合文章大意，随着科技的进步，标准的提高，人的要求也随之变高。推想此空指他们不想要达到90年头标准的旧房子。故选G。其次部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thevictimswerecarriedinonebyone,theirpawsandfurburned,sufferingfromdehydration(脱水）andfear.Theircaretakers___21___theirwounds,and___22___theminbasketswiththeonlythingthatwas___23___theleavesofeucalyptus(桉树）tree.Asmiserablefireshave.___24___morethan2millionacresinAustralia,onlydozensofkoalashavebeen___25___fromthesmokytreesand___26___ground.Koalas,unlikekangaroos,birdsorsnakes,donot___27___.fromfiresbutinsteadclimbtreestothetop,wheretheycancurlthemselvesintoaballfor___28___andwaitforthedangerto___29___Butduringbigfiressuchasthosethathaveburnedinrecentweeks,theanimalsarefarlesslikelyto___30___Evenifthefireitselfdoesnotreachthetree___31___,theanimalsmayoverheatandfalltotheground,wheretheycanbeburnedtodeath.Thetoughsituationofthekoalahasraised___32___amongscientistsandconservationists(环保主义者）。Whilekoalashavedevelopedtoexistalongsidethewildfires,theyarefacingnew___33___,notjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment,whichhasdislocatedKoalas'populations,___34___theirabilitytosurvivefires.Wehavethese___35___animalsnotfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet,andwearekillingthem.Thisisabigwake-upcall.21.A.touched B.treated C.ignored D.discovered22.A.threw B.locked C.laid D.forced23.A.familiar B.plentiful C.beautiful D.expensive24.A.reached B.left C.burned D.trapped25.A.killed B.recognized C.hurt D.rescued26.A.flat B.black C.broad D.safe27.A.escape B.die C.suffer D.rise28.A.balance B.protection C.challenge D.comfort29.A.attack B.come C.pass D.avoid.30.A.jump B.climb C.fall D.survive31.A.top B.leaves C.trunk D.root32.A.passion B.concern C.fear D.interest33.A.chances B.choices C.neighbors D.threats34.A.weakening B.developing C.enriching D.ensuring35.A.lonely B.stupid C.lazy D.unique【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述澳大利亚的一场大火造成很多动物受伤，其中考拉伤亡严峻，这次火灾警示世人爱护动物。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的护理人员治疗它们的伤口。A.touched触摸；B.treated治疗；C.ignored忽视；D.discovered发觉。由上文可知它们被火烧伤了，依据关键词caretakers，可知是对伤口进行治疗。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：把它们当心地放入带有唯一熟识的东西—桉树的叶子的篮子里。A.threw扔；抛；B.locked锁上；C.laid（尤指轻轻地或当心地）放置，安放，D.forced强迫。它们受伤了，医护人员治疗后会当心地放入篮子里。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把它们当心地放入带有唯一熟识的东西—桉树的叶子的篮子里。A.familiar熟识的；B.plentiful足够的；丰富的；C.beautiful漂亮的；D.expensive昂贵的。由下文可知这些受伤的动物是考拉，故它们对桉树的叶子是熟识的。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于凄惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾充满的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A.reached到达；B.left离开；C.burned燃烧；D.trapped困住。由miserablefires可知是燃烧。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于凄惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾充满的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A.killed杀死；B.recognized辨别出；C.hurt损害；D.rescued营救。由上文护理人员治疗考拉，可知是考拉从大火中被营救。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于凄惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾充满的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A.flat平坦的；B.black黑色的；C.broad宽敞的；D.safe平安的。由上文可知，火灾特别严峻，树木烟雾充满，大地被烧焦，因此是黑色的。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以爱护自己，然后等待危急过去。A.escape逃脱；B.die死亡；C.suffer受苦；D.rise上升。由下文可知，考拉爬到树顶爱护自己，因此说它们不像袋鼠，鸟类或者蛇那样能从火灾中逃脱。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以爱护自己，然后等待危急过去。A.balance平衡；B.protection爱护；C.challenge挑战；D.comfort舒适。在火中，它们爬上树顶，蜷缩成一团是为了爱护自己。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以爱护自己，然后等待危急过去。A.attack攻击；B.come来；C.pass结束；D.avoid.避开。考拉不像袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇那样逃脱，它们只能爬上树顶，蜷缩成团，等着火灾的结束。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：动物存活的可能性很小。A.jump跳；B.climb爬；C.fall落下；D.survive存活。由下文可知，即使火没有烧到树顶，动物们也会因为过热掉落到地上，被烧死。所以是很难存活。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使大火没有烧到树顶。A.top顶；B.leaves叶子；C.trunk树干；D.root根。由前文可知，考拉是爬到树顶躲避大火。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考拉的艰难境况引起了科学家和环保主义者的担忧。A.passion热忱；B.concern担忧；C.fear胆怯 ；D.interest爱好。考拉的遭受了火灾，科学家和环保主义者应当是担忧的。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管考拉从这场野火中存活下来，它们还面临新的威逼，不止是来自气候改变，也来自人类的发展，这扰乱了考拉的种群，减弱了它们从大火中存活的实力。A.chances机会；B.choices选择；C.neighbors邻居；D.threats威逼。上文提到的野火对考拉来说是生存的威逼，可知下文提到气候改变，人类发展是它们面对的新的威逼。故选D。【34题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：不止是来自气候改变，也来自人类的发展，这扰乱了考拉的种群，减弱了它们从大火中存活的实力。A.weakening减弱；B.developing发展；C.enriching使丰富；D.ensuring确保。由上文可知，人类的发展是考拉新面对的威逼，带来的是不好的影响，因此是减弱了生存的实力。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们拥有这些独一无二的、在这个星球任何其它地方都找不到的动物。A.lonely可爱的；B.stupid愚蠢的；C.lazy懒散的；D.unique独一无二的。由下文“notfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet”，可知是独一无二的。故选D。其次节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。About1.4billionpeoplearoundtheworlddonotgetenoughphysicalexercise.Thisnumbercomes___36___theUnitedNations'WorldHealthOrganization(WHO).AnewWHOreportwarnsthatalackofexercise___37___(great)increasestheriskofhealthproblems.TheWHOsaysthenewstudyisthefirst___38___(estimate)physicalactivitytrendsaroundtheworldovertime.Thereportsaidthelevelsofphysicalinactivityaremorethantwotimesashighin___39___(wealth)countriesastheyareincountrieswherepeopleearnlowwages.Inrichercountries,peoplearemorelikelytospendtime___40___（sit)inoffices.Howmuchactivityshouldweget?Tostayhealthy,thereport___41___(suggest)thatpeopledoatleast150minutesofmoderate(适中的）physicalactivityor75minutesofintensephysicalactivityeveryweek.Ifyouworkinahigh-riseofficebuilding,takethestairsinsteadofanelevator.Takemore___42___(break)duringtheworkdayandmovearound.Ifyourworkplaceoffers___43___gym,makesuretouseit.Italsourgesgovernmentstoprovideandcareforinfrastructure(基础设施），suchasbetterand___44___(safe)roads.Thiswouldhelpsupportincreasedwalking___45___cyclingfortransportation,aswellassportsandphysicalrecreation.【答案】36.from37.greatly38.toestimate39.wealthy40.sitting41.suggests42.breaks43.a44.safer45.and【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了联合国世界卫生组织的一篇报道，报道指出全球14亿人缺乏熬炼，并针对如何保持健康提出建议。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：这个数字来自联合国世界卫生组织。固定短语comefrom意为“来自”。故填from。【37题详解】考查副词。副词修饰动词，此空修饰动词increases，因此把形容词great变为副词greatly。故填greatly。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。the加序数词加todo不定式。故填toestimate。【39题详解】考查形容词。形容词修饰名词作定语。此空修饰空后的名词countries，应用形容词，因此将名词wealth变成形容词wealthy。故填wealthy。【40题详解】考查动名词。固定短spendtimedoingsth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故填sitting。【41题详解】考查主谓一样。主语thereport是单数，谓语动词suggest应用单三形式。故填suggests。【42题详解】考查名词复数。前面定语为more，意为更多的，后接名词复数。故填breaks。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：假如你工作的地方会供应一个运动场地。表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。【44题详解】考查形容词的比较级。and是连词，表并列关系，and前是better，形容词比较级，则and后也应当是比较级。故填safer。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：这将有助于支持增加步行和骑自行车的交通方式，以及体育和体育消遣。此处walking和cycling是并列关系。故填and。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校近期成立了“孔子思想探讨”网上俱乐部（Confucianismonlineclub).你的挚友Tom对中国文化很感爱好，请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他加入该俱乐部。留意：1.词数80字左右；2.可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearTom:KnowingthatyouareextremelykeenonChineseculture,I’mmorethandelightedtowritetoyouwiththeintentionofinvitingyoutojoinintheConfucianismonlineclubestablishedbyourschoolrecently.Theclubpossessesvariouscharacteristics.Firstofall,weholdregularsessions,studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.What’smore,professorsrelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thusprovidingclubmemberswithavastoftraditionalknowledge.AsfarasI’mconcerned,theclubisofgreatsignificanceandhelpforyoutogainabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationintoconsiderationseriously.Ihavetheconfidencethatyouwillmakegreatprogress.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.YoursLiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给挚友写一封邀请信，邀请他加入“孔子思想探讨”网上俱乐部。【详解】第一步：明确要求。本篇书面表达要求写一封邀请信，那么依据题目要求，可把本文分为3段。第一段写写邀请信的目的和缘由。其次段写“孔子思想探讨”网上俱乐部的优势和加入的好处。第三段写自己希望挚友仔细考虑和等待回复。其次步：列关键词。如“bekeenon，withtheintentionof,hasaprofoundinfluenceon,traditionalknowledge,take…intoconsideration，makegreatprogress”。第三步：连词成句。依据列出的关键词造句，留意主谓一样，时态语态等语法。第四步：连句成文。留意运用恰当的连词进行句子之间的连接与过渡，如“Firstofall，What’smore”。书写肯定要规范清楚，保持整齐美观的卷面是特别重要的。【点睛】本文逻辑清楚，语言美丽。写作词汇积累可参考关键词部分。本文运用的高级句型有：非谓语动词作状语：KnowingthatyouareextremelykeenonChineseculture,I’mmorethandelightedtowritetoyouwiththeintentionofinvitingyoutojoinintheConfucianismonlineclubestablishedbyourschoolrecently.定语从句：studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.其次节：读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Onespringmorningmanyyearsago,IhadbeenprospectingforgoldalongCohoCreek.AsIemergedfromaforest,Ifrozeinmytracks.Nomorethan20pacesawayinthebog(泥塘）wasahugeAlaskantimberwolf-caughtinoneofTrapperGeorge'straps.OldGeorgehaddiedthepreviousweekofaheartattack,sothewolfwaslucky.Confusedandfrightenedatmyapproach,thewolfbackedaway,pullinghardonthetrapchain.ThenInoticedsomethingelse:Itwasafemale,andherteats(奶头）werefullofmilk.Somewheretherewasaden(窝）ofhungrypupswaitingfortheirmother.Fromherappearance,Iguessedthatshehadbeentrappedonlyafewdays.Thatmeantherpupswereprobablystillalive.ButIsuspectedthatifItriedtoreleasethewolf,shewouldturnaggressiveandtrytotearmetopieces.SoIdecidedtosearchforherpupsinsteadandbegantolookforincomingtracksthatmightleadmetoherden.Fortunately,therewerestillafewremainingpatchesofsnow.Thetracksledahalfmilethroughtheforest,andIfinallyspottedtheden.Therewasn'tasoundinside.Wolfpupsareshyandcautious,andIdidn'thavemuchhopeoftrickingthemoutside.ButIhadtotry.SoIbegancopyingthesqueak(吱吱声）ofamotherwolfcallingheryoung.Noresponse.Afewmoments,later,afterItriedagain,fourtinypupsappeared.Iextendedmyhands,andtheytentatively(摸索性地）suckledatmyfingers.Perhapshungerhadhelpedovercometheirnaturalfear.Then,onebyone,Iplacedtheminabagandheadedback.Whenthemotherwolfspottedme,shestoodstraight.Possiblypickingupthescent(气味）ofheryoung,sheletoutasorrow-strickencrying.Ireleasedthepups,andtheyracedtoher.Withinseconds,theywereslurp