2021-2022学年北京市平谷区高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2021-2022学年北京市平谷区高一上学期期末考试英语试题注意事项1．本试卷共10页，包括四部分，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2．在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5．考试结束，请将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。SamandLightningTwenty-oneyearsago,myhusbandgavemeadognamedSam.Later,whenwewereinNewJersey,ourneighboraskedusifwewouldlikeacat.Wewerealittle____1____thatSamwouldfeelangry,butwedecidedtoriskit.Wepickedalittle,grey,playfulcat.Shewasvery____2____andracedaroundasifshewererunningafterimaginarymiceandjumpedfromtabletochairintheblinkofaneye,sowenamedherLightning.Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiousofeachotherandkepttheirdistance.Slowly,however,Lightningstartedto____3____Samupthestairs,downthestairs,intothekitchentowatchhimeat,andintothelivingroomtowatchhimsleep.Astimepassed,theywerealwaystogether.WhenIplayedwithone,theother____4____.IfSambarkedatsomething,Lightningranto____5____whatitwas.WhenItookeitheroneoutofthe____6____,theotherwasalwayswaitingbythedoorwhenwereturned.Butoneday,withoutanywarning,Samdiedofaheartattackatthevet'sandIhadtowalkbacktoourhouse____7____.Therewasnowayformeto____8____whyLightningwouldneverseeherfriendagain.Inthedaysthatfollowed,Lightningseemedheartbroken.Shecouldnottellmeinwordsthatshewas____9____,butIcouldseethesufferingsinhereyes.Astheweekswentby,thecat's_____10_____seemedtobelessening.OnedayIhappenedtofindLightningwassleepingwithherbestfriend'sstatue,withonearmwrappingthestatue'sneck.1.A.worried B.pleased C.annoyed D.surprised2.A.shy B.active C.quiet D.silent3A.pull B.touch C.knock D.follow4.A.wentout B.stoodup C.joinedin D.brokeaway5.A.smell B.see C.tell D.ask6.A.hospital B.house C.nest D.family7.A.alone B.together C.cheerfully D.quickly8.A.explain B.count C.argue D.call9.A.anxious B.nervous C.sad D.happy10.A.doubt B.wish C.wound D.sorrow【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C5.B6.B7.A8.A9.C10.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述宠物猫“闪电”和宠物狗Sam之间的友谊，当宠物狗Sam死了之后，猫很伤心。当发现宠物狗的雕像时，小猫很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们有点担心Sam会生气，但我们决定冒险一试。A.worried着急的，担心的；B.pleased高兴的；C.annoyed生气的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据后文“Samwouldfeelangry”可知，大家都担心领养一只小猫，小狗Sam会生气。故选A。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常活跃，跑来跑去，就像在追逐想象中的老鼠一样，眨眼之间就从桌子跳到椅子上，所以我们给她取名为“闪电”。A.shy害羞的；B.active积极的，活跃的；C.quiet安静的；D.silent沉默的。根据后文“jumpedfromtabletochairintheblinkofaneye”可知，因为小猫眨眼间从桌子跳到椅子上，由此可知，小猫非常活跃。故选B。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，“闪电”开始慢慢地跟着Sam上楼梯，下楼梯，进厨房看他吃饭，进客厅看他睡觉。A.pull拉；B.touch触摸；C.knock敲击；D.follow跟随。根据后文“upthestairs,downthestairs,intothekitchentowatchhimeat”可知，小猫“闪电”会到处跟着小狗Sam。故选D。【4题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我和其中一个玩时，另一个也加入进来。A.wentout出去；B.stoodup起立；C.joinedin加入；D.brokeaway脱离。根据前文“Astimepassed,theywerealwaystogether.”可知，因为小猫“闪电”和小狗Sam总是在一起，所以作者和其中一个玩耍时，另一个也会加入进来。故选C。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果Sam冲着什么东西吠叫，“闪电”就会跑去看是什么。A.smell闻到；B.see看见；C.tell告诉；D.ask问。根据前文“IfSambarkedatsomething”可知，小狗Sam狂叫时，小猫“闪电”会去看看是什么。故选B。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我把其中一个带出家门时，当我们回来时，另一个总是在门口等着。A.hospital医院；B.house房屋；C.nest巢穴；D.family家庭。根据后文“theotherwasalwayswaitingbythedoorwhenwereturned.”可知，因为是一个被带出家，另一个在家门口等着。故选B。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，在没有任何预兆的情况下，Sam突发心脏病在兽医诊所去世了，我不得不独自走回我们的家。A.alone孤独地；B.together一起；C.cheerfully愉快地；D.quickly快速地。根据前文“Samdiedofaheartattackatthevet's”可知，因为Sam突发心脏病在兽医诊所去世了，所以作者不得不独自走回家。故选A。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法解释为什么“闪电”再也见不到她的朋友了。A.explain解释；B.count计数；C.argue争论；D.call呼叫。根据前文描述可知，因为Sam突然死去，所以作者无法向小猫“闪电”解释。故选A。【9题详解】考查形容词。句意：她无法用言语表达她的悲伤，但我能从她的眼中看到痛苦。A.anxious着急的；B.nervous紧张的；C.sad悲伤的；D.happy开心的。根据前文“Inthedaysthatfollowed,Lightningseemedheartbroken.”可知，Sam去世了，小猫“闪电”很伤心。故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个星期过去了，猫的悲伤似乎减轻了。A.doubt怀疑；B.wish希望；C.wound伤口；D.sorrow悲伤。根据前文“Inthedaysthatfollowed,Lightningseemedheartbroken.”可知，随着时间的推移，小猫“闪电”对朋友的悲伤随着时间的流逝，慢慢减轻了。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。HomeworkorVideoGamesBradlovestoplayvideogames.Oneday,Brad____11____(get)homefromschoolandhismomaskedhimifhehadhomework.Hedid,____12____hethoughtaboutsayingnobecausehewanted____13____(play)hisgames.Thenhechangedhismind.Hethought,“IfItellalie,Iwillnot____14____(believe)byothersanymore.”Sohedidhishomeworkfirstandthenplayedtwogamesbeforedinner.Heknowsitisbesttobehonest.【答案】11.got12.but13.toplay14.bebelieved【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Brad在选择做作业还是玩游戏之间不确定时，他决定先写作业，再玩游戏，做个诚实的好孩子。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：一天，Brad放学回家，他妈妈问他是否有家庭作业。此处并列连词and连接两个并列句，由后一句的谓语动词asked可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填got。【12题详解】考查连词。句意：他做了家庭作业，但他想说不，因为他想玩他的游戏。前文说他做了作业，但内心想玩游戏，前后是转折关系，需用连词but。故填but。【13题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他做了家庭作业，但他想说不，因为他想玩他的游戏。wanttodosth.想要做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填toplay。【14题详解】考查语态。句意：他想：“如果我说谎，别人就不会再相信我了。”结合主语I和谓语动词believe是被动关系以及空后文“byothersanymore”可知，此处表示不会被别人信任，所以空处需用一般将来时的被动语态：willbedone。故填bebelieved。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。YuanLongpingisagreatChinesehero____15____isknownas"fatherofhybridrice".Yuanspenthislife____16____(research)riceandeveryoneknowshisnameinChina.Itwasinthe1970swhenYuandevelopedhybridrice,whichmadehimfamousbothathomeandabroad.____17____(unfortunate),YuanpassedawayonMay22,2021attheageof91.Forthewholeworld,hispassingisagreatloss.MayGrandpaYuanrestinpeace.【答案】15.who##that16.researching17.Unfortunately【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了袁隆平的故事。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：袁隆平是一位伟大的中国英雄，被称为“杂交水稻之父”。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是hero，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who或that。【16题详解】考查动名词。句意：袁世凯一生都在研究大米，他的名字在中国家喻户晓。固定搭配spendtime(in)doingsth.“花时间做某事”，省略介词in时，为现在分词作伴随状语。故填researching。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，袁隆平于2021年5月22日去世，享年91岁。空处需用副词作状语修饰空后整个句子，unfortunate的副词为unfortunately“不幸地”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。IsEnglishaneasylanguagetolearn?Itactually____18____(depend)onhowyoulearnit.IfyouwishtospeakandwritegoodEnglish,itisimportanttolearnandunderstandEnglishgrammar.Then,readinghelpsEnglish____19____(learner)greatly,especiallyintheunderstandingofgrammarandsentence.Makinggooduseofdictionariesisagoodwaytoincreaseyourvocabulary.Therearealsomanywebsites____20____theInternetthatteachesEnglishfreeofcharge.Sojustfeelfreetoenjoythebenefitsfromthewebsites.【答案】18.depends19.learners20.on【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何学好英语的方法。【18题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这实际上取决于你如何学习。本文给我们介绍学好英语的方式，谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填depends。【19题详解】考查名词的数。句意：其次，阅读对英语学习者大有帮助，尤其是在语法和句子的理解方面。此处泛指所有的英语学习者，空处需用名词复数。故填learners。【20题详解】考查介词。句意：在互联网上也有许多网站免费教英语。在互联网上，需用介词on。故填on。第二部分阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）ATalkingTeensoftenreceivessomeletters.Someofthemareinteresting,butsomearenot.HerearesomeletterstoTalkingTeens.DearTalkingTeens,Ihaveadaughterwhohasjuststartedseniorhighschool.Shewantstochooseherowncoursesanddecideeverythingbyherself.Inthepast,shewouldalwaysaskmeforadvice.Butnowshetalkstoherfriendsinstead.Whydoesn'tshewantmyadviceanymore?Bestregards,ConfusedMumDearTalkingTeens,Mysonis16andwantstogetagirlfriend.Ithinkheistooyoungandshouldfocusonschoolinstead.HesaysthathisfriendshavegirlfriendsandthatIambeingtooold-fashioned.Isheright?Yourstruly,Old-schoolDadDearTalkingTeens,Mysonwillbe15yearsoldnextweek.Iwanttogivehimsomethingspecial,butIhavenoideawhattobuy.Itusedtobeeasytoknowwhatheliked.Nowitseemslikewedon'thavethesametasteanymore.Pleasehelp!Sincerely,LovingFatherDearTalkingTeens,Mydaughterwantstostudyabroad,butIthinksheistooyoung.Sheisonly14.Besides,itwouldcostalotofmoneytosendhertoaschoolinanothercountry.Ithinksheshouldfinishseniorhighschoolfirst,andthenmaybestudyabroadwhensheisinuniversity.Whatdoyouthink?BestwishesMuminYunnan21.Amotherisconfusedbecause________.AherdaughterdoesnotaskherforadviceB.hersonwantstogetagirlfriendC.hersondoesn'thavethesametasteasherD.herdaughterasksforalotofmoney22.Whowantstobuyabirthdaypresentforhis/herchild?A.Aconfusedmum. B.AmuminYunnan.C.Alovingfather. D.Anold-schooldad.23.Accordingtothetext,TalkingTeensgivesadviceto________.A.students B.parents C.children D.teachers【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了TalkingTeens四位家长的来信。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butnowshetalkstoherfriendsinstead.Whydoesn'tshewantmyadviceanymore?(但现在她和她的朋友聊天。她为什么不再需要我的建议了?)”可知，这位母亲感到困惑，因为她的女儿不向她寻求建议。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Mysonwillbe15yearsoldnextweek.Iwanttogivehimsomethingspecial,butIhavenoideawhattobuy.Itusedtobeeasytoknowwhatheliked.Nowitseemslikewedon'thavethesametasteanymore.(我儿子下星期就15岁了。我想送他一些特别的东西，但又不知道该买什么。过去很容易知道他喜欢什么。现在看来我们的品味已经不一样了。)”可知，这位有爱心的父亲在为送孩子什么礼物而犯愁，由此可知，一位有爱心的父亲想要给儿子买生日礼物。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一封信的落款“ConfusedMum(困惑的母亲)”，第二信中“Old-schoolDad(老学校父亲)”，第三封信中“LovingFather(有爱心的父亲)”和第四封信中“MuminYunnan(一会来自云南的母亲)”可知，这四封信都是父母们的求助信；由此可知，TalkingTeens是给父母们提供建议的专栏。故选B。BOnedayrecently,LaurieFenbywasshoppingatagaragesaleinRochesterNewYorkandasshewasleaving,shefoundawalletontheground.LaurielookedinsideandfoundaJamaican(牙买加人的)driver’slicense,someAmericancashandsomeJamaicancash.Shetriedalltheusualwaystofindtheman,whosenamewasGeorge.Shecouldn’tfindhimthroughGoogleorFacebookandthensheaskedforsuggestionsthroughNextdoor,acommunitywebsite.Lauriereceivedalotofideasandresponses-someofthemwerenotsopositive.ButoneladyadvisedhertocontactalittlestorethatisknowntohavemanyJamaicanmigrantworkersasclients.Lauriecalledthestoreandfoundthatyes,indeed,therewassomeonenamedGeorgewholosthiswallet.LauriesuggestedthatthestoreownercontactGeorgeandhavehimcallher.WhenGeorgecontactedherhewasabletoidentifyeverythinginthewalletandLauriewasabletoreturnit.Butitdidn’tstopthere.LaurieaskedGeorge,“Whatdoyouandthemigrantworkersneed?”Hesaidtheyneedsomewarmclothes.Laurieimmediatelycontactedthecommunityandwasabletoorganizeaclothingdrive.Shereceivedlotsofcoats,jackets,shoesandothersupplies.RecentlyLauriemetGeorgeandtheothermigrantworkersinRochester,andshejoinedthemtopickapplestogether.TheyweresothankfultoLaurieandherfriends-andnoneofthiscommunitybuildingorfriendshipwouldhavehappenedifthewallethadstayedinGeorge’spocket.24.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanknowLaurieFenby________.A.workedatagarage B.lostawalletwhileshoppingC.knewmanyJamaicanworkers D.triedmanywaystofindGeorge25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Gather. B.Select. C.Search. D.Tell.26.WhatkindofpersonisLaurieFenby?A.Brave. B.Caring. C.Strict. D.Polite.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswhatLaurieFenbydid?A.Worried. B.Surprised. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】24.D25.D26.B27.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了LaurieFenby归还钱包并帮助了失主的善举。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据前两段的主要内容，尤其第二段的“Shetriedalltheusualwaystofindtheman,whosenamewasGeorge.（为了找到那个叫乔治的男人，她用尽了所有常用的方法）”可知，根据前两段我们可以知道LaurieFenby尝试了很多方法来找到George。故选D。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文“andLauriewasabletoreturnit（Laurie把它还了回去）”和常识可知，Laurie还钱包的前提是，钱包的主人乔治可以确认这个钱包里所有的东西。所以identify是“确认，识别，认出”的意思，与tell同义。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“LaurieaskedGeorge,“Whatdoyouandthemigrantworkersneed?”Hesaidtheyneedsomewarmclothes.Laurieimmediatelycontactedthecommunityandwasabletoorganizeaclothingdrive.（Laurie问乔治：“你和那些外来务工人员需要什么?”他说他们需要一些暖和的衣服。Laurie立即联系了社区，并组织了一场衣物捐赠活动。）”可知，Laurie不仅花功夫将钱包送还，还帮助了他们解决了他们的急需，可推断出她是一个体贴有爱心的人。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“noneofthiscommunitybuildingorfriendshipwouldhavehappenedifthewallethadstayedinGeorge’spocket.（如果钱包还在乔治的口袋里，这些社区建设和友谊都不会发生）”可推断，作者对于Laurie的善举很是赞赏。故选C。CThesedays,footballisoneofthemostpopularsportsintheworld.ConsideringthatNeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon,wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld!ThehistoryofthegamegoesbackovertwothousandyearstoancientChina.Itwasthenknownascuju(kickball),agameusingaballofanimalskinswithhairinside.Goalswerehungintheair.FootballasweknowittodaystartedinGreatBritain,wherethegamewasgivennewrules.Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.Itisalsoagamethatisverycheaptoplay.Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags,justlikePeledidwhenhewasaboy.Anotherfactorbehindfootball'sglobalpopularityisthecreativityandexcitementonthefield.Itisfunenoughtoattractmillionsofpeople.Youdonothavetobeafantorecognisetheskillofprofessionalplayers-howtheyusetheirbodiestopass,scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee-ortofeeltheexcitementofagameendingwithasurprisingtwist.What'smore,footballhasbecomeoneofthebestwaysforpeopletocommunicate.Itdoesnotrequirewords,buteveryoneunderstandsit.Itbreaksdownwallsandbringspeopletogetheronandoffthefield.Take,forexample,thefamousfootballgameonChristmasDay1914,WorldWarIhadbrokenoutmonthsbefore,butBritishandGermansoldiersputdowntheirgunsandplayedfootballtogether-onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict."Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath..."saidBillShankly,thefamousfootballerandmanager."Icanassureyouitismuch,muchmoreimportantthanthat."Thismightsoundfunny,butoneonlyhastothinkabouttheearthtorealisethatourplanetisshapedlikeafootball.28.Aboutthedevelopmentoffootball,weknowthat________.A.thehistoryoffootballdatesbacktoancientChinaB.NeilArmstrongoncetookafootballtothemoonC.thegoalofancientfootballwasfixedonthegroundD.therulesoffootballhaveneverbeenchanged29.Accordingtothetext,footballispopularbecause________.A.PeleplayedfootballB.itisgivennewrulesC.itissimple,cheapandfuntoplayD.itattractsmanyprofessionalplayers30.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.WorldWarIwasover.B.Britishsoldierswantedtowinthewar.C.Footballisnotimportant.D.Footballcanhelppeopletocommunicate.【答案】28.A29.C30.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了足球的历史和足球在全球受欢迎的原因。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThehistoryofthegamegoesbackovertwothousandyearstoancientChina.（足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的中国古代。）”可知，关于足球的发展，我们知道足球的历史可以追溯到古代中国。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.Itisalsoagamethatisverycheaptoplay.（足球是一项简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。这也是一个非常便宜的游戏。）”和第四段“Itisfunenoughtoattractmillionsofpeople.（它足够有趣，可以吸引数百万人。）”可知，足球受欢迎是因为它简单、便宜和有趣。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What'smore,footballhasbecomeoneofthebestwaysforpeopletocommunicate.（更重要的是，足球已经成为人们交流的最好方式之一。）”可知，足球可以帮助人们交流。故选D。DAnewUniversityCollegeLondon-ledstudyfindsthatstaringatadeepredlightforthreeminutesadaycangreatlyimprovedeclining(下降)eyesight.Scientistsbelievethediscovery,publishedintheJournalofGerontology,couldsignalthedawnofnewaffordablehome-basedeyetherapies(治疗)helpingmillionsofpeoplegloballywithnaturallydecliningvision.Doctorssayathree-minutedailydoesofthespecialredlightfortwoweekscouldhelpimproveage-relatedvisionproblems.Howevertheysaynotanyredlightwillhelpimproveeyesight.Theleadauthor,ProfessorGlenJefferysaid,"Istronglysuggestthatpeopleshouldnotjustgoandbuyaredlightonline.Theyhavetoproducetherightwavelength.Wearelookingforacommercialpartnertodothisandtopricethemat$20to$25."ThestudywascarriedoutbyateamfromUniversityCollegeLondon.Researchersconductedtestson24menandwomenagedbetween28and72.Theysaidsomecellsthatcouldhelpusprocesslighthadbecomeworseintheolderpeople.Doctorssaytheredlightimprovedtheabilityofthesepeopletodetectdifferentcolors,particularlyblue.Thevisionoftheseolderpeopleimprovedbyasmuchas22percent,Jeffreysaid,"Populationsareageingrapidlyandthisisgoingtobeamajorissueinthefuture.Weneedtogetreadyforthis."Headded,"Ifyoucan'tseeclearly,youcan'treadorwatchTV.Youalsotendtofalldownandbreakbones.Ourlightsareastepinthisdirection."31.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Toleadtothemaintopic. B.Todiscussthestudy.C.Tointroduceauniversity. D.Togivesomeadvice.32.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Redlightonlylaststhreeminutes.BTheredlightwiththerightwavelengthcanbehelpful.C.Everyoneneedstobuyaredlightonline.D.Doctorsneedpartnerstosellredlights.33.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theproblemofpopulations. B.Theprocessandresultsofthestudy.C.Thevisionoftheoldpeople. D.Theusageofdifferentcolors.34.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.Amedicalmagazine. B.Astorybook.C.Abookreview. D.Ahistorybook.【答案】31.A32.B33.B34.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，每天盯着深红色的灯看三分钟可以大大改善视力下降，这一发现将会受益于人类。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AnewUniversityCollegeLondon-ledstudyfindsthatstaringatadeepredlightforthreeminutesadaycangreatlyimprovedecliningeyesight.”（伦敦大学学院领导的一项新的研究发现，每天盯着深红色的灯看三分钟可以大大改善视力下降。）可知，文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，所以第一段的作用就是引出话题。故选A项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Doctorssayathree-minutedailydoesofthespecialredlightfortwoweekscouldhelpimproveage-relatedvisionproblems.”（医生说，每天三分钟的特殊红灯持续两周可以帮助改善和年龄有关的视力问题。）以及第三段第二行“Theleadauthor,ProfessorGlenJefferysaid,"Istronglysuggestthatpeopleshouldnotjustgoandbuyaredlightonline.Theyhavetoproducetherightwavelength.…””（主要作者格伦·杰弗里教授说：“我强烈建议人们不应该仅仅在网上购买红灯。它们必须产生正确的波长……”）可知，波长合适的红光可能会有帮助。故选B项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“ThestudywascarriedoutbyateamfromUniversityCollegeLondon.Researchersconductedtestson24menandwomenagedbetween28and72.Theysaidsomecellsthatcouldhelpusprocesslighthadbecomeworseintheolderpeople.Doctorssaytheredlightimprovedtheabilityofthesepeopletodetectdifferentcolors,particularlyblue.Thevisionoftheseolderpeopleimprovedbyasmuchas22percent,Jeffreysaid,"Populationsareageingrapidlyandthisisgoingtobeamajorissueinthefuture.Weneedtogetreadyforthis."Headded,"Ifyoucan'tseeclearly,youcan'treadorwatchTV.Youalsotendtofalldownandbreakbones.Ourlightsareastepinthisdirection."”（这项研究是由伦敦大学学院的一个团队进行的。研究人员对24名年龄在28岁至72岁之间的男性和女性进行了测试。他们说，一些可以帮助我们处理光线的细胞在老年人中变得更糟。医生说，红光提高了这些人检测不同颜色的能力，尤其是蓝色。杰弗里说，这些老年人的视力提高了22%，“人口正在迅速老龄化，这将是未来的一个重大问题。我们需要为此做好准备。”他补充道：“如果你看不清楚，你就不能阅读或看电视。你也会摔倒，骨折。我们的灯光就是朝这个方向迈出的一步。”）可知，最后一段主要讲研究的过程和结果。故选B项。【34题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，每天盯着深红色的灯看三分钟可以大大改善视力，这一发现将会受益于人类。所以这是关于医学方面的文章，可能来自于医学杂志。故选A项。第三部分基础知识（共A、B两组，10分）选词填空（共10道小题；每小题1分，共10分）A组选择最恰当的短语完成句子（每个短语只能用一次）。A.areaddictedtoB.paidoffC.inpersonD.signupE.sweptaway35.Ifyouwanttotakepartintheactivity,please________foritbeforeFriday.36.Clearly,alltheextrahoursthathe'dspentpracticingalone________.37.Ishallbepresentatthemeeting________.38.Alotofstudents________computergames.39.Mymother________thedirtofthehouseandgotreadyforthenewyear.【答案】35.D36.B37.C38.A39.E【解析】【35题详解】考查短语。句意：如果你想参加这个活动，请在星期五之前报名。短语signupfor为“登记报名”之意。祈使句中用动词原形。故选D。【36题详解】考查短语。句意：显然，他花在独自练习上的所有额外时间都得到了回报。短语payoff为“得到回报”之意。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选B。【37题详解】考查短语。句意：我将亲自出席会议。短语inperson为“亲自”之意。故选C。【38题详解】考查短语。句意：许多学生沉迷于电脑游戏。短语beaddictedto“沉迷于”之意。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故选A。【39题详解】考查短语。句意：我妈妈清扫了房子里的灰尘，准备迎接新年。短语sweepaway为“清扫，扫除”之意。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故选E。B组选择最恰当的短语完成句子（每个短语只能用一次）。A.tookadvantageofB.cameupwithC.applyforD.calmdownE.avarietyof40.Beijinghas________goodshopsandsupermarkets.41.Suddenly,thestudent________acleverideatosolvetheproblem.42.Don'tcry!You'dbettertryto________.43.He________thegoodweathertogoforawalk.44.Theyoungmanwantedto________ajobinthefamouscomputercompany.【答案】40.E41.B42.D43.A44.C【解析】【40题详解】考查短语。句意：北京有各种各样的好商店和超市。短语avarietyof为“各种各样的”之意。故选E。【41题详解】考查短语。句意：突然，这个学生想出了一个解决这个问题的好办法。短语comeupwith为“想出，提出”之意。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选B。【42题详解】考查短语。句意：别哭了!你最好冷静下来。短语calmdown为“镇静，冷静”之意。trytodosth.设法做某事。不定式to后接动词原形。故选D。【43题详解】考查短语。句意：他趁天气好去散步。短语takeadvantageof为“利用”之意。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选A。【44题详解】考查短语。句意：这个年轻人想在那个著名的计算机公司求职。短语applyfor为“申请”之意。wanttodosth.想要做某事。不定式to后接动词原形。故选C。第四部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第45、46题各2分，第47题3分，第48题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。NeverTooOldtoShineWhenWangDeshunshowedonthestageasamalemodelinhislate70s,manythoughthehadreachedhisapex(顶点).However,the85-year-oldshowedthemhe'sstillflying.Thewhite-beardedWangtookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrictinaSW100lightaircraftonAug17,2021.Duringthecourseoftheflight,hecompletedturnsandclimbsonhisown,becomingtheoldestpersontoundertakeflighttraininginChina.Hisphysicalstatsprovedenoughtoapplyforaflightlicenseduetohismanyyearsofexercise.AtMiyunAirportinBeijing,hewasguidedbyaprofessionalteamthatmadeatrainingplanforhim.“I'vebeendreamingofflyingformorethan50yearssoIthoughtIshouldlearn.IthoughtIcoulddothis,"Wangsaid.ThisisnotthefirsttimeWanghaswowed(使喝彩)hisfellowChinesecitizens.BorninaruralfamilyinShengyang，LiaoningProvincein1936,Wangstartedtoworkasabusconductorandthenafactoryworker.In1960,hebecameastageactorandappearedinbitpartsinfilmssuchasBraveJourneytoNortheastandMissGranny.Wangcontinuedtochallengehimselfthroughouthislife.At44helearnedEnglish,andat50hebeganfitnesstraining.Helearnttorideahorseat65,torideamotorcycleat78,andhitthecatwalkat79,whenhetookpartinBeijingFashionWeekandrosetosocialmediafame.Walkingdownthecatwalkcompletelyshirtless,hewowedaudiencesandwasnicknamed"China'shottestgrandpa"."It'snevertoooldtohaveyourdream,"hesaid."Agehasneverbeenaproblem.Justdoit."45.WhatdidWangDeshundoonAug17,2021?46.WhatwasWang'sfirstjobinhislife?47.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Wangchallengedhimselfthroughouthislife,forhewasnicknamed"China'shottestgrandpa".48.Haveyoueverchallengedyourself?Pleasegiveanexample.(Inabout40words)【答案】45.(1)HetookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrictinaSW100lightaircraftonAug17,2021.(2)HetookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrict.(3)Hetookflight./Heflewaplane.(4)Thewhite-beardedWangtookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrictinaSW100lightaircraftonAug17,2021.Duringthecourseoftheflight,hecompletedturnsandclimbsonhisown,becomingtheoldestpersontoundertakeflighttraininginChina.(5)Duringthecourseoftheflight,hecompletedturnsandclimbsonhisown,becomingtheoldestpersontoundertakeflighttraininginChina.46.(1)Wangstartedhiscareerasabusconductor.(2)Hisfirstjobwasabusconductor.(3)Abusconductor.(4)Wangstartedhiscareerasabusconductorandthenafactoryworker.(5)Hisfirstjobwasafactoryworker.47.(1)Accordingtothetext.WangDeshunchallengedhimselfthroughouthislifebecausehebelievedthewords"It'snevertoooldtohaveyourdream."and"Agehasneverbeenaproblem.Justdoit."(2)WangDeshunchallengedhimselfthroughouthislifebecausehehadadream/dreams.48.Open【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位85岁老人一生都在超越自我的励志事迹。【45题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Thewhite-beardedWangtookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrictinaSW100lightaircraftonAug17,2021.（2021年8月17日，白胡子王德顺乘坐一架SW100轻型飞机在北京密云区飞行。）”可知，2021年8月17日，王德顺在北京乘飞机。故答案为：(1)HetookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrictinaSW100lightaircraftonAug17,2021.(2)HetookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrict.(3)Hetookflight./Heflewaplane.(4)Thewhite-beardedWangtookflightinBeijingMiyunDistrictinaSW100lightaircraftonAug17,2021.Duringthecourseoftheflight,hecompletedturnsandclimbsonhisown,becomingtheoldestpersontoundertakeflighttraininginChina.(5)Duringthecourseoftheflight,hecompletedturnsandclimbsonhisown,becomingtheoldestpersontoundertakeflighttraininginChina.【46题详解】考查细节理解。根据第五段“Bornina