安徽省部分名校高一下学期英语期末考试试题汇编：阅读理解专题

安徽省部分名校

2019-2020年高一下学期英语期末考试试题精选汇编

阅读理解专题

安徽师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

A

Yourkidsmaybeunhappyabouttheendofsummerandthebeginningofanotherschoolyear,butyoucan

cheerthemupwithsomethingfun.Hereare4fantasticplacesforthemtogothisfall.

FristArtMuseum

615-244-3340

Tickets:$15adults,freeages18&younger

Oneofthemostfamouschildren'sauthorsofalltime,EricCarle,isthecreatorofmorethan70picturebooks.

IntheexhibitofEricCarle'sPictureBooks：Celebrating50YearsofTheVeryHungryCaterpillar,youandyour

kidswillbeofferedthechancetoexploreCarle'spersonalhistoryandinterests,differentsubjectsandartistic

techniques.

GrandOleOpryHouse

615-889-1000

Tickets:$24.99（children3&youngerarefree）

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Thisfantasticmusical,RudolphtheRed-NosedReindeer,isalive-actionstageversionofthebased1964

animated(动画的)TVspecial.The70-minutestageadaptationholdstruetotheTVversion,andit'sgreat

excitementtowatchRudolphflyingintheairoverthestage.Yourkidsaregoingtobeexcitedwhenthelarger-than

-lifeAbominableSnowmantakesthestage!

FirstTennesseePark

615-782-4040

Tickets：$23.99adults；$15.99ages3-16(OnTuesdayorWednesday：$12,79ages3-12;$20.79adultsor

agesover12)

Nashvilleisgettingabrand-newholidayexperienceatthestadium,GLOW,whichWillsoonfeature4

millionlights,theSouth'slargestChristmastree(atmorethan100feettall)andotherdecorationsrelatedto

thecoiningChristmas.

BridgestoneArena

615-770-2000

Tickets：$20-$100

Therehavebeenother“Jurassic“liveshowswithlife-sizeroboticdinosaurs,butthisistheveryfirsttimethat

theJurassicWorldmoviehassetfreeitsancientcreaturesinanarena(竞技场)experience.Yourkidscanlook

forwardtoawholenewJurassicWorld.

1.WhatcankidsgetfromavisittoFristArtMuseum?

A.Achancetopromoteone'sartworks.

B.Atiponhavingaperformanceinamusical.

C.Anopportunitytoexploreawell-knownauthor.

D.AcopyofTheVeryHungryCaterpillarforfree.

2.Howmuchwillacouplewitha14-year-oldboypaytoenterFirstTennesseeparkonWednesday?

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A.47.97dollars.B.54.37dollars.C.62.37dollars.D.63.97dollars.

3.Wherewillyouprobablyvisitifyourkidslikeancientanimals?

A.FristArtMuseum.B.GrandOleOpryHouse.

C.FirstTennesseePark.D.BridgestoneArena.

【答案】l.C2.C3.D

【解析】

本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个秋季适合孩子们去的地方。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据FristArtMuseum部分的“youandyourkidswillbeofferedthechancetoexploreCarle's

personalhistoryandinterests,differentsubjectsandartistictechniques.“可知你和孩子可以有机会探索绘本作者

Carle的个人历史和兴趣，不同的主题和艺术技巧。由此可知，孩子们可以从参观第一艺术博物馆中得到一

个探索知名作家的机会。故选C项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题.根据FirstTennesseePark部分的“Tickets：$23.99adults；$15.99ages3-16（OnTuesdayor

Wednesday；$12.79ages3-12;$20.79adultsoragesover12）”可知门票的价格如下：成人每人23.99美元；3-16

岁儿童每人15.99美元（周二或周三的时候：3-12岁儿童每人12.79美元;12岁以上成人每人20.79美元）。题

干中限定了星期三，那么14岁的孩子和夫妻都超过了12岁，每人各付20.79美元，加起来62.37美元。故

选C项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据BridgestoneArena部分的“butthisistheveryfirsttimethattheJurassicWorldmoviehasset

freeitsancientcreaturesinanarenaexperience.”这是《侏罗纪世界》电影第一次在竞技场这种舞台上展示古

老的动物们。所以如果孩子对古老的动物感兴趣，可以去BridgestoneArena。故选D项。

B

Happinessisanabstract（抽象的）concept.Whenonethinksofatypicallyhappyperson,smiling,laughing

3

andcheeringarewhatusuallycometomind.However,ifpeoplestopsmilingorlaughing,itdoesn'tnecessarily

meanthattheyareunhappy.Happinesshasmanydifferentlevels,anditisdifficulttoplacethewordinonetype.

Manypeoplebelieveaspeoplegrowolder,theywillfeelmorehappiness.However,Ijustfindtheyarenot

alwaysso.Whenmytwelve-year-oldsisterwasaskedwhatmadeherhappy,sheinitiallytoldmethatsleeping

madeherhappy,andthenshelookedatmeforareaction.WhenIhadnone,shechangedheranswertofood,thento

fashion,andthenfinallytofamily.Eachtimesheglancedatme,shelookedforaffirmation（肯定）thatshehad

givena"rightanswer”

Myyoungercousin,Whoisevenyoungerthanmysister,gavemeananswerthatsurprisedme.Itwasn'teating

candyorwatchingTVthatmadeherhappy;Itwaslove.Consideringthecleardifferencesbetweenmysisterand

cousinintheiranswers,Icametoseethatagedidn'talwayslargelycontributetohappiness.

WhenIaskedmygrandmotherwhatbroughtherhappiness,sheimmediatelyansweredmyfarnily^^without

hesitation.ThisissomethingIexpected,asmygrandmaIsalwaysafamily-centeredperson.Thisisalsoconsistent

（一致的）withherculture,beingfromItalyandgrowingupduringthe50s,whenfamilyvalueswereatitshighest

pointinsociety.

Askingmyselfthisquestion,Ithinkcarefullyaboutmyanswers.Sure,myfamily,friendsandpetsmakeme

happy,butsodoreading,writingandwatchingmovies.ThisiswhyIhavenoanswertomyownquestion.

Thereisnoonesinglethingthatmakesmethehappiest,becauselikeeverybody,mymooddependsonmany

factors.Happinessdependsonexternalfactorsaswellasone*spersonalityandage.ThisiswhyIhavecometothe

conclusionthatthejourneyofhappinesscannottrulybedefined,andthatthereisn'tonethingaboveallthatmakes

everyonethehappiest.

4.WhatdoweknowabouthappinessfromParagraph1?

A.Itisvaluedbynearlyallpeople*

B.Itiseasytodescribeitwithwords.

C.Itshighestlevelisoftenexpressedwithlaughing.

D.Itmayhavenothingtodowithone'sexpressions.

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5.Comparinghersister'sandcousin'sanswers,theauthorrealizedthat.

A.happinesscomesfromverysmallthings

B.happinessdoesn'talwaysdependonage

C.littlekidscansometimesgiveusinspiration

D.someabstractthingscanmakepeoplehappier

6.Whatconclusiondoestheauthordrawabouthappiness?

A.Extremehappinessishardtoachieve.

B.Happinessisdeterminedbymanyfactors.

C.Thehappiestpeopleareoftenopen-minded.

I）.Onefsfamilygiveshimthemosthappiness.

【答案】4.D5.B6.B

【解析】

这是一篇夹叙夹议文。幸福是一个抽象的概念，难以用言语描述，由很多因素决定。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段However,ifpeoplestopsmilingorlaughing,itdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthattheyare

unhappy.（然而，如果人们停止微笑或大笑，并不一定意味着他们不快乐。）由此可知，高兴可能与一个人

的表情无关。故选D。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Consideringthecleardifferencesbetweenmysisterandcousinintheiranswers,I

cametoseethatagedoesn*talwayslargelycontributetohappiness”（考虑到我姐姐和表姐在回答问题上的明显

差异，我开始意识到年龄并不总是在很大程度上影响幸福。）由此可知，通过比较姐姐和表妹的答案，作

者意识到幸福并不总是取决于年龄。故选B。

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【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段Thereisnoonesinglethingthatmakesmethehappiest,becauselike

everybody,mymooddependsonmanyfactors.（没有一件事能让我最开心，因为和每个人一样，我的

心情取决于很多因素。）由此推知，快乐是由许多因素决定的。故选B。

C

IfyouhappenedtobeattherecentNationalSeniorGamesinAlbuquerquelastJune,ifslikelythatyouwould

havefoundanextremelyenthusiasticgroupof19people,allwearingbrightyellowT-shirtsthatread“Blossomat85”

ononesideand"Gammy'sGroupies*1ontheother."That'smysaysAndreaHarrison,speakingaboutthe

familyandfriendstheretocheerheron.Harrisoniscertainlyblossomingat85—somuchsothatshewalkedaway

withgoldinthe800meterswithatimeof6,24"andsilverinthe5K,finishingin43T.

"Peopleoftentellmethatthey'reinspiredbymyrunningandtheyareencouragedtodomoretostayactive

becauseofit."Harrisonsays."Ifeellikethisismyjobandmypurposenow,togetpeoplemoving,nomatterwhat

theiragesare.^^

Sheevenhasapresentationshegivesatcommunitycentersandschools,centeringonhowbeneficialrunning

andexercisecanbeonemotionalheathaswellasphysicalhealth.Callingit“MotionOverDisturbance;^^shesaysit

emphasizeshowthemotionofmovementtakesawaythedisturbanceinyourhead,clearingawayallthoselittle

worriesandbothersofeverydaylife.

Harrisonalsolikestotellheraudiencesthatshe'salatebloomerwhenitcomestorunning.Shestartedwhen

shewas50yearsold,andonlybecauseofhersons,thenajuniorinhighschool,wantedtobeonatrackteam.Sothe

twoofthemranaroundtheparkinglotoftheschool.

Nowrunning11milesaweek,shecalmsthe“excitement”inhermindbyspendinghertimeprayingfbrfamily

membersassheruns,particularlyfbrhertwinsisterwhohasdementia（痴呆）.Butofcourseshealsoincludesher

6children,14grandchildren,and4great-grandchildren.

Thereareoftenstrangersapproachingherafterracestocongratulateheronawin-shejokesthatthere"aren't

toomanyoldladies“fbrcompetition."Theysay,4Ifyoucanrunlikethis,Ishouldberunning/"shesays."AndI

say'Well,goahead.Whatareyouwaitingfbr?'"

6

7.WhatisHarrison'sjobinherownopinion?

A.Beingamemberofatrackteam.

B.Winninggoldandsilvermedals.

C.Encouragingpeopletorunregardlessofages.

I).Givinglecturesonthebenefitsofexercise.

8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpart“bloomer"inParagraph4?

A.Competitor.B.Runner.

C.Instructor.D.Achiever.

9.WhatisHarrisonalwaysdoingwhilerunning?

A.Listeningtosomemusic.B.Missingherfamilymembers.

C.Prayingtocalmdown.D.Waitingforthestrangers.,

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthewholetext?

A.It'snevertoolatetolearn.B.Allthatglittersisnotgold.

C.Tostrikewhileironishot.D.Wellbegunishalfdone.

【答案】7.C8.D9.C10.A

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Harrison在50岁时开始跑步，85岁时获得跑步比赛的金牌及银牌，她至今

仍坚持跑步并鼓励人们多跑步。只要你想实现心中的目标，什么时候开始努力都不算晚。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中Harrison说的话“Ifeellikethisismyjobandmypurposenow;togetpeoplemoving,

nomatterwhattheiragesare.”可知，Harrison鼓励人们跑步，不论他们年龄大小。在她看来这就是她的工

作，也是她坚持跑步的目的。故选C项。

7

【8题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"Harrisoniscertainlyblossomingat85—somuchsothatshewalkedawaywith

goldinthe800meterswithatimeof6'24"andsilverinthe5K,finishingin43T."以及第四段中的"Shestarted

whenshewas50yearsold,andonlybecauseofhersons,thenajuniorinhighschool,wantedtobeonatrackteam.

Sothetwoofthemranaroundtheparkinglotoftheschool."可知,Harrison800米赛跑的成绩是6,24,5000

米赛跑的成绩是43T1这一切源自于她50岁那年当时是一名高中生的儿子想加入田径队。所以他们两个

在学校的停车场周围练习跑步。即Harrison在50岁时因儿子想参加田径队才开始跑步。85岁时获得跑步

比赛金牌和银牌的她，可以算是一个“大器晚成的人”，取得了很大的成就。结合选项可知，achiever可

以解释bloomer一词。故选D项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中的"Nowrunning11milesaweek,shecalmsthe"excitement"inhermindby

spendinghertimeprayingforfamilymembersassheruns,particularlyforhertwinsisterwhohasdementia.Butof

courseshealsoincludesher6children,14grandchildren,and4great-grandchildren.n可知，她现在每周跑步11

英里，她跑步时为家人XX,特别是为患有痴呆症的双胞胎姐姐XX,从而使自己内心的“兴奋”平静下来。

当然，她也为6个孩子，14个孙子和4个曾孙XX。由此可知，Harrison一边跑一边在心里为家人XX,她通

过这种方式来使她的“激动兴奋的情绪”得以平复。故选C项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文可知，一个在50岁时才开始跑步的高龄女性运动员，却能在85岁时获得跑步比赛

的金牌和银牌，她一直坚持至今并鼓励人们多跑步。最后一段中讲述了Harrison和身边的人的对话：她开

玩笑说“比赛中没有太多老太太”。人们说，''如果你能像这样跑步，我也应该跑步”。她回应说，“嗯，

那就开始吧。你们在等什么？”因此作者讲述这个故事的目的是告诉人们：只要你想实现心中的目标，什

么时候开始努力都不算晚。故选A项。

安徽省六安中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

8

A

Volunteeringabroadisagreatwaytohelpothers,improveyourskillsandbecomeamoreconfident,

independentperson.Ifyouareinterestedinvolunteeringabroad,herearesomeplacestogo.

Australia

Ifyouseekalifeonthebeach,inagreatclimatewithfriendlypeople,Australiamightbeyourbestbet.With

thousandsofvolunteersalreadysigninguptoleaveforAustraliaduringtheholidays,itwillbeaverypopular

option.

Brazil

Thisvastcountryhassomegreatopportunitiesonofferandisespeciallypopularthisyear.Alotofvolunteer

workisavailableinBrazilcentersonconservationandecologicalprojects.Withtheworld'slargestrainforestin

Brazil,ofwhichhugepartisindanger,therearelotsofdifferentjobsyoucando.

Kenya

KenyaisthedestinationforthoseseekinganAfricanexperience.GenerallyvolunteersinKenyaworkin

orphanages（孤JL院）orwithlocalchildrenlivinginslums.ThereisagreatdemandfbrvolunteersinAfrica

becausemanypeopleliveinpoverty,soifyoutrulyfeellikemakingadifferencetoacommunity,Kenyashould

beatthetopofyourlist.

CostaRica

Goldensandybeaches,clearcoastlinesandbeautifulcitiesarewhatCostaRicaisallabout.Becauseofits

smallsize,youcanseealotofthecountryinjustashorttime.Youcanreallymakethemostofyourtimeasa

volunteer.Alotofworkisneededwithwildlifeandecologicalwork,soifyouwanttolookafterturtlesonthe

beach,CostaRicacouldbejusttheplaceforyou.

1.Ifyouareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment,youwillprobablygoto.

A.AustraliaB.BrazilC.KenyaD.CostaRica

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatvolunteersinKenyamainlyworkwith.

9

A.animalsB.plantsC.theelderlyD.children

3.IfyouchoosetogotoCostaRica,youaresupposedto.

A.takecareoftreesintheforestsB.surfwithchildreninthewater

C.workwithanimalsonthebeachD.lookafterchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents

【答案】LB2.D3.C

【解析】

本文是说明文。本文介绍的是到海外去做志愿者的四个不同的国家的志愿者所从事的不同的事情的具体

信息。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段的Withtheworld'slargestrainforestinBrazil,ofwhichhugepartisindanger,there

arelotsofdifferentjobsyoucando.可知巴西的热带雨林正受到威胁，所以你如果对环境保护有兴趣就去巴

西吧！故B项正确。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段的GenerallyvolunteersinKenyaworkinorphanages（孤儿院）orwithlocalchildren

livinginslums（贫民窟）,可知在肯尼亚，志愿者主要是照顾孩子，故D项正确。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章最后3行Alotofworkisneededwithwildlifeandecologicalwork,soifyouwanttolook

afterturtlesonthebeach,CostaRicacouldbejusttheplaceforyou可知，野生动物和生态需要大量的工作，所

以如果你想在海滩上照顾海龟，哥斯达黎加可能是你想去的地方，因此可知，在哥斯达黎加你可以照顾海

龟。故C项正确。

B

HereisatruestoryaboutafamousmanwhoworkedintheWhiteHouseandacriminal.Theyonce

10

facedthesamething:theirmothergavethemappleswhentheywereyoung.

Thecriminalsaid:oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapplesandaskedmybrotherandme:"Which

doyouwant?”“Thereddestandbiggestone,“mylittlebrothersaid.Mymotherstaredathim

andsaidtohimangrily:"Youshouldlearntogivethegoodthingstoothers;youshouldn,t

alwaysthinkofyourself."Seeingthis,Isuddenlychangedmyideaandthensaidtomymother,

“Mum,pleasegivemethesmalleroneandgivethebiggeronetomylittlebrother."Hearing

mywords,mymotherwasveryhappy.Shekissedmeonmyfaceandgavethereddestandbiggest

appletomeasaprize.Fromthemon,Ilearnedtotelllies,fight,stealandrob.Inorder

togetwhatIwanted,Iplayedhard.Asaresult,Iwassentintoprison.

Thefamousmanfromthewhitehousesaid,Oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapples.Shesaidto

mybrotherandme:"Youallwantthereddestandbiggestone,right?Well,let'shavea

competition.NowIdividedthegrasslandinfrontofthegateintotwoandIwillgiveoneto

eachofyouandyoumustshear（修剪）itwell.AndIwillgivethereddestandbiggestappleto

himwhodoesitthemostquicklyandbest.”

Afterthecompetition,IwonandIgotthebiggestapple.Inourfamily,aslongasyouwant

togetthebestthings,youmusttakepartincompetition.Ithinkitisfair.Nomatterwhat

youwant,youmustpaylotsofefforts.

4.Thecriminalgotthereddestandbiggestapplebecause.

A.heknewhowtomakehismotherhappyfromheranswer

B.hetoldthetruththathewantedasmallerone

C.elderbrothershouldofcoursehavethebiggerone

D.hismotherlovedhimmorethanshelovedtheyoungerbrother

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat.

A.it'swrongtoaskchildrentochooseappleswhentheyarenotoldenough.

B.it'swrongtoaskchildrennottoalwaysthinkofthemselves.

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C.it'simportanttomakechildrenawarethatnomatterwhattheywant,theymustpaywork

D.it'salwaysnecessarytohaveacompetitionwhenwegivechildrenapple.

6.Thewritertellsthestoryby.

A.organizingitintheorderoftime.

B.describingitintheorderofspace

C.providingsomescientificinformation

D.makingacomparisonbetweentwomen

7.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat.

A.amother?seducationalmethodhasagreatinfluenceonachild'sgrowing.

B.inordertogetwhatwewant,weshouldplayhard.

C.weshouldalwaystrytowincompetitionswhichcanbringusalot.

D.givingchildrenappleswillleadthemtobecomecriminals.

【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了名人和罪犯的妈妈不同的教育方式，这对孩子的成长有很大的影响。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。从文章第二段的句子/z

Seeingthis,Isuddenlychangedmyideaandthensaidtomymother:Mumz

pleasegivemethesmalleroneandgivethebiggeronetomylittlebrother,看到这些,我突然改变了主意,对

妈妈说:〃妈妈，请把小的给我，把大的给我弟弟。由此判断出罪犯看出妈妈的意思，用了让妈妈高兴的回

答。选Ao

【5题详解】

推理判断题。从文章最后一句话：Nomatterwhatyouwant,youmustpaylotsofefforts无论你想要得到神门，

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就需要付出努力。由此判断出重要的是要让孩子们意识到无论他们想要什么，他们都必须付出劳动。故选

C项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。文章的第二段和第三段分别讲述了名人和罪犯小时候得到苹果的事。由此判断出作者是通过

进行对比来讲故事的。故选D.

【7题详解】

推理判断题：根据第二段"Asaresult,Iwassentintoprison."结果，我被送进了监狱。根据最后一段"Afterthe

competition,IwonandIgotthebiggestapple.Inourfamily,aslongasyouwanttogetthebestthings,youmust

takepartincompetition.〃比赛结束后，我匾了，我得到了最大的苹果。在我们家，只要你想得到最好的东西，

你就必须参加去竞争。所以文章讲述了名人和罪犯的妈妈不同的教育方式，由此判断出母亲的教育方式对

孩子的成长有很大的影响。故选A。

C

KongZi,alsocalledConfucius(551-479B.C.),andSocrates(苏格拉底)(469-399B.C.)livedonlya

hundredyearsapart,andduringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,butitisinteresting

tolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideas,andhowtheseideasin

turn,shapedtheirsocieties.

Neitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.The

Chinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.Theurban

environmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical(激进的)thanConfucius.UnlikeConfucius,

Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.Thus,Socrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusing

onissueslikefreedom,andknowledgeforitsownsake.Confucius,ontheotherhand,advisedthoseingovernment

service,andmanyofhisstudentswentouttogovernmentservice.

ConfuciussuggestedtheGoldenRuleasaprinciplefortheconductoflife:“Donotdotootherswhatyou

wouldnotwantotherstodotoyou."Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotential

thanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedontheindividual,andthoughtthatthe

greatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.ButlikeConfucius,healsobelievedthatthesuperiorclassshould

13

ruletheinferior（下层的）classes.

ForSocrates,thefamilywasofnoimportance,andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius,however,

thefamilywasthecentreofthesociety,withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpolitical

relations.

Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.

8.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.SocratesandConfuciushadmuchincommon.

B.ConfuciushadmuchinfluenceonSocrates,ideas.

C.TherewereculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandGreece.

D.Thesocietieswereinfluencedbythephilosophers,ideas.

9.SocratessharedwithConfuciustheideathat.

A.allmenwereequalwhentheywerebom

B.thelowerclassshouldberuledbytheupperclass

C.thepurposeofmanwastoseekfreedomandwisdom

D.donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou

10.WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?

A.Knowledge.B.Potential.C.Family.D.Community.

11.Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof.

A.timeandeventsB.comparisonandcontrast

C.causeandeffectD.definitionandclassification

【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B

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【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两位哲学家一一孔子和苏格拉底。文章通过对比的方式阐述了两位伟大哲

学家孔子与苏格拉底的哲学思想对社会的影响以及思想观点的相似与不同。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段KongZi,alsocalledConfucius(551-479B.C.),andSocrates(苏格拉底)(469-399B.

C.)livedonlyahundredyearsapart,andduringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,but

itisinterestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideas,andhow

theseideasinturn,shapedtheirsocieties.可知孔子(551-479B.C.),苏格拉底(469-399B.C.)的生活时间只相

隔一百年，在他们的有生之年，中国和希腊之间没有任何接触，但看看这些来自各自世界的伟大哲学家如

何塑造了他们的思想，而这些思想又如何反过来塑造了他们的社会，是很有意思的。由此可知，D选项“社

会受到哲学家思想的影响”正确。故选D。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句ButlikeConfucius,healsobelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldrulethe

inferior(下层的)classes.可知但就像孔子一样，他也认为上层阶级应该统治下层阶级。由此可知，苏格拉底

和孔子都认为，下层阶级应该由上层阶级统治。故选B。

[10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotentialthan

others,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.可知他认为所有的人生来都是平等的，尽管有些人比其他

人更有潜力，是知识使人与众不同。由此可知，根据孔子的说法，知识使一些人与众不同。故选A。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中Neitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsinGreece

thaninChina.可知两位哲学家都生活在和平时期，尽管希腊的战争比中国多。且第二段主要对比分析了孔

子和苏格拉底生活的社会背景，以及对治理国家的看法；结合第三段ConfuciussuggestedtheGoldenRuleas

aprinciplefortheconductoflife:"Donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou.^^Heassumed

thatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotentialthanothers,andthatitwas

knowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedontheindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwas

15

toseekwisdom.ButlikeConfucius,healsobelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferior（下层的）classes.

可知孔子提出了做人的黄金法则：“己所不欲，勿施于人。”他认为所有人在出生时都是平等的，尽管有

些人比其他人更有潜力，知识使人与众不同。苏格拉底关注个人，认为人最大的目的是寻求智慧。但和孔

子一样，他也认为上层阶级应该统治下层阶级。由此可推知，文章阐述了两位伟大哲学家孔子与苏格拉底

的哲学思想对社会的影响以及思想观点的相似与不同,这篇文章是按照比较和对比的模式组织的。故选B。

D

DogsareaverypopularpetintheUnitedStates.Mostdogsjustlivewiththeirfamilies,butsomedogshave

veryspecialjobstodo.

Averyspecialgroupofdogsareknownas“Therapy（治疗）Dogs”.Thesedogsarefamilypetswithspecial

training.Thetrainingallowsthemtogointopublicbuildingsandcomfortpeopleinneed.Thedogsaretrainedtobe

calmandquiet.Loudnoisesandunfamiliarplacesdon'tfrightenthem.Therapydogscanimprovepeople'shealthas

well.Studiesshowthatwhenpeoplespendtimewithanimals,theirbloodpressuregoesdown.Theyarecalmer,and

theirmoodimproves.

Sometherapydogsworkinschoolsandlibraries.InonetowninCalifornia,therapydogshavebecome

children'sreadingfriends.Thedogsbelongtoatherapydoggroup.Eightofthesespecialdogshavebeentrainedto

belisteningfriendsforyoungreaders.Thelibraryistryingtoencouragekidstoenjoyreading.Thechildrenare

invitedtomeetatthelibrary.Theyarepairedupwithatherapydogandcanreadtoit.

Thedogsmakeagreataudience.Theydon'tjudgeachildwhocannotreadwell;theyjustlistenquietly.The

childrencanreadattheirownspeedandtheyfinditlessnervousthanreadinginfrontoftheirclass.Thechildren

lookforwardtoreadingtothedogs,andthedogslovetheattention.Thelibraryandtheteachersareveryhappywith

theprogram.

12.WhichofthefollowingabouttherapydogsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.Theylovetobecomfortedbypeople.B