江苏省淮安市2025届高三英语下学期5月调研试题含解析

PAGE31-江苏省淮安市2025届高三英语下学期5月调研试题（含解析）其次部分英语学问运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题、每小题1分，满分15分）请仔细阅读下面各题，从慰中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项签题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Youcouldgetintoasituation_________youhavetodecideimmediately.A.what B.which C.where D.that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你很简单进入到这样一种状况中，在那种状况下，你须要快速地进行确定。此处为定语从句修饰先行词situation是抽象地点名词，应用关系副词where，相当于inwhich。故选C。【点睛】situation后接where定语从句的用法与考题名词situation后有时可接where引导的定语从句，where大致相当于inwhich。如：Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一种难以辨别是非的局面。Ifyourisksomethingimportant,youcauseittobeinadangeroussituationwhereyoumightloseit.你假如拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危急境地。2.He_________himselfadvancedEnglishallbyhimselfbythetimeheturned18.A.taught B.hadtaught C.hastaught D.wouldteach【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他在18岁之前已经自学高级英语课程。依据后文bythetime可知应用完成时态，且“自学”发生在“turned”之前，即“过去的过去”故用过去完成时。故选B。3.Icanstillremembermychildhoodlife,_________itwassolongago.A.ifonly B.asthough C.eventhough D.incase【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：即使我的童年生活早就离我远去，但我还是能依稀记得那段时间。A.ifonly但愿；B.asthough似乎；C.eventhough即使；D.incase以防万一。依据句意，此处为让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用eventhough引导。故选C。【点睛】英语让步状语从句用法归纳1.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although,though,however(=nomatterhow),evenif(即使),whether…or(不论……还是)等连词。如：Ican’tfindmypenthoughI’velookedeverywhere.我到处找那支钢笔,可就是找不到。Hepersuadedhertogotoschool,eventhoughshedidnotwantto.即使她不想去上学，他还是劝服她去。2.as也可引导让步状语从句，但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as前，若提前的是单数可数名词，要省略a/an。如：Teacherasheis,hecan’tknoweverything.虽然是老师，他也不行能什么都懂。3.连词while有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。如：Whilewedon’tagreewecontinuetobefriends.尽管我们看法不同，我们还是挚友。4.whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引导让步状语从句。如：Weshalldefendourcity,whateverthecostmaybe.不管代价如何,我们要捍卫我们的城市。Thebusinesswouldbeasuccess,whoeverownedit.不论什么人经营，这生意都会胜利。Howeverhotitis,hewillnottakeoffhiscoat.无论多热,他也不会脱掉外衣。4.Ithasrainedcatsanddogsfordays.Ihopeitwill___________nextweek.A.stepup B.makeup C.takeup D.clearup【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近连着下了好几天雨，我真希望下周天气能放晴啊。A.stepup加紧速度，提高，走进；B.makeup化妆，弥补，编造；C.takeup拿起，起先从事；D.clearup天气放晴，清理打扫。承接上文Ithasrainedcatsanddogsfordays.可知是希望下周天气放晴。故选D。5.Therecanbenodoubt____________teacherslovehardworkingstudents.A.where B.that C.which D.whether【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：毫无疑问老师都喜爱用功的学生。固定句型Thereisnodoubtthat…表示“毫无疑问……”，that后面的内容就是毫无疑问的事实。故选B。6.Thecompanyismakingalong-term__________tobreakingintotheAmericanmarket.A.complaint B.comment C.commitment D.contribution【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司正长期致力于打入美国市场。A.complaint埋怨；B.comment评价；C.commitment致力于，投入；D.contribution贡献，捐赠。结合后文tobreakingintotheAmericanmarket可知该公司正长期致力于打入美国市场。故选C。7.Boboftenworksbutinthegym,soitisnowonderthatheis____________.A.incontrol B.inpanic C.inshape D.ineffect【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Bob常常在健身房运动，难怪他身材那么好呢。A.incontrol限制；B.inpanic恐惊；C.inshape身材保持的好；D.ineffect事实上，生效。结合上文Boboftenworksbutinthegym可知是指Bob的身材好。故选C。8.-Doyoustillwanttobecomeaprofessionalfootballer?-Thatambitionhasneverdied.I'mstillas__________anddeterminedtomakeit.A.elegant B.embarrassed C.explicit D.enthusiastic【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——你还想成为一个职业的足球运动员吗？——我这个幻想从未破灭过。我仍一如既往地对足球怀有热忱，并决心实现成为运动员的幻想。A.elegant优雅的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.explicit详尽的；D.enthusiastic热忱的，兴奋的。依据上文Thatambitionhasneverdied.可知我仍旧对足球怀有热忱。故选D。9.Iwasabouttogiveuphalfwaywhenmyteacher____________toencouragemetocarryon.A.hascome B.comes C.wascoming D.came【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：正值我准备半路放弃时，我的老师来到了我的身边给我激励，激励我接着前行，永不放弃。前半句wasaboutto表示过去将来时，when后面从句也须要用一般过去时，故用came，故选D。10.Helenborrowedmybooktheotherday,promising__________itsoon.A.toreturn B.returned C.returning D.havingreturned【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Helen在几天前借了我的书，答应我会立刻还给我。后半句作非谓语，考查短语promisetodosth.表示“承诺做某事”，后跟不定式作宾语。故选A。11.-IhadbutterfliesinmystomachbeforeIgavethattalk.-I__________nervoustooifIhadbeeninyoushoes.A.was B.wouldbe C.hadbeen D.wouldhavebeen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我在演讲前心里始终忐忑担心。——假如当时我是你的话，我也会很惊慌的。依据后文hadbeen可知此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句用hadbeen，主句用wouldhavedonesth，故选D。【点睛】if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设haddonewould/could/might/shouldhavedone与现在事实相反的假设过去时(was→were)would/could/might/shoulddo与将来事实相反的假设过去时(was→were);shoulddo;weretodowould/could/might/shoulddo有时假设的状况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式示意虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with,without,butfor,otherwise,or，even,incaseof,whatif(假如…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句(考试时多数状况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：IfIhadnothadyourrecommendation,主句为：Iwouldhavemissedit。故D选项正确。12.Ilookedaroundatthelargeandbeautifulhomes,withmymind_______withaquestion:Wouldn'tIfeelbetteraboutmyselfifIlivedhere?A.racing B.beingraced C.toberaced D.raced【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我环顾四周，看了看这又大又漂亮的房子，不停地追问自己这样一个问题——假如我住在这儿，自己会感觉更好一些吗？此处为with的复合结构，且mind与race构成主动关系，故用动词-ing形式。故选A。【点睛】with复合结构的构成它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，其次部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。with结构构成方式如下：1.with或without-名词/代词+形容词2.with或without-名词/代词+副词3.with或without-名词/代词+介词短语4.with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式5.with或without-名词/代词+分词13.Accordingtoaplan,Hainan___________intoatourismandconsumptiondestinationwithglobalinfluenceby2035.A.willbuild B.willhavebeenbuilt C.arebuilt D.havebeenbuilt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：依据安排，海南将要在2035年之前被建立成一个具有国际影响力的旅游和消费景点。依据后文By2035可知表示在将来的某一时刻已经完成，要用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态。故选B。14.Hisworkhasreceivedonlyatinymentioninthenewspaper;actuallyhe__________moreattention.A.reserves B.deserves C.observes D.preserves【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的作品在报纸上关注度不高；事实上，他应当值得更多的关注啊。A.reserves预定；B.deserves值得；C.observes视察；D.preserves保存。结合后文moreattention可知此处表示“值得”更多的关注应用动词deserve。故选B。【点睛】deserve用法归纳deserve是一个动词，意思是“应得；应受；值得”。驾驭deserve的运用方法，须要驾驭的是：1、它做为及物动词(vt.)或不及物动词（vi.）的运用方法。我们知道及物动词就是后面可以干脆加宾语的词，比如说:eatapple,drinkwater不及物动词就不能干脆加宾语,须要一个小介词的，比如:lookatthepicture,listentome1）deservesth，deserve后接名词或代词，通常只用作及物动词，且不能用于进行时态。如：You'reveryable.Youdeserveabetterjob.你很有实力，应当有一份更好的工作。It'syourmoney.Youdeserveit.这钱归你，你该拿这个钱。Hehasdeservedwellofhiscountry.他无愧于祖国。DoyouthinkIdeservethis?你认为这是我应得的吗?留意：deservesth=bedeservingofsth，如：Hisbraveactdeservespraise.=Hisbraveactisdeservingofpraise.他的英勇行为值得赞扬。2）deservetodosth.，deserve后接不定式，若该动词表示主动意义，则用不定式的主动式；若该动词表示被动意义，则用不定式的被动式。如：Thosewhoworkdeservetoeat.劳动者该得食。Hedeservestobecriticized.他应当受到指责。2、主动语态和被动语态的运用方法。1)前面说的deservesth/bedeservingofsth/deservetodosth都是主动态。2)deservedoing=deservetobedone主动表被动Hedeservedtobepunished.=Hedeservedpunishing.他应当受到惩处。Hedeservedbeingrecommendedforadecoration.他有资格得到提名受勋。综合前面两点，deserve后面倒底是接todosth还是doing或tobodone.就要看看句子是主达主动还是被动，是当及物动词用还是不及物动词用。另外deserve含有褒义和贬义，褒义的意思是（因某种努力、身份、天赋）应得的，贬义的意思是（因某种恶行、罪过）应受的，这要看联系上下文取其意。15.-Ithinkyou'dbettercleanyourroom.-_________It'scleanenough.A.Whatfor? B.Sowhat? C.Yousaidit. D.Youmadeit.【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为你最好要打扫一下你的房间了。——为什么？我觉得已经够干净的了。A.Whatfor?为什么？B.Sowhat?那又如何？C.Yousaidit.你说的对；D.Youmadeit.你胜利了！依据后文It'scleanenough.可知对方不知道为什么要打扫房间。故选A。其次节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请仔细阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。SuperstarPinkjoinedalotofcelebrities(名人)andworldleaderswhowereinfectedwithCOVID-19(新冠肺炎).Twoweeksago,sheandthree-year-oldsonJameson___16___symptomsofthediseaseAfter___17___withhealthcareprofessionals,thetwowereableto___18___atestPinktestedpositiveforcoronavirus(冠状病毒).She___19___theirexperiencesonline,stating“Justafewdaysago,wewerere-testedandarenow___20___negative.”Pinkaddedthatshewas___21___ahugeamounttotwodifferentCOVID-19emergencyfunds(基金会).Variousstarshavealsotriedtoencouragepeopletotakeextra___22___againstCOVID-19.“Itisnotwiseofourgovernmentnottomaketestingmorewidelyaccessible,”Pinksaid.“Thisillnessis___23___andreal.Peopleneedtoknowthattheillness___24___theyoungandold,healthyandunhealthy,richandpoor,andwemustmaketestingfreeto____25____ourchildren,ourfamilies,ourfriendsandourcommunities.”Testingforcoronavirusisamajor____26____acrosstheworld.TheWHO____27____urgesWorldgovernmentstoconductmasstestingto____28____COVID-19,alongwithcontacttracing,Widespreaddisinfection,lockdownandquarantinemeasures,socialdistancing,andhandhygiene.PrevioustoPink,anumberofothercelebritieshavetested____29____forthevirus.Variousworldleadershavebeeninfected____30____includingtheBritishPrimeMinister.Pinkexpressedher____31____forthepeopleworkingonthefrontlines.Thankyoutoallofourhealthcareprofessionalsandeveryoneintheworldwhoareworkingsohardtoprotectourlovedones.“Youareour____32____!”shewrote,shealsourgedthe____33____ofthepopulationtodotheirpartto____34____thespreadofthedisease.So____35____manisfacingadarktimerightnow,there'sonethingforsurethatheisgoingtowinthiswanagainstCOVID-19intheend!16.A.improved B.showed C.described D.reported.17.A.consulting B.quarreling C.dealing D.agreeing18.A.refuse B.give C.mark D.get19.A.posed B.mailed C.typed. D.gained20A.equally B.unfortunately C.thankfully D.merely21.A.donating B.lending C.loaning D.paying22.A.pictures B.notes C.trips D.measures23.A.common B.serious C.genetic D.mild24.A.kills B.punishes C.affects D.ruins25.A.cure B.protect C.treat D.love26.A.concern B.phenomenon C.symptom D.illness27.A.hesitantly B.gradually C.strongly D.quickly28.A.discourage B.encourage C.catch D.battle29.A.active B.positive C.negative D.passive30.A.asmuch B.asfar C.aswell D.asgood31.A.love B.hatred C.pity D.gratitude32.A.heroes B.enemies C.doctors D.workers33.A.half` B.minority C.majority D.growth34A.reduce B.prevent C.keep D.slow35.A.as B.once C.because D.although【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.A20.C21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲解并描述了明星Pink患新冠肺炎的过程以及她的感悟。她认为政府不让更多人接受检测是不明智的，指出我们必需免费检测，以爱护我们的孩子，我们的家人，我们的挚友和我们的社区。Pink还表达了她对前线工作人员的感谢之情，敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力气来阻挡疾病的传播。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周前，她和三岁的儿子Jameson显示出了这种疾病的症状。A.improved改善；B.showed显示，展示；C.described描述；D.reported报告。依据第一句可知Pink感染了新冠肺炎，因此这里指两周前她显示出了这种病的症状，故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在询问了医疗专业人士后，两人接受了检测。A.consulting询问；B.quarreling争吵；C.dealing处理；D.agreeing同意。healthcareprofessionals是医护人员的意思，依据后面他们做了检测可知，这里是在和医护人员询问后，短语consultwithsb表示“向某人询问、请教”。故选A。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在询问了医疗专业人士后，两人接受了检测。A.refuse拒绝；B.give赐予；C.mark标记；D.get接受。依据后面的检测为阳性可知，这里是他们接受了测试，因此选get。故选D。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在网上共享了他们的经验，并写道:“就在几天前，我们再次接受了测试，谢天谢地现在的结果是阴性的。”A.posed发帖；B.mailed邮寄；C.typed打字；D.gained获得。依据后文theirexperiencesonline可知Pink在网上发布了自己的经验，故选A。【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在网上共享了他们的经验，并写道:“就在几天前，我们再次接受了测试，谢天谢地现在的结果是阴性的。”A.equally同样地；B.unfortunately不幸地；C.thankfully感谢地；D.merely仅仅。依据前面呈阳性，现在是阴性可知，这里要填一个褒义词，Pink应当是对此觉得感恩，因此选thankfully。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pink补充说，她向两个不同的COVID-19紧急基金捐赠了一大笔钱。A.donating捐款；B.lending出借；C.loaning贷款；D.paying支付。依据后文ahugeamounttotwodifferentCOVID-19emergencyfunds加上Pink是一个超级巨星，可知是她捐了一大笔钱给COVID-19紧急基金会。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多明星也在努力激励人们实行更多的措施来反抗新冠病毒。A.pictures照片；B.notes笔记；C.trips旅行；D.measures措施。依据前面Pink捐款，以及这里的also和againstCOVID-19可知，是说很多明星也激励人们实行更多的措施来反抗新冠病毒。短语takemeasures表示“实行措施”。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种病是很严峻和真实存在的。A.common一般的；B.serious严峻的；C.genetic遗传的；D.mild温柔的。Pink前一句说政府不进行大量检测是不明智的，并且所填的词和real并列，因此她要说的是这个病是真实存在的，很严峻的。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们须要知道疾病影响着年轻人和老年人，健康的和不健康的，富有的和贫困的，我们必需让测试免费来爱护我们的孩子，我们的家庭，我们的挚友和我们的社区。A.kills杀死；B.punishes惩处；C.affects感染；D.ruins毁灭。依据空后面的宾语是老少，健康或不健康的人，穷人富人可知，且主语是新冠肺炎可知，这里是说这个病会感染各种人。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们须要知道疾病影响着年轻人和老年人，健康的和不健康的，富有的和贫困的，我们必需让测试免费来爱护我们的孩子，我们的家庭，我们的挚友和我们的社区。A.cure治愈；B.protect爱护；C.treat治疗；D.love爱。依据后文ourchildren,ourfamilies,ourfriendsandourcommunities.可知因此是我们必需免费测试来爱护我们的孩子，我们的家庭，我们的挚友和我们的社区。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：检测冠状病毒是全世界关切的一个主要问题。A.concern关切；B.phenomenon现象；C.symptom症状；D.illness疾病。结合后文acrosstheworld可知检测新冠病毒是一个全世界主要关切的事。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：世卫组织快速敦促世界各国政府对新冠肺炎进行大规模检测，并追踪冠状病毒。A.hesitantly迟疑地；B.gradually渐渐地；C.strongly剧烈地；D.quickly快速地。所填空修饰谓语动词urges，且urge这个词本身就表示了剧烈的要求，所以不选strongly，而应当用quickly，表示世卫组织快速地敦促各国政府对新冠肺炎进行大规模检测，并追踪接触者。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：世卫组织快速敦促世界各国政府对新冠肺炎进行大规模检测，并追踪冠状病毒。A.discourage阻挡；B.encourage激励；C.catch追踪，抓住；D.battle斗争。所填空的宾语是COVID-19，可知此处指做大量测试来追踪冠状病毒。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Pink之前，其他一些名人也曾对该病毒检测呈阳性。A.active活跃的；B.positive阳性的；C.negative否定的；D.passive消极的。依据前面Pink确诊了可知，这里是在Pink之前，很多其他名人也检测呈阳性，positive的熟词僻义，在医学试验等检测中，表示阳性。故选B。【30题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：包括英国首相在内的世界各国领导人也受到了感染。A.asmuch也，同样多的；B.asfar一样远；C.aswell也；D.asgood一样好。前面是名人确诊，而这里是领导人也确诊感染了，因此填aswell，表“也”。故选C。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pink表达了她对前线工作人员的感谢之情。A.love爱；B.hatred憎恨；C.pity缺憾；D.gratitude感谢。依据后文Thankyoutoallofourhealthcareprofessionalsandeveryoneintheworldwhoareworkingsohardtoprotectourlovedones.可知，这里Pink表达了对一线工作人员的感谢。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们是我们的英雄！”她写道，她还敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力气来阻挡疾病的传播。A.heroes英雄；B.enemies敌人；C.doctors医生；D.workers工人。You指前线工作人员，而且前面Pink在表达感谢，因此这里是将医护人员称为“英雄”最符合语境。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们是我们的英雄！”她写道，她还敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力气来阻挡疾病的传播。A.half一半；B.minority少数；C.majority大多数人；D.growth生长。依据前面感谢医护人员，以及该句的also可知，这里是Pink激励大多数人也去尽自己的一份力来阻挡疾病传播。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们是我们的英雄！”她写道，她还敦促大多数人尽自己的一份力气来阻挡疾病的传播。A.reduce削减；B.prevent阻挡；C.keep保持；D.slow缓慢的。宾语是新冠肺炎的传播，因此这里填prevent表阻挡，并且是固定搭配preventthespreadofthedisease/preventthediseasefromspreading，其余选项不能接spread。故选B。【35题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：因此，尽管人类现在面临着黑暗的时刻，但有一件事是确定的，那就是他最终将赢得这场对抗COVID-19的斗争！A.as作为；B.once曾经；C.because因为；D.although虽然。此处为让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用although。故选D。阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）以真阅读下列短文，从领文后务照所给的A.B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在客题卡上将该项涂黑。AFESTIVALSINLONDONLondonhostseachyearavarietyofcelebrationsandfestivals.AllofthemarenationalandForeignholidays.BelowweshowyouthemostamazingholidaysandfestivalsinLondon.NewYear'sDayParadeThisParadeisafreeeventwhichtakesplaceannuallyonIJanuarysince1987.Mlastsabout2hours30minutes,featuringmorethan10.000Participantsrepresenting20countriesworldwide.Therearemarchingbands,cheerleadinggroups,vehicles,animals,clownsandgiantinflatables(充气物).OxfordandCambridgeBoatRaceSince1829eachspringthetwoEngland'smostfamousuniversitiesracealonga6.7kilometerstretchoftheThamesRiverinwhatisperhapsthemostfamousrowingeventintheworld.TheraceattractsamassivecrowdofaroundaquarterofamillionfantothebanksoftheThamesLondonMarathonTheFloraLondonMarathon,oneoftheWorldMarathonMajors,hasbeenheldeachyearsince1981.Currentlyaround32,000runnerstakepartinthisannualevent,includingprofessionalsandamateurs.Therearelivebandsentertainmentandthousandsofcheeringfans.Itisalsooneofthelargesteventstocollectmoneyintheworldinordertoattractmorefunds,somerunnersdressupinfancycostumes.WimbledonWimbledonrunsannuallyfromlateJunethroughearlyJuly,Wimbledonistheoldestandmostfamoustennistournamentintheworld,theonlyGrandSlameventplayedongrasscourts.Startedin1877,heeventisoftenattendedbymembersoftheRoyalFamily,Wimbledontraditionsincludetheeatingofstrawberriesandcreamthatcanbeaccompaniedbyanoptionalglassofchampagne.36.Whichofthefourfestivalshasthelongesthistory?A.NewYear'sDayParade. B.OxfordandCambridgeBoatRace.C.LondonMarathon. D.Wimbledon.37.LondonMarathonisdifferentfromtheotherthreeinthat______.A.ithasthepurposeofdonatingmoneytoothereventsB.itattractsmanymorefansfromaroundtheworldC.itistheonlyfestivalaccompaniedbylivebandD.ithasthefunctionofraisingmoney【答案】36.B37.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要介绍了四个在伦敦盛行的节日活动的相关信息【36题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章内容可知四个节日的时间分别是1987年，1829年，1981年和1877年起先的。依据OxfordandCambridgeBoatRace中的“Since1829eachspringthetwoEngland'smostfamousuniversitiesracealonga6.7kilometerstretchoftheThamesRiverinwhatisperhapsthemostfamousrowingeventintheworld.”自1829年春天以来，这两所英国最闻名的高校沿着泰晤士河6.7公里的河段进行竞赛，这或许是世界上最闻名的划船项目由此可知，牛津和剑桥的划船竞赛始于1829年，是四个节日中历史最悠久的。故选B。【37题详解】细微环节理解题。依据LondonMarathon部分中Itisalsooneofthelargesteventstocollectmoneyintheworldinordertoattractmorefunds,somerunnersdressupinfancycostumes.可知它也是世界上最大的捐献活动之一，为了吸引更多的资金，一些跑步者穿着奇装异服。由此可知，伦敦马拉松与其他三个节日活动不同因为它有筹款的功能。故选D。BOverthepastfewmonthshugegroupsoflocusts(蝗虫),oneofwhichoccupiedanareamorethanthreetimesthesizeofNewYorkCity,haveeatenupcropsacrosstheHomeofAfricaandtheMiddleEast,leavinganestimated20millionpeopleatriskoffamine(饥荒).Thefirstgeneration'seggsarestartingtohatch,andnowevenbiggerswarms(虫群)areformingthreatening.CountriesfromtheDemocraticRepublicofCongotoYemen,Iran,PakistanandIndia,“representingathreattofoodsecurityandlivelihoods,”saystheU.N.'sFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO).Desertlocusts'populationsexplodewhenweatherconditionsareright.Thatexplosioncancreatehugeswarmsthatcantravelgreatdistance-morethan90milesinaday-insearchoffood.WarmweatherandunusuallyheavyrainsintheHornofAfricaattheendof2024providedthemoist(潮湿的)soilnecessaryforhatchingeggs.Fromthere,theinsectsspreadrapidly,resultinginoneoftheworstoutbreakstheregionhasseeninmorethan70years.Atypicalswarmnumbering4billionto8billionlocusts,canconsumeinonedaythesameamountoffoodas35millionpeople.SomeswarmshavebeensothickinpartsofKenyathattheyhavepreventedplanesfromtakingoff.Governmentshaveusedwidespreadaerialsprayingofpesticideswhenavailable;inpoorerregions,whereaircraftareunavailable,soldiersbattletheswarmswithhandheldspraypump.TheFAOhasappealedfor$138milliontosupportaffectedcommunities,Ifthelocustsarenotstoppedbeforethenextgenerationhatches,theimpactcouldbeterrible:theFAOguessesthatanadditional25millionpeopleacrosstheregioncouldlosetheircrops.ScientistsinKenyahopeanewcomputer-assistedtrackingprogramthatcombinessatellitedatawithweather-mappingsoftwarewillhelppredicttheswarmsnextdestination,buying-regionalauthoritiesenoughtimetopreparearesponse.Buycoronavirus-relatedtravelrestrictionhavedelayedreliefeffortsaswellasresponsemechanisms.Thelocustshavenosuchtravellimitations.38.Theauthorusesmanystatisticsinthepassagetoshow_____A.thedisastrousconsequenceoftheoutbreaksoflocustsB.theseriousconditionsfacingtheNewYorkCityC.thespeedofswarmsoflocuststravellingD.theexactnumberofcropsconsumedbylocusts39.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thegreatdistanceslocustscantravel.B.Theexplosionoflocusts'population.C.Theperfectconditionsforhatchingtheireggs.D.Theresultoftheunusualoutbreaksoflocusts.40.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Thetravelrestrictionsmayprobablyworsentheurgentsituation.B.Itisunlikelytopredicttheswarms'nextdestinationnow.C.AlotofmoneyhasbeenraisedaftertheFAO'sappealD.It'snotdifficultforhumanstowinthebattleagainstthelocust【答案】38.A39.C40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲解并描述了目前蝗虫泛滥的状况，以及蝗虫泛滥的严峻程度、蝗虫泛滥的天气缘由、给人带来的后果和组织准备做出的应对措施。【38题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中Overthepastfewmonthshugegroupsoflocusts,oneofwhichoccupiedanareamorethanthreetimesthesizeofNewYorkCity,haveeatenupcropsacrosstheHomeofAfricaandtheMiddleEast,leavinganestimated20millionpeopleatriskoffamine.可知在过去的几个月里，成群结队的蝗虫吞噬了整个非洲和中东地区的庄稼，使大约2000万人面临饥荒的危急。其中一个蝗虫群占据的面积是纽约市的三倍多。第一段用详细数据描述了蝗虫占据的面积之大，覆盖面之广、迫使上百万人饥荒，这些都表明白蝗虫爆发给人类带来的灾难性后果。由此可推知，作者在文章中用了很多数据是为了说明蝗虫爆发的灾难性后果。故选A。【39题详解】主旨大意题。依据其次段中WarmweatherandunusuallyheavyrainsintheHornofAfricaattheendof2024providedthemoistsoilnecessaryforhatchingeggs.Fromthere,theinsectsspreadrapidly,resultinginoneoftheworstoutbreakstheregionhasseeninmorethan70years.可知2024年底，暖和的天气和罕见的大雨为非洲之角供应了孵化虫卵所需的潮湿土壤。从那里起先，这种昆虫快速扩散，导致了该地区70多年来最严峻的疫情之一。由此可知，其次段主要描述的是蝗虫大规模孵化的有利条件。故选C。【40题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Buycoronavirus-relatedtravelrestrictionhavedelayedreliefeffortsaswellasresponsemechanisms.Thelocustshave/nosuchtravellimitations.可知与冠状病毒相关的旅行限制延误了救援工作和应对机制。蝗虫没有这样的旅行限制。由此可推知，旅行限制可能会使紧急状况恶化。故选A。【点睛】隐含意义推理推断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/belikelyto等标记性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的示意作出合理的揣测和推断。如第三小题，依据最终一段中Buycoronavirus-relatedtravelrestrictionhavedelayedreliefeffortsaswellasresponsemechanisms.Thelocustshave/nosuchtravellimitations.可知与冠状病毒相关的旅行限制延误了救援工作和应对机制。蝗虫没有这样的旅行限制。由此可推知，旅行限制可能会使紧急状况恶化。故选A。CDogownersswearthattheirfurrybestmendisintunewiththeiremotions,Nowitseemsthissenseofinterspeciesconnectionisreal:dogscansmellyouremotions,andadoptthemastheirownWealreadyknowdogscanseeandhearthesignsofhumanemotionssaysBiagioD'AnielloattheUniversityofNaplesFedericoII,Italy.Butnobodyhadstudiedwhetherdogscouldpickuponolfactory(嗅觉的)signalsfromhumans.“Theroleoftheolfactorysystemhasbeenlargelyundervalued,maybebecauseourownspeciesismorefocusedonthevisualsystem.”saysD'Aniello.However,dogs'senseofsmellingisfarsuperiortoours,D'Anielloandhiscolleaguestestedwhetherdogscouldreallysniffoutouremotions.First,humanvolunteerswatchedvideosdesignedtoinducefear,happinessoraneutralresponseandtheteamcollectedsamplesoftheirsweat.Next,theresearcherspresentedthesesweatsamplestodogs,andmonitoredtheirbehaviorandheartrates.Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.D'Aniello'sstudysuggestshumanscanunconsciously,hijacktheirdogs'emotionbyreleasingsmells.Asecondstudysuggestsdogscanreturnthefavour,usingtheirexpressivefaces.JulianeKaminskiattheUniversityofPortsmouth,UK,andhercolleagueshavefoundthatdogs'facesfaremostexpressivewhentheyknowpeoplearelookingatthem.Theresearchersintroduceddogstoahumanwhowaseitherlookingatthemorfacingawayandeitherofferingfoodornothing.Theteamanalyzedhowmuchthedogs'facialmovementsvariedinthefoursituations.Theyfoundthatthedogs'facialexpressionsvariedmostwhenthepersonwaslookingatthem.Kaminskisaystherewasnosignofa“dinnertableeffect”,which“wouldpredictthatdogstryandlooksuper-cutewhentheywantsomethingfromthehumans”.It'snotclearpreciselyhowdogsvisuallysignalusandhowwerespond,saysMoniqueUdellofOregonStateUniversityinCorvallis.“Thiskindofresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthenatureofthehuman-dogrelationship.”41.HowdidD'Aniello'sresearchteamcarryouttheirstudyondog'sabilityofsniffingouthumans'emotions?A.Byanalyzingthesweatsamplesfromthedogs.B.Bymonitoringdogs'responseCothesamevideosC.Bylettingthedogswatchthevolunteers'expressivefaces.D.Bywatchingthedogs'reactionstothegivensweatsamples.42.Theunderlinedword"hijack"probablymeans?A.Study. B.Control.C.Find. D.Display,43.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondstudy?A.Dinner-tableeffectreallyexists.B.Dogsareverysensitivetohumanattention.C.DogsshowednofacialexpressionwhenofferednothingD.Dogs'facialexpressionsvarymostwhentheywantattention.44.Whatisstillpuzzlingscientistsaccordingtothepassage?A.Howdogsreacttohumansmells.B.Howdogsrespondtohumans'attention.C.Howdogshearandseethesignsofhumans'emotions.D.Howdogscommunicatewithhumansbythesenseofslightly.【答案】41.D42.B43.B44.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。有探讨证明白人和狗跨物种的联系是真实存在的：狗可以嗅到你的情感，并将其作为自己的情感。本文主要通过BiagioD'Aniello进行的两个试验，来证明白狗能识别人类的嗅觉信号。第一个探讨发觉人类的心情反应会影响到狗的心情，其次个探讨则表明狗对人类的留意力特别敏感。【41题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中First,humanvolunteerswatchedvideosdesignedtoinducefear,happinessoraneutralresponseandtheteamcollectedsamplesoftheirsweat.Next,theresearcherspresentedthesesweatsamplestodogs,andmonitoredtheirbehaviorandheartrates.Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.可知首先，探讨人员让志愿者们观看一些旨在引起恐惊、欢乐或中性反应的视频，然后收集他们的汗液样本。接下来，探讨人员将这些汗液样本展示给狗狗，并监测它们的行为和心率。与闻着欢乐或中性气味的狗相比，闻着恐惊气味的狗表现出更多的压力迹象，它们的心率也更高，与生疏人的社交接触也更少。由此可知，D'aniello的探讨小组通过视察狗对给定的汗液样本的反应，来对狗嗅出人类情感的实力进行探讨的。故选D。【42题详解】词义揣测题。依据第三段中Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.可知相比闻着欢乐或中性气味的狗，闻着恐惊气味的狗表现出更多的压力迹象。他们的心率也更高，与生疏人的社交接触也更少。由此可知，人类的心情反应会影响到狗的心情。所以D'Aniello的探讨表明人类可以无意识地，限制狗的心情。故划线单词的意思为“限制”。故选B。【43题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数第三段JulianeKaminskiattheUniversityofPortsmouth,UK,andhercolleagueshavefoundthatdogs'facesfaremostexpressivewhentheyknowpeoplearelookingatthem.可知英国朴茨茅斯高校的JulianeKaminski和她的同事们发觉，当狗知道人们在看它们时，它们的面部表情会表现得最为丰富。以及倒数其次段中Theyfoundthatthedogs'facialexpressionsvariedmostwhenthepersonwaslookingatthem.可知他们发觉，当人们看着狗的时候，狗的面部表情改变最大。由此可推知，其次项探讨表明狗对人类的留意力特别敏感。故选B。44题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中It'snotclearpreciselyhowdogsvisuallysignalusandhowwerespond,saysMoniqueUdellofOregonStateUniversityinCorvallis.可知位于科瓦利斯的俄勒冈州立高校的MoniqueUdell说，目前还不清晰狗是如何在视觉上向我们发出信号以及我们是如何反应的。由此可知，科学家目前不清晰狗如何通过稍微的感觉与人沟通的。故选D。【点睛】词义揣测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以依据定义信息和举例揣测词义。如文中常用referto,becalled或that'stosay,suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以依据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等揣测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以依据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，揣测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文供应的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要留意指代词的位置，以便于推断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一样，最终比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如其次小题，依据第三段中Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.可知相比闻着欢乐或中性气味的狗，闻着恐惊气味的狗表现出更多的压力迹象。他们的心率也更高，与生疏人的社交接触也更少。由此可知，人类的心情反应会影响到狗的心情，所以D'Aniello的探讨表明人类可以无意识地，限制狗的心情。故划线单词的意思为“限制”。故选B。DJohnPerrydecideditwastimetogohome.Ith