湖北省华大新高考联盟2025届高三英语4月份教学质量测评试题含解析

PAGE25-湖北省华大新高考联盟2025届高三英语4月份教学质量测评试题（含解析）本试题卷共12页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。留意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔干脆答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.9￡.15.答案是C.1.Whatdoesthewomanexpectthemantodowithher?A.Tohavecoffee.B.Tomakeaschedule.C.Toreadthebook.2.Howmuchwillthewomanpayinall?A.$16.B.S18.C.$24.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atamarket.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heiscareful.B.Heisworried.C.Heisconsiderate.5.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?A.Thedormitoryrule.B.Thedormitoryhour.C.Thedormitoryproblem.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthespeakerssee?A.Ruby'sMistake.B.ThreeWishes.C.RunLiketheWind.7.Whenwillthespeakersmostlikelyarriveatthetheater?A.At5:30pm.B.At5:45pm.C.At6:00pm.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydidthewomangotoCambodia?A.Towork.B.Togoforaholiday.C.Tovisithersister.9.Whichcountryhasimpressedthewomanmost?A.France.B.Italy.C.Morocco.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Marathonracers.B.Coachandplayer.C.Husbandandwife.11.Whatisthewomanconcernedaboutmost?A.Thelackofrunningexperience.B.Thestrengthtofinishtherace.C.Theneedtogotothebathroom.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantododuringtherace?A.Neverstop.B.Havearest.C.Slowdown.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Whatdidthewomandoatthebeachlasttime?A.Sheswaminthesea.B.Sheplayedsandvolleyball.C.Shesatalonealltheway.14.WhatdoesthemanthinkofhikinginMortanPeaks?A.Tiring.B.Challenging.C.Rewarding.15.Whydothespeakersgiveupplayinghandball?A.Theirfriendshavenointerest.B.Therearen'tenoughplayers.C.Thenewsportshallisclosed.16.Whatactivitydothespeakersdecideonatlast?A.Gohiking.B.Goswimming.C.Gocycling.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howdoseagullsbecomeifoftenfedbyhumans?A.Gentle.B.Active.C.Unfriendly.18.Whatmakesseagullschangetheirfeedinghabits?A.Snackbusiness.B.Beachtouring.C.Climatechange.19.Howcanyoukeepseagullsawayfromyoursnacks?A.Hidingunderanumbrella.B.Lookingintotheireyes.C.Runningfor21seconds.20.Whatdoesthewriteradviseyoutodowithseagulls?A.Neverplaywiththem.B.Neverfeedthemwithsnacks.C.Neverdisturbthemonbeaches.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACaveExploringSUNDAY,FEBRUARY9,2024,8AM-6PMComeexploreundevelopedcaveswithouttheuseofbuilt-inelectricity,walkways,orstairs.Preparetogetmuddy!Onthistrip,caverswillclimbslowlythroughtightcaveentrancesthatopenintolargecaves.Thecaveshavedepositsandhaveformationsthathavebeenformingforthousandsofyears.Therearedelicateecosystems(生态系统)thatyoushouldprotectwell.Location(位置):VallecitoCostStudent:$35|Public:$75UtahSpringBreakRoadTripMONDAY,MARCH30,5AM-SATURDAY,APRIL4,2024,6PMExplorethesouthwestonthisUtahRoadTripwithPeakAdventures!Seehugerockarches,sweepingdesertviews,andglowingsunsetsreflectingofforangeUtahsandstone.Dailyactivitieswillincludecamping,hiking,andsightseeing.Participantsmayhavetheopportunityforhigheradventureactivitiesasdeterminedbythegroup.Location:UtahCostStudent:$480|Public:$700TahoeDayHikeSATURDAY,APRIL11,2024,7AM-6PMExperiencethefreshairandgrandLakeTahoeviewswhilehikinginD.L.BlissStatePark.LocatedontheWestShoreofLakeTahoe,thishikehostssomeofLakeTahoe’sbesttrails(小道).DestinationsmayincludeBalancingRock,RubiconPoint,andthehighestlighthouseintheUnitedStates.Ifweatherandsnowpackpermit,wemayhavetheopportunitytotrysnowshoeing!Besuretopackyourcamera!Location:TahoeCostStudent:$35|Public:$75FullMoonHikeSATURDAY,FEBRUARY8,2024,4PM-11PMComehikeunderthefullmoon!Experiencenatureindifferentviews,firstbythecolorfulsunset,thenbythelightofthefullmoon!Thisbeginneradventureisagreatwaytomakenewfriends.Location:CronanRanchCostStudent:$25|Public:$401.WhatareyouremindedtodoinCaveExploring?A.Keepawayfromelectricity.B.Leaveitsecosystemsundamaged.C.Usewalkwaysorstairssafely.D.Avoidgettingmuchtoodirty.2.Whichallowsitsmemberstochoosetheirownadventures?A.CaveExploring.B.TahoeDayHike.C.FullMoonHike.D.UtahSpringBreakRoadTrip.3.Whichdestinationisrecommendedifyouareaninexperiencedhiker?A.CronanRanch. B.Vallecito.C.Utah. D.Tahoe.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个适合的户外活动，包括活动的内容、时间以及留意事项等。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据CaveExploring中的Therearedelicateecosystemsthatyoushouldprotectwell.(在这些洞窟中，有些易损的生态系统应当好好爱护)可知，在洞窟探险中，不要破坏它的生态系统。故选B。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据UtahSpringBreakRoadTrip中的Participantsmayhavetheopportunityforhigheradventureactivitiesasdeterminedbythegroup.(参与者可能有机会进行由小组确定的更高的冒险活动)可知，该项目允许团体成员自己确定某些活动。故选D。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据FullMoonHike中的Thisbeginneradventureisagreatwaytomakenewfriends.(这项初级冒险活动是一种交挚友的很好的方式)可知，这个活动是适合新手的。Location:CronanRanch。故选A。【点睛】在阅读理解中，细微环节理解题我们往往通过题干中的关键词定位到文章某一段或某一句话来找到答案。但须要留意有时题干中的关键词跟文章中的关键词是近义词，略微增加了一点点难度。比如第3小题，题干中的aninexperiencedhiker和文章的关键句中的beginneradventure是相对应的。依据FullMoonHike中的Thisbeginneradventureisagreatwaytomakenewfriends.(这项初级冒险活动是一种交挚友的很好的方式)可知，这个活动是适合新手的。Location:CronanRanch。BI’vebeenteachingcollegeformanyyears.I’velonggrownusedtothetornjeans,slippers,shortsinthedeadoftheMainewinter,andballcapswornbackward.Still,whenoneofmystudentsshowedupinpajama(睡衣)bottoms,Icouldn’thelpasking,“Didyoujustrolloutofbed?”Heresponded:“Fiveminutesago.”I'mfamiliarwiththeschoolofthoughtthatsaysthathowstudentsdressisunrelated,solongasthey’relearning.Iputitinthesamecategoryas“Grammarandspellingdon’tmatter,solongasthey’reexpressingthemselves”.Iwonderaboutthewisdomofblurring(模糊)thelinebetweenbedanddesk.IsmilewhenIthinkbackontheoccasionsthatmyparentsassociatedwithneedingtolookrespectable.Once,whenIwas14andmybrotherwas12,myfatherannouncedthathewastakingusintoManhattan(justasubwayrideaway)toseetheplay.MybrotherandIwereexcitedatthehope,butwereshortlydiscouragedwhenmyfatherdirectedustoputonourbestclothes,includingjacketsandties.“Butwhy?”Ibegged,notwantingtochangeoutofmycomfortablejeans,T-shirt,andsneakers.“Because,”hesaid,“we’regoingtoNewYork.”Icanstillseethestarsinhiseyesashesaidthesewords.Soyes,Idowantmystudentstobecomfortable.ButIalsowanttopaymyrespectstothosestudentswhobelievethatappearancescount.Ithinkofthewoman—asomewhatolderstudent—Ihadinclassafewyearsback.Shewassomeonetowhomsciencedidnotcomeeasily:Sheworkeddeterminedlyforrespectablegradesoneveryhomework.ButIwasstruckbyhowtastefullyshedressed,dayafterday.Once,Isaid,“Youalwayslookedsonice.”Immediately,sheanswered,“I’vewaited12yearstoreturntoschool,andIdressuptoremindmyselftobeseriousaboutit.”And,Imightadd,sheseemedperfectlycomfortabletome.4.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.Studentscarelittleaboutclassattendance.B.Studentsshowtheirpersonalitythroughdress.C.Studentstendtoignoretheirpersonalappearance.D.Studentsmakeitahabittobelateforschool.5.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardstheschoolofthought?A.Ambiguous. B.Supportive.C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewriter’sparentsfromParagraph3?A.Theyconsideredpersonalappearanceimportant.B.Theylookedaftertheirchildrenwithgreatcare.C.TheyoftenpaidavisittoNewYork.D.Theypreferreddressingformallyonasubway.7.Whydidtheolderstudentdresstastefullyeveryday?A.Tofeelcomfortableatclasswithothers.B.Toshowherseriousattitudetowardslearning.C.Toimpressotherswithrespectableclothes.D.Tohideherembarrassmentatpoorhomework.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者发觉高校生不在意自己的穿着，并表示自己反对这种行为。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的I’velonggrownusedtothetornjeans,slippers,shortsinthedeadoftheMainewinter,andballcapswornbackward.Still,whenoneofmystudentsshowedupinpajama(睡衣)bottoms,Icouldn’thelpasking,“Didyoujustrolloutofbed?”(我早就习惯了缅因州隆冬季节破旧的牛仔裤、拖鞋、短裤，还有反着戴的球帽。不过，当我的一个学生穿着睡裤出现时，我忍不住问道：“你刚从床上爬起来吗？”)可知，学生不太留意仪容仪表。故选C。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段内容可知theschoolofthought指的是“学生的穿着与学习无关”。第三段作者谈到小时候父亲对他穿着的要求；第四段作者提到希望自己的学生过得舒适，但也想对那些认为外表很重要的学生表示敬意。同时，作者还列举自己以前的一个学生留意仪表从而让自己对她印象很好的例子。这些说明作者对此持反对的看法。故选D。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中的IsmilewhenIthinkbackontheoccasionsthatmyparentsassociatedwithneedingtolookrespectable.(当我回想起我的父母认为我须要看起来风光 的时候，我会微笑)以及后面作者举出的例子可知，作者的父母对穿着风光 很看重。故选A。【7题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的Immediately,sheanswered,“I’vewaited12yearstoreturntoschool,andIdressuptoremindmyselftobeseriousaboutit.”(她立即回答说，“我等了12年才回到学校，我装扮起来提示自己要仔细对待这件事。”)可知，这名年长的女生回到学校读书很不简单，她每天穿着高雅是为了表达她对学习的敬重之意。故选B。CAmericanGraceBrowniskeepingbusyduringherfirstyearofhighschool.Shestudiesalltherequiredsubjects,suchasEnglish,historyandmathematics,aswellastakingclassesinLatin.Shealsosingsinamusicgroupandplaysthepiano.Theschooldaylastsfromabouteighto’clockinthemorningtothreeintheafternoon.Butbecauseofhermanyactivities,shehasnotimeforaclassinphysicaleducation,orPE.SoGraceisgettingschoolcreditforvirtualPE.ShewearsafitnesstrackercalledFitbitthatthehighschoolprovided.ShewearstheFitbitonherarmwhiledoingexerciseslasting30minutesorlongerthreetimesaweek.Hercomputerhasasoftwareprogramthatrecordsheractivitywhichshecanpresentforcredit.APEteachermaynotbeguidingtheFitbit-wearingstudentsinperson.Butteachersdoleadstudents’workbysettinggoalssuchasfatburn,usingthetechnologyastheireyesandears.“WecertainlyexercisemoreinonlinePE,”Brownsaid.“There’salotofstandingaroundinregularPE.Online,Idomuchharderworkouts.”Grace’smother,RhondaBrown,remembershowhardPEclassandsoftballgameswereforherbecauseofblindnessinoneeye.ShewouldliketoseeFairfaxCountygivestudentspermissiontoavoidPEiftheyplayschoolsports.“We’resostuckinthetraditionalclassroomsetting.Thesekidsareburning2,000calories(卡路里)duringapracticeandmoreateverygame.”Rhondasaid.“Iwishtheschoolswouldcatchupwiththetimes.”Itisnotclearhowmanyschoolsaresupportingthetrend.Technologyandthecollectionofanystudentdataalwaysraisetheproblemofstudentprivacyconcerns.“Thereisadifferencebetweenphysicalactivityandphysicaleducation,”saidChrisHersl.Physicalactivityisgreatforthebody.Wewanteverybodytomove,butphysicaleducationisaclasswherestudentsaretaughthowtomovetheirbodyandthesocialcontextinwhichtodothat.”8.WhydoesGracetakevirtualPE?A.Sheisbusywithschoolactivities.B.Shepreferssomethingnew.C.Shehasinterestinwearabletechnology.D.ShelovesbeingtrackedwhiledoingPE.9.WhatdoPEteachersdowhiletheirstudentsaredoingvirtualPE?A.Providesomeguidanceintheflesh.B.Helpstudentsgetgoodpersonalexercise.C.Teachstudentshowtowearafitnesstracker.D.Monitorstudentswithtechnologyallday.10.WhydidRhondaalwaysavoidplayinggamesatschool?A.Shecouldn’tcatchupwiththetimes.B.Shewasoftenstuckintraditionalexercise.C.Shecouldn’tburn2,000caloriespergame.D.Shewasblindinoneofhereyes.11.WhatdoesChrisstressinhiswords?A.Wearabletechnologythreatensstudents’privacy.B.Physicalactivitiesneedstudents’teamwork.C.PEisalsoaboutstudents’socialconnection.D.OnlinePEcollectsalotofstudents’data.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着科技的发展，学生们利用可穿戴技术进行网络虚拟体育活动的状况。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的Butbecauseofhermanyactivities,shehasnotimeforaclassinphysicaleducation,orPE.(但是因为她参与了太多活动，因此她没有时间上体育课)可知，Grace忙于学校的各种活动，所以选择上虚拟体育课。故选A。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的Butteachersdoleadstudents’workbysettinggoalssuchasfatburn,usingthetechnologyastheireyesandears.(但是老师们运用网络观看和倾听，通过设置目标，如脂肪燃烧，引导学生运动)可知，老师们在虚拟体育课帮助学生进行良好的个人熬炼。故选B。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的RhondaBrown,remembershowhardPEclassandsoftballgameswereforherbecauseofblindnessinoneeye.(Rhonda记得体育课和垒球当时对她来说是很难的，因为她一只眼睛失明白)可知，因为她一只眼睛失明白，所以总是避开在学校玩嬉戏。故选D。【11题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的Wewanteverybodytomove,butphysicaleducationisaclasswherestudentsaretaughthowtomovetheirbodyandthesocialcontextinwhichtodothat.(我们希望每个人都行动起来，但体育是一个课堂，在这个课堂上，学生们被教育如何移动他们的身体和社会背景，以便做到这一点)可知，Chris认为体育课也和学生的社会联系有关。故选C。DWhenyouthinkoftheHimalayas,youmaypicturetall,rocky,snow-coveredpeaks.Butthat’snottrue.Thesubnival(亚冰雪的)regionisthezonebetweenthetreelineandthesnowline.Itis5to15timesaslargeastheareasofglaciers(冰川)andpermanentsnow,whichmeansstudyingitisvitaltounderstandingtheHimalayasasawhole.Thetreelineistheedgeofanecosystemwheretreesareabletogrow,andbeyondthetreelineenvironmentalconditionsbecometootoughtoallowtreegrowth.Meanwhile,snowlinesaretheboundariesonmountainsthatseparateareaswithpermanentsnow(wheresnowispresentforthemajorityoftheyear)fromareaswithseasonalornosnow.Researchersusedsatellitedatafrom1993to2024tomeasureplantcoverbetween4,150metersand6,000metersabovesealevel.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthegreatestincreaseinplantcoverwasbetweenanaltitudeof5,000metersand5,500meters.Subnivalplantsmostlyincludesmallshrubsandgrasses.Evenareasoncecompletelyoccupiedbyglaciersnowholdrockscoveredwithmosses(苔藓),lichen(地衣),andsometimesevenflowers.Inaddition,thesnowlineseemstoberetreating,whilethetreelineisexpanding.Thisshowsthattheregionisbecomingwarmer,causingmoremeltingofsnowandallowingvegetationtomoveupinheight.Inthepast40years,25%ofallHimalayanicehasbeenlostduetoglobalwarming.Himalayanglaciersarereducingbyabout0.5meterseachyear.Therateofglaciermeltinghasdoubledinthisdecade.Themeltingofglaciersincreaseswaterintheregion,makingitwetter.Recedingsnowalsoforcesthesnowlinetomoveup,providingagreateramountofareaforthewarmandmoistconditions,whichareperfectforvegetationgrowth.Asofnow,wedonotknowwhethervegetationwillaccelerateorslowdowntherateofglaciermelting.12.Howdoesthewriterdevelopthethirdparagraph?A.Bymakingexplanations.B.Bygivingsomeexamples.C.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.D.Bylistingspecificdata.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retreating”meaninParagraph5?ADisappearing.B.Lengthening.C.Withdrawing.D.Widening.14.WhatisthedirecteffectofglobalwarmingontheHimalayas?A.Thesnowlinemovesup.B.Glaciersaremeltingfaster.C.Thesubnivalareaiswetter.D.Plantsgrowmuchbetter.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheClimateofHimalayasIsChanging.B.IcebergsintheHimalayasDisappear.C.PlantsAreDiverseintheHimalayas.D.PlantLifeSpreadsintheHimalayas.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了探讨人员们发觉随着全球气候改变，喜马拉雅山区的植被都在增加等状况。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段Thetreelineistheedgeofanecosystemwheretreesareabletogrow,andbeyondthetreelineenvironmentalconditionsbecometootoughtoallowtreegrowth.Meanwhile,snowlinesaretheboundariesonmountainsthatseparateareaswithpermanentsnow(wheresnowispresentforthemajorityoftheyear)fromareaswithseasonalornosnow.(树木生长线是树木能够生长的生态系统的边缘，在树木生长线之外的环境条件过于艰难，无法让树木生长。同时，雪线是山上的边界，将长期降雪的地区（全年大部分时间有降雪）与季节性或无降雪地区分开)可知，本段介绍了林木线以及雪线，并分别进行了说明，因此是通过做说明绽开第三段内容的。故选A。【13题详解】词义揣测题。结合第五段划线词后面的whilethetreelineisexpanding(树木生长线正在扩大)可知，这里的while表示对比，因此说明前面的snowline正在后退。withdrawing意为“撤离”。故选C。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第六段中的Inthepast40years,25%ofallHimalayanicehasbeenlostduetoglobalwarming.(在过去的40年里，由于全球变暖，喜马拉雅的百分之二十五的冰都溶化了)和Therateofglaciermeltinghasdoubledinthisdecade.(在这十年里，冰山溶化速率翻了一倍)可知，气候变暖干脆导致冰川溶化加快。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读可知，探讨发觉由于全球变暖，喜马拉雅冰川溶化，植物在相宜的环境下起先不停地生长。因此D选项PlantLifeSpreadsintheHimalayas.(植物的生命在喜马拉雅山扩散)最适合作本文标题。故选D。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HowDoLanguagesDie?Howmanylanguagesdoyouthinkthereareintheentireworld?Altogether,peoplearoundtheworldspeakabout6,000languages.Doesthatsurpriseyou?___16___Today,abouthalftheworld’sspokenlanguagesareendangered.Expertssaythatanotherlanguagebecomesextinct(灭亡)everytwoweeks.Howdolanguagesdie?Theydiewhenpeoplestopusingthem.Butmostpeopledon’tjuststopspeakingtheirnativelanguage.It’smorecomplexthanthat.Moreoften,they’reeitherpressuredorforcedtodoso.___17___They’reoftenpressuredtospeakthearea’smainlanguageinsteadoftheirown.Thisleadsmanyimmigrantstostopusingtheirnativelanguage.Theymightnoteventeachittotheirchildren.Slowly,thenativelanguagediesout.Sometimes,languagesshiftordevelopinsteadofbecomingextinct.HaveyoueverheardthatLatinisadeadlanguage?Inaway,itis.NoonetodayspeaksLatinastheirnativelanguage.___18___PeoplestilluseLatininmanyways.Scientistsuseittonameplantsandanimals.___19___Thatmeansthedeathofalanguagehurtspeople’sabilitytotakepartinculturaltraditions.Theymightloseaccesstostoriesandknowledgethatwerepasseddownformanyyears.Thisisonereasonwhymanypeopletodayareworkingtosavedyinglanguages.Howcanlanguagesbesaved?Someyoungpeoplelearnthelanguageoftheirancestorsasadults.Linguiststraveltheworldtorecordthelastnativespeakersofdyinglanguages___20___Theydosoinhopesthatfuturegenerationswillbringthelanguagesbacktolife.Manyeducationalprogramstodayalsoworktohelppreservenativelanguagesandcultures.A.Thereusedtobemanymore!B.Youmayhaveuseditinschool.C.Languageisextremelycloselytiedtoculture.D.Butthatdoesn’tmeanitdisappearedcompletely.E.Oneexampleiswhenpeoplemovetoadifferentcountry.F.Somenativespeakerswritedictionariesintheirlanguage.G.Thereareplentyofthingstodotohelpprotectlanguages.【答案】16.A17.E18.D19.C20.F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些语言为什么会消逝，以及爱护语言免于消逝的做法等。【16题详解】由上文Altogether,peoplearoundtheworldspeakabout6,000languages.(全世界的人总共说大约6000种语言)及下文Expertssaythatanotherlanguagebecomesextinct(灭亡)everytwoweeks.(专家说每两周另一种语言就会消逝)可推知过去，世界上存在的语言比6000种还要多。由此可知，A.Thereusedtobemanymore!(过去比现在多得多！)符合语境。故选A。【17题详解】由上文Moreoften,they’reeitherpressuredorforcedtodoso.(更常见的状况是，他们要么承受压力，要么被迫这样做)和下文Thisleadsmanyimmigrantstostopusingtheirnativelanguage.(这就导致移民停止了运用他们母语)可知，此空是承上启下，连接上下文，说明什么状况下人们会被迫停止运用母语。且E选项中whenpeoplemovetoadifferentcountry与下文关键词immigrants对应。由此可知，E.Oneexampleiswhenpeoplemovetoadifferentcountry.(一个例子是当人们搬到另一个国家)符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】由上文NoonetodayspeaksLatinastheirnativelanguage.(现在没有人把拉丁语作为他们的母语)和下文PeoplestilluseLatininmanyways.(人们仍旧在许多方面运用拉丁语)可知，本空起连接作用，D.Butthatdoesn’tmeanitdisappearedcompletely.(但这并不意味着它已经完全消逝了)符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】由下一句Thatmeansthedeathofalanguagehurtspeople’sabilitytotakepartinculturaltraditions.(这意味着一种语言的消亡损害了人们参与文化传统的实力)可知，语言与文化密切相连，因此，此空应当表述语言与文化的关系。C.Languageisextremelycloselytiedtoculture.(语言与文化紧密相连)符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】由下文Theydosoinhopesthatfuturegenerationswillbringthelanguagesbacktolife.(他们这么做是希望后代能把这些语言带回到生活中)可知，他们做了某些事来爱护和传承语言。F.Somenativespeakerswritedictionariesintheirlanguage.(一些说母语的人用他们的语言编写字典)正是他们所做的事情，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B.C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，TheRoadLessTravelledPennsylvaniaisoneoftheoldeststatesinAmerica,andit’sfullofmysterious(神奇的)places!Oneofthoseplaceshasbeen___21___fordecades.Mydadloves___22___,andhelearnedthatitwas___23___tothepublic.So,whenIwas14,wetookabiketripto___24___thishistoricroad!Mydadchosea16-milesectionoftheroadforustoride.Partofitincludedan___25___tunnel(隧道)calledtheSidelingHillTunnelwhichisoveramilelong!To___26___,wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourbikelightshadbatteries.Inthemorning,we___27___ourbikesintothetrunkofthecar.Thenwesetoff.Afteratwo-hourdrive,wereachedtheroad.Itwasa___28___afternooninearlyfall.Ididn’tthinkwewouldsweattoomuch.Butourtripstartedwitha___29___uphillclimb!AsweapproachedtheSidelingHillTunnel,Ifelt______30______asitwasblackinside!Butmydad______31______me.Hesaidhewouldberightbesideme.Heremindedmetostay______32______allthewayandkeepmy______33______on!Whenweenteredthetunnel,thesoundofourbikesspreadthroughthe______34______.Ishinedmyflashlightaroundandsaw______35______coveredingraffiti(涂鸦).Iwasprettyscared,but______36______followingmydadhelpedmerelax.Thatgaveme______37______tokeepgoing.AndIwassohappytorideoutintothebrightafternoon!WheneverIam______38______hardshipsinlifeIrememberthis______39______.Itremindsmethatmydadisalwaysbesideme.Heturnsonthelightof______40______inmyheart.Andhegivesmecouragetokeepridingthroughlife’sdarktunnels.21.A.occupied B.abandoned C.ruined D.founded22.A.nature B.fun C.history D.action23.A.familiar B.dangerous C.strange D.open24.A.explore B.challenge C.follow D.track25.A.old B.empty C.ugly D.ordinary26.A.start B.prepare C.compete D.arrive27.A.turned B.moved C.loaded D.lifted28.A.wet B.short C.hot D.cool29.A.long B.steady C.unique D.rapid30.A.content B.nervous C.comfortable D.curious31.A.persuaded B.believed C.encouraged D.forced32.A.active B.energetic C.silent D.cautious33.A.light B.cellphone C.camera D.music34.A.cave B.darkness C.direction D.atmosphere35.A.rocks B.roofs C.walls D.bases36.A.appealingto B.insistingon C.waitingfor D.focusingon37.A.courage B.pressure C.expectation D.honor38.A.accountingfor B.goingthrough C.testingout D.carryingon39.A.accident B.past C.story D.trip40.A.hope B.appreciation C.interest D.trust【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C36.D37.A38.B39.D40.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者和父亲一次到人迹罕至的地方去骑车旅行，穿越一段很长的黑暗隧道以及这次旅行给作者带来的影响。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个地方已经荒废了数十年了。A.occupy占据；B.abandon抛弃，荒废；C.ruin毁灭；D.find发觉。依据文章标题中的LessTravelled及上文mysterious(神奇的)可推知，这条路荒废很久了。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲喜爱历史。A.nature自然；B.fun开心；C.history历史；D.action行动。依据下文So,whenIwas14,wetookabiketripto___4___thishistoricroad!可知，父亲带作者去探究这条有历史故事的路，说明作者父亲喜爱历史。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并且他了解到这个地方是对公众开放的。A.(be)familiar(tosb.)被某人熟知；B.(be)dangerous(tosb.)对某人来说很危急；C.(be)strange(tosb.)对某人来说很惊奇；D.(be)open(tosb.)向某人开放。依据下文So,whenIwas14,wetookabiketripto___4___thishistoricroad!可知，So表因果关系，说明这条路是向公众开放的。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在我14岁的时候，我们骑车旅行去探究这条历史性的道路。A.explore探究；B.challenge挑战；C.follow跟随；D.track追踪。前面谈到宾夕法尼亚州是美国最古老的州之一，有许多神奇的地方，所以他们是去探究这条有历史的道路。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：行程的一部分包括一条古老的被称作theSidelingHillTunnel的隧道，这条隧道超过了一英里长。A.old古老的；B.empty空的；C.ugly丑陋的；D.ordinary一般的。前文谈到这条道路具有历史性，比较古老，因此这个隧道也是古老的。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打算，我们检查了轮胎，并确保我们的自行车灯有电池。A.start起先；B.prepare打算；C.complete竞赛；D.arrive到达。依据下文wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourbikelightshadbatteries.说明他们在做打算工作。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把自行车放到汽车的后备箱里，然后动身了。A.turn变成；B.move搬家；C.load装载；D.lift举起。依据后面的intothetrunkofthecar.Thenwesetoff.可知，是放入后备箱。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个早秋的凉快的下午。A.wet潮湿的；B.short短的；C.hot热的；D.cool凉快的。依据后面的inearlyfall可知，早秋应当是凉快的。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们旅行起先于一个漫长的上坡攀登。A.long长的；B.steady稳定的；C.unique独特的；D.rapid急速的。依据上文Ididn’tthinkwewouldsweattoomuch.可知，作者原来以为不会出汗，but表示转折关系，可推知这个上坡是一段很长的距离。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到惊慌，因为隧道里很黑。A.content满足的；B.nervous惊慌的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.curious新奇的。依据本空后面的asitwasblackinside可知，隧道里面一片漆黑，因此作者感到惊慌担心。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我的父亲激励了我。A.persuade劝告；B.believe信任；C.encourage激励；D.force强迫。依据本空后面的Hesaidhewouldberightbesideme.可知，父亲在激励作者。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他提示我一路上保持谨慎，要始终让自行车的灯亮着。A.active活跃的；B.energetic充溢活力的；C.silent宁静的；D.cautious谨慎的。依据上文itwasblackinside可推知，父亲让作者一路上当心骑车。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他提示我一路上保持谨慎，要始终让自行车的灯亮着。A.light灯；B.cellphone手机；C.camera照相机；D.music音乐。依据上文的ourbikelightshadbatteries和blackinside可知，由于隧道里面漆黑，父亲建议作者要当心，并且要始终让自行车的灯亮着，来照亮前行的路。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们进入隧道的时候，我们骑车的声音穿过黑暗传过来。A.cave洞窟；B.darkness黑暗；C.direction方位；方向；D.atmosphere大气；气氛。依据上文itwasblackinside可知，作者和父亲在隧道里面骑行的时候，自行车发出的声音在黑暗中回响。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把灯照向四周，看到了刻在墙上的涂鸦。A.rock岩石；B.roof屋顶；C.wall墙壁；D.base地基。依据上文weenteredthetunnel可知，作者在灯光的照射下，看到了隧道的墙壁上的涂鸦。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很胆怯 ，但是集中精力跟着父亲使我放松下来。A.appealto呼吁；B.insiston坚持主见；C.waitfor等待；D.focuson集中于。依据上文提到作者看到隧道中的图画深感胆怯 ，以及下文跟随父亲帮助我放松下来，可以推知，作者是集中精力跟随在父亲后面才不那么胆怯 。故选D。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给了我接着前进的志气。A.courage志气；B.pressure压力；C.expectation期望；D.honor荣誉。That指上文followingmydadhelpedmerelax.说明这样做给了作者前行的志气。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论我在生活中经验什么困难，我都记得这段旅程。A.accountfor(在数量方面)占，说明；B.gothrough经验；C.testout检验；D.carryon接着进行。依据本空后面的hardshipsinlife可推知，作者想要表达在生活中经验艰难困苦。故选B。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我在生活中经验什么困难，我都记得这段旅程。A.accident事故；B.past往事；C.story故事；D.trip旅程。上下文都在记述作者与父亲的一次探险旅程。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他打开了我心中的希望之灯。A.hope希望；B.appreciation观赏；C.interest爱好；D.trust信任。依据前文的Itremindsmet