上海市奉贤区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷

2023学年第二学期高一年级英语期中评估(满分140分，时间120分钟)Ⅰ．ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．Atthebutcher’sB．Inarestaurant.C．Onthefarm.D．Inasupermarket.2．A．Bossandsecretary.B．Operatorandcaller.C．Librarianandstudent.D．Customerandrepairman3．A．Hemustattendaclass.B．Hemustmeethisteacher.C．Hemustfinishhishomework.D．Hemustgooutwithhisroommate.4．A．It’snotasgoodasitwas.B．It’sbetterthanitusedtobe.C．It’sbetterthanpeopleexpectD．It’sevenworsethanpeoplesay.5．A．ThewomanhasapracticalgoalB．Thewomancansurelylivealonglife.C．Thewomanhastakentherightstepstostayhealthy.D．Thewomanshouldgiveupcheeseburgerstolivelonger.6．A．Anattractivehut.B．Asunnyday.C．raincoat.D．Alovelyhat7．A．He’snotgoingtocookhisowndinner.B．Heplanstodothesameashisbrother.C．Helovesthedinnerhisbrothercooks.D．Hewantstotakeonhisownresponsibility.8．A．ApplyingtoHarvardwillbefun.B．HeisconfidentofgettingintoHarvard.C．HehasnochoicebuttoapplytoHarvard.DThewomancangetthemanintoHarvard9．A．Thewomanisteachingthemanhowtocook.B．Thereisnothingthemancandotocookthedish.C．Thecookbookcontainsdifficultinstructionstofollow.D．Themanisgoodatfollowingwhatissaidinthecookbook.10．A．Thewomanistoobusytogotothedinner.B．Thewomanwilldefinitelygotothedinner.C．Thewomanwillprobablydeclinetheinvitation.D．Thewomanisaskingaboutthetimeforthedinner.SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11．A．BostonCookingSchoolB．TollHouseInn.C．Achocolatecompany.D．Nestle’sbranch12．A．MixsmashedchocolatewithotheringredientsandbakeditB．Coverthesurfaceofthecookieswithmeltedchocolate.C．Spreadbutteronsemi-sweetchocolatedesserts.D．Shapemeltedchocolateintothickpieces.13．A．Shekeptitasasecret.B．ShesoldittoNestle.C．SheappliedforapatentD．Sheshareditpublicly.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14．A．Theysupportvariouslivingcreatures.B．Theyreducegreenhousegasemissions.C．Theybringabouthugeeconomicbenefits.D．Theyprotectthecoastagainstmeltingice.15．A．AustraliaB．Canada.C．America.D．China.16．A．TourismwillfacestrongdeclineB．BeachlossesarecausingclimatechangeC．Halfoftheworld’ssandybeachescoulddisappear.D．BeachesplayanimportantpartintheecosystemQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17．A．London.B．Barcelona.C．Madrid.D．Iceland18．A．Shewasscheduledtomeetmorecustomersinothercities.B．Hershipwasdelayedbythewindblowingsouthwards.C．Cloudsofvolcanoashthreatenedpassengers’health.D．Volcaniceruptioncausedherflighttobecancelled.19．A．Shetriedvariousmeansoftransportexceptthecoach.B．Shehadatoughjourneybackhomewithmanytransfers.C．SheenjoyedthelovelysceneryinvariouscitiesinSpain.D．ShemanagedtobookaticketwiththeBritishairlineatlast.20．A．Hepaidlittleattentiontothenewsmedia.B．Hedidn’tcareaboutmeaninglesspastimes.C．Hewasoutofemploymentfortoolong.D．Hewastoobusytomakepreparationsforit.Ⅱ．GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheHistoryofSnacksHamburgers,sandwichesandpizzaaresomeoftheworlds’favouritesnacks,buthaveyoueverwondered___1___firstatethem?Readontofindoutmore.ThehamburgerThehamburgerstartedlifeassmallpiecesofrawbeef___2___(eat)bytheTartars,atribewhoinvadedEuropeintheMiddleAges.___3___theyateit,theyusedtoputthemeatontheirhorseunderthesaddle(马鞍)theyweresittingoninordertomakeitsoft.WhentheTartarsarrivedinHamburg,thepeoplemixedthebeefwithlocalspices,frieditandcalledittheHamburgSteak.GermanswhocametotheUSAtookthisrecipewiththemanditbecameknown___4___ahamburgerthere.ThesandwichPeoplesaythatitwasJohnMontague,theFourthEarlofSandwich,___5___inventedthesandwich.Montagueenjoyedplayingcardsinhisfavouriterestaurant,theBeefSteakClubinLondon.Hecould___6___(find)theremostdaysandsomeofhisgameslastedforhours.Oneday,insteadofstopping___7___(eat)lunch,Montagueaskedaservanttobringhimsomemeatbetweentwoslicesofbreadtopreventthecardsfromgettingdirty.Whentheotherplayerssawthis,theybegantoorder’thesameasSandwich’,andsothesandwichgotitsname.PizzaMargheritaIn1889,QueenMargheritaofItalyinvitedchefRafaelleEspositofromhispizzariatovisittheroyalpalaceand___8___(bake)aselectionofpizzasforher.___9___(want)toimpressthequeen,Rafaellemadeaveryspecialpizza.Itwaslargeandtoppedwithtomatoes,mozzarellacheeseandfreshherbstorepresenttheItalianflag,____10____isred,whiteandgreen.TheQueenwasdelightedwiththisdesignandthepizzabecameoneofherfavouritefoods.Whenpeopleheardaboutthis,theyallwantedtotryitandsothepizzaMargheritawasborn.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.incrediblyB.contractC.approachedD.basisE.essentialF.blanketsG.professionallyH.grantedI.strikesJ.mutualK.breakthroughsTheFatherofCoolItisevening,nearfreezing.Thecityispracticallyempty.Fog____11____thePittsburghRailroadStation.Ayoungengineerwalkstheplatform,hisbrainoccupiedwithaproblemthathasobsessedhimformonths.Andthenit____12____him—theArchimedeanlightningbolt(闪电)ofinspiration.Theanswerisliterallyallaroundhim:It’sthefogitself!Theyoungman’snameisWillisHavilandCarrier.Onthatfoggynightin1902,hehituponthetheorythatbecamethe____13____formodernair-conditioningtechnology.CarriergraduatedfromuniversityasamechanicalengineerinJune1901.Amonthlater,hebeganworkingfortheBuffaloForgeCompany,afirmthatproducedheatingandexhaustsystems____14____.Thesummerof1901was____15____hot.Aprintingcompanybecamefrustratedwithvaryinghumidity(湿度)levelswhentryingtoprintincolor.Thesamepaperhadtobeprintedfourtimesinfourcolors,andifthehumiditychangedbetweenprintruns,thepaperwouldslightlyexpandor____16____.Evenamillimeter’smisalignment(错位)lookedawful.Earlythefollowingyear,theprintingcompany____17____BuffaloForge,askingittodeviseasystemtocontrolhumidityintheairaswellasthetemperature.Thefirmturnedtothe25-year-oldCarrier.Bytheearly1850s,two____18____incoolinghadbeenachieved:aFrenchengineerdesignedthefirstabsorptionrefrigerator;andanAmericanphysicianwas____19____apatentforamachinetomakeice.Fromthenon,thechallengewouldlieincontrollinghumidityinsteadofloweringtemperature.Carrier’spartialsolutioninvolvedcirculatingcoldwaterandthenbalancingtheirtemperaturewiththerateofairflow.ItwasatthePittsburghRailroadStationthatthesolutioncametohim.Fewotherinventorshavehadsuchanimpactonmodernlifeandyetremainedsolittle-known.Airconditioning,inasense,hasbecome_____20_____.Andformostofus,thesimpleabilitytocoolourhomesamidthesummer’sheatismorethanenoughreasontobegratefulforCarrier’sfogboundmomentofgenius.Ⅲ．ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Anewphoneappusesvibrationsfromsmartphonestowarnpeopleaboutearthquakes.Thephoneapp___21___suddenshakingoftheearth’ssurfacethroughsensorsinsmartphones.ItiscalledMyShake.ItistheworkoffourresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Theysaidtheycreatedaworldwidewarningsystemthatwould___22___peopleandgivethemtimetoprepare.TheMyShakeappis___23___onlyforAndroidphones.Smartphonesare___24___accelerometers(加速度感应器).Theseinstrumentsmeasuremovement,likethatofacarorairplane.MyShakeusesphoneaccelerometerstomeasureseismic(地震的)activity.Ithasbeen___25___toknowthedifferencebetweennormalactivityandearthquakemovement.Thesoftwaredeveloperssaytheirappisright93percentofthetime.Asmartphonesendsseismicinformationtotheappdevelopers.Ifthedevelopersreceiveseveralnotifications___26___,itrecognizesthatanearthquakemightbetakingplaceorwilltakeplacesoon.Usinginformationsentfromtheapp,thenetworkthen___27___thelocationandstrengthofthequakeinrealtime.MyShakecanrecordmagnitude5.0earthquakesatdistancesof10kilometersorless.MyShakeusesvery___28___power,accordingtoitsdevelopers.Onlywhenseismicactivityis___29___bytheappdoesitbecomeactiveandsendsdatatothenetwork.Theappworksbestwhenyourphoneisrestingona____30____surface,likeatable.ThedevelopershopethatMyShakecanaddtoinformationcollectedbytheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.ThatU.S.agencyhascreatedtheEarthquakeEarlyWarningSystem,also____31____EEW.TheEEWhasdeployed(部署)sensorsformeasuringquakesinmanyareas.Inplaceswherenosuchequipment____32____,MyShakemaybetheonlymethodofearlyquake____33____.Theappalsoshowswaystostaysaferduringanearthquake.Thedeveloperssayitwillbecomemoreeffectiveasmorepeopleuseit.“Ourgoalistobuildaworldwideseismicnetworkandusethedatato____34____theeffectsofearthquakesonusasindividualsandonsocietyasawhole,”saytheresearchers.Thedeveloperssaytheyhopetoaddafeaturethatwould____35____peopleaboutapossibletsunami:ahugewaveafteranearthquake.21.A.reports B.recognizes C.reveals D.reviews22.A.infer B.include C.influence D.inform23.A.acquired B.available C.affordable D.approachable24.A.equippedwith B.madeupof C.filledwith D.inneedof25.A.programmed B.protected C.prohibited D.promised26.A.fromdifferentplaces B.fromonearea C.fromthesamephone D.fromanotherdeveloper27.A.controls B.connects C.estimates D.receives28.A.much B.little C.excessive D.green29.A.activated B.sensed C.resisted D.issued30.A.low B.wooden C.high D.flat31.A.honoredwith B.calledfor C.knownas D.definedas32.A.exists B.forms C.counts D.exploits33.A.protection B.diagnosis C.detection D.resistance34.A.raise B.receive C.record D.reduce35.A.confirm B.appoint C.alert D.acknowledgeSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)KatherineJonson,winnerofthepresidentialmedialoffreedom,refusedtobelimitedbysociety5expectationsofhergenderandracewhileexpandingthebordersofhumanity’sreach--PresidentBarackObama,2015Usinglittlemorethanapencil,aslideruleandoneofthefinestmathematicalmindsinthecountry,Mrs.Johnson,whodiedat101,calculatedtheprecisepaththatwouldletApollo11landonthemoonin1969and,afterNeilArmstrong'shistory-makingmoonwalk,letitreturntoEarthWetthroughoutMrs.Johnson's33yearsinNASAN&FlightResearchDivisionandfordecadesafterward,almostnooneknewhername.Shewasjustoneofthoseunheraldedwomenwho,wellbeforethemodernfeminist(女权)movement,workedasNASAmathematicians.ButitwasnotonlyhergenderthatkeptherlongmarginalizedandlongunsungKatherineJohnson,aWestVirginianative,wasalsoAfrican-American.Butovertime,theworkofMrs.Johnsonandhercolleagues--countlesscalculationsdonemainlybyhand,usingsliderules,chartpaperandinefficientdesktopcalculatingmachines--wonthemalevelofacceptancethatforthemostcompetitiverace.“NASAwasaveryprofessionalorganization,”Mrs.JohnsontoldTheObserverofFayetteville,N.C.,in2010.“Theydidn'thavetimetobeconcernedaboutwhatcolorIwas.”Nor,shesaid,didshe.”Idon'thaveafeelingofinferiority,”Mrs.Johnsonsaidonatleastoneoccasion.”Neverhad.Imasgoodasanybody,butnobetter.”Totheendofherlife,Mrs.Johnsonrefusedpraiseforherroleinsendingastronautsintospace,keepingthemoncourseandbringingthemsafelyhome.”Iwasjustdoingmyjob,”Mrs.Johnsonrepeatedlysaidso.Butwhatajobitwas--done,noless,byawomanbornatatimewhentheoddsweremorelikelythatshewoulddiebeforeage35thanevenfinishhighschool.36.Theunderlinedword“unheralded”mostprobablymeans______.A.notadequatelypaidB.notpreviouslymentionedC.notofficiallyrewarded.D.notfastpromoted37.Itwas___________puttogetherthatmadeMrs.Johnsonamiracle.A.herskincolor,hergenderandthefacilitiesB.hergender,herintelligenceandthefacilitiesC.herskincolor,hergenderandherintelligenceD.herintelligence,herskincolorandthefacilities38.FromMrs.Johnson'scommentsonNASAandherownjob,wecanconcludethat____________.A.shewasconfidentandmodestB.NASAshowsnointerestinstaff'sracesC.ShewassuperiortomostwomeninherageD.NASAisprofessionallyorganizedandsupportive39.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WomanMadeCalculationsB.NASAMarginalizedMathematiciansC.GenderDividedOrganizationsD.MathematicianBrokeBarriers(B)Nottoohot,nottoocold.SpringistheperfecttimetovisitEuropeforidealweather.ThebestEuropeancountriestovisitinthespringinclude:France,Netherlands,Slovakia,Romania,CzechRepublicandsoon.FranceOneofthemosttourist-packedcountriesinEurope,Franceofferslessercrowdsandmoreexcellentweatherduringthespringmonths.JustoutsideofParisaretheimpressivecastlesandcountryhousesofSceaux,wherethecherryblossomcaneasilybeseeninspring.NetherlandsTheNetherlandsiswell-knownforitsvastfieldsofflowers,makingspringaperfecttimeforaDutchholiday.ThetulipfieldsintheNoordoostpolderareamust,aswellasflowerfieldsinFlevolandandKopvanNoord-Holland.InVeluweNationalPark,touristswillberewardedwiththesightofreddeereatinggrass.AtriptotheNetherlandswould,ofcourse,beincompletewithoutavisittoAmsterdam.ThelessercrowdsandlovelyweatherofspringmakeittheperfecttimetoexploreAmsterdam’scanals.SlovakiaSlovakiaisawonderfullydiversecountrywithrichculturalhistoryandawe-inspiringnaturalsites.SlovakParadiseisanaturalparkthatoffers19naturereservesandover350caves.Duetoitshotsummersandcoldwinters,springisaperfecttimetoexploreallthatSlovakiahastooffer.RomaniaRomaniahostsavarietyofgreatculturalsitesandlivelycities,especiallyattractiveduringspringmonths.TheStatueofKingDecebalus,a141-foot-highupperpartofDecebaluscarvedintothesideofarock,isawonderfulattraction.

BrașovOldTown

isoneofEurope’smostcharmingdestinationsforthoselookingtoescapethecapitalcityofBucharest.CzechRepublicDuetoitsimpossiblypreservedGothicarchitecture,PragueiswidelyregardedasthemostimpressivecityinEurope.Assuch,summertimewillbecharacterizedwithcrowdsthatcanruintheromancewithwhichyoushouldexperiencePrague.MayintheCzechRepublicoffersperfectnot-too-hot,not-too-coldweather.ThismakesforidealconditionstocrossCharlesBridgeandtourPragueCastle.40.Ifonewantstoappreciateflowers,hewillmostprobablygoto______.A.France B.Netherlands C.Romania D.CzechRepublic41.Accordingtothepassage,thebestdestinationsfortouristsinterestedinarchitectureare______.A.FranceandRomania B.RomaniaandSlovakiaC.SlovakiaandCzechRepublic D.FranceandCzechRepublic42Whatcanbelearnedaboutthecountriesmentionedinthepassage?A.Theyarepackedwithmorecrowdsinspringthaninotherseasons.B.TouristscantravelinshipswhenvisitingRomaniaandNetherlands.C.Travellerscancatchsightofandfeedwildanimalsinthesecountries.D.Slovakiaisanamazingplacewheretouristscanenjoynaturalbeauty.(C)Otters,arecute,thisnoonecandeny.Theyhavebigeyes,shortandflatnosesandclaws(爪子)liketinyhands.Theylookevencuterwhentheywearhatsandthrowfoodballsintotheirmouthsasiftheywerebarsnacks,likeTakechiyo,apetotterinJapan.DocumentingTakechiyo’sfunnybehaviorhasearnedhisownernearly230,000followersonInstagram,aphoto-sharingapp.Takechiyo’sfamereflectsacrazeacrosseastandSouth-EastAsiaforkeepingthecutecreaturesaspets.EnthusiastsinJapanvisitcaféswheretheypaytohugthem;Indonesianownersparadetheirpetsaroundonleadsorgoswimmingwiththem,thensharetheirpicturesonline.Buttheseenjoyablephotosmaskatradethatisdoingalotofdamage.Evenbeforetheybecamefashionablecompanionsforhumans,Asia’swildottersfacedplentyofthreats.Theirhabitatsaredisappearing.Theyhavelongbeenhuntedfortheircoats,orkilledbyfarmerswhowishtopreventthemconsumingfishes.Thepettrade,whichbeganpickingupintheearly2000sbutappearedtospeedupafewyearsago,hasmadethingsworse.ThenumbersofwildAsiansmall-clawedottersandsmooth-coatedotters,twospeciesthatareinhighestdemand,havedeclinedbyatleast30%inthethreedecadesto2019.Theinternationalagreementthatgovernstradeinwildlife,knownasCITES,nowprohibitscross-bordertradeinthesespecies.Butlawsbanningownershipareoftenpoorlyimplemented,asinThailand,orfullofholes,asinIndonesia.Andtheotter-keepingcrazehasbeendramaticallyimprovedbytheinternet,saysVincentNijmanofOxfordBrookesUniversity.In2017TRAFFIC,aBritishcharitythatmonitorsthewildlifetrade,spentnearlyfivemonthslookingatFacebookandothersocial-mediasitesinfiveSouth-EastAsiancountries.Duringthattime,itfoundaround1,000ottersadvertisedforsaleonline.Inanycase,ottersdonotevenmakeparticularlygoodpets.EveryyeartheJakartaAnimalAidNetwork,acharityinIndonesia’scapital,receivessometenottersfrompeoplewhohavestruggledtolookafterthem.FaizulDuha,thefounderofanIndonesianotter-owners’group,admitsthathistwoanimalsemita“veryspecific”(read:fishy)smell.Theybitehumansandchewonfurniture.Theirscreamcanbeheardblocksaway.Andtheircagesneedcleaningeverytwo-to-threehours.Thatishowoftentheyemptytheirbowels(肠道).43.Thefunctionofthefirstparagraphisto________.A.presentthemainidea B.introducethemaintopicC.setreadersthinking D.illustratethewriter’spoint44.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmainlydrivestheottertrade?A.Thedemandforpetotters. B.Thedisappearanceofotters’habitats.C.Thepopularityofottercoats. D.Thedecreaseoffishes.45.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.thelawsthatprohibitcross-bordertradearestrictinAsiaB.socialmediaplaysasignificantroleintheonlineottertradeC.peopleusuallygiveupottersbecausetheyareendangeredD.ottersaresuitablepetsbecausetheyarefriendlytohumans46.Thepurposeofthewritingisto________.A.advertiseforaphoto-sharingappB.introducethepopularityofpetottersC.discouragetheillegalotterpettradeD.describethecharacteristicsofottersSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.ConflictinLiteratureWhatmakesabookormovieexciting?Whatmakesyouwanttokeepreadingtofindoutwhathappensorstayuntiltheendofthemovie?Conflict.Yes,conflict.____47____Moststoriesarewrittentohavecharacters,asettingandaplot,butwhatsetsapartatrulygreatstoryfromtheonethatmightnotfinishreadingisconflict.Basically,wecandefineconflictasastrugglebetweenopposingforces—twocharacters,acharacterandnature,orevenaninternalstruggle—conflictprovidesalevelofworryintoastorythatengagesthereaderandmakeshimorherinvestedinfindingoutwhathappens.____48____First,youneedtounderstandthedifferenttypesofconflict,whichcanessentiallybebrokendownintotwocategories:internalandexternalconflict.____49____Anexternalconflictisoneinwhichthecharacterfacesachallengewithanexternalforce,likeanothercharacter,anactofnature,orevensociety.____50____Moststoriesfocusononeparticularconflict,butit’salsopossiblethatastorycancontainmorethanone.A.Sohowdoyoubestcreateconflict?B.Fromthere,wecanbreakdownconflictintosevendifferentexamples.C.Byunderstandingwha