2022年云南大学英语考试真题卷15测

2022年云南大学英语考试真题卷

（本卷共分为1大题50小题.作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。）

单位：姓名：考号：

题号单选题多项选择判断题综合题总分

分值

得分

一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意）

1.

Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendof

thepassage,youwi11begiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothepassage.

WhatcausesthepricesoftheteIephonesystemtoIowerinAmerica

A.Thematerialbecamecheaper.

B.Therewasmorecompetition.

C.Morepeopleusedthephones.

D.Thephoneswereconnectedacrossthesea.

2.

Inthissection,youwi11hearseveralnewsitems.Listentothem

carefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions21to23arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthe

newsitem,youwi11begiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothenews.

Whatwasthecauseoftheexplosion

A.Childrenplayingwithfire.

B.Fireworkssetoffinahousewithexplosives.

C.Sparksfromafireworksdisplayfallingonthewarehouse.

D.Thefiringofagun.

3.

Questions24and25arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendof

thenewsitem,youwiIIbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothenews.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthepenalties

A.Afine.

B.Expulsion.

C.Ajailterm.

D.Deathsentence.

4.

Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendof

thepassage,youwi11begiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothepassage.

MentaIdecayduetoagingis.

A.common

B.muchmorecommonthanmostpeoplebelieve

C.muchlesscommonthanmostpeoplebelieve

D.trueofthoseoversixty

5.

InSectionsA,BandCyouwiIIheareverythingONCEONLY.Listen

carefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrect

answertoeachquestiononyourANSWERSHEET.

{{BISECTIONACONVERSATIONS{{/B}}

Inthissection,youwi11hearseveralconversations.Listentothe

conversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions1to3arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheend

oftheconversation,youwiIIbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.

Now,Iistentotheconversation.

WhatdoesBobthinkaboutMary

A.Maryistroubled.

B.Marybasesheropinionsonfacts.

C.Marylooksatthefacts.

D.Maryonlyseeswhatshewantstosee.

6.

Inthissection,youwi11hearseveralnewsitems.Listentothem

carefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions21to23arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthe

newsitem,youwiIIbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothenews.

WhatweretheviIlagersdoingwhentheexplosionoccurred

A.Theywerecelebratingafestival.

B.Theyweredoingexperiments.

C.Theywereworkinginthefactory.

D.Theywereidlinginthestreet.

7.

Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendof

thepassage,youwi11begiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothepassage.

Along-termstudyof136pairsoftwinsshowedthat.

A.theylostalittleabilitytoreasonovertheyears

B.theonlyfactorwhichdeclinedovertheyearswastheirspeedwithwhich

toperformmentaltasks

C.theirmemorywasnotasgoodasithadoncebeen

D.theirmindsbecameabitmoreactiveastheygrewolder

8.

Questions8to10arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheend

oftheconversation,youwi11begiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.

Now,Iistentotheconversation.

WhatdoesthemanoffertodoforHelen

A.Drivehertothetestsite.

B.Helphergetreadyfortheroadtest.

C.Sellheracar.

D.Drivehercarintohergarage.

9.

Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendof

thepassage,youwi11begiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothepassage.

BeforetheBelICompanybecameapubIiclyheldcorporation,howwerethe

callspassedtotheirdestination

A.Manualswitchboards.

B.Readingmanuals.

C.Electronicswitchboards.

D.Voiceswitches.

10.

Inthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassages

carefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions11to13arebasedon.thefollowingpassage.Attheend

ofthepassage,youwiIIbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.

Now,Iistentothepassage.

Inthispassage,whatdoestheterm"coalescence11referto

A.Thegatheringofsmallcloudstoformlargeclouds.

B.Thegrowthofdroplets.

C.Thefallofraindropsandotherprecipitation.

D.Themovementofdustparticlesinthesunlight.

11.

Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheend

oftheconversation,youwi11begiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.

Now,Iistentotheconversation.

Themanhastocallhisforemanabout.

A.tomorrow,sworkschedule

B.whentowork

C.whatheshoulddo

D.theworktime

12.

Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendof

thepassage,youwi11begiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothepassage.

WhateventuaIlyhappenedtothephonecompany

A.Itbecameahugecompany.

B.Itwasbrokenintosmallercompanies.

C.Itwastakenoverbythegovernment.

D.Itwasprofitable.

13.

Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheend

oftheconversation,youwiIIbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.

Now,Iistentotheconversation.

Themanwi11calIhisforemanat.

A.hishome

B.thephonebooth

C.hisoffice

D.hisfriend'shome

14.

Questions27and28arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendof

thenewsitem,youwi11begiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothenews.

FightingbrokeoutontraintoManchester

A.betweenfootballfanssupportingrivalteams

B.betweenfootballplayersofrivalteams

C.betweenfootballsupportersandthepolice

D.betweenfootballplayersandthepolice

15.

Questions29and30arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendof

thenewsitem,youwiIIbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothenews.

Accordingtothenews,whatareDefenseDepartmentofficiaIsexpected

todoonFriday

A.Toannouncetheplanstodetectdrugsmugglers.

B.TostoptheflowofdrugsnorthwardfromLatinAmerica.

C.Toexpandtheuseofmilitarypersonnel.

D.Tothrowmoreships,planesandpersonnelintotheanti-drugmovement.

16.

Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsor

unfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],

[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.

MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.

{IB}}TEXTA{{/B}}

SomehowCaliforniaisalwaysatthecuttingedge,beitinthe

flower-powerdaysofthe1960sorthedotcomboomofthe1990s.AsKevin

StarrpointsoutinhisHistoryoftheState,Californiahaslongbeen

"oneoftheprismsthroughwhichtheAmericanpeople,forbetterandfor

worse,couldglimpsetheirfuture".

Mr.StarristoogoodahistoriantoofferanypatexpIanation;instead,

heconcentratesontheextraordinaryarrayofpeopIeandeventsthathave

ledfromthemythicaIlandofQueenCalafia,throughtheruleofSpain

andMexico,andontothegovernorshipofArnoldSchwarzenegger,an

iron-pumpingfiImstarwithanAustrianaccent.Moreover,hedoessowith

sucheleganceandhumorthathisbookisajoytoread.

WhatemergesisnotalICaliforniansunshineandIight.Thinkback

tothesavageviolencethataccompaniedthe1849GoldRush;ortothe

excIusionordersagainsttheChinese;ortotheriotsthatregularly

markedindustrialandsocialrelationsinSanFrancisco.Californiawas

verymuchtheWiIdWest,havingtowaituntiI1850beforeitcouldforce

itswaytostatehood.

SowhattameditMr.Starr*sanswerisacombinationofgreatmen,

greatideasandgreatprojects.HeemphasizesthedeveIopmentof

California*sinfrastructure,thedeveIopmentofagricuIture;thespread

oftheraiIroadsandfreeways;and,perhapsthemostimportantfactor

fortoday1shi-techCalifornia,thecreationofasuperbsetofpubIic

universities.

Allthis,hewrites,"beganwithwater,the{{B}}sinequanon{{/B}}

ofanyciviIization."HegoesoncheerfuIlytonotethe"monumentaIdamage

totheenvironment"causedbyirrigationprojectsthatwere"plaguedby

claimsofdeception,double-dealingandconfIictofinterest',.

Onevirtueofthisbookisitsstructure.Mr.Startisnevertrapped

byhischronologicalframework.In-stead,whenthesubjectdemandsit,

hemanagesdeftlytoflitbackandforthamongthedecades.Less

satisfyingishisaccountofCalifornia*sculturalprogressinthe19th

and20thcenturies:doeshereaIlyneedtoinvokesomanylong-forgotten

writerstoaccompanysuchnamesasJackLondon,FrankNorris,MarkTwain

orRaymondChandler

ButthatisaminorcriticismforabookthatwiIIbecomeaCalifornia

classic.TheregretisthatMr.Starr,doubtIesspressedforspace,leaves

solittleroom-justabrieffinalchapter-fortheimpIicationsofthe

pastforCalifornia*sfuture.HeposesthequestionthatmostAmericans

prefertoglossover:isCaliforniagovernable"ForalIitsimpressive

growth,thereremainsavoIatiIityinthepoliticsandgovernanceof

California,whichbecameperfectlycleartotherestofthenationin

thefa11of2003whenthevotersofCaliforniarecalledonegovernorand

eIectedanother.”

Indeedso,andMr.Startwiselyavoidsmakinganyprematurejudgment

ontheirchoice.Illssuchassoaringhouseprices,gridIockedfreeways

and"embattled"pubIicschools,combinedwiththebudgetaryproblemsthat

stemfromthetaxrevoltof1978wouldtesttotheIimitanygovernor,

eventheTerminator.AsMr.Starrnotes,nooneshouIdciteCaIifornia

asanunambiguoustriumph:"TherehasaI-waysbeensomethingsIightIy

bipolaraboutCalifornia.Itwaseitherutopiaordystopia,adreamor

anight-mare,ahopeorabrokenpromise-andtooinfrequentlyanything

inbetween.”

Thephrase"sinequanon"inLine1,Para.5possiblymeans.

A.theessentialelements

B.thepremise

C.thecontribution

D.theadvantage

17.{{BHTEXTC{{/B}}

MoralresponsibiIityisalIverywell,butwhataboutmiIitaryorders

Isitnotthesoldier,sdutytogiveinstantobediencetoordersgiven

byhismiIitarysuperiorsAndapartfromduty,wi11notthesoldier

sufferseverepunishment,evendeath,ifherefusestodowhatheis

orderedtoIf,then,asoldieristoIdbyhissuperiortoburnthishouse

ortoshootthatprisoner,howcanhebeheldcriminallyaccountabIeon

thegroundthattheburningorshootingwasaviolationofthelawsof

war

ThesearesomeofthequestionsthatareraisedbytheconceptcommonIy

called"superiororders",anditsuseasadefenseinwarcrimestrials.

Itisanissuethatmustbeasoldasthelawsofwarthemselves,and

itemergedinlegalguiseoverthreecenturiesagowhen,aftertheStuart

restorationin1660,thecommanderoftheguardsatthetrialand

executionofCharIesIwasputontrialfortreasonandmurder.Theofficer

defendedhimselfontheground"thatalIIdidwasasasoldier,bythe

commandofmysuperiorofficerwhomImustobeyordie,"butthecourt

gavehimshortshrift,sayingthat"Whenthecommandistraitorous,then

theobediencetothatcommandisaIsotraitorous."

ThoughnotpreciselyarticuIated,theruIethatisnecessarilyimpIied

bythisdecisionisthatitisthesoldier1sdutytoobeyIawfuIorders,

butthathemaydisobey-andindeedmust,undersome

circum-stances-unIawfuIorders.SuchhasbeenthelawoftheUnited

Statessineethebirthofthenation.In1804,ChiefJusticeJohnMarshaII

declaredthatsuperiororderswouldjustifyasubordinate'sconductonly

"ifnottoperformaprohibitedact,"andtherearemanyotherearly

decisions{{B}}tothesameeffect{(/B)}.

AstrikinglyiIlustrativecaseoccurredinthewakeofthatconfIict

whichmostEngIishmenhaveneverheard(althoughtheirtroopsburnedthe

WhiteHouse)andwhichwecalItheWarof1812.Ourcountrywasbaldly

splitbythatwartooand,atatimewhentheUnitedStatesNavywasnot

especiallypopularinNewEngland,theship-in-the-1ineIndependencewas

lyinginBostonHarbor.Apasser-bydirectedabusiveIanguageatamarine

standingguardontheship,andthemarine,Bevansbyname,ranhisbayonet

throughtheman.Chargedwithmurder,Bevansproducedevidencethatthe

marinesontheIndependencehadbeenorderedtobayonetanyoneshowing

themdisrespect.ThecasewastriedbeforeJusticeJosephStory,next

toMarshalI,theleadingjudicialfigureofthoseyears,whochargedthat

anysuchorderasBevanshadinvoked"wouldbeiIlegalandvoid,"and,

ifgivenandputintopractice,boththesuperiorandthesubordinate

wouldbeguiItyofmurder.Inconsequence,Bevanswasconvicted.

TheorderallegedlygiventoBevanswasprettydrastic,andBoston

Harborwasnotabattlefield;perhapsitwasnottoomuchtoexpectthe

marinetorealizethatIiteralcompIiancemightleadtobadtrouble.But

itisonlytooeasytoconceiveofcircumstanceswherethemattermight

notbeata11clear.DoesthesubordinateobeyatperiIthattheorder

maylaterberuledi11egaI,orisprotectedunlesshehasagoodreason

todoubtitsvaIidity

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatifasoldierobeyshis

superior1sordertoburnahouseortokillaprisoner,.

A.heisrightaccordingtomoralstandards

B.heshouldnotreceiveanypunishment

C.heshouldcertainlybeliableforhisaction

D.hewillbeconvictedaccordingtothelawofwar

18.{{BJJTEXTB{{/B}}

Whenevertwoormore{{B}}unusuaItraitsorsituations{{/B}}arefound

inthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidental

relationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimaIayasandtheTibetanplateau

certainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultures

thatarefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.Howeverthere

isnointentionofadoptingMontesquieu1sviewofclimateandsoiIas

culturaldeterments.TheecoIogyofaregionmerelyposessomeofthe

problemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiIetheproblems

facingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermine

it.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodand

theaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestabIishedrageshad

amarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,it

bIockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.SecondIy,

airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimaIayas,theIandnowformingtheTibetan

upIandshadadry,continentaIclimatewithvegetationandanimal9sIife

similartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparaIlei,

butsomewhatdifferentfromthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwere

aIreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimaIayasandtherelativelysudden

dryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimal

andpIantpopuIation.TheensuingincompIetePleistocenegIaciationshad

afurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutIifein

thearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafew

varietiesofIifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.Isolated

bytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,species

thatbadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwise

havebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefauna

andfloramu11i-pIied.ArmanddescribedtheTibetanfaunaasnothaving

greatvariety,butbeing"striking"intheabundanceoftheparticular

speciesthatarepresent.TheplantIifeissimilarlyIimitedinvariety,

withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofpIantsin

eventherelativelyfertiIeEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthanten

foodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingthe

unavaiIablevegetables.

ThedifficultiesofIivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,

andpopuIatedwithspeciesmoreusua11yfoundinmorehospitabIeclimates,

aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywe11haveinfIuencedtheunusual

polyandroussocietiestypicaIoftheregion.Lattimoreseesthe

maintenanceofmu11i-husbandhouse-hoIdsasbeingpreservedfromearIier

formsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermitted

noexperimentationand"froze1*theculturesthatcamethere.Kawakiwa,

ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthe

besthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.His

detailedstudiesoftheBhoteaviIIageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthis

ideaofpolyandryasamethodoftaIentmobiIityinasituationwhere

eventhebesttaIentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandrous

systemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bythe

rigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtoIay

causativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluences

inthiscase.

Whatarethe"unusualtraitsorsituations"referredtointhefirst

sentence

A.Patternsofanimalsandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Extraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultures.

19.

DecidewhichofthechoicesgivenbeIowwouldbestcorapIetethepassage

ifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.Markthebestchoiceforeach

blankonyourANSWERSHEET.

ThreatsfromnomadicpeopIeinthenorthwere{{U}}(31)

I{/U}}throughoutGhinesehistory.Theywerecontinua11yattackingthe

Chinesenorthern{{U}}(32){{/U}}.Witheachnewemperor,cameendless

debateabouthowto{{U}}(33){{/U}}thebarbarians.Therewerefour

options.{{U}}(34){{/U}}offensivecampaignstodrivethemawayorto

destroythem;createdefensivegarrisons;deveIopdipIomaticand{{II}}

(35){{/U})tieswiththem,orbuildawa11tokeepthemout.

AlItheoptionswere{{U}}(36){{/U})atvarioustimes.Experience

showedthat{(U)}(37){{/U}}campaignsweretoocostIyandvery

risky,{{U}}(38){{/U}}defensivegarrisonscouldnotrespondquickly

enough{{U}}(39){{/U}}Iightningattacksalongalongborder.The

thirdoptionwouldseemtobeavery({U}}(40){{/U)}oneanditwas

infacttriedsuccessfu11y({II}}(41){{/U}}acoupIeofoccasions.Wa11

buiIdingbecamethemostfavoredoptioninmanydynasties.Thethree

dynastieswhich{{U}}(42){{/Uj}themostwallsweretheQin,theHan

andtheMing.

TheeffectivenessoftheGreatWalIinhistoryisstilla

controversial{(U)}(43){{/U}}.Historicalrecordsshowthatthe

waII{{U}}(44){{/U}}atmanytimes{{U}}(45){{/U|}repelinvaders.

Onlyontwooccasionswhenadynastyweakenedfrom{{U}}(46)

{{/U}}wereinvadersfromthenorth{{U}}(47){{/U}}advanceand

conquer.{{11}}(48){{/U}},scholarsthinktheChinesewaIIbuilders

werethemseIvesresponsiblefortheunrestontheborder.Thenomadswere

peopIewhodidnotfarm,sothey{{U}}(49){{/U}}tradewithChinafor

manyessentials.WhentheChineserefusedtotradewiththem,theyhad

nooption{{11}}(50){{/U}}raidbordertowns.

A.continuous

B.constant

C.instant

D.urgent

20.

Questions29and30arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendof

thenewsitem,youwiIIbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothenews.

WhatwasrejectedbyCoIumbiainJanuary

A.TheuseofreconnaissancesatellitesinColumbia.

B.Thetrainingofcounter-narcoticspersonnel.

C.TheproposalofstationingwarshipsofftheColumbiancoast.

D.Theexpandeduseofmilitaryweapons.

21.

Questions27and28arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendof

thenewsitem,youwiIIbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,

Iistentothenews.

peopIearetoappearincourtinManchestertoday.

A.15

B.50

C.5

D.8

22.

Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsor

unfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],

[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.

MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.

{{BJJTEXTA{{/B})

SomehowCaliforniaisalwaysatthecuttingedge,beitinthe

flower-powerdaysofthe1960sorthedotcomboomofthe1990s.AsKevin

StarrpointsoutinhisHistoryoftheState,Californiahaslongbeen

"oneoftheprismsthroughwhichtheAmericanpeople,forbetterandfor

worse,couldglimpsetheirfuture".

Mr.StarristoogoodahistoriantoofferanypatexpIanation;instead,

heconcentratesontheextraordinaryarrayofpeopIeandeventsthathave

ledfromthemythicaIlandofQueenCalafia,throughtheruleofSpain

andMexico,andontothegovernorshipofArnoldSchwarzenegger,an

iron-pumpingfiImstarwithanAustrianaccent.Moreover,hedoessowith

sucheleganceandhumorthathisbookisajoytoread.

WhatemergesisnotalICaliforniansunshineandIight.Thinkback

tothesavageviolencethataccompaniedthe1849GoldRush;ortothe

exclusionordersagainsttheChinese;ortotheriotsthatregularly

markedindustrialandsocialrelationsinSanFrancisco.Californiawas

verymuchtheWiIdWest,havingtowaituntiI1850beforeitcouldforce

itswaytostatehood.

SowhattameditMr.Starr*sanswerisacombinationofgreatmen,

greatideasandgreatprojects.HeemphasizesthedeveIopmentof

California,sinfrastructure,thedeveIopmentofagricuIture;thespread

oftheraiIroadsandfreeways;and,perhapsthemostimportantfactor

fortoday*shi-techCaIifornia,thecreationofasuperbsetofpubIic

universities.

Allthis,hewrites,"beganwithwater,the{{B}}sinequanon{{/B})

ofanycivilization."HegoesoncheerfuIlytonotethe"monumentaIdamage

totheenvironment"causedbyirrigationprojectsthatwere"plaguedby

claimsofdeception(double-dealingandconfIictofinterest".

Onevirtueofthisbookisitsstructure.Mr.Startisnevertrapped

byhischronologicalframework.In-stead,whenthesubjectdemandsit,

hemanagesdeftIytoflitbackandforthamongthedecades.Less

satisfyingishisaccountofCalifornia*sculturalprogressinthe19th

and20thcenturies:doeshereallyneedtoinvokesomanylong-forgotten

writerstoaccompanysuchnamesasJackLondon,FrankNorris,MarkTwain

orRaymondChandler

Butthatisaminorcriticismforabookthatwi11becomeaCaIifornia

classic.TheregretisthatMr.Starr,doubtIesspressedforspace,leaves

solittleroom-justabrieffinalchapter-fortheimplicationsofthe

pastforCalifornia,sfuture.HeposesthequestionthatmostAmericans

prefertoglossover:isCaliforniagovernable“ForalIitsimpressive

growth,thereremainsavolatilityinthepoliticsandgovernanceof

California,whichbecameperfectlycleartotherestofthenationin

thefa11of2003whenthevotersofCaliforniarecalledonegovernorand

eIectedanother."

Indeedso,andMr.Startwisely