2020年7月英语四级真题

大学英语四级考试

COLLEGEENGLISHTEST

—BandFour—

（2020年7月）

试题册

敬告考生

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全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会

PartIWriting(30minutes)

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Directions:Forthispan,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoaforeignfriendwhowantstoteachEnglish加

China.Pleaserecommendacitytohint.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoor

threequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,you

mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Watchtheweatherforecast.C)AvoidtravelonWednesday.

B)Evacuatetheareawiththeorangealert.D)Prepareenoughfoodanddrink.

2.A)Paymoreattentiontotheroads.C)Bringmoremobilephones.

B)Stayatasaferplace.D)Takeatrainhome.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)ThereisonlyoneecosysteminEurope.

B)Romania'swetlandsthriveagain.

C)ThewildlifeinRomaniaisn'twellprotected.

D)Thereare200speciesofbirdsinRomania'swetlands.

4.A)Blockthewaterways.C)Usemonitoringequipment.

B)Restorethefishingban.D)Prohibitfishinginthenext10years.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Hehadacaraccident.

B)Heattendedhisgraduationceremony.

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C)Hehadaheartattack.

D)Hegaveaperformanceintheauditorium.

6.A)Whathappenedtohim.C)Whenthegraduationceremonywas.

B)Whatdateitwas.D)Wherehewas.

7.A)Hewasreallytouchedbyhisclassmates.

B)Hedidn'tknowwhathappenedatall.

C)Hecouldn'trememberwhattosay.

D)Hisparentsworecapsandgowns.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhear

fourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,you

mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Herchildren'sdisruption.C)Asenseofisolation.

B)Quietatmosphere.D)Longerworkinghours.

9.A)Itdoesn'toffercoffee.C)Itdoesn'thavefreeWi-Fi.

B)It'stooquiet.D)Itlacksthematerialsheneeds.

10.A)Thesenseofbeingoutintheworld.C)Thecoffeetable.

B)Thecoffeeitprovides.D)Thecomfortableworkingcondition.

11.A)Peopledon'torderanything.

B)Peoplebringtheirlaptopsandpaperwork.

C)Peopleoccupyvaluabletablespaceinquiettimes.

D)Peopleoftwooccupyatableforsix.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Sheisnotsatisfiedwiththesalary.

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B)Sheisnotcapableofthejob.

C)Sheoftenworksovertime.

D)She'sreceivedajobofferfromanothercompany.

13.A)Theymaybeconsideredaslessroyal.

B)Theywon'tgetthepromotionopportunities.

D)Theywillbegivenhiringpriority.

14.A)Shemighthavetodoextraworkeveryday.

B)Shemightnotgetapayrise.

C)Shemightnotgetenoughvacation.

D)Shemightnotgainmoreexperience.

15.A)Experience.B)Confidence.C)Fortune.D)Opportunity.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,you

willhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonly

once.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)It'sahorriblefeeling.C)Ifsboringanddangerous.

B)Itcanbeablessing.D)It'sthemostcomfortablestate.

17.A)Tobeactive.C)Totravelabroad.

B)Tomeetupwithyourfriends.D)Toseekadvicefromothers.

18.A)Itprovidesachanceforpeopletothinkdeeply.

B)Itmakesustreasurethetime.

C)Itenablesonetoidentifytruefriends.

D)Ithelpsustakecareofproblemsmoreefficiently.

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Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Heisaharshperson.C)Heisverydemandinginhiswork.

B)Heismeantoothers.D)Heusuallyworksverylate.

20.A)Hemovedoutanddivorced.

B)Hewasplaguedbydrugsandgangviolence.

C)Helivedtherefor20years.

D)Hisparentswouldmoveintohisnewhouse.

21.A)Hewasonlyresponsibleforunloadingfood.

B)Hehadtosignhisnameoneverylabel.

C)Itwasahardandtediousjob.

D)HewasrequiredtoworkatFridaynight.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)ByrecordingthetimepeoplespendonTV.

B)Bytrackingpeople'slivinghabits.

C)Byusingmemoryandfluencytests.

D)Byscanningpeople'sbrains.

23.A)Watchingtelevisionforhours.C)Readingbooksandmagazines.

B)Playingvideogames.D)SurfingtheInternet.

24.A)TelevisionviewingmaybeapotentialfactorforAlzheimer'sdisease.

B)Alzheimer'spatientstendtowatchtelevisionmorethan3hoursaday.

C)Someresearchhasconfirmedthelinkbetweenthem.

D)TelevisionwatchingisbeneficialtoAlzheimer'spatients.

25.A)Watchtelevisionnomorethan3hourseachday.

B)Balancetelevisionviewingwithothercontrastingactivities.

C)WatchsomeeducationalTVprograms.

D)Takemorephysicalexercise.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

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SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblank

fromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybefore

makingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthehankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterfor

eachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebank

morethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

"Scienceandeverydaylifecannotandshouldnotbeseparated."Thosewerethewordsutteredbypioneering

BritishscientistRosalindFranklin,whofirmlybelievedthatthepursuitofscienceshouldbe___26___toall.

Asawomanworkinginthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,Franklin'scontributionstosomeofthegreatest

scientificdiscoveriesofourtimeincludingthestructureofDNAweresadly___27___inherlifetime.

Morethan60yearsafterFranklin'sdeath,weare___28___livinginadifferentworld,wherewomenplay

animportantpartineveryechelon(阶层)ofoursociety-notleastinscience,innovation,highereducationand

research.UKuniversitiesareworldleaderswhenitcomestoadvancingand___29___genderequality.

Inthepastdecade,wehaveseena___30___increaseinEnglandinthenumberofwomenacceptedonto

full-timeundergraduatedegreesinscience,technology,engineeringandmaths(Stemsubjects).Andinthelast

academicyear,women___31___formorethanhalfofallStempostgraduatesatUKuniversities.

Datashowsusthe___32___tosuccessgetsharderforwomentoclimbthefurtheruptheygo.Although

womenmakeupthemajorityofundergraduatesinouruniversities,justunderhalfofacademicstaffarefemale.

At___33___levels,onlyaquarterofprofessorsarewomen,andblackwomenmakeuplessthan2%ofallfemale

academicstaff.

Therearealsostarkdifferencesinpayacrossgrades.Thegenderpaygapbasedonmediansalariesacrossthe

sectorin2016-2017was13.7%,34thereisstillsomewaytogotoensurewomenarerisingthroughthe

rankstohighergradepositionsandbeingpaid___35___.

A)accessibleI)nomination

B)accountedJ)overlooked

C)adaptationK)promoting

D)appropriatelyL)senior

E)considerableM)submission

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F)effectiveN)suggesting

G)ladder0)thankfully

H)misread

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatement

containsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.

Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsby

markingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

HowtoEatWell

A)WhydosomanyAmericanseattonsofprocessedfood,thestuffthatiscorrectlycalledjunk(垃圾)and

shouldreallycarrywarninglabels?

B)Il'snotbecausefreshingredientsarehardtocomeby.Supermarketsoffermorevarietythanever,andthereare

overfourtimesasmanyfannersmarketsintheUSastherewere20yearsago.Norisitforlackofavailable

information.Thereareplentyofrecipes(食谱)，how-tovideosandcookingclassesavailabletoanyonewhohas

acomputer,smartphoneortelevision.Ifanything,theinformationisoverwhelming.

C)Andyetwearen'tcooking.IfyoueatthreemealsadayandbehavelikemostAmericans,youprobablygetat

leastathirdofyourdailycalories(卡路里)outsidethehome.Nearlytwo-thirdsofusgrabfastfoodonceaweek,

andwegetalmost25%ofourdailycaloriesfromsnacks.Sowe'reeatingoutortakingin,andwedon'tsit

down-orwedo,butwehurry.

D)Shouldn'tpreparing—andconsuming—foodbeasourceofcomfort,pride,health,well-being,relaxation,

sociability?Somethingthatconnectsustootherhumans?Whywouldwewanttooutsource(夕卜包)thisbasictask,

especiallywhenoutsourcingitissoharmful?

E)WhenItalkaboutcooking,I'mnottalkingaboutcreatingelaboratedinnerpartiesorthree-dayscienceprojects.

I'mtalkingaboutsimple,easy,everydaymeals.Mymissionistoencouragegreenhandsandthoselackingtimeor

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memorytofeedthemselves.Thatmeansweneedmodest,realisticexpectations,andweneedtoteachpeopleto

cookfoodthat'sgoodenoughtosharewithfamilyandfriends.

F)Perhapsareturntorealcookingneedn'tbefaroff.ArecentHarrispollrevealedthat79%ofAmericanssay

theyenjoycookingand30%“loveit“；14%admittonotenjoyingkitchenworkandjust7%won'tgonearthe

stoveatall.Butthisdoesn'tnecessarilytranslatetorealcooking,andtheresultofthissurveyshouldn'tsurprise

anyone:52%ofthose65oroldercookathomefiveormoretimesperweek;onlyathirdofyoungpeopledo.

G)Backinthe1950smostofusgrewupinhouseholdswhereMomcookedvirtuallyeverynight.Theintentionto

putahome-cookedmealonthetablewasprettymuchuniversal.Mostpeoplecouldn'taffordtodootherwise.

H)Althoughfrozendinnerswereinventedinthe'40s,theirpopularitydidn'tboomuntiltelevisionsbecame

popularadecadeorsolater.Sincethen,packaged,pre-preparedmealshavebeenwhafsfordinner.The

microwaveandfast-foodchainswerethebiggestcatalysts(催化齐!J),butthebigfoodcompanies-whichwantto

sellanythingexcepttherawingredientsthatgointocooking—madethehomecookanendangeredspecies.

I)Still,Ifinditstrangethatonlyathirdofyoungpeoplereportpreparingmealsathomeregularly.Isn'tthisthe

samecrowdthatrailsagainstprocessedjunkandchampionscraftcooking?Andisn'tthisthegenerationwhosay

they'reconcernedabouttheirhealthandthewell-beingoftheplanet?Ifthesearetrulythevaluesofmanyyoung

people,thentheirbehaviordoesn'tmatchtheirbeliefs.

J)Therehavebeenhalf-heartedbutwell-publicizedeffortsbysomecompaniestoreducecaloriesintheir

processedfoods,buttheStandardAmericanDietisstillthepolaroppositeofthehealthy,mostlyplant-baseddiet

thatjustabouteveryexpertsaysweshouldbeeating.Consideringthatthegovernment'sstandardsarenotnearly

ambitiousenough,thepictureisclear:bynotcookingathome,we'renoteatingtherightthings,andthe

consequencesarehardtooverstate.

K)Tohelpquantify(量化)thecostsofapoordiet,Irecentlytriedtoestimatethisimpactintermsofamost

famousfood,theburger(汉堡包).1concludedthattheprofitfromburgersismorethanoffsetbythedamagethey

causeinhealthproblemsandenvironmentalharm.

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L)Cookingrealfoodisthebestdefense—nottomentionthatanymealyou'relikelytoeatathomecontainsabout

200fewercaloriesthanoneyouwouldeatinarestaurant.

M)TothoseAmericansforwhommoneyisaconcern,myadviceissimple:Buywhatyoucanafford,andcookit

yourself.Thecommonprescriptionistoprimarilyshopthegrocerystore,sinceihat'swherefreshproduce,meat

andseafood,anddairyare.Andtosavemoneyandstilleatwellyoudon'tneedlocal,organicingredients;allyou

needisrealfood.Fmnotsayinglocalfoodisn'tbetter;itis.Butthereisplentyofdecentfoodinthegrocery

stores.

N)Theothersectionsyoushouldgettoknowarethefrozenfoodsandthecannedgoods.Frozenproduceisstill

produce;cannedtomatoesarestilltomatoes.Justmakesureyou'regettingrealfoodwithouttonsofaddedsaltor

sugar.Askyourself^wouldGrandmaconsiderthisfood?Doesitlooklikesomethingmightoccurinnature?It's

prettymuchcommonsense:youwanttobuyfood,notunidentifiablefoodlikeobjects.

O)Youdon'thavetohitthegrocerystoredaily,nordoyouneedanabundanceofskill.Sincefewerthanhalfof

Americanssaytheycookatanintermediatelevelandonly20%describetheircookingskillsasadvancedthe

crisisisoneofconfidence.Andtheonlyremedyforthatispractice.There'snothingmysteriousaboutcookingthe

eveningmeal.Youjusthavetodoalittlethinkingaheadandredefinewhatqualifiesasdinner.Likeanyskill,

cookinggetseasierasyoudoitmore:everytimeyoucook,youadvanceyourlevelofskills.Somedayyouwon't

evenneedrecipes.Myadviceisthatyounotpayattentiontothenumberofstepsandingredients,becausethey

canbedeceiving.

P)Time,Irealize,isthebiggestobstacletocookingformostpeople.Youmustadjustyourprioritiestofindtime

tocook.Forinstance,youcanmoveaTVtothekitchenandwatchyourfavoriteshowswhileyou'restandingat

thesink.Nooneisaskingyoutogiveupactivitiesyoulike,butifyou'rewatchingfoodshowsonTV,trycooking

instead.

36.Cookingbenefitspeopleinmanywaysandenablesthemtoconnectwithoneanother.

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37.AbundantinformationaboutcookingisavailableeitheronlineoronTV.

38.Youngpeopledolesscookingathomethantheelderlythesedays.

39.Cookingskillscanbeimprovedwithpractice.

40.Inthemid-20thcentury,mostfamiliesatedinnerathomeinsteadofeatingout.

41.Eventhoseshortoftimeormoneyshouldbeencouragedtocookforthemselvesandtheirfamily.

42.Eatingfoodnotcookedbyourselvescancauseseriousconsequences.

43.Toeatwellandstillsavemoney,peopleshouldbuyfreshfoodandcookitthemselves.

44.Wegetafairlylargeportionofcaloriesfromfastfoodandsnacks.

45.ThepopularityofTVledtothepopularityoffrozenfood.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebest

choiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thewalletisheadingforextinction.Asaday-to-dayessential,itwilldieoffwiththegenerationwhoread

printnewspapers.Thekindofshoppingwhereyouhandovernotesandcountoutchangeinreturnnowhappens

onlyinthemostminorofourretailencounters,likebuyingabarofchocolateorapintofmilk,fromacorner

shop.Attheshopswhereyouspendanyrealmoney,thatmoneyisincreasinglyabstracted.Andthisismoreand

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moretrue,thehigherupthescaleyougo.Atthemostcutting-edgeretailstoresVictoriaBeckhamonDoverStreet,

forinstanceyoudon'tgoandstandatanykindofcashregister,whenyoudecidetopay.Thestaffareequipped

withipadstotakeyourpaymentwhileyourelaxonasofa.

Whichisnothingmoreorlessthanexcellentservice,ifyouhavethemoney.Butacrosssociety,the

abstractionoftheideaofcashmakesmeuneasy.MaybePmjustold-fhshioned.Butearningmoneyisn'tquickor

easyfbrmostofus.Isn'titabitweirdthatspendingitshouldhappeninhalfablink(眨眼)ofaneye?Doesn'ta

wallet—thattime-honouredFriday-nightfeelingofpleasing,promisingfatness—representsomethingthat

matters?

ButFilleavetheeconomicstotheexperts.Whatbothersmeaboutthedeathofthewalletisthechangeit

representsinourphysicalenvironment.Everythingaboutthelookandfeelofawallet—thewaythefastenings

andmaterialswearandtearandloosenwithage,theplasticandpaperandgoldandsilver,andhandwrittenphone

numbersandprintedcinematickets——istheveryoppositeofwhatourworldisbecoming.Theoppositeofawallet

isasmartphoneoraniPad.Theroundededges,coolglass,smoothandunknowableasapebble(鹅卵石).Instead

ofdiggingthroughpiecesofpaperandpeeringintocorners,wemoveourfingersleftandright.Nomorecounting

outcoins.Showyourwallet,ifyoustillhaveone.Itmaynotbeheremuchlonger.

46.Whatishappeningtothewallet?

A)Itisdisappearing.C)Itisbecomingcostly.

B)Itisbeingfattened.D)Itischanginginstyle.

47.Howarebusinesstransactionsdoneinbigmodemstores?

A)Individually.C)Intheabstract.

B)Electronically.D)Viacashregister.

48.Whatmakestheauthorfeeluncomfortablenowadays?

A)Savingmoneyisbecomingathingofthepast.

B)ThepleasingFriday-nightfeelingisfading.

C)Earningmoneyisgettingmoredifficult.

D)Spendingmoneyissofastandeasy.

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49.Whydoestheauthorchoosetowriteaboutwhat'shappeningtothewallet?

A)Itrepresentsachangeinthemodernworld.

B)Ithassomethingtodowitheverybody'slife.

C)Itmarkstheendofatime-honouredtradition.

D)Itistheconcernofcontemporaryeconomists.

50.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageabouttheauthor?

A)Heisresistanttosocialchanges.

B)Heisagainsttechnologicalprogress.

C)Hefeelsreluctanttopartwiththetraditionalwallet.

D)Hefeelsinsecureintheever-changingmodernworld.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

It'slateintheevening:timetoclosethebookandturnoffthecomputer.You'redonefortheday.Whatyou

maynotrealize,however,isthatthelearningprocessactuallycontinues-inyourdreams.

Itmightsoundlikesciencefiction,butresearchersareincreasinglyfocusingontherelationshipbetweenthe

knowledgeandskillsourbrainsabsorbduringthedayandthefragmented,oftenbizarreimaginingstheygenerate

atnight.Scientistshavefoundthatdreamingaboutataskwe'velearnedisassociatedwithimprovedperformance

inthatactivity(suggestingthatthere'ssometruthtothepopularnotionthatwe're"getting"aforeignlanguage

oncewebegindreaminginit).What'smore,researchersarecomingtorecognizethatdreamingisanessential

partofunderstanding,organizingandretainingwhatwelearn.

Whilewesleep,researchindicates,thebrainreplaysthepatternsofactivityitexperiencedduringwaking

hours,allowingustoenterwhatonepsychologistcallsaneural(神经的)virtualreality.Avividexampleofsuch

replaycanbeseeninavideoresearchersmaderecentlyaboutsleepdisorders.Theytaughtaseriesofdance

movestoagroupofpatientswithconditionslikesleepwalking,inwhichthesleeperengagesinthekindphysical

movementthatdoesnotnormallyoccurduringsleep.Theythenvideotapedthesubjectsastheyslept,Lyingin

bed,eyesclosed,onefemalepatientonthetapeperformsthedancemovesshelearnedearlier.

Thisshowsthatwhileourbodiesareatrest,ourbrainsaredrawingwhat'simportantfromtheinformation

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andeventswe'verecentlyencountered,thenintegratingthatdataintothevaststoreofwhatwealreadyknow.Ina

2010study,researchersatHarvardMedicalSchoolreportedthatcollegestudentswhodreamedaboutacomputer

maze(迷宫)tasktheyhadlearnedshoweda10-foldimprovementintheirabilitytofindtheirwaythroughthe

mazecomparedwithparticipantswhodidnotdreamaboutthetask.

RobertStickgold,oneoftheHarvardresearchers,suggeststhatstudyingrightbeforebedtimeortakinganap

followingastudysessionintheafternoonmightincreasetheoddsofdreamingaboutthematerial.Thinkabout

thatasyourheadhitsthepillowtonight.

51.Whatisscientists,findingaboutdreaming?

A)Itinvolvesdisconnectedweirdimages.

B)Itresemblesfragmentsofsciencefiction.

C)Dreamingaboutalearnedtaskbettersitsperformance.

D)Dreamingaboutthingsbeinglearneddisturbsone'ssleep.

52.Whathappenswhenoneentersadreamstate?

A)Thebodycontinuestoactasifthesleeperwereawake.

B)Theneuralactivityofthebrainwillbecomeintensified.

C)Thebrainbehavesasifitwereplayingavirtualrealityvideogame.

D)Thebrainonceagainexperiencesthelearningactivitiesoftheday.

53.Whatdoesthebraindowhilewearesleeping?

A)Itsystematizesallthedatacollectedduringtheday.

B)Itsubstitutesoldinformationwithnewdata.

C)Itprocessesandabsorbsnewlyacquireddata.

D)Itclassifiedinformationandplacesitindifferentfiles.

54.WhatdoesRobertStickgoldsuggestaboutenhancinglearning?

A)Havingalittlesleepafterstudyingintheday.

B)Stayinguplatebeforegoingtobed.

C)Havingadreamaboutanything.

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D)Thinkingabouttheoddsofdreamingaboutthematerial.

55.Whatcanbeinferredaboutdreamingfromthepassage?

A)Wemayenhanceourlearningthroughdreaming.

B)Dreamingimprovesyourlanguageability.

C)Allsleepwalkersperformdancemoveswhentheyaresleeping.

D)Takinganapafterlearningcanhelpyoufindthewaythroughthemaze.

PartIVTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.You

shouldwrit