期中复习专项-重难点解析（讲义）-英语五年级下册

2024外研社五年级英语下册期中复习专项—重难点解析Module1描述我们居住在某处【句型结构】Welived/livedin+某处【解析】若描述我们现在居住在某地，用“Welivein+某处”。【例句】Welivedinasmallvillage.描述以前没有某物的句型【句型结构】Thereweren’t+某物.【例句】Thereweren’tanytallbuildings.描述现在有某物【句型结构】Thereis+可数名词单数/不可数名词.Thereare+可数名词复数.【例句】Therearemanytallbuildingsinthecity.【辨析】therebe句型表示某个人地方存在某人/某物；have表示主语“拥有”某物；【例句】Therearemanypearsonthetable.Ihaveanewbike.描述主语以前没有某物【句型结构】主语+didn’thave+某物.【例句】Shedidn’thavelightsinthepast.询问对方过去住在哪里【句型结构】问句“Wheredidyoulive+过去时间？答语：Ilivedin+地点.【例句】Wheredidyoulivelastyear?–IlivedinHarbin.Howabout…？的用法【解析】后+名词/代词/动词ing形式用法例句询问对方看法/意见Howabouttheconcert?提出建议Howaboutgoingshoppingthisafternoon?承接上下文的转折语I’mfine.Howaboutyou?如何表达因（做）某事而感谢对方【句型结构】Thankyoufor+名词/动词ing形式（+其他）.=Thanksfor+名词/动词ing形式（+其他）.【例句】Thankyoufor/Thanksforhelpingme.talk的用法搭配例句talkaboutsth.谈论某事/某物Theyaretalkingabouttheconcert.talktosb.跟某人讲话Mymotheristalkingtoherfriends.talkwithsb.和某人交谈Theteacheristalkingwithherstudents.描述某人以前在某处工作【句型结构】主语+worked+地点状语（+其他）.【例句】Mymotherworkedinthefactoryfiveyearsago.描述某人过去能（会）/不能（不会）做某事【句型结构】主语+could/couldn’t+动词原形（+其他）.【例句】Icouldn’tswimatfive.or的用法用法例句用在否定句，意为“也不“Shecan’tdraworsing.用在一般疑问句，意为“还是“Doyouwantmilkorjuice?用于祈使句，意为“否则”Hurryup,oryou’llbelateforschool.Module2描述某人做过某事【句型结构】主语+动词过去式(+其他).【例句】Ihadsomeeggsforbreakfast.Mybrotherplayedputergameslastnight.描述某人正在做某事【句型结构】主语+be动词+动词ing形式（+其他）.【例句】Myfatherishavinglunch.Iamdoingmyhomeworkinmybedroom.【知识拓展】动词ing形式的构成规则一般直接+ing：readreading有e去e+ing:havehaving单个辅音结尾的重读闭音节，双写尾字母+ing:runrunning以ie结尾，ie改为y+ing:lielying询问某人身份【句型结构】Who+be动词+主语？【例句】Whoishe?HeismyEnglishteacher.Whoarethey?TheyareDamingandLinging.询问某人是否做过某事【句型结构】Did+主语+动词原形（+其他）？答语：Yes，主语+did./No，主语+didn’t.【例句】Didyourmothergoshoppinglastnight?No,shedidn’t.描述某人以前的职业【句型结构】主语+was/werea/an+职业名称.【例句】MymotherwasanEnglishteachertenyearsago.Wewerestudentstwentyyearsago.描述某人现阶段不做某事【句型结构】Now+主语+doesn’t+动词原形（+其他）.【例句】NowIdon’twatchTVatnight.IlikereadingEnglishbooks.MymotherwasanEnglishteachermanyyearsago.Nowshedoesn’tteachEnglish.Sheislearningtosing.辨析辨析lotsof,alotof,lotof★alotof=lotsof“许多，大量”+可数名词复数/不可数名词：Shehaslotsof/alotofpens.{书面语中用alotof较多，口语用lotsof较多}lotof“很；非常”，表示程度：HeknowsalotaboutChina.some和any★any用否定句和一般疑问句：Thereisn’tanymilkinthebottle.Arethereanycatsintheroom.★some多用肯定句/希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中：Shehassomegoodfriends.Wouldyoulikesomejuice?核心语法●一般过去时意义表示过去某一时间内发生的动作/存在的状态/经常性或习惯性的动作。类型结构例句陈述句肯定句主语+was/were+其他.主语+动词过去式+其他.Iwasastudenttenyearsago.Shewenttothezoolastweekend.否定句主语+was/werenot+其他.主语+didn’t+动词过去式+其他.Shewasn’tathomelastnight.Mymotherdidn’tbuymeanewskirt.一般疑问句及答语Was/Were+主语+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+was/were.否定回答：No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.Wereyouatschoollastweekend?No,Ididn’t.Did+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+did.否定回答：No，主语+didn’t.Didyouswimyesterday?Yes,Idid.Didtheygototheconcertlastnight?No,theydidn’t.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？Wherewassheborn?Whatdidtheygolastnight?Module3询问某人三餐吃了什么【句型结构】问句：Whatdid+主语+havefor+三餐名称？答语：主语+had+食品。【例句】WhatdidLindahaveforlunch?–Shehadasandwichandtwoeggs.【知识拓展】have的多种用法have含义例句有Shehasanewcar.吃，喝CanIhavesomeorangejuice?组织，举办haveaparty/meeting/match患（病）haveaheadache/stomachache/cold/fever描述某人吃了什么【句型结构】主语+ate（+数量）+食物（+其他）.【例句】Amyatefourapplesyesterdaymorning.描述某人非常喜欢某物【句型结构】主语+like/likes+某物+verymuch.【例句】Mymotherlikesfishverymuch.询问某人是否喜欢某物【句型结构】问句：Do/Does+主语+like+某物？答语：Yes，主语+do/does./No，主语+don’t/doesn’t.【例句】Doesyourmumlikefish?No,shedoesn’t.描述食物味道【句型结构】食物名称+be动词（is/are）+描述食物味道的形容词.【例句】Thecakeissweet.【知识拓展】描述食物特征的常见词汇类型例子外形big/small/long颜色red/green/blue/yellow味道sour（酸的/sweet/hot（辣的）/salty（咸的）/bitter（苦的）形态soft（软的）/hard（硬的）/crisp（酥脆的）口感yummy（很好吃的）/tasty（可口的）/delicious/juicy（多汁的）描述某人将要/打算做某事【句型结构】主语+be动词+goingto+动词原形（+其他）.【例句】SheisgoingtovisitHarbinnextmonth.核心语法●动词过去式的变化规则变化规则动词原形过去式一般直接+edwalkwalked不发音e结尾+dhopehoped辅音+y结尾,y改i+edstudystudied一个辅音结尾重读闭音节，双写尾字母+edstopstopped★常见的不规则动词过去式1.AA型：read—readput—putcut—cut2.AB型：havehadlearnlearned/learntteachtaughtbuyboughtdrinkdranksingsangswimswamgivegaveknowknewwritewrotedrawdrewgowenteatatetelltoldModule4表达某人有某物【句型结构】主语+have/hasgot+名词（短语）（+其他）.【例句】Shehasgotabookaboutmusic.【辨析】（1）have意为“举办/吃/喝/进行（活动）等，havegot不能替代；（2）与情态动词can/may等连用，用have；（3）过去式用have过去式had；以Let’s开头的祈使句【句型结构】Let’s+动词原形（+其他）.回答：OK./Goodidea./Allright./Sorry,I…【例句】Letusplaybasketball.–Goodidea.介绍某类物品【句型结构】Theseare+物品（复数）+about+表示类别的名词.【例句】ThesearebooksaboutEnglish.询问某类物品在哪里【句型结构】问：Wherearethe+物品（复数）+about+表示类别的名词？答：Theyare+表示地点的介词短语.【例句】Wherearethebooksaboutmusic?TheyareonShelfB.want的用法：意为“想要“，有人称/时态/数的变化。搭配含义例句want+某物想要某物Shewantsabike.wanttodosth.想要做某事Iwanttobuyadog.want+某人+todosth.想要某人做某事Iwantmymumtobuyanewbikeforme.询问自己在哪里可以找到某物【句型结构】WherecanIfind+某物？【例句】WherecanIfindmyEnglishbook?It’sonyourdesk.描述能从某处找到信息【句型结构】主语+canfindinformationfrom+名词.【例句】WherecanIfindinformationaboutthesun?Youcanfindinformationformthesciencebook.8.表示“也“的词词语用法例句too肯定句/疑问句，句尾逗号隔开HelikeschocolateandIlikechocolate,too.alsobe动词/助动词/情态动词之后，实义动词前Heisateacher.Iamalsoateacher.either句末，否定句Hedoesn’tlikeapplesandIdon’tlikeappleseither.aswell肯定句句末，不加逗号Hewantssomecookies.Iwantsomecookiesaswell.★指示代词指示代词用法this指距离说话人近的人/物these指距离说话人近的多个人/物that指距离说话人远的人/物those指距离说话人远的多个人/物Module5描述事物特征句型（1）【句型结构】This/That/The+单个物品+is+表示特征形容词e.g.Thispurpleschoolbagisbeautiful.描