江苏省常熟市2017-2018学年高二英语上学期期中试题（含解析）

江苏省常熟市20172018学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡和答题卷交回。第I卷（共70分)第一部分听力（共两节，满分15分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你讲有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Johncannotplaythepiano.B.Johnwantstobeawriter.C.Johnisbusyatthemoment.2.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Helpingafriendfindtherightdepartment.B.Buyingherselfsomeshoes.C.Takingaclassatthegym.3.Whoisthiswomantalkingto?A.James.B.Robert.C.Paul.4.HowwillthewomangettoScotland?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bybus.5.Whywasthemanlate?A.Hiscarwasoutofpetrol.B.Hecouldn'tmendhiscar.C.Hehadtogobackforcleanclothes.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）听下面4段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemostpossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Classmates.7.Whomdidthemanchatwith?A.PeoplefromCanada.B.Peopleinneedofhishelp.C.Peopleonthesameproject.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whathashappenedtotheredsweater?A.Ithasbeemuchtooformal.B.IthasbeenlenttoJulia.C.Ithasanewtear.9.Whatwillthemandonext?Tomendtheshortdress.B.Tosaysorrytothewoman.C.Tofetchthesewingbasket.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhichofthefollowingisoftenusedinAmerica?A.Frenchfifes.B.Crisps.C.Pavement.11.WhichofthefollowingisoftenusedinBritain?A.Sidewalk.B.Elevator.C.Film.12.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.HowAmericanEnglishdiffersfromBritishEnglish.B.HowconfusingAmericanEnglishis.C.HowAmericanEnglishbeespopular.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Whydidthespeakeraskthepeopletoleavethebuildingasquicklyaspossible?A.Becausetheremightbeanexplosivedeviceinthebuilding.B.Becausearobberywouldhappensoon.C.Becauseelectricitywentoutinthebuilding.14.Wheredidthisannouncementtakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Atarailwaystation.C.Inatheatre.15.Whendidthisincidenthappenpossibly?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1.Althoughweproducecarbonwhenwebreathe,thecarbonweproduceismuchlessthanproducedbyacar.A.thatB.itC.oneD.theone【答案】A【解析】考查代词。句意：虽然我们呼吸的时候生产碳，我们生产的碳比汽车生产的碳少得多。carbon是不可数名词，用that替代，故答案为A。2.Weshouldproducefewerthingsfromrawmaterials,thesupplyisgrowingsmallerandsmaller.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.whereD.withwhich【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们应该更少的从原材料中生产出东西，因为原材料的供应正变得越来越少。which引导非限制性定语从句，构成thesupplyofwhich的结构，which指代上交的rawmaterials（原材料）。故选B。3.Inoticedthathewaswearingshoesthatdidnotmatch.Hetoohardtonotice.A.mightbeworkingB.canhaveworkedC.musthavebeenworkingD.shouldhavebeenworked【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词完成式表示推测。句意：我注意到他穿着不相配的鞋子。他一定是在一直工作很难注意到。musthavebeendoingsth.一定是在做某事，表示对过去事情有把握的肯定推测，故选C。4.–I’mstillworkingonmyproject.–Oh,you’llmissthedeadline.Timeis.A.runningoutB.usingupC.givingoutD.losingout【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。A.runningout用完；B.usingup用完，耗尽（及物动词）；C.givingout分发，精疲力竭（及物动词）；D.losingout输掉，失败。当表示时间用完、耗尽的时候多用runout。giveout分发，精疲力竭。句意：——我仍然在做这个项目。——啊！你肯定不能如期完成了。因为快没时间了。故A正确。5.Whenyoulookatwillhavebeealargetree,youwillfindasenseofsatisfactionthatyoudidyourparttohelpsolvetheproblemofclimatechange.A.something;knownB.which;toknowC.those;knowD.what;knowing【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句和非谓语动词。当你看到将变成了一棵大树的时候，你会发现一种满足感，知道你为解决气候变化问题所做的贡献。第一空是what引导的宾语从句，既做引导词又在句中做主语；此处是现在分词做伴随状态，故选D。6.InnocountryBritain,ashasbeenmentionedpreviouslyinthisbrochure,experiencefourseasonsduringthecourseofasingleday.A.asidefrom;onecanB.morethan;onecanC.ratherthan;canoneD.otherthan;canone【答案】D【解析】考查固定词组和倒装句。Otherthan除…之外；apartfrom除…之外（适用所有情况）；ratherthan而不是；当否定词或者半否定词放在句首的时候，后面句子使用部分倒装的形式。句意：除了在英国，没有一个国家在一天可以经历四个季节。根据句意说明D正确。【名师点睛】当否定词或者半否定词放在句首的时候，后面句子使用部分倒装的形式；than的词组较多，平时要注意辨析。1.含有否定意义的副词位于句首时的倒装：在正式文体中，never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nosooner,nolonger,nowhere等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：如：Ishallneverforgivehim./NevershallIforgivehim.我永远不会宽恕他。注：对于not…until句型，当notuntil…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：如：Hedidn'tleavetheroomuntiltherainstopped./Notuntiltherainstoppeddidheleavetheroom.雨停了之后他才离开这房间。2.某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：如：Onnoaccountsmustthisswitchbetouched.这个开关是绝不能触摸的。7.Don’tworry!Youcaneasilyfindajob_skilledworkersarebadlyneeded.A.whenB.thoughC.unlessD.where【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句。A.when当时候；B.though尽管；C.unless除非；D.where在哪里。句意：不要担心，在熟练工人非常缺的地方你能很容易找到一个工作。此处是where引导的地点状语从句，故选D。8.Iwouldn'thavepunchedhimifitforthefactthathetoapologizetomeyesterday.A.werenot;refusedB.werenot;hadrefusedC.hadnotbeen;refusedD.hadnotbeen;hadrefused【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：如果不是昨天他拒绝向我道歉这个事实的话，我就不会揍他。第一空是过去完成时态，表示与过去的事实相反；第二空陈述过去一个事实，用一般过去时态。故选C。9.Inthislibrary,youcanuseyourownputertoconnecttoWiFispeciallyforreaders.A.preparingB.toprepareC.preparedD.prepare【答案】C【解析】考查过去分词。句意：在这个图书馆，你能用你自己的电脑连接特别为读者准备的WiFi。此处是过去分词做后置定语，故选C。10.Nodecisionaboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.A.willbemadeB.ismadeC.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmade【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态：时间状语从句是现在完成时，主句用一般将来时的被动，句意：只有当所有的应试者都被采访了，才能做出进一步约会的决定。选A。考点：考查时态语态点评：时态的考查要放在上下文中进行，要抓住句子的关键词，这题的关键词就是untilallthecandidates(应试者)havebeeninterviewed.还要注意被动语态。11.Whentheministercamein,thetwocheatersweresittingbeforetheweaver,busily.A.pretendingworkingB.pretendedhavingworkedC.pretendingtobeworkingD.pretendedtohaveworked【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当部长进来的时候，两个骗子坐在织工前面，假装正在忙着工作。pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事，根据句意可知此处是现在分词做伴随状态，故选C。12.Althoughthisproductisenvironmentalprotection,fewpeopleshowinterestinitbecauseofitshighprice.A.intermsofB.infavorofC.onaccountofD.inresponseto【答案】B【解析】考查词组。A.intermsof就而言；B.infavorof支持；C.onaccountof为了的缘故；D.inresponseto对有反应。句意：虽然这种产品有利环保，但因其价格昂贵，几乎无人问津。故选B。13.cloninghumanembryosisnotlegalinmanycountries,somescientistsarealreadypushingaheadwithresearchinordertoproduceaclonedhumanbaby.A.AsB.IfC.UnlessD.While【答案】D【解析】考查连词。A.As由于；B.If如果；C.Unless除非；D.While尽管。句意：虽然克隆人类胚胎是违法的，但一些科学家已经在努力推进研究为了制造克隆的人类婴儿。选A。【名师点睛】考查连词主要是弄清每个冠词本身的含义，做题时一定要根据上下文的逻辑关系选择。有的连词有几个意思，比如While尽管（引导让步状语从句）；当时候（引导时间状语从句）；然而（并列连词，引导并列句，前后像成鲜明对比），只有弄清楚了上下文的语境含义，才能做出正确的判断。14.Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyour.A.professionB.creditC.ineD.profit【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。考查名词。A.profession职业；B.credit信用；C.ine收入；D.profit利润。句意：准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用。根据句意故选C。15.Doyouenjoyyourpresentjobasasalesman?.Ijustdoitforaliving.A.NotreallyB.OfcourseC.NotlikelyD.Notalittle【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。A.Notreally不是真的；B.Ofcourse当然；CNotlikely不可能；DNotalittle非常，很。句意：你喜欢现在的推销员工作吗？不是很喜欢，我只是谋生。选A。第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。InThanksforWhatWeHaveIsatnervouslyandwaitedforKathleentospeak.Beingcalledtothehumanresourcesdepartmentisalittlelikebeingcalledtotheprincipal’soffice.“Annie,”shesaid,“Afoodbankinourtownthatservestheelderlyisaskingfor___16___.I’dlikeyoutoorganizetheeventandseeitthrough.”“Well,um,errr...sure.Iguessso.”AsIstuttered(结结巴巴地说）throughmy___17___,allIcouldthinkwas,“What?Whyme?”Iwalkedbacktomyofficewithoutanyideaastowhereto___18___.Thiswasatimewhentheeconomywas___19___.Theriseinunemploymentforcedthefamiliesofmanyofmycoworkersto___20___tosurvive.HowcouldIaskmycoworkersformore?ThateveningIdrovehomefilledwith___21___.ThenIrememberedatimelongagowhenmyfatherwasoutofwork.MomwroteanotetoJim,themilkman,askinghimnotto___22___anymoremilk.TwodayslaterJimpickedupthe___23___andleftfourlitersofmilk.HewrotehisownmessageonthebacksideofMom’s.Itread,“Kidsneedmilk.”Themilk;delivery___24___asusualandJimleftfourlitersofmilkeveryotherday,nevercollectingacentwithus.ThememoryofJim's40firedmyenthusiasmPerhapsI’dbeinforapleasantsurprise.ThenextmorningI___25___signsaboutourfooddrivealloverthecafeteriaandoneverynoticeboardIcouldfind.Eachsignread,“Fooddrivetosupporttheelderlypoorofourtown!___26___ofnonperishable(不易腐的）foodsaregreatlyneeded.”WithinafewdaysIhadtolocateemptyofficespaceto___27___themassivenumberofcontributionswehad___28___.Oneofmycoworkers,Maggie,madetheroundswithmeeverydayfromonedepartmenttoanothertopickupthecannedgoodsandother___29___.Maggiewasoversixtybutpushedourfoodtrolleyaroundwiththe___30___ofawomanhalfherage.Asweweremakingourroundsoneday,Iaskedherwhereshegotalltheenergyandenthusiasm.“Annie,”shesaid,“withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent,Ican’tthinkofabetterwaytobe___31___forkeepingourjobswhensomanyhave___32___theirs.Suremoneyis___33___.Butwhenisn’tit?Peopleneedfood.”AsIlistenedtoMaggie,themilkman’swords___34___inmyears,“Kidsneedmilk.”16.A.adviceB.helpC.pityD.medicine17.A.responseB.mentC.explanationD.plaint18.A.sitB.stayC.beginD.work19.A.growingB.fadingC.recoveringD.booming20.A.driveB.attemptC.refuseD.struggle21.A.appreciationB.identityC.responsibilityD.negativity22.A.spareB.drinkC.deliverD.sell23.A.keysB.kidsC.centsD.empties24.A.returnedB.continuedC.stoppedD.delayed25.A.kindnessB.happinessC.patienceD.politeness26.A.designedB.noticedC.markedD.posted27.A.BargainsB.DemandsC.DonationsD.Purchases28.A.checkB.storeC.separateD.clear29.A.collectedB.boughtC.foundD.selected30.A.clothesB.booksC.foodsD.gifts31.A.satisfactionB.qualityC.energyD.motivation32.A.luckyB.proudC.delightedD.grateful33.A.lostB.deservedC.abandonedD.warned34.A.availableB.tightC.enoughD.powerful35.A.rangB.transformedC.hidD.responded【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.B20.D21.D22.C23.D24.B25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.C31.C32.D33.A34.B35.A【解析】作者儿时家庭受到送奶人的资助，当需要他奉献时受此鼓舞，积极投身到帮助贫穷老年人筹集食物的活动中。文章表达了作者的感恩之情。16.

B考查名词。A.advice建议；B.help帮助；C.pity同情；D.medicine药。此处指一家为老年人服务的食物银行需要帮助，根据下文的themassivenumberofcontributions和pickupthecannedgoodsandother

___14___.可知这里需要帮助，需要筹集食物。故选B.17.

A考查名词。A.response回应；B.ment评论；C.explanation解释；D.plaint抱怨。此处指我结巴得回应这个任务，答应了Kathleen，故选A.18.C考查动词。A.sit坐；B.stay停留；C.begin开始；D.work工作。我走出办公室，想着从哪里开始这个任务，根据句意选C.19.

B考查动词。A.growing生长；B.fading衰减；C.

recovering恢复；D.booming兴旺。此处指当时是经济萧条时期，根据下句Theriseinunemploymentforcedmanyofmycoworkersto

___5___

tosurvive.和倒数第二段“withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent也可知答案，故选B.20.

D考查动词。A.drive驾驶；B.attempt尝试；C.refuse拒绝；D.struggle挣扎。失业率上升使同事们挣扎着生存，此处指为了生存拼搏，故选D.21.D考查名词。A.appreciation欣赏；B.identity身份；C.responsibility责任；D.negativity消极性。那天晚上我开车回家时充满了消极情绪。withnegativity带着消极情绪，故选D。22.

C考查动词。A.spare节约；B.drink喝；C.deliver递送；D.sell卖。此处指由于父亲失业，母亲告诉Jim不用送牛奶了，根据Jim,themilkman可知是送牛奶，故选C.23.D

考查名词。A.keys钥匙；B.kids儿童；C.cents分；D.empties空瓶。此处指Jim来收空奶瓶，故选D.24.B考查动词。A.returned回来；B.continued继续；C.stopped停止；D.

delayed延迟。Jim给我们留言说孩子们需要牛奶，然后像往常一样继续送奶。故选B.25.A考查名词。A.kindness仁慈；B.happiness幸福；C.patience耐心；D.politeness有礼貌。此处指Jim对我家仁慈的记忆点燃了我的热情，指Jim免费让我家的孩子们喝奶这件事，故选A.26.D考查动词。A.designed设计；B.noticed注意到；C.marked做记号；D.posted张贴。此处指第二天早上我开始行动，在我能找到的所有自助餐厅和布告牌上张贴告示。表示“张贴告示”，故选D.27.C考查名词。A.Bargains交易；B.Demands需求；C.Donations捐赠；D.Purchases获得物。告示上写着：支持给贫穷的老年人食物，急需捐赠不易腐的食物。根据下文的themassivenumberofcontributions也知是捐赠食物，故选C.28.

B考查动词。A.check核实；B.store储藏；C.separate分开；D.clear清除。此处指我必须为储存大量的捐赠物资腾地方，故选B.29.

A考查动词。A.collected收集；B.bought买；C.found找到；D.selected挑选出来。此处指我们筹集来的捐赠品，上文贴告示的目的也是筹集食物，故选A.30.

C考查名词。A.clothes衣服；B.books书籍；C.foods食品；D.gifts礼品。根据上文的Fooddrive，nonperishable(不易腐的)foods和本句的cannedgoods可知筹集的是食物，故选C.31.C考查名词。A.satisfaction满意；B.quality质量；C.energy能量；D.motivation动机。这位年过六旬的老人用年轻人的力量每天推着食物车工作，故选C.32.

D考查形容词。A.lucky幸运的；B.proud自豪的；C.delighted高兴的；D.grateful感谢的。此处指Maggie认为在高失业的年代，她很感激有这个工作机会。故选D.33.A考查动词。A.

lost失去；B.deserved值得；C.abandoned抛弃；D.wanted想要。与上文的Theriseinunemployment

和withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent对应可知许多人失业，故选A.34.

B考查形容词。A.available可获得的；B.tight紧的；C.enough充足的；D.powerful强大的。此处指当时经济情况下，钱是紧的，但人们更需要食物。故选B.35.

A考查动词。A.rang响；B.disappeared消失；C.hid隐藏；D.fell掉下。此处指此时送奶人“孩子们需要牛奶”的话又回响在我耳边，与上文呼应再次想起他的话，故选A.B.【名师点睛】完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力3.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如第小题13考查动词。A.check核实；B.store储藏；C.separate分开；D.clear清除。此处指我必须为储存大量的捐赠物资腾地方，根据常识可知筹集大量物资之后要想办法储存，故选B。第三部分阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEverymanwantshissontobesomewhatofaclone,notinfeaturesbutinfootsteps.Ashegrowsyoualsoage,andyourambitionsbeemoreunachievable.Youbegintorealizethatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldprobablyacplishwhatyouhopedfor.Butfootstepscanbemuddiedandtheycangooffindifferentdirections.MysonJodyhashatedschoolsincedayoneinkindergarten.Scienceprojectswaiteduntilthelastmoment.Bookreportsweren’twrittenuntilthefinalthreat.I’vebeenanewspapermanallmyadultlife.Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish.ButJody?Whenheenteredthetenthgradehebecamea“votech”student(技校学生).They’recalled“motorheads”bytherestofthestudentbody.Whenasecretaryinmyofficefirstcalledhim“motorhead”,Iwasshocked.“Hey,he’sagoodkid,”Iwantedtosay.“Andsmart,really.”Ilearnedlaterthatmotorheadsare,indeed,different.Theyusuallyhavedirtyhandsandweardirtyworkclothes.Andtheydon’toftenmakeschoolhonorrolls.Butbeingtheparentofamotorheadisitselfanexperienceineducation.Wewholaborincleanshirtsinofficesdon'thavetheabilitiesthatmotorheadshave.IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycarcrashed.Thecosttorepairitwasestimatedat$800.“Hey,Icanfixit,”saidJody.Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.Myson,withothermotorheads,fixedthecar.Theygotpartsfromajunkyard,andabilityfromvotechclasses.Thecostwas$25insteadof$800.Sincethatfirstrepairjob,abrokenairconditioner,anonfunctioningwasherandanontoastingtoasterhavebeenfixed.Neighborsandcoworkerstrusttheircarrepairtohim.Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandarelivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheirmindsarebrightdespitetheirdirtyhandsandclothes.Ihavelearnedalotfrommymotorhead:publishersneedprinters,engineersneedmechanics,andarchitectsneedbuilders.Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon^needclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse.Mysonmaynevermaketheschoolhonorroll.Buthemademine.36.Theauthorlethissonrepairthecarbecausehebelievedthat.A.hissonhadtheabilitytofixitB.itwouldsavehimmuchtimeC.itwouldn'tcausehimanymorelossD.othermotorheadswouldetohelp37.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeintheend?A.Itisunwisetoexpectyourchildtofollowyourpath.B.Itisimportantforonetomakethehonorroll.C.Architectsplayamoreimportantrolethanbuilders.D.Motorheadshavegreaterabilitythanofficeworkers.【答案】36.C37.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自己的看法。36.C细节理解题。根据第六段的句子Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.可知，作者认为儿子修车不会给他带来任何损失。故选C。37.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的句子Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon^needclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse.可知，作者最后意识到希望孩子按自己期望的道路走是不明智的。故选A。BInthehillsoutsideMissoula,Montana,wildlifebiologistsarelookingathowclimatechangeaffectssomethingverysmall:thesnowshoehare.Lifeforsnowshoeharesisprettystressful一almosteverythingintheforestwantstoeatthem.AlexKumar,agraduatestudentattheUniversityofMontana,liststheanimalsthatarehungryforhares.“Lynx,foxes,coyotes,[….even]redsquirrels.”KumarandfieldtechnicianTuckerSeitzspendmonthssearchingthesewoodsforhares,oftenlisteningforsignalsfromharesthey'vealreadyputradiocollarson.Theycatchotherhareswithwiretrapsaboutthesizeofabreadbox,withsomeappleasbait(诱饵).Mostoftheharestheytracklivelessthanayear—ahazard(风险）ofbeingwhatKumarcalls“thecheeseburgeroftheecosystem”.Butsnowshoehareshaveaspecialskill:camouflage.They'rebrownduringthesummer,butturnwhiteforthesnowywintermonths.“There’stimeswhenyou’retrackingthemandyouknowthey’rereally,reallydose,andyoujustcan’tfindthem,”hesays.Haresswitchcolorinthespringandfallinresponsetolight,whenthedaysgetlongerorshorter.Butifthesnoweslate,yougetawhitehareonbrownground.“Andtheyreallythinkthatthey’recamouflaged,”Kumarsays.“Theyactlikewecan’tseethem.”Kumarcallsthis“mismatching,”andit'sbeingmoreofaconcernwithclimatechange.“Iftheharesareconsistentlymolting(脱毛)atthesametime,yearafteryear,andthesnowfalleslaterandmeltsearlier,there’sgoingtobemoreandmoretimeswhenharesaremismatched,”hesays.ScottMillsofNorthCarolinaStateUniversityleadstheresearch.Hesaysthey'refindingthatmismatchedharesdieathigherrates.That’saconcernforthethreatenedCanadalynx,whichmainlyeatsthesehares.“It’saveryclearconnectiontoasingleclimatechangestressor,”Millssays.Haresmightbeabletoadaptovertime.SomesnowshoeharesinWashingtonStatedon'tturnwhiteatall.Millsistryingtofigureoutwhetherharesandotherwildlifecanadaptasfastastheclimateischanging.“Buthowfastistoofast?”heasks.38.Theword“camouflage”（Paragraph6)isclosestinmeaningto.A.escapingB.hidingC.fightingD.scaring39.Accordingtothepassage,snowshoeharescannowbeeasilydiscoveredbytheirenemiesbecausethey.A.changetheirfurcolortowhitetoolateB.haven’tadaptedtoclimatechangeC.cannolongeradapttothechangeoflightinspringandfallD.finditmoreandmoredifficulttomoltatthesametimeeachyear40.WhichbestdescribesMills'toneinthepassage?A.Approving.B.Enthusiastic.C.Concerned.D.Doubtful.【答案】38.B39.B40.C【解析】本文介绍雪鞋兔的生活习性以及它们所面对的生存危机。38.B词义猜测题。根据第六段They'rebrownduringthesummer,butturnwhiteforthesnowywintermonths.在夏天他们是棕色的，但是有雪的冬天数月里变成白色。可知他们有一个特殊的技能“伪装”，划线词最接近的词义是B.hiding39.B推理判断题。由倒数第三、四、五段可知，雪鞋兔目前面对的最大的生存危机是它们变色的时间与季节变化不同步，说明它们还未能适应气候变化。故选B。40.C推理判断题。倒数第三段中Mills描述了现状，并提出了担忧“Hesaysthey’refindingthatmismatchedhares…whichmainlyeatsthesehares.”，再结合最后一段他的疑问可以推出他的语气是“担心的”，故选C。CNelleHarperLee»betterknownbyherpennameHarperLee,wasanAmericannovelistwidelyknownforToKillaMockingbird,publishedin1960.Immediatelysuccessful,itwonthe1961PulitzerPrizeandhasbeeaclassicofmodemAmericanliterature.In1991anorganizationconductedasurveythatmadereadersidentifybooksthathad“madeadifference”intheirlives.Theresult?Lee'sbooktrailedonlyTheBible.AlongsidetheworksofShakespeareandTwain,thisnovelremainsoneofthemostwidelytaughtbooksnationwide,reachingabout70%ofAmericanpublicschools.Whatmakesitsuchatypicalreadforyoungpeople?EnglishclassisaplacewhereyoungAmericansetoknowthemselves.Inthefoldsofdustybooks,studentscanmakecontactwithhumanitybeyondtheshallowsmalltalkoftheschoolhallways.Disturbedbyhormones(荷尔蒙）andanxiety,teenagersgetthroughschoolwithconfusionandfrustration.Literatureisasafetyvalve(安全阀）一itpromisesrelief,aplacetofigureoutone'sproblemsandgettoknowoneselfbetter.Thenovelparticularlydistinguishesitselfinthisaspect.Itspeaksinachild'svoicewithouttreatingitsreadershipaschildren.Somecriticshavecalleditan“impossible”achievement,achildren'sbookpennedbyawelleducatedadult—it'sunlikelythatachildlikeScoutcouldexistintherealworld.Butthat'sexactlywhatmakesitsuchacharming,attractivereadforyoungpeople.Itindicatestheconsciousnessofawelleducatedadultfacingdifficultrealities,butdescribesitthroughthelightandplayfulvoiceofacuriouslittlegirl.GabyHick,athirdyearstudentfocusedonEnglishliteratureatBrownUniversity,callsit^oneofthefirstbooksthatkidsandyoungadultsreadthatdealswithseriousissues一rape,race,mentalissues”.Sheadds,“ThestorymakestheseadultthemesaccessiblebecauseofScout.”Thebook’ssetting,asmalltowninAlabamaaffectedbytheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,mayappearverydifferentfromtheexperienceofmostkidsreadingittoday.ButLee'swordsmakeherstoryfeelaliveandpresent.In2006,however,criticThomasMallonexpressedhisregretaboutthebook'savoidingplexityinTheNewYorker.ButhernovelmakesagreatteachingtoolforteenagerspreciselybecauseitsmoralviewisasclearasthatofoneofAesop'sFables.Thatabsenceofambiguity(含糊其辞）inthisnoveldoesn'tmeanthenovelisfreeofchallengingideas,either.WillSerratelli,anotherliteraturestudentatBrownsays,“Therearen’tmanyhardmoralquestionsbeingasked…butitopensupalltheseotherquestionsthat1hadn'tthoughtaboutbefore.MyEnglishteachersalwaysasked,Doyousympathize(同情）withthischaracter?Wouldyouwanttohangoutwiththem?’Whenyougiveakidabookwherethosequestionsdon'tevenneedtobeasked,itforcesthemtodigdeeper.”Mallon'scriticismisaccurateinthatthisnovelmaypresenttoolimitedaviewofracisminAmerica.That'sespeciallyproblematicbecauseitisoneoftheonlybooksconsistentlyassignedtoAmericanstudentsthatacknowledges(承认）racialdiscrimination(歧视）atall.However,ToKillaMockingbirdmayowesomeofitspopularityasateachingtexttothefactthatthenarrativevoiceisawhiteone.NaomiVamis,anAfricanStudiesstudentatBrownsays,“It'sanotherpracticeoftellingstoriesaboutblackpeoplethroughwhitecentralcharacters,”shesays.Whilethenovelisundoubtedlyworthitsplaceintheclassroom,Englishteachersmaydowelltoconsiderthatitisawhiteauthor'sperspective—andoughttobetheonlybeginningofadialogueaboutraceandneverthefinalword.Butasagatewaytomorematureideas,andasaYA(youngadult)distillation(提炼）ofplexconceptsyoungpeoplemaynothavegraspedbefore,Lee'snovelisinvaluable.41.Accordingtothepassage,thenovelToKillaMockingbirdcanhelpus.A.reducemuchanxietyforfearoflosingourselvesB.understandwhattherealpersonalityofhumanisC.knowmoreaboutthepastU.S.economicsituationD.findanddealwithsomeotherplicatedquestions42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trailed”mostprobablymeaninParagraph1?A.Wasasgoodas.B.Triedhardtodefeat.C.Wentalongthesamerouteas.D.Hadalowerscorethan.43.WhatcanweconcludefromWillSerratelli'sstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?A.Thekidsareunwillingtoanswerchallengingquestions.B.Thekidshavetofacemoremoralquestions.C.Thekidstendtosympathizewiththecharacters.D.Thekidsaremotivatedtothinkfurther.44.WhyisthenovelwellreceivedbyteenagersintheU.S.?A.BecauseitrevealsracialdiscriminationinAmerica.B.Becauseawhiteauthortellsthestoriesaboutblackpeople.C.Becauseitmakessomeseriousadultissuesaccessible.D.Becauseitiswidelyusedasatoolformoraljudgmentsinsociety.45.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Totellusaboutthecontentofthenovel.B.Toexplainthereasonsforitspopularity.C.Tointroducesomedifferentments.D.Toapproveofthecreativewritingstyle.【答案】41.A42.D43.D44.C45.B【解析】本文介绍以ToKillaMockingbird小说而成名的美国小说家——HarperLee。41.A................................................42.D词义猜测题。根据onlyTheBible可知Lee’s的书名气之大仅次于“圣经”，故选D。43.D词义猜测题。根据第五段最后一句Whenyougiveakidabookwherethosequestionsdon'tevenneedtobeasked,itforcesthemtodigdeeper.”当你给孩子一本书，那些问题甚至不需要问，这迫使他们更深入地挖掘。可知答案为D。44.C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Butasagatewaytomorematureideas,andasaYA(youngadult)distillation(提炼）ofplexconceptsyoungpeoplemaynothavegraspedbefore,Lee'snovelisinvaluable.因为它使一些严重的成人问题容易理解。故选C。45.B目的意图题。根据第一段最后两句AlongsidetheworksofShakespeareandTwain,thisnovelremainsoneofthemostwidelytaughtbooksnationwide,reachingabout70%ofAmericanpublicschools.Whatmakesitsuchatypicalreadforyoungpeople?作者写这篇文章的目的是解释这本书流行的原因。故选B。第Ⅱ卷（共50分）第四部分任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格填1个单词。Thebasicsofinfrastructure(基础设施）designItisrightlypointedoutbyvariousintellectualsthatthelifestyleoftodayisvastlydifferentfromthatoftheearliertimesespeciallyintermsofitspace.Lifestyleoftodayisremarkablyfastpacedandsoinordertocatchupwithsuchapaceoflife,theadoptionofsmartandtimesavingmethodsisofrealsignificance.Well,thehighwayshavecertainlycontributedinthisdirectionandhavemadeourlivesaloteasier.Thankstothemodernflyoversandexpressways,asingleroutecanbeaccessedbytwicethenumberofvehiclesatthesametime.Thesefacilitiesandsupplieshavemadeourlivesdoublefreebutitneedstoberealizedthatdesigningandconstructingitisaveryplexandalongprocess.Youhavetoholdfirmlytothevariousrulesofdesigning,governmentstandardsandmostimportantly,theirsafetyandusabilityforthepeople.Intheenditisajointeffortofanumberofskilledengineers,scientistsandstatisticians.Thematerialthatisusedintheconstructionisf