2021-2022学年湖南省长郡中学、长沙市一中名校联考联合体高一上学期12月联考英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年湖南省长郡中学、长沙市一中名校联考联合体高一上学期12月联考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoestheboystillneedtodo?A.Hanguphisclothes. B.Putawayhistoys. C.Sweepthefloor.【答案】C【解析】原文】W:Ithoughtyouweregoingtocleanupinhere!M:Idid!Mytoysareinthetoybox,andallmyclothesareinthecloset.W:Butwhataboutthedirtonthefloor?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthegirldoing?A.Makingthebed. B.Fixingthechair. C.Drivingtoschool.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoudoingnow?Itoldyoutogettobedearlysoyou’dbeontimeforyourfirstdayofschool.W:Thisloudchairisdrivingmecrazy.I’mjusttryingtofixit.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthewomansad?A.ShelostherhomeworkB.ThemandeletedheressayC.Sheforgottosendsomeemails【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tfindmyresearchessayfileanywhereonhere.Didyoudeleteit?M:Ofcoursenot.Idon'tevenknowyourpassword.Haveyousavedacopyanywhere?W:No.IwishIhademailedittomyself.Argh!Ididmyworkontime,buttheteacherwillneverbelievethat.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?A.Whattimeitis.B.Whenhistrainissupposedtoleave.C.Wherehecanfindtheboardinghall.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Doyouhaveawatch,byanychance?MyphonebatteryisdeadandIthinkI’vemissedmytrain.W:Sorry,Idon’t.ButIthinkthere’sabigclockbytheboardinghall.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Lookathiscards. B.Usedifferentcards. C.Puthiscardsdown.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:You’vejustcheated!Isawyoulookatyourcards.W:No,Ididn’t.Iwasjustputtingthemdownonthetable.Here,whydon’tyoupassoutadifferentsetofcardsandwe’llstartover?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhydoesRustythinkthenewstudentispoor?A.She'snotfashionableB.HerjeanshavepiecessewnonthemC.Hermomgaveheroldclothes7.WhatdoesSallythinkofRusty?A.HeishelpfulB.HeistoocuriousC.Heisalittlebehindthetimes【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:DidyouseethenewstudentinMissFoley'sclass,Sally?Ithinkshe'sfromapoorfamily.W:Poor?Whywouldyouthinkthat?M:Shehaspiecesofclothonherjeans.I'llbetshehasholesinthem,andshecan'taffordtobuynewones.Hermomhadtosewonthepiecesofclothtofixheroldjeans.W:Rusty,you'realittlebehindthetimes.That'sthefashionnowadays.Halfofourclasshaspiecessewnontheirjeans.Ifherparentsarereallypoor,wecertainlywillhelpher.M:That'sgreat.Anytimeweshouldhelpthepoor.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.HowdoesHarrietknowthetime?A.FromheriPhone. B.Fromherwatch. C.Fromthesun.9.WhatdoesDonthinkaboutHarriet’sexplanation?A.It’swrong. B.It’sfunny. C.It’stooscientific.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Whattimeisit,Harriet?I’mstarving,butIguessit’snottimeforlunchyet.W:Let’ssee...accordingtomyiPhone,it’sjustafewminutespastnoon.M:What?Ithoughtmywatchwaswrong.Shouldn’tthesunbeoverheadifit’snoon?W:Oh,Don,Icantellyouweren’tlisteninginthescienceclasslastweek.Thesunisonlyoverheadatnoonfortwodaysayear.M:Ha-ha.Veryfunny.W:No,really.Mrs.Sorensonexplainedit.Theearthgoesaroundthesunatanangle,andthatchangeswherethesunisatnoon.M:But..thenthoseoldclocksthatmeasuredtimebythesun’sshadowareallwrong?W:Um,notexactly.They’rejustnotthesameasthetimewekeeponourcomputers.M:IwishIweresittingatacomputerrightnowinsteadofouthere.I’mstartingtohatenature.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.HowAlexatreatedherplantsB.WhereAlexaplantedherplantsC.WhyAlexakeptherhousegreen11.WhatdidAlexadowithheryellowplant?A.SheputitinthesunlightB.ShereturnedittotheshopC.Shegaveittoomuchwater12.WhatdoesthemansuggestAlexado?A.FindoutmoreaboutplantsonlineB.MoveallherplantsoutofthesunC.Throwallherplantsaway【答案】10.A11.C12.A【解析】【原文】M:Oh,no.Whathappenedinhere,Alexa?Whyaretheresomedeadplants?W:Iknow.Everyplantcomesinaliveandendsupdead.Idefinitelydonothaveagreenthumb.M:Peoplealwayssaythat,butit'snotthathardtokeephouseplants.Whatdidyoudotocareforthisone?W:Thatonehadabigfloweronit,soIputitinthesunlight.M:ThisisawinterplantfromnorthChina.Itdoesn'tdowellindirectsunlight.Justmoveithere.Didn'tyoulookuphowtocareforitwhenyougotit?W:No.Ijustthoughtitwaspretty,anditwasdoingOKintheshop.M:Andthisonehereisallyellow.Thatmeansyougaveittoomuchwater.W:Toomuchwater?Ithinkifitdoesn'tneedthewater,itdoesn'thavetodrinkit.M:That'snothowplantswork.I'mafraidtherootsystemunderthedirtofthisoneisdestroyed.You'llhavetothrowthisoneaway.Look,here'sanappwithplantinformation.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whydoesn’tSuehavethecake?A.Shedislikesit.B.She’stryingtoloseweight.C.She’stryingtoavoidallergy（过敏）.14.Whobroughtthesandwiches?A.Jill B.Tom C.Sharon15.WhatdoesSuereallywant?A.Asalad B.Someseafood C.Somehotsoup16.WhatwillBilldoinafewhours?ASeeadoctor B.Gotoarestaurant C.Talkwiththeguests【答案】13.C14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Whydon’tyouhavesomeofmycake,Sue?Imadeitjustforthisparty.W:Sorry,Bill.I’mnotintocakeatthemoment.Ithoughtyouknewaboutmydiet.M:Onyourbirthday?Surelyyoucaneatwhateveryouwantonyourbirthday.Youcanstartyourdiettomorrow.Andanyway,youlookgreat.W:Well,thanks,Bill.Iamnotonadiettoloseweight,actually.Mydoctortoldmetostopeatingcertainfoods.I’mtryingtoavoidbeingallergictosomething.M:Ididn’tknowfoodcouldleadtothat.Ialsonoticedyoudidn’teatanyofthesandwichesJillbrought.W:Yeah.AndyouandTomandSharonallbroughtdifferentcakes.I’mdyingtotrythem!M:Whydon’tIgogetyouasalad?I’msureyou’llfeelbetterifyoueatsomething.W:Allright.It’stheonlythinghereIcaneat.WhatIreallywantissomehotsoup.M:Whydon’tIgoandgetsomesoupfromtherestaurantacrossthestreetforyou?W:That’sawfullyniceofyou,butI’menjoyingmyparty.Maybewecouldgoafterwards.M:OK.Yougobackinthehouseandchatwiththeguests,andI’llcalltherestaurantandtellthemwe’llbethereinafewhours.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthebighallmainlyusedfor?A.Parents’meetings. B.Musiclessons. C.Sportsactivities.18.Whencanchildrenusethelibraryontheirown?A.Atanytimeoftheday.B.Betweenlessons.C.Afterschool.19.Whereisthespeaker’soffice?A.Besidethereceptiondesk.B.Oppositethelibrary.C.Besidethewatermachine.20.Howoftendochildrenusethecomputerroom?A.Atleasttwiceaday. B.Atleastonceaday. C.Atleastonceaweek.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】Hello,andwelcometotheschool.IthoughtitwouldbebestifIshowyouroundtheschoolandthenIcanspeaktoyoueach.OK,now,we’rehereatthereceptiondesk,whichiswhereyoucomeifyouhaveanyquestionsorwanttoseeanyone.Ifyoulookjustpastthehallwayyoucanseethebighall.Weusethisasagymandwehaveconcertshereattheendofterms.Wecanfitallourparentsandchildreninthere.Thenoverbytheglassdoorsisthelibrary.Weusethisinlessonsandthechildrencangotherebetweenlessonsaswell.Wetrytobuynewbookseverytermbutitdependsonhowmuchmoneywehave.Then,nexttothereceptiondeskhere,ismyofficeandyoucanmakeanappointmenttoseemeatanytime.I’moftenhereafterschoolifyou’reworking,sojustcallmyassistanttofixthetime.Andfinally,overthereinthecornerbythewatermachineisthecomputerroom.Wetrytousethisatleastonceadaywiththechildren.Now,ifyoufollowme...第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACanadianRockiesFamilyMulti-adventureCampingTourDay1:AwesomeviewsofMountRundleandCascadeMountainareyoutoadmireasyoubikethroughBanfftoLakeMinnewanka.Notreadytostop?RidetoDay2:TravelaroundKootenayDay3:Keepyoureyeontheforestfordeer,sheepandbearsasyoucycletoLakeLouise.VisitMoraineLakeandwalkthroughanice-carvedvalleybeneathhugemountainstoConsolationDay4:RaftingontheKickingHorseRiver-agoodtimewithatasteofwhite-waterthrills!Theyoungercrowdteamsupwithalocalguideforarock-climbinglessonwhilegrown-upsgoforaclassicDatesandPricesChildren11to17yearsoldreceivea10%savingandchildren4to10yearsoldreceivea20%saving.Theearlieryoubook,themorechoiceyou'llhaveandtheloweryourpricewillbe.Andyoucanalwayschangeyourmindyouwon'tbechargedifyouplantogoonanothertripbeforeyourfinalpaymentisdue.July1-4,2020:$1,800perpersonJuly5-4,2020:$1,900perpersonAugust1-4,2020:$2,000perpersonAugust5-8,2020:$2,100perperson21.Whatwilltouristsdoontheseconddayofthetour?A.SetupcampatJohnstonB.Witnessavastwildfireinperson.C.ExploreKootenayD.Walkthroughanice-carvedvalley.22.Onwhichdaycankidslearnrockclimbing?A.Day1. B.Day2. C.Day3. D.Day4.23.Howmuchshouldan8-year-oldboypayforhistripduringAugust1-4?A.$1,600. B.$1,800. C.$2,000. D.$2,100.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了在加拿大落基山脉的家庭Multi-adventure露营之旅的行程安排和价格。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Day2:TravelaroundKootenayNationalParkonfoot.(第二天：徒步游览Kootenay国家公园)”可知，第二天，游客们可以游览Kootenay国家公园。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Day4:(第四天：)”和“Theyoungercrowdteamsupwithalocalguideforarock-climbinglesson(年轻的人群会和当地导游一起上攀岩课)”可知，在第四天，孩子们可以学攀岩。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“children4to10yearsoldreceivea20%saving(4到10岁的孩子可以得到20%的折扣)”和“August1-4,2020:$2,000perperson(2020年8月1日至4日:每人2000美元)”可知，在8月1日至4日期间去旅行的4-10岁的孩子可以享受20%的折扣，即2000×(1-20%)=1600美元。故选A项。BDoyoustillrememberthesceneinthefamousmovieTitanic，directedbyCameron,whereJackwasfrozentodeathintheicycoldwatersothatRosecouldsurvive（存活）onthefloating（浮动的）dooralone?Itbrokemanypeople'shearts.Twentyyearslater,peoplearestillaskingthequestion,“Wasn'tthereenoughroomonthedoorforbothofthem?”Camerononcerespondedbysayingitwasn'taquestionofroom,butbuoyancy-ifbothofthemhadtriedtostayonthedoor,heargued,thewholethingwouldsink.Butseveralguysfrom“MythBusters”,anAustralian-Americanscienceentertainmenttelevisionprogram,decidedtotestthetheorythemselves.TheydiscoveredthatifRosehadtakenoffherlifejackettothebottomofthedoor,therewouldhavebeenenoughbuoyancytokeepbothofthemafloat.WhentheypresentedtheirfindingstoCameron,thedirectorinsistedthatJackcouldn'tbesaved.“Theanswerisverysimple,”Cameronsaid.“BecauseitsaysonPage147ofthescriptthatJackdies.”ToCameron,itwasanartisticchoicetohavethebelovedcharacterofmillions,Jack,sinkintothecoldsea.JackhadtodiebecauseCameronthoughtitwouldbebest.“Itwasanartisticchoice.Thethingwasjustbigenoughtoholdher,andnotbigenoughtoholdboth,”Cameronsaid.“Ithinkit'sallkindofsilly,really,thatwe'rehavingthisdiscussion20yearslater.ButitdoesshowthatthefilmwaseffectiveinmakingJacksobelovedbytheaudiencethatithurtsthemtoseehimdie.Thefilmisaboutdeathandseparation；hehadtodie.”SinceJackhadtodie,Cameronsaid,itcouldhavehappenedinavarietyofdifferentways.It'snotaboutthedoornotbeingbigenough：that'sjustapracticalmethodforhisdeath.“Whetheritwasthat,orwhetherachimneyfellonhim,hewasgoingdown,”Cameronsaid.“It'scalledart:thingshappenforartisticreasons,notforphysicsreasons.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutthecharacterJackaccordingtothetext?A.Hewantedtokillhimself B.HegaveuphisownlifetosaveRoseC.Hedidn'thavemoneytobuytheticket D.Helackedbasicknowledgeofphysics25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buoyancy”inParagraph3mean?A.Theabilitytofloat B.ThetendencytosinkC.Theamountofspace D.Thequalityofthematerial26.AccordingtoCameron,whydidtheaudienceargueaboutJack'sdeathfor20years?A.Theyareweakpeople B.Theydon'tlikethemovieC.TheylovethecharacterJack. D.Theyarecrazyaboutphysics27.Whywasachimneymentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tointroducehowtheshipwasbuilt B.ToshowtheoriginalplanofthemovieC.Topresentthemissingpartofthemovie D.ToexplaintheunchangeabledeathofJack【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了观众提出了对电影《泰坦尼克号》中Jack为了救Rose之死的质疑。导演给出了Jack非死不可的理由。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“JackwasfrozentodeathintheicycoldwatersothatRosecouldsurviveonthefloatingdooralone”（Jack被冻死在冰冷的水中是为了Rose能一个人在漂浮的门板上活下来）可知，根据文章我们对Jack这个角色的了解是：他为了救Rose牺牲了自己的生命。故选B。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据buoyancy后面破折号后的解释说明“ifbothofthemhadtriedtostayonthedoor,heargued,thewholethingwouldsink”（如果两个人都在门上，他辩论说，那么连人带门都会沉没。）可知，这不是空间不足的问题，而是浮力的问题。3段中带下划线的意思是：漂浮的能力。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第四句“ButitdoesshowthatthefilmwaseffectiveinmakingJacksobelovedbytheaudiencethatithurtsthemtoseehimdie.”（但那确实表明，这部电影有效地把Jack塑造得让观众非常喜爱，以至于看到他死去他们感到心痛。）可知，Cameron认为，观众之所以争论Jack的死，是因为他们喜欢这个角色。故选C。【27题详解】目的意图题。根据最后一段中的前三句“SinceJackhadtodie,Cameronsaid,itcouldhavehappenedinavarietyofdifferentways.It'snotaboutthedoornotbeingbigenough:that'sjustapracticalmethodforhisdeath.“Whetheritwasthat,orwhetherachimneyfellonhim,hewasgoingdown,”Cameronsaid.”（Cameron说，既然Jack必须死，那就有可能以各种不同的方式死去。不是门板够不够大的问题：那不过是一种对于他来说可行的死亡方式。Cameron说：“不管是那个，还是烟囱砸到他身上，他都要倒下。”。）可知在最后一段提到烟囱是因为：以解释Jack无法改变的死亡。故选D。CTheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlife.Weuseitforworkandpleasure.Weuseittolearnanewlanguage.Wefindadviceonit.Weuseittoconnectwithfamilyandfriends.Weuseittostayintouchwitheventswecareabout.Thelistgoesonandon.Well,thattrainhasleftthestation.ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?Itmightbe,researcherssay.AnewstudyfindsthatheavyInternetusemaybeconnectedtohighbloodpressureinanunlikelygroup:teenagers.Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvessels(血管)worktoohard.Overtime,thisextrapressureincreasesyourriskofaheartattack.Highbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidney(肾脏)diseases.Itisalsocloselylinkedtoabraindisease.TheHenryFordHospitalinDetroit,Michigandidthestudy.335youngpeople,from14to17yearsold,tookpartinit.134oftheteensweredescribedas“heavyInternetusers”.Andresearchersfoundthatoutofthese134teens,26hadhighbloodpressure.TheresearcherssaythestudyisthefirsttoconnectheavyInternetusewithhighbloodpressure.OtherresearchhasconnectedheavyInternetusewithanxiety,depressionandobesity(TheleadresearcherisAndreaCassidy-Bushrow.Shesaid,“UsingtheInternetispartofourdailylife,butitshouldn'truinus.”MsCassidy-Bushrowaddsthatitisimportantforteenstotakeregularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphonesanddosomekindofphysicalactivity.Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren'suseoftheInternettotwohoursaday,fivedaysaweek.28.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2imply?A.TheInternetdevelopsrapidly.B.NoonecanescapefromtheInternet.C.TheInternetcanprovidewhateverwewant.D.ThereisnogoingbacktoanInternet-freelife.29.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Causesofhighbloodpressure. B.Theharmofhighbloodpressure.C.ThedisadvantagesofInternetuse. D.Ways30.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayAndreaCassidy-Bushrowagreewith?A.Teenagersshouldn'tusetheInternet.B.TheInternetwillruinhumanlifeinthefuture.C.Smartphonesaremoreharmfulthancomputers.D.RegularbreaksarenecessarywhenteensareusingtheInternet.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.HeavyInternetusersaremostlyteenagers.B.WeshouldpreventteenagersfromtheInternet.C.ToomuchInternetusemaybebadforteenagers.D.Everycoinhastwosides—sodoestheInternet.【答案】28.D29.B30.D31.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了最近一项新的研究发现，青少年如果过度使用因特网的话可能导致高血压。【28题详解】词句猜测题。文章第一段讲了现在因特网对于人类生活来说至关重要，并列举了我们日常生活中用到因特网的方方面面。第二段作者引用了“thattrainhasleftthestation.(那列火车已经出站了)”这句话，紧跟着又提出关于过度使用因特网会不会影响我们的健康的疑问。由此可推知，在此处所要表达的意思就是：我们不能返回到没有因特网的生活了。故选D。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvessels(血管)worktoohard.Overtime,thisextrapressureincreasesyourriskofaheartattack.Highbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidney(肾脏)diseases.Itisalsocloselylinkedtoabraindisease.(高血压会使你的心脏和血管工作过度。随着时间的推移，这种额外的压力会增加你心脏病发作的风险。高血压还会引起心脏和肾脏疾病。它还与一种脑部疾病密切相关)”可知，本段主要介绍了高血压的危害。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“itisimportantforteenstotakeregularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphonesanddosomekindofphysicalactivity.(对于青少年来说，远离电脑或智能手机，经常休息并且做一些体育活动，这是很重要的)”可知，AndreaCassidy-Bushrow认为在使用互联网的同时，休息和运动是非常重要的。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?Itmightbe,researcherssay.AnewstudyfindsthatheavyInternetusemaybeconnectedtohighbloodpressureinanunlikelygroup:teenagers.(但是过度使用互联网对我们的健康有害吗？研究人员说，可能是这样。一项新的研究发现，过度使用互联网可能会导致一个不太可能的群体患高血压：青少年)”及下文介绍可知，本篇文章主要讲了过度使用互联网可能对青少年有害。故选C。DTosolveabigenvironmentalproblem,chemistsintheCzechEachnewrobotisnobiggerthanthetipofasharpenedpencil.Theyaremagnetic(有磁性的)andshapedlikestars.Whensunlighthitsthem,theyproducechemicalreactionsthatpushthemthroughwaterinaspecificdirection.Whentheyfindapieceofplastic,theysticktoitandstarttobreakitdown.Whenthelightgoesout,theyletgoandarefreetobeusedagain.“Thisworkisgreat,”saysDouglasBlackistonatTuftsUniversityinMedford,ChemistMartinPumeraattheCzechUniversityofChemistryandTechnologyinPragueledtheproject.Hestudieswaystobuildmicrorobots.Aboutadecadeago,hesays,scientistsbegandevelopingtinybotsthatcouldmovethemselvesinwater.Then,theyhadtofindthemamissionandthought“Let’smakethemdosomethinguseful.”Sincethen,Pumerahasfocusedontheproblemposedbymicroplastics,whichareeverywhere—fromthebottomoftheoceantoairblowingontoiceatopmountains.They’veturnedupindrinkingwater,bothbottledandtapwater,andsomestudiesestimatethattrillionsofpiecesofplasticendupintheworld’swaters.Theplastichasmanysources,fromdrinkingstrawsandshoppingbagstolaundryandcleaningwipes.Plasticdoesn’teasilydegradeorfallapart,andthat’salwaysbeenoneofitsappeals.Pumerasayshisfinalgoalistomakecheapandenvironmentallyfriendlyrobotsthatcanbeusedanywhereintheworld.32.Whatdothenewrobotsmainlydo?A.Tocollecttinybitsofplasticinthesea B.TopushthepollutioninwaterawayC.Tohelpdoresearchintotheplastic D.Todealwiththeplasticinwater33.Howdothenewrobotsgetpowered?A.Bystars B.Byplastic C.Bysunlight D.Bylivingcells34.WhydidPumeratakepartintheproject?A.BecauseofpublicattentiontotheplasticB.BecauseofthechallengesfromtheplasticC.BecausehewasaskedtodosobyotherscientistsD.Becausehewasinspiredbytheinventionofmicrorobots35.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A.Smallrobots,bigdreams B.Noplasticinwateranymore!C.Robots,winnersagainstplastic D.Thefightbetweenrobotsandplastic【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种新型微型机器人，它可以帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Tosolveabigenvironmentalproblem,chemistsintheCzechRepublichavebeenthinkingsmall.Reallysmall.Theirnewminirobothasonepurpose:tohelpcleanuptinybitsofplasticpollutingwaterwaysacrosstheglobe.”（为了解决一个大的环境问题，捷克共和国的化学家们一直在考虑小问题。真的很小。他们的新型微型机器人有一个目的：帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。）可知，这种新型微型机器人用来帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片，由此可知，新机器人主要处理水中的塑料。故选D项。33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Whensunlighthitsthem,theyproducechemicalreactionsthatpushthemthroughwaterinaspecificdirection.Whentheyfindapieceofplastic,theysticktoitandstarttobreakitdown.Whenthelightgoesout,theyletgoandarefreetobeusedagain.”（当阳光照射到它们时，它们会产生化学反应，将它们按特定的方向在水中推进。当他们发现一块塑料时，他们会粘在上面并开始分解。当灯熄灭时，它们松开，可以自由再次使用。）可知，当阳光照射到这种机器人时，它们会产生化学反应，将它们按特定的方向在水中推进，发现并处理垃圾，由此可知，新机器人是通过阳光获得动力的。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Then,theyhadtofindthemamissionandthought“Let’smakethemdosomethinguseful.”Sincethen,Pumerahasfocusedontheproblemposedbymicroplastics,whichareeverywhere—fromthebottomoftheoceantoairblowingontoiceatopmountains.”（然后，他们不得不给它们找一个任务，并想“我们让他们做一些有用的事情。”从那时起，Pumera开始关注微塑料带来的问题，从海底到空气吹到的山顶的冰上，微塑料无处不在。）和“Plasticdoesn’teasilydegradeorfallapart,andthat’salwaysbeenoneofitsappeals.”（塑料不容易降解或分解，这一直是它的吸引力之一。）可知，Pumera希望自己研发的机器人能做一些有用的事情，他开始关注微塑料带来的问题，塑料不容易降解或分解，给环境带来了挑战，这是吸引Pumera从事该项研究的原因之一，由此可知，Pumera参与该项目是因为塑料带来的挑战。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第一段内容“Tosolveabigenvironmentalproblem,chemistsintheCzechRepublichavebeenthinkingsmall.Reallysmall.Theirnewminirobothasonepurpose:tohelpcleanuptinybitsofplasticpollutingwaterwaysacrosstheglobe.”（为了解决一个大的环境问题，捷克共和国的化学家们一直在考虑小问题。真的很小。他们的新型微型机器人有一个目的：帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。）可知，本文主要介绍了化学家们发明的微型机器人，它可以解决一个大的环境问题，那就是帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片，机器人虽小，但能解决大的问题，“Smallrobots,bigdreams”意为“小机器人，大梦想”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyourdailyschedulehasyousittingstillforhours,it'simportanttomovetoavoidthenegativehealthinfluencesof“sittingforlong”throughoutyourday.____36____That's24minutesofexercisedaily.Createapracticalplantomakethree-minutemovementeveryhourduringaneight-hourworkday.Moveyourhandstorelievetension.Thetensioninyourhandsfromtypingmightcontributetothatinyourshoulders.Fixyourattentionononehandatatimewhenperforminghandexercises.____37____Makeatightfistandthenopenyourhandandspreadyourfingersaswideaspossible.Repeatfivetimes.Moveyourfeet,too.Spendingjustafewminutesadayactivelymovingyourfeetandanklescanhaveagreatimpactonhowyoufeelthroughoutyourbody.Raiseyourenergyandmoodwithadance.It'scommonforbothmentalandphysicalenergytodeclineintheafternoonafterlunch.Whynottakeanenergeticdancetooneofyourfavoritebeats?____38____Simplyletyourbodymovetothemusic.Don'tforgettowalk.Walkingisoneofthemostaccessible,total-body,fat-burningexercisesavailabletohumankind.____39________40____Afteronlyaweekofpracticingthisplan,youcandefinitelynoticeaboostinyouroverallhealthandfitness.A.Makesurethehandislong-fingered.B.Mostsongsaveragethreetofourminutes.C.Youshouldsticktoitandwalkaslongasyoucan.D.Restanelbowonyourdesktomakeitstable（稳定的）.E.Whatifyougetupandmoveforthreeminuteseveryhour?F.Everydaytrytotakeatleasta10-minutewalk-ideally,outside.G.Createahabitofgettingoutofyourchairhourlyforafewminutesofmovement.【答案】36.E37.D38.B39.F40.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于每天的日程安排一坐就是几个小时的人的几种锻炼方式。【36题详解】根据空格后“That's24minutesofexercisedaily.”（那就是每天24分钟的锻炼。）以及“tomakethree-minutemovementeveryhourduringaneight-hourworkday”（制定一个切实可行的计划，在一个八小时的工作日内每小时做三分钟的运动。）可知，E选项（如果你每小时起来走动三分钟呢？），和后文的每天三分钟的运动相符，也对应一天八小时工作日，8*3=24分钟。故选E。【37题详解】根据空格后“Makeatightfistandthenopenyourhandandspreadyourfingersaswideaspossible.”（握紧拳头，然后张开你的手，把手指尽量张开。）可知，空格处应该在介绍手的运动的第一个步骤，D选项（把一只胳膊肘放在桌子上使它稳定）符合题意。故选D。【38题详解】由本段的主题句“Raiseyourenergyandmoodwithadance.”（通过跳舞来提升你的能量和情绪。）以及空后的“Simplyletyourbodymovetothemusic.”（简单地让你的身体随着音乐移动。），B选项（大多数歌曲平均3到4分钟。）描述音乐的长度，引起下文。故选B。【39题详解】根据空格前句子“Don'tforgettowalk.Walkingisoneofthemostaccessible,total-body,fat-burningexercisesavailabletohumankind.”（别忘了走路。步行是人类最容易进行的全身脂肪燃烧运动之一。），可推断此处介绍walking的合理时长。F选项（每天，尽量至少在户外散步10分钟。）符合题意。故选F。【40题详解】根据空格后句子“Afteronlyaweekofpracticingthisplan,youcandefinitelynoticeaboostinyouroverallhealthandfitness.”（在仅仅一周的实践这个计划之后，你肯定会注意到你的整体健康状况有所改善。），可知空格处解释thisplan的内容，G选项（养成每小时从椅子上站起来做几分钟运动的习惯。）引起下文，符合题意。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfatherwasanill-humoredman.Iknewhelovedmeandhislovewas____41____.Hejustdidn'tknowhowtoexpressit.Oneeveningwewentoutforanightonthetown.Weweresittinginafamousrestaurantthathadasmallbutlively____42____.Whentherecameafamiliarwaltztune(曲调)Idecidedtoinvitehimforadance.“Dad,youknowI'veneverdancedwithyou.Ibeggedyoubutyou____43____wantedto.Howaboutrightnow?”Iwaitedfortheusual____44____.Butinsteadheconsideredthoughtfullyandthenasurprisingtwinkleappearedinhiseyes.“Let'shitthefloorandI'llshowyoujustwhatkindofmovesan____45____guylikemecanstillmake.”MyfathertookmeinhisarmsandIfeltovercomeby____46____.AswedancedI____47____myfatherbutheavoidedmygaze(注视).“Dad,”Ifinallywhispered,tearsinmyeyes,“whyisitsohardforyoutolookatme?”Atlasthis____48____droppedtomyfaceandhestudiedme.“BecauseIloveyousomuch,”hesaid.Iwasstruckdumb(愣住)byhisresponse.Itwasn'twhatIhad____49____.ButitwasofcourseexactlywhatIneededtohear.Hisowneyesweretearyandhewasblinking.Ihadalwaysknownthathelovedme.Ijusthadn'tunderstoodthathisdeepemotionhad____50____himandmadehimmute(沉默的).“Iloveyoutoo,Dad!”Isaidsoftly.Hestumbledoverthenextfewwords,“I'msorrythatI'mnotgoodatshowingfeelings.It's____51____forme,butjustrememberhowmuchIloveyou.”WhenthedanceendedIexcusedmyselftotheladies'roomandduringmyabsence____52____changed.Dadfelldownheavilyinhischair.Everythingwasreallyalltoo____53____.Hewasgone.NowIstillrememberourwaltzonthedancefloorandhissuddenconfession(坦白)tome.Itwas____54____thefirst,lastandonlydancethatIeverhadwithm