选择性必修第四册　Unit 1　Science Fiction-2025英语大一轮复习讲义人教版

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．fictionn．小说；虚构的事2．sciencefiction(informalsci-fi)科幻小说(或影片等)3．bonusn．意外收获；奖金；红利4．ridiculousadj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的5．absurdadj.荒谬的；荒唐的6．nailn．指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定7．suspendvt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓8．laddern．梯子；阶梯9．whereasconj.然而；但是；尽管10．rumourn．谣言；传闻11．presumevt.&vi.假定；假设12．faren．车费；船费；飞机票价13．gramme(NAmEgram)n.克(重量单位)14．venuen．活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)15．alienn．外星人(生物)；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的16．inactionn．无行动；不采取措施17．levern．操纵杆；杠杆18．paneln．控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组19．inchn．英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)20．gripvt.&vi.紧握；抓紧21．hazyadj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的22．puffn．(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息23．joltn．震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.&vi.(使)震动；摇晃24．flipvt.&vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛25．overstatementn．夸大；夸张Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．integrityn．诚实正直；完整；完好2．dignityn．庄重；庄严；尊严3．salaryn．薪水；薪金4．saleswomann．女售货员；女推销员5．dismissvt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除6．weeklyadj.每周的n．周刊7．chairwomann．女主席；女董事长；女委员长8．flourn．面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉9．salesmann．售货员；推销员10．superioradj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的11．labourn．劳动(者)；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作12．leathern．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套13．backwards(NAmEbackward)adv.向后；倒着；往回14．niecen．侄女；外甥女15．fetchvt.(去)拿来；(去)请来16．handkerchiefn．手帕；纸巾17．lampn．灯；台灯18．pacen．速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏19．randomadj.随机的；不可思议的20．maximumadj.最大极限的n．最大量；最大限度21．stunvt.使震惊；使昏迷Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．appointmentn．预约；约会；委任→appointvt.任命；委派；指定；约定2．guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guiltn．内疚；罪行；罪过3．declarevt.表明；宣称；公布→declarationn．宣称；声明4．calculatevt.计算；核算；预测→calculatorn．计算器→calculationn．计算5．blurredadj.模糊不清的；难以区分的→blurv．(使)变得模糊不清；(使)视线模糊6．divisionn．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→dividev．分开；分散；分配；分享7．urgen．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的8．explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→explosionn．爆炸；(感情)爆发；激增9．mudn．泥；泥浆→muddyadj.泥泞的1．comply/kəm'plaI/vi.遵守；服从complywith遵从；服从2．abundance/ə'bʌndəns/n．大量；丰盛；充裕3．commute/kə'mjuːt/vi.通勤；长途上下班n．每天上班的路程4．pledge/pledʒ/vt.保证给予；正式承诺；发誓n．誓约；捐款承诺5．controversy/'kɒntrəvɜːsi；kən'trɒvəsi/n．争论；争议6．flawless/'flɔːləs/adj.完美的；无瑕的7．whilst/waIlst/conj.当……时；在……的过程中；尽管8．prestigious/pre'stIdʒəs/adj.有威望的；声誉高的9．collaborate/kə'læbəreIt/vi.合作；协作collaboratewith与……合作10．buzz/bʌz/n．喧闹；嘈杂声；嗡嗡声vi.发出嗡嗡声；充满兴奋；闹哄哄Ⅳ.背核心短语1．testout检验；测试2．morelike更像是；更接近3．ona．..basis根据；以……的方式(基准)4．prosandcons事物的利与弊；支持与反对5．superiorto比……更好；更胜一筹6．takeover占上风；取而代之；接管；接手7．conflictwith与……冲突或抵触8．turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是9．fallaway(逐渐)减少；消失10．haveanurgeto有强烈的欲望做某事Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Onthesecondmorning，Tonybroughtherbreakfastandthenaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing.(whether引导的宾语从句)第二天早晨，托尼给她端来了早餐，还问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。2．Sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday，andthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.(morethan...不仅仅……)她听到他说他次日不想离开她，而且他感觉他不仅仅是想取悦她。3．ItfeltlikeIwasbeingdrivenfastonawindingroad.(feellike...感觉像……)这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。4．SolongasItravelledatmaximumspeed，itdidn’tmatter.(solongas引导条件状语从句)只要我全速行进就不会有问题。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)1．bonusn．意外收获；奖金；红利2．ridiculousadj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的3．suspendvt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓4．fictionn．小说；虚构的事5．absurdadj.荒谬的；荒唐的6．rumourn．谣言；传闻7．alienn．外星人(生物)；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的8．gripvt.&vi.紧握；抓紧Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)1．superioradj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的2．dignityn．庄重；庄严；尊严3．salaryn．薪水；薪金4．integrityn．诚实正直；完整；完好5．stunvt.使震惊；使昏迷6．weeklyadj.每周的n．周刊7．dismissvt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除8．labourn．劳动(者)；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作9．pacen．速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏10．fetchvt.(去)拿来；(去)请来Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)1．appointmentn．预约；约会；委任→appointvt.任命；委派；指定；约定2．guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guiltn．内疚；罪行；罪过3．declarevt.表明；宣称；公布→declarationn．宣称；声明4．blurredadj.模糊不清的；难以区分的→blurv．(使)变得模糊不清；(使)视线模糊5．urgen．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．abundancen．大量；丰盛；充裕2．controversyn．争论；争议3．prestigiousadj.有威望的；声誉高的4．collaboratewith与……合作5．buzzn．喧闹；嘈杂声；嗡嗡声vi.发出嗡嗡声；充满兴奋；闹哄哄Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2.5分，共15分)1．morelike更像是；更接近2．ona．..basis根据；以……的方式(基准)3．prosandcons事物的利与弊；支持与反对4．superiorto比……更好；更胜一筹5．haveanurgeto有强烈的欲望做某事6．turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共12分)1．Theexplosionwascausedbyaleakinggaspipe，whichmadethebossexplodewithanger.(explode)2．Thereissomuchmudonthemuddyroadthatyouhavetowalkonitwithcaution.(mud)3．HedeclaredthathewouldputhumansonMarsinlessthanadecade，buthisdeclarationprovedunrealistic.(declare)4．Youcanuseacalculatortocalculatetheaveragemarkoftheclassandthenyourcalculation(s)canbeaccurate.(calculate)5．Beforethediscussion，theboysandthegirlshavebeendividedandthedivisionisusefulfortheirstudy.(divide)6．TomhasbeenappointedaschairmanoftheStudents’AssociationandIwillwritealettertocongratulatehimonhisappointment.(appoint)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(testout，takeover，conflictwith，turnout，fallaway)1．Conflictingwithourpeersisacommonphenomenon，andhowtosolvetheconflictisextremelyimportant.2．Lastyearhesucceededintakingoverthesoftwarecompanyatareasonableprice.3．Beingadeterminedandresponsibleman，neverwillhefallawayevenintimeofdanger.4．ThegeneralmanageropenedasinglestoreinEuropewiththepurposeoftestingoutthemarket.5．Thisbookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共20分)1．我担心我是否能够按时完成这项任务。(whether引导的宾语从句)IamconcernedaboutwhetherIcanfinishthetaskpunctually.2．我非常荣幸担任你校6月15日即将举行的英语演讲比赛的评委。(morethan)IammorethanhonoredtoactasajudgeatyourEnglishSpeechCompetitiontobeheldinyourschoolonJune15.3．我感觉我正漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。(feellike...)IfeellikeIamfloatingintheoceanofsadness.4．只要你努力学习，我坚信你能赶上其他同学。(solongas)Solongasyouworkhard，Iholdastrongbeliefthatyoucancatchupwithotherstudents.Myniece，Jane,1.laboured(labour)tothemaximumfor10yearsinashoppingmallandfinallyshetookupan2.appointment(appoint)asthechairwoman.She3.wasrespected(respect)byallthesalesmenandsaleswomenbecauseshewasfullofintegrityanddignity.Sheexactlycalculatedthestaff’ssalariesandrewardedthebestoneswithabonus.Mostofthestaffweremodest，whereasonesalesman,4.named(name)Jack，declaredthathecouldsellanythingbyabsurdoverstatements，suchassciencefiction，ladders，flour，leathers，leversofvariouspanels，handkerchiefs，nails，lampsandevenmud.Inhisview，hewassuperior5.toeveryoneelse，sohehadanurge6.totake(take)overthepositionofsalesmanager.However，itturnedoutthatheoftenconflictedwithothers.ThencamearumourthatallthestaffwouldresignifJackwasn’tdismissed,7.whichgreatlystunnedJaneandevenmadeherexplodewithanger.Janethoughtinactionwasimproper，sosheurgedJacktoweighprosandcons.Otherwise，hisjobwouldbesuspended.Jackfinallyrealizedhismistakeandfeltso8.guilty(guilt)abouthisridiculousbehaviorthattearsblurredhiseyes.Hepromisedtoapologizetoallthestaffatameetingon9.aweeklybasistoremovethedivisionbetweenhimandhiscolleaguesandpromisedthathewouldnotbearrogantandwouldsharemodestlywhathegrippedfromworkwithhis10.colleagues(colleague).提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的(guiltn．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行)·beguiltyof犯有……罪be/feelguiltyfor/at/about...对/为……感到内疚/有愧·asenseofguilt愧疚感(1)Ifeltguiltyfor/at/aboutmyconflictwithmydearfriendandImustapologizetohim.(2)让我震惊的是这个谦逊的销售员曾经犯过罪并坐过牢。Whatstunnedmewasthatthemodestsalesmanwasonceguiltyofacrimeandputintoprison.(3)意识到自己对女孩造成的严重伤害，他感到深深的愧疚感。Realizingthesevereharmhehaddonetothegirl，hewasoverwhelmedbyadeepsenseofguilt.declarevt.表明；宣布；公布(declarationn．公告；宣布；表白)declaresb/sthtobe/as宣布……为……declarefor/against宣称支持/反对……declarewaron/against...对……宣战declare...open/closed宣布……开始/结束(1)Thechairwomanproposeddismissingtheorganization，butthemajoritydeclaredagainstherproposal.(2)1939年，这个国家向邻国宣战，这导致了另一场世界大战的爆发。In1939，thiscountrydeclaredwaron/againstitsneighboringcountry，whichledtotheoutbreakofanotherworldwar.(3)一年一度的慕尼黑啤酒节在宣布开幕的那一刻，在场的人们爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼声。ThemomenttheannualOktoberfestwasdeclaredopen，peoplepresentburstintothunderouscheers.urgen．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐(urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的urgencyn．紧急；急迫)·have/feelanurgetodosth有强烈的欲望做某事·urgesbtodosth催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth极力主张/强调……做某事Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth极力主张/强调……做某事(1)Iamreallysorrytohaveyouwaitingforsolong，butIreallyhadsomethingurgent(urge)todealwith.(2)任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的口语俱乐部。(2022·天津3月，书面表达)Anyonewhohas/feelsanurgetospeakfluentEnglishcanregisterforourSpokenEnglishClub.(3)为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们不合适的行为并且做出改变。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)Toprotectoceansbetter，wemusturgemorepeopletoreflectontheirownimproperbehaviorandmakechanges/wemusturgethatmorepeople(should)reflectontheirownimproperbehaviorandmakechanges/itisurgedthatmorepeople(should)reflectontheirownimproperbehaviorandmakechanges.

takeover占上风；取而代之；接管；接手takeoff起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功takeon呈现；雇用；承担takein包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留takeup占去；占据；开始从事takesthforgranted认为……是理所当然的(1)用take相关短语的正确形式填空Aftertakingoverthefirmfromhisfather，Tomtookinsomemoreadvancedideasandtookonsomeexperiencedandhard-workingworkers，whichsuggestedthathisfirmwouldtakeoffsoon.Certainly，managingthefirmtookupalmostallhistime.However，Tomheldthestrongbeliefthathisfirmwouldtakeonanewlookinthenearfuture.(2)你并不高人一等。所以，你认为别人的帮助和支持是理所当然的，这是不对的。Youaresuperiortonobody.Soitiswrongofyoutotakeothers’helpandsupportforgranted.turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是turndown拒绝；关小；调低turnin上交turnover翻身；移交turnto求助于；转向turnup出现；调高我的同事因病不得不把他的项目交给我。虽然我对这个项目没有把握，但我不能拒绝他。他承诺，无论何时我遇到无法解决的问题时都可以向他寻求指导。在我们的共同努力下，我按时提交了这个项目，结果非常成功。得知这个消息的那一刻，我带着鲜花来到医院，与同事分享了喜悦，同事对我表示祝贺和赞赏。Mycolleaguehadtoturnoverhisprojecttomebecauseofhisillness.Thoughunsureabouttheproject，Icouldn’tturnhimdown.HepromisedthatIcouldturntohimforguidancewheneverIcameacrossproblemsthatIcouldn’tsolve.Withourjointeffort，Iturnedintheprojectpunctually，whichturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.ThemomentIlearnedthenews，Iturnedupinthehospitalwithsomeflowers，sharingthejoywithmycolleague，whoshowedcongratulationsandappreciationtome.morethan...Sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday，andthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.她听到他说他次日不想离开她，而且他感觉他不仅仅是想取悦她。·morethan＋数词，表示“超过；不止”，相当于over。morethan＋名词，意为“不只是；不仅仅是……”，相当于notonly。morethan＋形容词/副词，意为“非常，很”，相当于very。·moreAthanB与其说B不如说A(1)写出下列句子中morethan的汉语意思①Sheboughtmorethantenhandkerchiefsandtwopairsofleathershoesatatime，whichmadehermotherexplodewithanger.多于；超过②Iammorethangladtohelpyouanalyzetheprosandconsofthechoiceyouhavemade.非常③Thechairwomanismorethanourleader；sheisalsoourfriend.不仅仅是④Havingperformedperfectlyinthestore，thesaleswomanismorehard-workingthanclever.与其说……不如说……(2)Iwouldbemorethandelighted(我会非常高兴)ifyoucouldcomeandjoinmybirthdaypartyat7p．m.nextFridayatmyhome.Therewillbemorethantenfriends(将会有十几个朋友)presentattheparty.Thepartyismorethanforfun(派对不仅仅是为了好玩)；itisalsoformutualcommunication.Sopleaseacceptmysincereinvitation.(应用文写作之邀请信)提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．dismisseq\x(A.vt.消除B.vt.解散；让某人离开C.vt.解雇)(1)Theclasswasdismissedearlytoday.B(2)Hewasdismissedfromhisjobforinactionandincompetence.C(3)Igentlypattedhimontheshouldertodismisshisfearsfromhismind.A2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Shewasdeclaredaschairwomanofthecompany’ssalesdivision.部门(2)Hissonliedtohimbydesignandheexplodedwithanger.(感情的)爆发(3)Shestoodupandbegantopaceupanddown.走来走去(4)Shecalculatedthatgoingtoastranger’shousewasariskymove，butshedecidedtotakethechance.(2019·天津)猜测(5)Sittingonabranch，heinchedtowardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.(2023·浙江1月)缓慢移动(6)Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere’sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist.(2022·浙江1月)好处；意外收获Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Tomygreatsorrow，mygirlfrienddidn’tturnupattheappointed(appoint)time.2．MymindwentblankandIfeltguilty(guilt)aboutnotansweringthequestioncorrectly.3．Thechairwomanhasdeclaredthat100workerswillbedismissed(dismiss)beforethedeadline—June10.4．TheyreciteTangpoemsonaregularbasisandthus，theyaregoodatChinese.5．Amongthecrisisthathumansarefacingis(be)thelackofnaturalresources.6．Thereasonfortheexplosion(explode)isnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits，butthatpeoplehavestoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.7．Ofthetwoformats，Ithinkthisoneissuperiortotheotherone.8．Theboyshowsnosympathyforotherstudentsandoftenconflictswiththem.9．Asasciencestudent，Ineverfeltanurgetoappreciate(appreciate)anyliteraryworks.10．Accordingtomostcalculations(calculate)，racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800caloriesperhour，whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking.(2020·全国Ⅰ)《流浪地球》TheWanderingEarth改编自雨果奖HugoAward获奖作家刘慈欣的同名小说，是由郭帆FrantGwo导演，吴京JasonWu主演的一部科幻电影。该电影自上映以来就收到大量好评。请介绍并评论这部电影。内容包括：1.简要介绍该影片；2.观看感受；3.推荐观看。完成句子1．我非常高兴地向大家介绍一部优秀的科幻电影《流浪地球》，这部电影由郭帆执导，吴京主演。(morethan＋adj.；定语从句)2．根据刘慈欣的同名小说改编，这部电影一上映就大获成功。(分词作状语；turnout)3．以下是这部电影的细节，其中一些可能超出了你的想象。(here位于句首的全部倒装句；“代词＋介词＋which”引导定语从句)4．这些场景是如此壮观和激动人心，以至于你会觉得自己就像亲身经历过一样。(so...that...引导倒装句；feellike)5．我强烈建议大家去看，只要你看了，你一定会喜欢这部完全不同的科幻史诗。(solongas)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文IammorethangladtointroduceanexcellentsciencefictionfilmnamedTheWanderingEarth，whichisdirectedbyFrantGwoandstarringJasonWu.BasedonthenovelofthesamenamebyLiuCixin，thefilmturnedouttobeagreatsuccessthemomentitwasreleased.Herearethedetailsofthemovie，someofwhichmaybebeyondyourwildimagination.Facedwiththesolarcrisis，theChinesegovernmentandscientistsshouldertheresponsibilityofprotectingtheEarth，makingjointeffortstokeephumancivilizationalive.Sograndandexcitingarethescenesthatyouwillfeellikegoingthroughtheminperson.TheWanderingEarthisdefinitelyamoviethatwillkeepyouontheedgeofyourseat.Istronglyrecommendeveryonetoseeitandsolongasyouseeit，youwilldefinitelyenjoythiswhollydifferentsciencefictionepic.教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]guiltyadj.→guiltn．；superiorto；urge；haveanurgetodo；explode；stunv．→stunnedadj.[动作描写]dismiss；declare；presume；calculate；takeover；conflictwith；fetch；fallaway美句1.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoice，althoughhisfacialexpressionneverchanged.(人物描写)2.Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot，butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.(情感描写)3.Althoughitwascompletelyinnocent，Clairefeltguilty.(情感描写)4.Shescreamed，pushedhimaway，andrantoherroom.(动作描写)5.Itwasatteno’clocktodaythatthefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.(拟人)6.Idrewabreath，grippedtheleverandpusheditforwards.(动作描写)7.Nightcameasifalampwasbeingturnedout.(比喻)拓展语料积累情感细节描写：后悔、同情单词regretv．&n．后悔→regretfuladj.后悔的；遗憾的；sympathyn．同情→sympatheticadj.同情的；compassionn．同情；怜悯；pityn．同情；怜悯v．同情→pitifuladj.可怜的；令人同情或怜悯的；mercyn．宽恕；怜悯→mercifuladj.仁慈的，宽恕的→mercifullyadv.(不幸中)幸运地；宽大地；仁慈地词块regretdoingsth后悔做某事；utteracryofregret发出后悔的呼喊；takepityonsb/havemercyonsb怜悯某人；feelpity/mercyfor对……感到同情；expresssympathy表示慰问；outofsympathy/pity出于同情；asurgeofmercysweepsoversb怜悯之情席卷某人；awaveofsympathywellsupinone’sheart心中涌起了一股同情之情句型1.Istoodthere，withregretfultearsinmyeyes.我站在那里，眼里噙着悔恨的泪水。2.IfIhadfollowedTomandhadn’tquarreledwithhim，Iwouldn’thavegotlost.(虚拟语气)如果我跟在汤姆后面，没有和他吵架，我就不会迷路了。3.Hispainfuleyesseemtobegmeformysympathy，makingmefeelasurgeofmercywellingupinmyheart.他那双痛苦的眼睛似乎在乞求我的同情，让我感到怜悯之情涌上心头。4.Seeingherconditions，Iimmediatelyfeltahugesympathyforher，whichwascomingfromdeepwithinmyheart.看到她的境况，我立刻对她产生了巨大的同情，这种同情来自我的内心深处。5.Atthesightofthescene，hefeltawaveofsympathywellingupinhisheart.看到这一幕，他心中涌起了一股同情之情。6.Franklinstoodsilently，tornbysorrowandcompassion，weighingwhattosay.(过去分词短语作状语)富兰克林默默地站着，悲伤和同情让他心碎，考虑着该说些什么。语料运用科幻小说风波Again，mysonwasaddictedtoreadingthatsciencefictionatmidnight，①whichmademeexplodewithextremeanger(定语从句)．Irushedtohisbedside，②turnedoffthelampandshoutedathimviolently，orderinghimtostophissillybehaviorandfocusonhisstudy.③Sostunnedwashethat(倒装结构)hestoodrootedtothespot，④withtearsblurringhiseyes(with的复合结构)．Seeinghiswateryeyes，I⑤feltalittlesurgeofsympathy，butdidn’tregretatall.Thenextmorningbeforegoingtowork，Ifoundanoterestingonthekitchentable，saying“Dad，⑥Iamsorrytomakeyouannoyedlastnight，buttofinishreadingthesciencefictionisoneofmyschooltasks.”Atthenote，Icouldn’thelp⑦utteringapainfulcryofregret.HowsillyIwas！⑧IfonlyIhadlistenedtohisexplanationandhadn’tshoutedathimyesterday(虚拟语气)．Istoodthere，⑨withregretfultearsinmyeyes，anddeterminedtoapologizetohimimmediatelyhecamebackfromschool.我的儿子又一次沉迷于午夜阅读那本科幻小说，这让我勃然大怒。我冲到他的床边，关了灯，对他大声喊叫，命令他停止愚蠢的行为，专心学习。他目瞪口呆，一动不动地站在那里，泪水模糊了他的眼睛。看到他水汪汪的眼睛，我感到一丝同情，但一点也不后悔。第二天早上上班前，我发现厨房桌子上放着一张纸条，上面写着：“爸爸，很抱歉昨晚让你生气了，但阅读完这本科幻小说是我学校的任务之一。”看到这张纸条，我忍不住发出痛苦的悔恨之声。我多么傻啊！要是我昨天听了他的解释，没有对他大喊大叫就好了。我站在那里，眼里噙着悔恨的泪水，决定他一从学校回来就立即向他道歉。高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A★It’stheyear2140andtwokidsridetheirsurfboardsintheheartofManhattan，nearthepointwhereSixthAvenuemeetsBroadway.Ifyouarefamiliarwiththisjunction，youwillknowitisfarfromtheUS’scurrentcoastline.ButinKimStanleyRobinson’snovelNewYork2140，Manhattanisfloodedaftercontinuousclimatechangecausesthesealeveltoriseby15.25m.Robinson’s2017climatefictionnovelbelongstoanewkindofnovel，whichtells“thestoryofthenextcentury”．Itmightbehelpingreadersacrosstheworldcomprehendthesituationinwhichwecurrentlyfindourselves.Climatechangeisanindescribablecrisistomakesenseof.Dropsomepoisonouschemicalsinarivernowandyouwillseedeadfishwithindays，butwhatdoyouwitnesswhenyourelease(释放)carbondioxide(CO2)?“Thisiswherefictioncomesin：itbringstheabstractdataclosertohomebyfocusingonthefacesandstoriesinthesefutures.Showreadersadetailedaccountofaclimate-changedfuture，andtheyhaveaneasiertimeimaginingit，”saysRobinson.“Sciencefictiongetspeoplethinkinginawaythatanotherreportonclimatechangedoesn’t，”saysShelleyStreeby，aprofessorofLiteratureandEthnicStudiesatUCSanDiego.“Ithelpspeoplefeelnotonlyaboutwhatmightbecoming，butalsoaboutthepresent.Itisabouttakingcertainconditionsthatexistnowadays，extendingthemintothefutureandthrowingabunchofcharactersintotheirmidst.”Inthesearchtoadoptclimatechangeasatopic，writersaredoingwhattheydobest：tryingtotellagoodstory.Sometimestheywritewithatouchofoptimismastheynegotiatethecurrentcrisis.Butevenwiththisoptimism，thesewriterswanttomakesuretheworldknowsthey，atleast，arepayingattention.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章通过罗宾逊的小说《纽约2140》中的故事情节，介绍了气候小说这一新的小说类型。这一类小说以更加生动的角度向人们展示未来气候变化所带来的问题，帮助人们理解气候变化。1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Togivebackgroundonastory.B．TopromotethenovelNewYork2140.C．Toleadtothetopicofclimatefiction.D．Toshowtheinfluenceofclimatechange.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第一段“It’stheyear2140andtwokidsridetheirsurfboardsintheheartofManhattan，nearthepointwhereSixthAvenuemeetsBroadway...”可知，本段简要介绍了罗宾逊的小说《纽约2140》的故事情节，再结合第二段首句“Robinson’s2017climatefictionnovelbelongstoanewkindofnovel，whichtells‘thestoryofthenextcentury’．”及下文对气候小说的描述可推知，作者主要借助《纽约2140》的故事情节引出气候小说这一话题。故选C。2．Howdoestheauthorshowtheclimatechangecrisisis“indescribable”？A．Byinferring. B．Bycomparing.C．Byanalyzing. D．Byimagining.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Dropsomepoisonouschemicalsinarivernowandyouwillseedeadfishwithindays，butwhatdoyouwitnesswhenyourelease(释放)carbondioxide(CO2)？”可知，为了说明气候变化带来的危机是难以描述的，作者对比了释放有毒化学物质和释放二氧化碳的情况，前者的后果可见，而后者的后果不可见。故选B。3．What’sStreeby’sattitudetowardsciencefiction?A．Approving. B．Cautious.C．Negative. D．Doubtful.答案A解析观点态度题。根据第四段中ShelleyStreeby的话“Sciencefictiongetspeoplethinkinginawaythatanotherreportonclimatechangedoesn’t”和“Ithelpspeoplefeelnotonlyaboutwhatmightbecoming，butalsoaboutthepresent.”可知，Streeby认为科幻小说让人们以另一种方式思考气候变化，让人们感知未来和当下。由此推知，Streeby对科幻小说持赞成态度。故选A。4．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ClimateCrisis：NoLongeraForecastB．TheFutureWorld：MorePromisingC．NewYork2140：ANewTypeofNovelD．ClimateFiction：AReminderofClimateChange答案D解析标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了气候小说以更加生动的角度向人们展示未来气候变化所带来的问题，从而帮助人们更好地理解气候变化引发的后果，引导人们更加关注当前的环境。故选D。BHaveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace，likebehindacouchoracupboard?Wouldn’titbenicetojustbeabletosqueezeinandout?Newinnovationsinthefieldofroboticswillsoonbeabletomakethisniceideaintoareality.InastudypublishedonJan25inthesciencejournalMatter，engineersfromTheChineseUniversityofHongKongandCarnegieMellonUniversityintheUShavedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforthfromliquidtosolidstates.AccordingtothewebsiteMashable，thescientistswereinspiredbyseacucumbers.Theyareabletochangethestiffness(僵硬度)oftheirbodyorreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromgallium(镓)，asoftmetalwithalowmeltingpointof30℃.Thescientiststhenusedchangesinthemagneticfieldtocontrolthemagneticparticlesinsidethegalliummaterialtoprovideheat.Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.AsthewebsiteTechXplorepointedout，othersimilarmaterialsrequireexternalheatsourcessuchasheatgunsandelectricalcurrentstoinduceachangeofstates;butnow，therobotscanuseaheatsourceinsideitselftochangestatesindependently.Duringtherobots’experimentaltrials，thescientistsconductedanumberoftests.Thesetestsincludedhavingtherobotsmeltintoliquidandre-formtoescapeaprison-likecage.Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.Therobotisalsoabletobuildandrepairhard-to-reachcircuits.Therobots’abilitytoswitchbetweenstatesofmatterallowsforanumberofpossibleusesandadvancementsindifferentfields，suchasthebiomedicalandcircuitassembly(组装)industries.Still，inthewordsofseniorauthorCarmelMajidiatCarnegieMellonUniversity，fornowthesearealljust“proofsofconcept”whichshowtheabilitiesofthesenewkindsofrobots.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师开发出了能够快速从液态到固态来回切换的小型机器人。5．Whycantherobotsswitchbetweensolidandliquid?A．Becausetheyconsistofauniquemetalandmagneticparticles.B．Becausetheycanreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.C．Becausetheyareabletochangethestiffnessoftheirbody.D．Becausetheyhaveexternalheatsourcesanytimeanywhere.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句可知，这种机器人能够在固态和液态之间变化是因为它们由独特的金属和磁性粒子组成，故选A。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“induce”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Witness. B．Remove.C．Cause. D．Accept.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据第三段末句“Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.”以及第四段画线词的上文“heatgunsandelectricalcurrents”(热风枪和电流)和下文“changeofstates”(物态变化)可知，上文“热风枪和电流”是导致下文“物态变化”发生的原因，可推理出画线词应为“引起；导致”含义，故选C。7．Whatwillbethefunctionoftherobot?A．Tohelpscientistsinspireseacucumbers.B．Toputacouchintoahard-to-reachspace.C．Togetridofforeignobjectsfromanorgan.D．Toassistpeopleinescapingaprison-likecage.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段的“Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.”可知，这种机器人在将来可能会具有的功能是清除器官中的异物，故选C。8．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Ahealthreport.B．Asciencefictionnovel.C．Achemistrytextbook.D．Ascientificmagazine.答案D解析文章出处题。根据第一段末句“Newinnovationsinthefieldofroboticswillsoonbeabletomakethisniceideaintoareality.”和第二段“InastudypublishedonJan25inthesciencejournalMatter，engineersfrom...havedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforthfromliquidtosolidstates.”可知，这是一篇讲述最新科技发明的说明文，最有可能出现在科学杂志中，故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空DanMancinaisaprofessionalskateboarderknownforbeingvisuallyimpairedandsharingclipsofhisskatingonInstagram.Hehasalargefollowingoffans，all1toseehisskillfultricks.Andvideosofhimusinghiswalkingstickasheboardsinspirecuriosityand2fromfansaroundtheworld.TheMichigannativestartedskatingat7，andtookitmore3at13，developingaloveforthesportwhichhesayshelpshimexpresshimself.Araregeneticeyediseasebeganto4hisvisionat15，andafterayearandahalf，hecompletelylosthis5.Hestoppedskatingforacoupleofyears.Thiswasthe6pointofhislife.7lettinghisblindnessdominatewhathecouldorwoulddo，hegradually8todoingwhatheloved—spendingtimeoutdoors.Oneday，hewantedtoseeifhecouldstillskate，sohe9avideoofatrick，whicheventuallygot10onsocialmediaandreceivedgreatfeedback.Thatinspiredhimtotryabitmore，andslowlyhegotbackintoskateboarding.Inordertohelpmakeskateboardingmore11topeoplewithvisionimpairments，Danhasstartedafundraising12tobuildtheworld’sfirstadaptiveskatepark.Hehas13around$40,000forthepark.Hehopestobe14skateworkshopsforvisuallyimpairedkidsbynextspringorsummer.“I’mhonoredIcanbea(n)15forourcommunity.Neverletothersdefineyouandwhatyouarecapableof，”hesaid.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国密歇根州的一名失明滑板运动员正在挑战我们对视障人士的认知——他不仅在滑板运动上取得了成功，而且还在努力影响他人。1．A.eager B．nervousC．cautious D．hesitant答案A解析根据“Hehasalargefollowingoffans...”可知，粉丝都渴望看到他的绝技。故选A。2．A.gratitude B．admirationC．reflection D．approval答案B解析根据“Andvideosofhimusinghiswalkingstickasheboardsinspirecuriosity...”可知，丹·曼西纳在滑板上使用手杖的视频激发了粉丝的崇拜。故选B。3．A.exactly B．severelyC．honestly D．seriously答案D解析根据“TheMichigannativestartedskatingat7...”可知，丹·曼西纳13岁时更认真地对待滑板这项运动。故选D。4．A.earn B．checkC．affect D．promote答案C解析根据“Araregeneticeyedisease”可