法国宗教行业市场前景及投资研究报告-外文版培训课件

POLITICS

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SOCIETYReligioninFranceCHAPTER

01OverviewPercentageofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrancein2023,byageShareofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrance2023,byage60%50%50%40%30%20%10%0%47%46%38%36%18-24yearsold25-34yearsold35-49yearsold50-64yearsold65yearsoldandolder4Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedinApril2023inFrance,theyoungergenerationwasmorelikelytobeanon-believerwhenoldergenerationshadmorefaithinGod.Indeed,only36percentofthe18-24yearsoldFrenchrespondentsaffirmedtheybelievedinGod,whenincomparison,50percentofthe65andolderagegroupdeclaredthemselvesasbelievers.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;April4to5,2023;1,006respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):IFOP;Varioussources(Ajir)PercentageofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrancein2023,bylevelofeducationShareofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrance2023,byeducationlevel50%47%46%46%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%42%41%0%NodiplomaCAP/BEP*Baccalaureatedegree**Secondyearuniversitylevel***Higherdiploma5Description:ThisgraphshowstheresultsofasurveyonthepercentageofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrancein2023,byeducationlevel.Itappearsthat41percentofrespondentswhohadaBac+2yearsdiplomastatedthattheydidbelieveinGod'sexistence,comparedto42percentofrespondentswhohadanhigherdiploma.ReadmoreNote(s):France;April,4to5,2023;1,006respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):IFOP;Varioussources(Ajir)PercentageofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrancein2023,byoccupationShareofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrance2023,byoccupation60%52%51%50%50%40%30%20%10%0%47%39%38%Craftsmen/Merchant,

Liberalprofession,seniorshopkeeper

managerEmployeeWorkerRetireeOtherinactive6Description:ThisgraphshowstheresultsofasurveyonthepercentageofpeoplebelievinginGodinFrancein2023,byoccupation.Itdisplaysthat38percentofrespondingworkersdeclaredthattheydidbelieveinGod.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;April4to5,2023;1,006respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):IFOP;Varioussources(Ajir)DistributionofindividualsinFrancein2023,accordingtotheirrelationshiptoreligionLevelofreligiosityamongFrenchpeople2023Donotknow1%Believerinoneofthemonotheisticreligions(Christianity,Judaism,Islam)37%Nonbeliever45%Believerinotherreligionsorphilosophies(Buddhism,Hinduism...)4%BelieverinreligionsnotrecognizedinFranceAgnostic11%(Scientology,Jehovah’s7Description:ThisstatisticshowsthedistributionofindividualsinFrancein2023,accordingtotheirrelationshiptoreligion.Itappearsthat37percentofrespondentsdeclaredthemselvesasbelieversinoneofthemonotheisticreligions,while45percentstatedtheywerenon-believers.ReadmoreNote(s):France;October4to5,2023;1,013respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):OpinionWayWhatreligiondoyoufeelboundto?SenseofbelongingtoareligioninFrance2022Otherreligion3%Islam3%Judaism1%Donotwanttoanswer1%Christianism50%Noreligion42%8Description:ThisstatisticshowsthefeelingofbelongingtoaspecificreligionamongpeopleinFranceinasurveyfrom2022.ItdisplaysthathalfofrespondentsstatedthattheyfeltlinkedtoChristianism,whenaround40percentofthemdeclaredtheyfeltboundtonoreligion..ReadmoreNote(s):France;September20to21,2022;1,005respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):OdoxaCHAPTER

02CatholicismFrequencywithwhichChristiansgotochurchortempleinFrancein2023ChurchortempleattendancefrequencyamongChristiansinFrance2023Catholics27%Protestants30%25%20%15%10%5%28%25%23%19%19%19%17%12%11%0%WeeklyAtleastonceamonthEspeciallywhengatheringfora

EspeciallyformajorreligiousNeverspecialeventholidays(Christmas,Easter,Pentecost...)10Description:Accordingtoasurveyconductedin2023,only12percentofCatholicsinFrancewenttochurchortempleweekly.Ontheotherhand,oneProtestantoutoffourwenttochurchortempleweekly.Catholicstendedtogomoreoftenbutmostlywhengatheringforaspecialeventorformajorreligiousholidays,likeChristmas.ReadmoreNote(s):France;April19to26,2023;863respondents;18yearsandolder;Catholics,484;Protestants,379Source(s):IFOPTotalnumberofCatholicbaptismsinFrancebetween2008and2021NumberofCatholicbaptismsinFrance2008-2021350,000300,000250,000200,000150,000100,00050,000334,664316,302302,941297,967290,282278,240271,064262,314249,921231,165215,551204,304146,276112,1232020200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202111Description:ThisdiagramshowsthetotalnumberofbaptismsinFrancebetween2008and2021.ItdisplaysthatthetotalnumberofbaptismsinFrancedecreasedduringthisperiod,reaching112,123baptismsin2020,mostlyduetotheCOVIDcrisis,butcomparedtomorethan334,000in2008.ReadmoreNote(s):France;2008to2021Source(s):ÉglisecatholiqueenFrance;Sourcesdiverses(ConférencedesévêquesdeFrance)TotalnumberofCatholicmarriagesinFrancebetween2008and2021NumberofCatholicmarriagesinFrance2008-202195,00088,56485,00075,00065,00055,00045,00035,00025,00015,00077,66474,63671,14670,36962,15158,89955,85454,50250,65748,71844,95128,702202123,484202020082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201912Description:ThisbarchartshowsthetotalnumberofCatholicmarriagesinFrancebetween2008and2021.Itappearsthatin2020,duringtheCOVID-19globalpandemic,therewerearound23,000catholicmarriagescelebrated,therewerealmost45,000oneyearearlier.ThenumberofCatholicmarriageshasgenerallydecreasedinFrancesince2008.ReadmoreNote(s):France;2008to2020Source(s):ÉglisecatholiqueenFrance;Sourcesdiverses(ConférencedesévêquesdeFrance)IsFranceacountryofCatholiccultureandtradition?FrenchopiniononFrance'sCatholiccultureandtradition202490%84%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%15%No1%YesDonotknow13Description:Accordingtoasurveyconductedin2024,alargemajorityoftheFrenchrespondentsbelievedFrancewasacountryofCatholiccultureandtradition.Indeed,therewere84percentofthosesurveyedwhothoughtthatway.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;February22,2024;1,011respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):CNews;CSAResearch;Europe1PublicopiniononvariousreformsrelatedtotheCatholicChurchinFrancein2021OpiniononthereformsintheCatholicChurchinFrance2021ShareofrespondentsNoanswer

No

Yes0%

10%

20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%2%Conveneacouncil,i.e.gatherallthebishopsoftheCatholicChurchinorderto"update"theChurch9%89%88%1%RemovetheobligationofcelibacyforpriestsRemovethesecrecyofconfessionincasesofchildabuseAllowtheordinationofwomen11%1%13%86%2%13%85%1%RelaxingtheChurch'srulesonsexuality(suchastheprohibitionofsexoutsideofmarriage,masturbation,homosexualrelations...)15%84%2%SharepowerbetweenclergyandCatholics21%77%14Description:ThisgraphpresentsFrenchpublicopiniononvariousreformsoftheCatholicChurchinasurveyfrom2021.NearlynineoutoftenoftheFrenchpeoplesurveyedwereinfavorofholdingaCouncil,thatis,ameetingofallthebishopsoftheCatholicChurchto"update"theChurch.ReadmoreNote(s):France;October27-28,2021;1,005respondents;18yearsandolder;including492Catholicsand123churchgoers,46ofwhomareregularchurchgoers(attendingmassatleastonceamonth)Source(s):Odoxa;TémoignageChrétienCHAPTER

03JudaismEvolutionoftheJewishpopulationinFrancebetween1939and2024JewishpopulationsizeinFrance1939-2024600,000530,000550,000500,000450,000400,000350,000300,000250,000200,000150,000100,000449,000442,000320,000180,0001945193919702020202416Description:DuringtheHolocaust,approximatelysixmillionJewswerekilled.InFrance,theJewishpopulationhaddecreasedby140,000individualsbetween1939and1945.ItthenincreasedbetweentheendofWorldWarIIandthe1970s,reaching530,000individualsin1970.However,accordingtothesource,thenumberofJewsinFrancehasdeclinedbymorethan15percentbetweenthatperiodand2020,andisnowestimatedtobe442,000.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;1939to2024Source(s):InstituteforJewishPolicyResearchNumberofJewswhoimmigratedtoIsraelfromFrancebetween2010and2019NumberofnewimmigrantstoIsraelfromFrance2010-201960,00050,00040,00030,00020,00051,44518,57414,49410,4067,98110,00002000to20042005to20092010to20142015to2019Total17Description:ThenumberofJewsinFrancehaddeclinedbymorethan15percentbetween1970and2020,accordingtothesource,andisnowestimatedtobejustunder450,000.OneofthefactorsofthisdecreaseistheimmigrationofFrenchJewstoIsrael.Between2010and2019alone,morethan50thousandsJewsleftFrancetoreachIsrael.Thiswaveofmigrationalsoseemstobeintensifying:18,574FrenchJewsmovedtoIsraelbetween2015and2019,comparedtolessthan8,000between2000[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):France;200to2019Source(s):InstituteforJewishPolicyResearchLevelofoptimismofFrenchpeopleofJewishcultureorfaithabouttheirfutureinFrancein2021OptimismleveloftheFrenchofJewishcultureorconfessionasfortheirfuture2021Noanswer1%Veryoptimistic8%Verypessimistic10%Ratheroptimistic40%Ratherpessimistic41%18Description:In2021,onlyhalfofpeopleofJewishfaithorculturelivinginFrancewereoptimisticregardingtheirfuture.Morethanathirdofrespondentsfeltsomewhatpessimistic,whiletenpercentreportedbeingverypessimistic.Furthermore,itseemsinterestingtonotethatalmosthalfofFrenchJewshadalreadyconsideredleavingFranceinthecourseoftheirlives.ReadmoreNote(s):France;December2021;521respondents;18yearsandolder;FrenchpeopledeclaringthemselvestobeofoftheJewishfaithorhavingatleastoneparentoftheJewishfaithorcultureSource(s):AmericanJewishCommittee(AJCParis);Fondapol;IFOPHaveyoueverconsideredleavingFrance?ShareofFrenchJewshavingalreadythoughtofleavingFrance2021,byreason60%50%40%30%20%53%13%13%12%8%10%0%1%Yes,mainlybecauseyou

Yes,mainlyforeconomic

Yes,mainlybecauseyouYes,becauseyouareattractedelsewhereforculturalorreligiousreasonsNoNoanswerhavefearsaboutthefutureofpeopleofJewishcultureorfaithinFrancereasonshavefearsaboutthefutureofFrance19Description:In2021,almosthalf(46percent)ofpeopleofJewishfaithorculturehadalreadyconsideredleavingFrance.ThemostfrequentlymentionedreasonwasconcernaboutthefutureofJewsinFrance(13percent).Thesecondmostcommonreasonwasafearaboutthefutureofthecountry(13percent).EightpercentofJewshadalsoconsideredleavingFranceforeconomicreasons,and12percentbecausetheywereattractedtoothercountriesforreligiousorculturalreasons.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;December2021;521respondents;18yearsandolder;FrenchpeopledeclaringthemselvestobeofoftheJewishfaithorhavingatleastoneparentoftheJewishfaithorcultureSource(s):AmericanJewishCommittee(AJCParis);Fondapol;IFOPInyouropinion,iseachofthefollowingphenomenawidespreadornotinFrance'suniversities?DiscriminationsinFrenchuniversitiesaccordingtoJewishstudentsinFrance2023ShareofrespondentsAllstudents30%

40%Jewishstudents50%0%10%20%60%70%80%90%100%28%Rejection,hatredofIsraelAnti-SemitismRacism91%28%77%56%67%63%Sexism59%56%54%Homophobia20Description:Accordingtoasurveyconductedin2023inFrance,91percentofJewishstudentsbelievedtherejectionorhatredofIsraelwaswidespreadinFrenchuniversities,incomparison,only28percentofallstudentsbelievedthesame.However,Jewishstudentsandnon-JewishstudentswereprettymuchalignedonbelievingthathomophobiawaswidespreadinFrenchuniversities,indeed,therewerearound55percentofstudentsbothJewishandnon-Jewishthinkingthatway.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;June1toSeptember5,2023;1,039respondents;18yearsandolder;Jewishstudents,237;Allstudents,802Source(s):IFOP;UniondesétudiantsjuifsdeFranceCHAPTER

04IslamPercentageofMuslimpeoplewhogotothemosqueonFridayinFrancefrom1989to2019ShareofFrenchMuslimsgoingtothemosqueonFriday1989-201940%35%30%25%20%38%25%23%20%16%16%15%10%5%0%19891994200120072011201922/statistics/1055568/muslims-mosque-place-of-worship-friday-franceThisbarchartpresentsthechangeinthepercentageofMuslimpeopleinFrancewhousuallygotothemosqueonFridayfrom1989to2019.Itappearsthatin2019,38percentofrespondingFrenchMuslimsstatedgoingtothemosqueonFridays.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;August26toSeptember9,2019;1,012respondents;15yearsandolder;PopulationofMuslimreligionorofMuslimdescentSource(s):FondationJean-Jaurès;IFOP;LePointPercentageofMuslimpeoplewhogotothemosqueonFridayinFrancein2019,bysocio-professionalcategoryRateofmosqueattendancebyFrenchMuslims2019,bysocio-professionalcategoryYesNo120%100%80%54%55%60%71%69%73%27%60%40%20%0%45%45%40%29%30%Craftsmen,traders,businessleadersExecutivesandhigherintellectualprofessionsEmployeesWorkersIntermediateprofessionsInactive23Description:ThisbarchartpresentsthechangeinthepercentageofMuslimpeopleinFrancewhousuallygotothemosqueonFridayin2019,bysocio-professionalgroup.Itappearsthatin2019,27percentofrespondingFrenchMuslimsoccupyingapositionasanexecutiveoranyotherhigherintellectualprofessionalpositionstatedgoingtothemosqueonFridays.ReadmoreNote(s):France;August26toSeptember9,2019;1,012respondents;15yearsandolder;PopulationofMuslimreligionorofMuslimdescentSource(s):FondationJean-Jaurès;IFOP;LePointPercentageofMuslimswhofastedduringlastRamadaninFrancein2019,byagegroupShareofFrenchMuslimswhofastedduringlastRamadan2019,byagegroup15-17yearsold18-24yearsold25-34yearsold35-49yearsold50yearsorolder90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%83%70%64%64%53%38%26%19%19%17%11%16%13%9%7%FastedthroughoutRamadanFastedforafewdaysduringRamadanDidn’tfastedduringRamadan24Description:ThisbarchartpresentstheshareofFrenchMuslimswhofastedornotduringlastRamadan,in2019byagegroup.Itappearsthatin2019,38percentofrespondentsaged50yearsandolderdeclaredthattheydidnotfastduringlastRamadan.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;August26toSeptember9,2019;1,012respondents;15yearsandolder;PopulationofMuslimreligionorofMuslimdescentSource(s):FondationJean-Jaurès;IFOP;LePointPercentageofMuslimwomenwearingthehijabinFrancein2008-2009and2019-2020,bymigrationstatusandregionoforiginMuslimwomenwearingthehijabFrance2020,bymigrationstatusandregionoforigin2008-20092019-202050%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%46%39%37%28%24%23%18%17%16%12%12%11%0%ImmigrantsfromNorthAfricaDescendantsofimmigrantsfromNorthAfricaImmigrantsfromsub-SaharanAfricaDescendantsofimmigrantsfromsub-SaharanAfricaImmigrantsfromTurkeyandMiddle-EastDescendantsofimmigrantsfromTurkeyandMiddle-East25Description:ThisstatisticrepresentstheproportionofFrenchMuslimwomenwearingaheadscarfin2008-2009andin2019-2020.Accordingtothesource,in2020,37percentofMuslimwomenwhowereimmigrantsfromNorthAfricabutlivinginFrance,woreaheadscarf.ReadmoreNote(s):France;2008to2009;2019to2020;18-49years;MetropolitanFrance;womenwhodeclaredbeingMuslimSource(s):InseeProportionofMuslimswhobuyhalalmeatproductsinFrancein2020,byfrequencyShareofMuslimsbuyinghalalmeatinFrance2020,byfrequencyNever7%Rarely4%Fromtimetotime7%Mostofthetime15%Allthetime67%26Description:ThisgraphshowsthedistributionofFrenchMuslimsbuyinghalalmeatin2020,byfrequency.ItappearsthatthemajorityofFrenchMuslims(67percent)systematicallyboughthalalmeat.ReadmoreNote(s):France;August6-17,2020;515respondents;15yearsandolder;PopulationofMuslimreligionorofMuslimdescentSource(s):IFOP;L'ExpressCHAPTER

05SecularismDoyouthinkthatsecularismisindangertodayinFrance?PublicopiniononsecularismbeingindangerinFrancein2023Shareofrespondents0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%Yes,totallyYes,probablyNotreally26%41%23%Notatall10%28Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedinFrancein2023,67percentoftheFrenchrespondentsbelievedsecularismwasindanger.Ontheoppositehand,only10percentofthosesurveyedthoughtsecularismwasnotindangeratallinFrance.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;May30to31,2023;1,020respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):IFOPPublicopinionontheroleoftheprincipleofsecularisminFrancein2023,byagegroupPublicopinionontheroleoftheprincipleofsecularisminFrance202318-2425-3435-4950-6465andover45%42%39%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%31%28%28%24%24%23%22%21%21%20%19%19%19%

19%16%16%15%12%11%10%10%8%3%0%SeparatingreligionandpoliticsEnsuringfreedomofconscienceEqualtreatmentforallreligionsReducingtheinfluenceofreligioninoursocietyNoneoftheabove29Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedinFrancein2023,42percentoftherespondentsaged65andoverbelievedsecularismpurposewastoseparatereligionandpolitics.Ontheotherhand,peoplefromthisagegroupwereonlytenpercentthinkingsecularismwasmeanttoensureequaltreatmentforallreligions.ReadmoreNote(s):France;May30to31,2023;1,020respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):IFOPShouldzerotolerancebeappliedfromtheveryfirstinfringementofsecularismatschool(automaticallypunishing,withoutdelay,peoplewhobreaktherulesofsecularism)?Frenchopiniononrespectingtherulesofsecularisminschools2024No24%Yes76%30Description:TheprincipleofsecularismstandsasoneofFrance'smostimportantones.Frenchpeoplearespecificallyattachedtothisprinciplewhenitcomestoschools.Indeedaccordingtoasurveyconductedin2024,76percentofFrenchrespondentsbelievedthatzerotoleranceshouldbeappliedfromtheveryfirstinfringementofsecularismatschool,meaningautomaticallypunishing,withoutdelay,peoplewhobreaktherulesofsecularism.ReadmoreNote(s):France;1,011respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):CNews;CSAResearch;Europe1;LeJDDAreyouinfavorofthelawprohibitingstudentsfromwearingconspicuousreligioussymbolsatschool?Frenchopiniononprohibitingstudentsfromwearingreligioussymbolsatschool2024Totallyopposed6%Donotknow1%Ratheropposed11%Totallyfavorable54%Ratherfavorable28%31Description:InMarch2004,theFrenchgovernmentapprovedalawprohibitingstudentsfromwearingconspicuousreligioussymbolsatschool.Twentyyearslater,accordingtoasurveyconductedinMarch2024,alargemajorityoftheFrenchpopulationisstillinfavorofthislaw.Indeed,around82percentofthosesurveyeddeclaredthemselvestobesomehowinfavorofit.ReadmoreNote(s):France;March12to13,2024;1,005respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):LeFigaro;OdoxaShareofteacherswhohavealreadyobservedprotestsagainstteachingorteachingcontentinthenameofreligiousconvictionsinFrancein2022,byteachingcontentFrenchteachershavingobservedteachingobjectionsduetoprivateconvictions202235%30%25%20%15%10%5%33%33%33%32%32%30%30%29%20%19%14%0%Whentalking

Duringsex

Whentalking

Duringoral

Duringhistory

Duringsport

RegardingtheDuringscienceclassesDuringartorDuringDuringaboutgender

educationdiversity

classesaboutandciviceducationclassesandclasseslegitimacyoftheteachertoteachcertainquestionsmusical

philosophy

technologicalsecularismgeographyclasseseducationclassesclassesteachingorprofessionalworkshops32Description:In2022,one-thirdofFrenchteachershadalreadyexperiencedchallengesinteachingorteachingcontentaboutgenderdiversityinthenameofreligiousbeliefsinmiddleschools.ReadmoreNote(s):France;October,25toNovember,7,2022;1,009respondents;PrimaryandsecondaryteachersinmetropolitanFranceSource(s):IFOPCHAPTER

06WorshipfundingShareofpeoplesupportingtheprincipleofpublicfinancingofreligiousservicesinFrancein2021,byagegroupFrenchsupportfortheprincipleofpublicfundingofreligiousservices2021,byageTotalpopulation66%Alsace-Mosellepopulation70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%62%60%53%51%49%46%33%27%21%18-24yearsold25-34yearsold35-49yearsold50-64yearsold65yearsoldandover34Description:In2021,morethanhalf(53percent)ofyoungFrenchpeoplebetweentheagesof18and24weresupportiveofthegeneralprincipleofpublicfundingofreligiousservices,comparedtoaboutone-quarter(27percent)ofthoseovertheageof65.SupportforthisprinciplewassubstantiallyhigheramongresidentsoftheAlsace-Moselleregion,wheretheconcordatregime,inforcebetween1802and1905inFrance,isstillineffect.ReadmoreNote(s):France;March30toApril1,2021;1,810respondents;18yearsandolder;Including801personsbelongingtotheAlsace-MosellepopulationSource(s):GrandOrientdeFrance;IFOPShareofpeoplesupportingtheprincipleofpublicfinancingofreligiousservicesinFrancein2021,bypoliticalaffiliationFrenchsupportforpublicfundingofworships2021,bypoliticalproximityTotalpopulationAlsace-Mosellepopulation80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%67%62%59%57%56%50%40%37%32%30%25%18%FranceInsoumiseEuropeEcologie-LesVertsPartiSocialistandleft-

LaRépubliqueenMarcheLesRépublicainsRassemblementNationalwing35Description:In2021,40percentofFrenchpeopleaffiliatedtotheFranceInsoumisepartyweresupportiveofthegeneralprincipleofpublicfundingofreligiousservices,comparedto18percentofthosesupportingLesRépublicains.SupportforthisprinciplewassubstantiallyhigheramongresidentsoftheAlsace-Moselleregion,wheretheconcordatregime,inforcebetween1802and1905inFrance,isstillineffect.ReadmoreNote(s):France;March30toApril1,2021;1,810respondents;18yearsandolder;Including801personsbelongingtotheAlsace-MosellepopulationSource(s):GrandOrientdeFrance;IFOPShareofpeoplesupportingtheprincipleofpublicfinancingofreligiousservicesinFrancein2021,byreligiousaffiliationFrenchsupportforpublicfundingofreligiousservices2021,byreligionTotalpopulationAlsace-Mosellepopulation70%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%67%62%60%52%40%37%20%CatholicsProtestantsMuslimsWithoutreligiousaffiliation36Description:In2021,70percentofFrenchpeopleoftheMuslimfaithweresupportiveofthegeneralprincipleofpublicfundingofreligiousservices,comparedto20percentofthosewithoutreligiousaffiliation.SupportforthisprinciplewassubstantiallyhigheramongresidentsoftheAlsace-Moselleregion(exceptforMuslims),wheretheconcordatregime,inforcebetween1802and1905inFrance,isstillineffect.ReadmoreNote(s):France;March30toApril1,2021;1,810respondents;18yearsandolder;Including801personsbelongingtotheAlsace-MosellepopulationSource(s):GrandOrientdeFrance;IFOPShareofpeoplesupportingincreasedfinancialandaccountingtransparencyofMuslimplacesofworshipinFrancein2021,bypoliticalproximityFrenchsupportformorefinancialtransparencyofMuslimworshipsites2021,byparty120%96%100%80%60%40%20%0%95%94%90%80%77%67%FranceInsoumise

EuropeEcologie-LesVertsPartiSocialisteLaRépubliqueenLesRépublicainsRassemblementNationalWithoutpoliticalaffiliationMarche37Description:In2021,thepeopleinFrancewhomostapprovedoftheanti-separationbill'smeasuretoincreasefinancialandaccountingtransparencyforMuslimplacesofworshipwereaffiliatedwithEmmanuelMacron'sparty(96percent),LesRépublicains(95percent),andRassemblementNational(94percent).TwothirdsoftheFrenchaffiliatedwiththeFranceInsoumisepartyagreedwiththismeasure(67percent).ReadmoreNote(s):France;February3-4,2021;1,026respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):CNews;IFOP;SudRadioShareofpeopleinfavorofrepealingtheconcordatinAlsace-MoselleinFrancein2021,bypoliticalaffiliationFrenchpeopleinfavorofrepealingtheconcordatinAlsace-Moselle2021,bypartyTotalpopulationAlsace-Mosellepopulation82%100%89%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%84%84%73%66%64%57%51%46%44%43%FranceInsoumiseEuropeEcologie-LesVertsPartiSocialistandleft-

LaRépubliqueenMarcheLesRépublicainsRassemblementNationalwing38Description:ThetotalcostoftheconcordatsysteminAlsace-Mosellerepresentsasumofapproximately74millioneurosperyearfortheState,whichispaidforbyallFrenchtaxpayers.In2021,morethantwothirdsoftheFrenchpopulationwasinfavorofrepealingtheconcordat.ThisopinionwassharedbyalmostnineoutoftenpeopleaffiliatedwiththeEuropeEcologie-LesVertsparty.However,thisrepealwaslessenthusiasticamongtheinhabitantsoftheAlsace-Moselleregion.

ReadmoreNote(s):France;March30toApril1,2021;1,810respondents;18yearsandolder;Including801personsbelongingtotheAlsace-MosellepopulationSource(s):GrandOrientdeFrance;IFOPCHAPTER

07Anti-religiousattacksDistributionofanti-religiousincidentsthatoccurredinFrancein2021,byreligionBreakdownofanti-religiousincidentsinFrance2021,byreligionAnti-Muslimincidents12.84%Anti-Semiticincidents35.0%Anti-Christianincidents51.66%40Description:In2021,morethanhalfoftheanti-religiousactsidentifiedbytheMin