江苏省明德某中学2021-2022学年高考英语四模试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷

考生须知：

1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色

字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)

1.Tomakeabreakthroughinhisscientificresearch,thescientisthasbeenmakinga(n)amountofeffort.

A.modestB.miserable

C.optionalD.tremendous

2.ItwasconsiderateyounottoplaythepianowhileIwasasleep.

A.ofB.forC.toD.from

3.travellingexpensesrisingalot,wehadtochangeallourplansforthetour.

A.AsB.ByC.SinceD.With

4._thewomanwiththebabycomeover?Wehaveaseathere.

—Thankyou,sir.ActuallyIdohavemyseathere.Butmybabylikestolookoutofthewindow.

A.WouldB.Shall

C.MustD.May

5.——LefsgotothecinemathisSundaymorning.

—rdloveto,butIasavolunteerinmycommunitythen.

A.willworkB.haveworked

C.willbeworkingD.wasworking

6.Thesediagramsareespeciallyhelpfulwhenwehaveaconcreteproblemathand.

A.besolvedB.tosolveC.solvedD.beingsolved

7.TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisnecessaryforlearningEnglish,soyou*dbetterbuy__・

A.thisB.thatC.itD.one

8.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,frombutterfliestoelephants.

A.torangeB.range

C.rangingD.ranged

9.一Alice,whyaren'tyouatworktoday?

—Iadayoff.

A.havegivenB.havebeengivenC.gaveD.wasgiven

10.ManygasesintheatmosphereactuallyheatenergythatescapesfromtheEarth'ssurfacebacktothe

earth.

A.finding;reflectingB.found;reflected

C.found;toreflectD.found;reflect

11.Thefamousplayertriedagainandagainaftereachfailure.That'shesucceededatlast.

A.whatB.when

C.whetherD.why

12.（2015•北京）theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.

A.CatchingB.Caught

C.TocatchD.Catch

13.Wehavenoideawhatairwewillbebreathinginthefutureifweanythingtostophazyweather.

A.hadn9tdoneB.didn'tdo

C.haven,tdoneD.don'tdo

14.Whatthecountrydidtheinternationaltraderegulations,forwhichitwaswidelycondemned.

A.approvedB.violatedC.botheredD.interrupted

15.Menmustconsidereating,drinking,clothingandfindingsheltertheycanpursueentertainmentand

recreation.

A.untilB.unless

C.beforeD.because

16.IthinkTomwillmakeagoodmonitor,I'dliketovoteforhim.

A.butB.for

C.orD.so

17.Afterlookingatmanynewcars,IfoundwhichIwouldacceptjustassuitable.

A.itB.thisC.thatD.one

18.Idon'tthinkshevisitedtheexhibitionthismorning,shewaswithmeatthattime.

A.thoughB.orC.butD.for

19.I*veheardthatpreparationsforthecomingfestival.Let'sgivethemahand.

A.arebeingmadeB.havebeenmade

C.aremakingD.havemade

20.youhearfrommetothecontrary,expectmeonFridayatabout6pm.

A.UnlessB.Until

C.WhileD.Although

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Asself-drivingcarscomeclosertobeingcommononAmericanroads9muchoftherhetoric（浮夸

之词）promotingthemhastodowithsafety.About40,000peopledieonUSroadseveryyear,anddrivererrorsare

linkedtomorethan20percentofcrashes.Butmanyofthebiggestsupportersofautonomous（自动的）vehiclesaren't

carcompanieslookingtoimprovethesafetyoftheirexistingproducts.Hugesupportforself-drivingtechnologiesis

comingfromSiliconValleygreatcompanieslikeGoogleandApple.

Thoseofuswhohavestudiedtherelationshipbetweentechnologyandsocietytendtolookmorecarefullyatthe

reasonsbehindanytechnologicalpush.Inthiscase,it'sclearthatinadditiontosolvingsafetyconcerns,SiliconValley

firmshaveastrongincentive（动机）tocreateanewplaceforincreasingtheuseoftheirdigitaldevices.Everyminute

peoplespendontheirmobilephonesprovidesdata-andoftenmoney—totechcompanies.

Atpresent,digitaldevicesanddrivingareinconflict:Thereareserious,oftenfatalconsequenceswhendriversuse

smartphonestotalkortotext.Regulators（管理者）andsafetysupporterslooktosolvedialconflictbybanningphone

usewhiledriving,ashashappenedinalmosteverystate.Butthetechcompaniesaretakingadifferentapproach.The

obviousanswerforSiliconValleyistocreateanautomobileinwhichcontinuouscellphoneusenolongercausesathreat

toanyone.

Inrecentyears,theamountoftimeadultsspendontheirmobiledeviceshasgrownrapidly.Atthemoment,it's

aroundfourhoursadayfortheaverageadultintheUS.However,thatrapidgrowthislikelytoslowdownaspeople

runoutoftimethafsavailableforthemuptousetheirdevices,unless,ofcourse,there*sanewblockoftimethat

suddenlyopensup.TheaverageAmericannowspendsabout41minutesinacareveryday,asizeableopportunityfor

increasedcellphoneuse.

Soasthepublicconversationaroundautonomouscarspaysattentiontothesafetyadvantages,don*tforgetthetech

industry'spowerfuldesireformoreprofits,whichgoeswellbeyondsimplysavingusfromourselves.

1、WhoareresponsibleformosttrafficaccidentsinAmerica?

A.Carcompanies.B.Drivers.

C.Techcompanies.D.Self-drivingcars.

2、WhatpushesSiliconValleytopromoteself-drivingtechnologies?

A.Tomakemoremoney.

B.Toreducetrafficaccidents.

C.Tolimittheuseofdigitaldevices.

D.Tosupportcarcompanies.

3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase^anewblockoftimeMpossiblyreferto?

A.Theworkingtime.

B.People'ssparetime.

C.Thetimespentinthecar.

D.Thetimespentonmobiledevices.

4、Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

Weshouldteachpeopletostrictlyobeytrafficrules.

B.Thewritercallsonustolookatautonomouscarswisely.

C.Carcompaniesaretheleadingpromotersofself-drivingcars.

D.Nosolutiontotheconflictbetweenmobilephoneuseanddrivinghasbeenfoundyet.

22.（8分）Humansandgorillassharedevolutionfor23millionyears.Theirpathsseparatedonlysixmillion

yearsago.Researchonhowgorillascommunicatecanhelpusunderstandhumanlanguagedevelopment.

Understandinghowthebrainworkshelpsusseeaconnectionbetweenlanguagedevelopmentandnon-verbalsigns.

Thesesignsormovementsincludethingslikethewaywemoveourhandsorbodiesorthedifferentexpressionsourfaces

haveindifferentsocialsituations.Anewstudyongorillasshowedthattherightsideofthebodyiscontrolledbytheleft

partofthebrainanditisalsothelocationforlanguagedevelopment.

Twocameraswereusedtofilmallofoneape'smovements.Oneofthefirstresultswasthatgorillasusetheirright

handsmorewhentheyaredoingactionswiththeirheadsormouthsatthesametime.Thisshowsthatthereisa

connectionbetweenhowourbrainworksandthereasonweuseonesideofourbodymorethantheother.Inaddition,

wecanusetheresultsofthestudyandourknowledgeaboutbrainstohelpusunderstandmoreabouthowlanguage

firstdevelopedinhumans.

DrForrester,whodidthestudy,saystheresultscanbeusefulinotherways,suchasunderstandinglanguage

developmentinchildren.Forexample,somechildrenhaveseriousillnesscalled“autism“whichcanstopthem

communicatingnormallywithpeople.Itmightbepossibletousethesamestudymethodtofindoutwhichchildrenhave

thisillnesswhentheyareveryyoung.Doctorswillthenbeabletostarttreatmentearly.

1、Whichofthefollowingmayhaveaconnectionwithright-handedness?

A.Communication.B.Intelligence.

C.Socialposition.D.Socialsuccess.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?

A.Therightsideofthebody.B.Themouth.

C.Theleftpartofthebrain.D.Thefrontpartofthehead.

3、Whomightbenefitmostfromtheresultsofthestudy?

A.Photographersofgorillas.B.Zookeepers.

C.Researchersonmovement.D.Childrenwithillness.

4、Wecaninferfromthetextthatgorillas_____

A.prefertousetherighthandinsteadofthelefthand

B.haveacomplexformofnon-verbalcommunicration

C.helpusbetterdevelopourlanguageabilities

D.sharethesamebodylanguagewithhumans

23.（8分）TheancientcityofChichenItzainsouthernMexicowasoneofthemostpowerfulcitiesandoneofthe

mostpowerfulancientcultures—theMaya.Buttoday,noonelivesthere.Itisonlyagroupofoldbuildings.However,

peoplefromaroundtheworldstillcometoseeit.Peoplecometolearnaboutitsancientculture,thecultureofthe

Mayanpeople.

TheMayanculturebeganalmost3,000yearsagoandgrewinpartsofCentralAmerica.Butabout1,000yearsago

agroupcalledtheItzainvadedthecityandbuiltnewpartsofthecitybasedonnaturalwells.Theynamedthecity

ChichenItza,whichmeans“mouthofthewelloftheItza”.

ThemostinterestingstructureinChichenItzaisthePyramidofKukulcan（库库尔坎金字塔），whosefoursidesall

cometogetheratonepointatthetop.EachsideonthePyramidofKukulcanhas91steps.Andthereisonemorestepat

thetopofthepyramid.ThestepsareasmanyasthedaysofayeanSomeexpertsbelievetheMayacouldhaveusedthis

buildingtohelpthemknowwhentoplantcrops.Eachdaythesunfallsonadifferentstepofthepyramid,whichcould

beawaytofollowtheyear.

ThepeopleofChichenItzaespeciallydesignedonebuildingtoobserveandstudythemovementofthestarsand

planets.Expertssaythattheobservatory（天文台）isoneofthemostcomplexstructurestheMayabuilt.Asetofsteps

wentupandaroundtheobservatorytower.Andtherewerewindowsinthetower.Eachwindowhadapurpose.Experts

believethatapersonlookingthroughoneofthesewindowscouldseeparticularstarsonparticulardates.TheMaya

mighthavebelievedthatstudyingthestarscouldtellthemthefuture.

ChichenItzaisnowaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteandanimportantpartoftheworld'shistory.

1、VisitorscametothecityofChichenItzato.

A.viewitsbeautifulscenery

B.experienceandexploretheMayanculture

C.studyandobserveotherstarsontheobservatory

D.learnsomethingaboutwhentoplantcrops

2、Whydidtheinvadersnamethecity"mouthofthewelloftheItza”?

A.Becausewellscanbeseeninoraroundthecity.

B.Becauseitislargeinsize.

C.Becausethecityisnewly-built.

D.Becauseitslocationisvital.

3、Whichofthefollowingistrue?

ChichenItzaisoneoftheWorldHeritages.

B.ThePyramidofKukulcanhas364steps.

C.Windowsinthetowerpredicttheweatherinthefuture.

D.ThecityofChichenItzahasalonghistoryof3,000years.

4、What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.ToevaluatetheMayanculture.

B.Topersuadereaderstopayavisit.

C.TointroducetheancientcityofChichenItza.

D.TopresentthedevelopmentoftheMayanconstruction.

24.（8分）Youarechattingwithfriendsonthephone,butyoucan'thelpbrowsingashoppingwebsiteinthe

meantime.You'reeatinglunchaloneinthecanteen,butitonlyfeelsrightwhenyoustartplayingashowonyour

phone—asififsanecessarysidedish.

Wenowliveinaworldthatbombardsuswithinformation.Itseemsunnaturaltodoonlyonethingatatime.Ifsas

ifwe'reallsufferingfromwhatarecentQdailyarticlecalled^multitaskingOCD"（多任务强迫症）.

“Withnewsreducedto140charactersandcommunicationincreasinglymadebyemojis（表情符号），wehave

developedtheabilitytofocusourattentiononseveralactivitiesanddevicesatthesametime."SabyOtmani,founderof

thewebsitePulpix,oncewrote,“Weneedlotsofstimuli（刺激元素）tokeepusinterestedandtofightoffboredom.”

Butperhaps“fightingoffboredom^^isnottheonlyreason.Myownobsessionwithmultitaskingmainlycomesfrom

thefactthateveryonearoundmeseemstobeconstantlystudying.Eachminutewithoutnewinformationfeelslikea

wasteoftime.SoIalwayshavemyheadphoneson,whetherI'mcommuting,exercisingorwalkinginthepark.I'm

foreverlisteningtosomething—acourseonclassicalmusic,oronnewmediamanagement,andheavenknowswhat

else-justsoIcankeepupwiththeworld.

Peoplewhocan'tstayawayfromsocialmediaareknownasFOMO（fearofmissingout）.Theyhavetobe

constantlyupdatedaboutwhattheirfriendsaredoingandsaying.Butrdguessthat“FOFO”betterdescribes

me—“fearoffallingout”.Nomatterwhatyourreason,multitaskingisapartofmodernlife.Doyourbesttomakethe

mostoutofit.

1、Withtheexamplesinthefirstparagraph,theauthorintendsto.

A.explainwhat^multitaskingOCD"islikeB.showhowbusytoday'slifeis

C.showthatpeopletodayoftenfeellostD.showpeopleliketobefashionable

2、Whydopeoplelikemultitasking,accordingtoOtmani?

A.Theylackthepatiencetofinishonethingatatime.

B.Itcanhelpthemtocommunicatetheirideas.

C.Theyaremoreablethanthepastgeneration.

D.Itcanpreventthemfrombeingbored.

3、Theunderlinedword“obsession“isclosestinmeaningto"

A.interestB.knowledgeC.understandingD.worry

4、Whyisthewritercrazyaboutmultitasking?She.

A.wantstostayaheadofherfriendsB.wantstohavesomethingtoshowoff

C.doesn'twanttogetleftbehindbyothersD.thinksitisboringtodoonethingatatime

25.（10分）TheTrueStoryofaYoungMan

WhenReginaldLindsayreceivedascholarshiptoMorehouseCollegeinAtlanta,Georgiain1923,whathewanted

mostwasnotajobwithagoodsalary,butachancetobeamemberofCongressasasouthernrepresentative.After

earninghisdegreeatHarvardLawSchoolin1930,hereturnedtotheSouthtopracticelawamongthepoor.wantto

helpthemunderstandwhattheirrightsareandtohelpthemachievethem,“hesaid.Thenheranforpoliticalofficeat

thelocalandstateleveluntilhewasreadytotryforCongress.

Reggrewupinalow-incomeNegrosectionofBirmingham,Alabama.Broughtupbyhisgrandparentsafterhis

parentsweredivorcedwhilehewasveryyoung,Reghadbeenlivingthroughaperiodoffar-reachingprogressinrace

relations.Inthesummerof1928ReghimselfbecameagoodexampleofthisprogresswhenhebecamethefirstNegro

studentappointedtoaspecialnewprogram.Theprogramintroducedbrightyoungstudentstotheworkingsofthe

GeorgiaStategovernmentandencouragedthemtoseekemploymentthereafterfinishingtheireducation.vebeen

lucky/5hesaid."Iseemtohavebeenintherightplaceattherighttime.”

ButluckwasonlypartofReg"sstory,forhemadethemostofopportunitiesthatcamehisway.Helearnedtoread

inkindergartenandbeganvisitingthepubliclibraryregularlytoborrowbooks.Hisgrandparentsencouragedhim,

thoughneitherofthemhadmucheducation,andtheyboughthimasetofencyclopedias.lovedthosebooks,“he

remembered."Iusedtocomedownstairsbeforebreakfastandreadshortarticles.Ienjoyedreadingaboutfamousmen,

andthenIwouldpretendtobeoneofthem.Iguessitwaspartlyachildishgameandpartlyanescape.Itwasn”ttoo

muchfuntobeaNegrowhenIwasakid.”Whilestudyingforhisbachelor1*sdegreeatMorehouseCollege,Regworked

onseveralpoliticalcampaignshelpingcandidatesgetelectedtogovernmentoffices.Atthesametimehemaintaineda

“B"averagewhilemajoringinpoliticalscience.

WithjusttwomoreyearstocompleteatHarvardLawSchool,whichalsogavehimascholarship,Regmadeagood

startonhisprofessionalcareer.Hesaid,“ThegoodlifeformeisthekindoflifewhereIcanfindsatisfactioninpublic

service.99Thenin1931hewastheMassachusettsstatecommissionerofpublicutilitiesandfrom1993to2009hewas

judgeoftheUnitedStatesDistrictCourtfortheDistrictofMassachusetts.

AfterearninghisdegreefromHarvardLawSchool,Reginaldplannedto.

A.returntohishometowntofindajobwithagoodsalary

B.gobacktotheSouthtohelpthepoorunderstandtheirrights

C.runforlocalofficetomakeprogressonthecivilrightsmovement

D.tryforCongressbyencouragingthepoortojoinaneducationprogram

2、InwhatwaydidReginald"sgrandparentsencouragehimtoread?

A.Theysenthimtokindergarten.

B・Theyledhimtopubliclibrary.

C.Theyboughthimencyclopedias.

D.Theyborrowedmanybooksforhim.

3、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeReginald?

A.Enthusiasticandcareful.B.Cooperativeandmodest.

C.Ambitiousandhardworking.D.Courageousandgenerous.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）GrowingRoots

WhenIwasgrowingup,IhadanoldneighbournamedDrGibbs.Hedidn9tlooklikeanydoctorI'd]

known.WhenDrGibbswasn't2lives,hewasplantingtrees.

Thegooddoctorhadsome3theoriesonplantingtrees.Hebelievedin“Nopains,nogains."Henever4

hisnewtrees,whichwas5manypeople.OnceIaskedwhy.He6thatwateringplantsspoiledthem,and

thatifyouwaterthem,eachfollowingtreegenerationwill7weakerandweaker.Soyouhavetomakethings____

8forthem.Hetalkedabouthowwateringtreescould9shallowroots,andhowtreesthatweren'twatered

hadtogrowdeeprootsin10ofwater.Icametounderstandthathemeantdeeprootsweretobe11.1

plantedacoupleoftreesandItookgoodcareofthem.Twoyearsof12hasresultedintreesthatexpecttobe

waitedonhandandfoot.Wheneveracoldwindblows,they13andtrembletheirbranches.Funnythingsabout

thosetreesofDrGibbs'.Thelackofwaterseemedto14theminwayscomfortandeasenevercould.

Iusedto15formysonsthattheirliveswillbeeasy.But16I'vebeenthinkingthatifstimeto___

17myprayer.Iknowmychildrenaregoingtomeet18,andI'mprayingtheywillbestrong.Theprayerfor

comfortisseldommet.Whatweneedtodoistoprayfordeeproots,19whenthewindsblow,wewon'tbe20

away.

1、A.evenB.everC.neverD.hardly

2、A.valuingB.makingC.enjoyingD.saving

3、A.excitingB.dullC.interestingD.terrible

4、A.wateredB.raisedC.lovedD.sheltered

5、A.againstB.beyondC.withinD.from

6、A.wonderedB.answeredC.doubtedD.guessed

7、A.growB.changeC.appearD.show

8、A.harmfulB.favourableC.toughD.wonderful

9、A.leadtoB.resultfromC.putinD.carefor

10、A.chargeB.favourC.honourD.search

11、A.treasuredB.challengedC.respectedD.liked

12、A.educationB.informationC.preparationD.devotion

13、A.danceB.shakeC.spreadD.lift

14>A.harmB.raiseC.benefitD.hurt

15、A.prayB.applyC.standD.call

16>A.perfectlyB.formallyC.obviouslyD.lately

17、A.attendB.sayC.changeD.keep

18、A.hardshipsB.worriesC.bossesD.jobs

19>A.orB.soC.andD.but

20、A.givenB.sentC.brokenD.swept

第二节(每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.(15分)Whenhewasalittleboy,ChristopherCockerelloncenoticedhismotherturningthewheelofhersewing

machinewithherhand.“Won'titworkquicklyifamachinel.(turn)thewheelforyou?”heasked.supposeitwill.”

saidhismother,withoutpayinganyattentiontohim.Christopherknewshealwayshadalotofworkandthatshe

was2,stubbornthathecouldhardlydoanythingtochange3.mind.Buthewantedtohelp.Inhisbedroomtherewasa

toysteamengine4.(buy)byhisfatherasagifttohim.“IwillmakebetteruseoflittleChristophersaidtohimself.So,

whenhismotherwasnotusinghersewingmachine,hedecidedtofixthetoysteamengineontoit.Whenhe

finishedSj_(do)it,hewasquitepleased,thinkinghismotherwouldlikeit."Veryclever/5hismothersaidwhenshesawit.

Butthenshesatdownandwentonturningthewhee16.hand,UI7.(work)likethisfortoomanyyears/9sheexplained.

Christopherfeltvery8.(disappoint).Hecouldn'tunderstandhismother's%(behave).

ThisteachesChristopheralesson,10.madehimdepressedforseveraldays.Itisthatanyonewhotriestoimprove

anythinghastolearn:manypeopledon'tlikenewideas.

第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)

28.(10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错

误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Inrecentyearsgreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinmyhometown>Tenyearsbefore,thesmallandlowhousesthat

lieonthenorthofthelakeproduced