上海市长宁区2025届高三英语上学期质量调研试题含解析

PAGEPAGE31上海市长宁区2025届高三英语上学期质量调研试题（含解析）（满分140分，考试时间120分）Ⅰ.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakersAtendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.$10.B.$17.C.$100.D.$70.2.A.Atadepartmentstore.B.Atanairport.C.Atahospital.D.Atahotel.3.A.Patientanddoctor.B.Coachandathlete.C.Studentandteacher.D.Bossandsecretary.4.A.Lookingatamap.B.Goingonadiet.C.Attendingaparty.D.TalkingtoMary.5.A.Goforanouting.B.Buysomeclothes.C.Goswimming.D.Forecasttheweather.6.A.Shefullyagreeswiththeman.B.Sheisuncertainabouttheweather.C.Shedisagreeswiththeman.D.Shethinksthemanisalwayslate.7.A.DrBrianisalwaysbusyonMondays.B.AwaitervisitedDrBrianlastMonday.C.PatientscanusuallyseeDr.Brianasscheduled.D.Dr.Brianforgottoputthemanontheschedule.8.A.Shespeakshighlyoftheman’sdecision.B.Sheiscrazyaboutskydivinginthecountryside.C.SheadvisesthemantogoonholidaywithMarc.D.Shesuggeststhatthemanreconsiderhisplan.9.A.Tomsurvivedtheaccidentunbelievably.B.Thepolicehelpedhimcomeoutofthecar.C.Thewallwasknockeddowncompletely.D.Tom’scarwasstillingoodcondition.10.A.It’sconvenienttoshopinsupermarkets.B.Conveniencestoresarenotreallyconvenient.C.Certainitemssellwellinconveniencestores.D.Customerspaymoreinconveniencestores.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadnice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Thebalancebetweenschoolworkandexercise.B.Thelinkbetweenahealthybodyandahealthymind.C.Thechangeofthetimetableinpublicschools.D.Thestrongscientificevidenceofstayinghealthy.12.A.Byallowingstudentstodophysicalexercise.B.Byaskingstudentstodoproblem-solvingtasks.C.BydoingexperimentsonAmericanstudents.D.Bypersuadingteacherstoimprovestudents’grades.13.A.Studentshadmorechancestodoexercise.B.Physicaleducationcoursesbecamepopular.C.Studentsdidbetterintheirschoolwork.D.Runningfor40minutesadaywasrequired.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Sisters.B.Classmates.C.Relatives.D.Penfriends.15A.Theclubencourageditsmemberstomakefriends.B.Makingalong-distancecallatthattimewascostly.C.Writingtoeachotherhelpedtoimproveschoolwork.D.Instantcommunicationwasn’tavailableforaveragepeople.16.A.MaggieandTessahadmetbefore.B.Tessa’slongblondhairwaseye-catching.C.TessacalledMaggiewithacellphone.D.Maggie’sgrandchildrenspottedTessa.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Thegreatdemandfortourists.B.Theendangeredfoodsupplies.C.Thedifficultytokeepwarm.D.Theextremeandchangeableweather.18.A.It’sgoingtorain.B.Aclearskywillappearsoon.C.It’sgoingtosnow.D.Itwillbeunseasonablywarm.19.A.Onceaweek.B.Threetimesaday.C.Everyotherday.D.Twiceaweek.20.A.Toenjoyabird’s-eyeviewofAlaska.B.Tolearnhowtoflyabushplanethere.C.ToexperiencesendingmailstoStLawrence.D.TohelptotakefoodsuppliestoAlaska.Ⅱ.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Forperhapsthefirsttimeinthehistoryofmoderneducation,millionsofprimaryandsecondarystudentsmaybeginthenewschoolyearfromhome.PupilsinEnglandshouldreturntoschoolsinSeptember,butCovid-19cases___1___（rise）,sothismaynotbepossible.Scientistsalsowarnthattherewillbemanymorecaseswhenpupilsreturntoschools.Someparentsmaychoosenottosendtheirchildrenback___2___theirfamily’ssafety.Teachersareworriedaboutchildrenwho___3___（fall）behindintheirschoolwork.Parentsandcarersarefeelinganxiousabouttheneedtobalanceworkandhomeschooling,Butanexperimentbyan18th-centuryFrenchschoolmaster,Jackboot,mayhelpthemtoworrylessabouthomeschooling.JackboothadtoteachinBelgium.HispupilsspokeonlyFlemish,andhespokeonlyFrench.Hegavehisstudentsanovel___4___（write）inhismothertongueandaFrenchdictionary.Heencouragedthemtoteachthemselves.Itworked.Learningdoesnotonlyhappenwhensomeoneolderputinformationintothelearner’smind.Thinkabouthowoftenchildrenandevenadultslearnfromtrialanderror,fromlearningtorideabiketo___5___（use）anewtechnology.Learninghappenswhenyouaskchildrendifficultquestionsatthedinnertable,encouragethemtobuildatree-houseorfindthingsforthemselvesonWikipedia.Inthe18thcentury,whenonlythesonsofrichmengotaschooleducation,Jackbootwantedtoshow___6___poorchildrencouldlearn.Parentscouldteachthembyencouragingandaskingquestions.It’sthesametoday.___7___studentshavetherightresources___8___（explore）ideasforthemselves,manypeoplecan“teach”-includingcarersandparentsduringapandemic（流行病）.However,somepoorerstudentswilldoworse___9___theydonothaveaccesstotheInternet.Jackbootshowedthatlearningdoesnotonlyhappeninaclassroomandthathumanbeingsarelearningbeings:theyknowhardlyanythingatbirth____10____seekoutanddevelopincrediblecapacities.Thatshouldmakeuslessworriedaboutchildrenduringthisdifficulttimeandmorehopefulaboutourselves.【答案】1.arerising/havebeenrising2.for3.havefallen4.written5.using6.how7.If8.toexplore9.because/as10.but【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以Jackboot的教学方法为例，介绍了在疫情期间，怎样解决孩子的学习问题。【1题详解】考查动词时态。句意：英格兰的学生应当在九月份返回学校，但是2024冠状病毒疾病的案例始终在上升，所以这可能是不行能的。依据上下文以及句意可知，此处表达冠状病毒疾病的病例始终在上升，还有接着上升的趋势，所以应用现在进行时或现在完成进行时来表达。因主语为名词复数，故填arerising/havebeenrising。【2题详解】考查介词。有些父母为了家人的平安，可能选择不把孩子送回去。依据句意可知，有些父母之所以选择不把孩子送回学校是为了家人的平安，for“（表示目的）为了”为介词。故填for。【3题详解】考查动词时态。句意：老师们担忧那些在学业上落后孩子们。依据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时，表达过去发生的动作对现在的影响，其结构为have+动词过去分词，定语从句中主语为who，指代先行词children，为复数。故填havefallen。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词过去分词。句意：他给学生们一本用他的母语写的小说和一本法语词典。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰前面名词，动词write和所修饰的名词novel之间是被动关系，所以须要用过去分词。故填written。5题详解】考查非谓语动名词。句意：想想看，从学习骑自行车到运用新技术，儿童甚至成年人从反复试验中学习的频率有多高。from…to…“从……到……”是介词固定搭配，因此处to为介词，后面应接动名词作宾语，故填using。【6题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。在18世纪，当只有富人的儿子才能接受学校教化时，Jackboot想要展示穷人的孩子是如何学习的。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，应填宾语从句引导词，依据后文“Parentscouldteachthembyencouragingandaskingquestions.”可知，是在谈论学习的方式，所以应填表示方式的连接副词how。故填how。【7题详解】考查条件状语从句连词。假如一些学生有适当的资源为自己探究思想，很多人可以进行“教学”的工作——包括在大流行病期间的护理人员和家长。依据句意可知，前文“___7___studentshavetherightresources___8___（explore）ideasforthemselves,”是后文“manypeoplecan“teach”-includingcarersandparentsduringapandemic（流行病）”的条件，空格处应填if来引导条件状语从句。故填if。【8题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：假如学生们有合适的资源来探究自己的想法，很多人可以进行“教学”的工作——包括在大流行期间的护理人员和家长。依据句意可知，空格处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰前面名词。故填toexplore。【9题详解】考查缘由状语引导词（从属连词）。句意：然而，一些较穷的学生会表现得更糟，因为他们无法上网。上文“However,somepoorerstudentswilldoworse”和下文“theydonothaveaccesstotheInternet”是因果关系，所以此处应填表示缘由的连词because/as等。故填because/as。【10题详解】考查连词。句意：Jackboot表明，学习不仅仅发生在教室里，人类也是学习型的人：他们在诞生时几乎什么都不知道，但却在找寻和发展令人难以置信的实力。下文“seekoutanddevelopincrediblecapacities”和上文“theyknowhardlyanythingatbirth”是转折关系，所以应填表示转折的连词but。故填but。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.curiosityB.inspiredC.visionD.communicationE.possibilitiesF.committedG.hookedH.investigateI.challengingJ.recognizeK.attentionI’vealwaysbeenanoptimistandIsupposethatisrootedinmybeliefthatthepowerofcreativityandintelligencecanmaketheworldabetterplace.ForaslongasIcanremember,I’velovedlearningnewthingsandsolvingproblemsinseventhgrade.SowhenIsatdownatacomputerforthefirsttime,Iwas___11___.ItwasanoldTeletypemachine.Butitchangedmylife.WhenmyfriendandIstartedMicrosoft,wehada___12___of“acomputeroneverydeskandineveryhome,”whichprobablysoundedtoooptimistic,butwebelievedpersonalcomputerswouldchangetheworld.Andtheyhave.After30years,I’mstillas___13___bycomputersasIwasbackinseventhgrade.Ibelievecomputersarethemostincredibletoolwecanusetofeedour___14___andinventivenesstohelpussolveproblems.Computershavetransformedhowwelearn,givingkidseverywhereawindowintoalloftheworld’sknowledge.They’rehelpingusbuild___15___aroundthethingswecareaboutandstayclosetothepeoplewhoareimportanttous,nomatterwheretheyare.LikemyfriendBuffett,IfeelparticularlyluckytodosomethingeverydaythatIlovetodo.Hecallsit“tap-dancingtowork.”MyjobatMicrosoftisas___16___asever,butwhatmakesme“tap-dancetowork”iswhenweshowpeoplesomethingnew,likeacomputerthatcan___17___yourhandwritingoryourspeech,andtheysay,“Ididn’tknowyoucoulddothatwithaPC！”Ibelievethatmyownfortunebringswithitaresponsibilitytogivebacktotheworld.MywifeandIhave___18___toimprovinghealthandeducationinawaythatcanhelpasmanypeopleaspossible.I’mstilloptimistic,andIbelievethatprogressoneventheworld’stoughestproblemsispossible.We’reseeingnewdrugsfordeadlydiseases,andnew___19___paidtothehealthproblemsintheworld.I’mexcitedbythe____20____Iseeformedicine,foreducationandofcoursefortechnology,AndIbelievethatthroughournaturalinventiveness,creativityandwillingnesstosolvetoughproblems,we’regoingtomakesomeamazingachievementsinalltheseareasinmylifetime.【答案】11.G12.C13.B14.A15.D16.I17.J18.F19.K20.E【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章中作者讲解并描述自己始终都是一个乐观主义者，他认为这植根于自己的信念，即创建力和才智的力气可以让世界变得更美妙。并且作者用自己的经验和见闻来说明自己的信念。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当我第一次坐在电脑旁边时，我就被它迷住了。依据空格前“was”为系动词，后应跟形容词作表语，以及前一句中“I’velovedlearningnewthings…”我喜爱学习新的事物，可知此处应填hooked“对……入迷的；被……迷住的”。故选G。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：30年前，当我和挚友保罗创办微软时，我们有一个让每家每户，每张办公桌上都有电脑的幻想。依据空格前wehada可知，空格处应填名词。vision“幻想，想象，画面”。故选C。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：30年后，我仍旧受到电脑的激励，跟我上七年级时一样。空格后的介词“by”为被动的标识。inspire“鼓舞，激励，启发”，此处用被动形式inspired。故选B。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为电脑是最奇妙的工具，我们可以运用它来满意我们的新奇心和独创创建实力，来帮助我们解决问题。依据上文wecanusetofeedour可知空格处应填名词作feed的宾语。curiosity“新奇心”。故选A。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电脑可以帮助我们围绕我们关注的事物建立通信，并且让我们和那些对自己重要的人保持亲密联系，不管他们身处何方。依据空格前build可知此处应填名词“通信”；communication“通信系统，通话”。故选D。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在微软的工作恒久充溢挑战，但是让我始终坚持“踢踏舞工作”的是……。依据文中isas___as可知空格处应填形容词。challenging“有挑战性的”。故选I。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：……是当我们向人们展示某些新成果时，当他们看到计算机能分辨笔迹，语音，他们会说“我不知道你竟然可以用个人电脑做这么多事”。依据空格前can可知此处应填动词，recognize“分辨出，辨别出”。故选J。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我的妻子致力于为尽可能多的人改善健康和教化。依据文中Ihave____to…可知此处应填动词，时态为现在完成时，committo“致力于，一心一意”，havecommitted现在完成时。故选F。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到治疗致命疾病的新药，并且全世界的健康问题也得到的重视。payattentionto…“关注”。故选K。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为医药，教化，当然还有技术发展的诸多可能性而欢欣鼓舞。依据空格前the可知此处应填名词。possibility“可能性”。故选E。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.SincePeterSingerpublishedAnimalLiberationin1975,animalrightsactiviststhoughtanimalsshouldbegrantedthesamerightsashumans.Referringtoscientificstudiesshowinganimals___21___“humancharacteristics”,theyargueanimalsshouldbeprotectedwiththesamerights.Sowhydon’tanimalshavethesamelegalstatus(身份)ashumans？Thelineofreasoninginfavorofgrantinganimalsequalrightstohumans___22___thefactthatscientistshavefoundcharacteristicsinanimalswenormally___23___withhumans.Agroupofscientistsshowedmonkeysdemonstrateself-consciousnessatthesamelevelashumans.Thishasusuallyservedasajustificationforhumanrights,sowhydon’twegrantequalrightstomonkeys？Thetruthis,___24___convincingscientificevidence,theargumentforgrantingatleastsomeanimalsthesamerightsashumanscan’tbejustifiedphilosophically.Anadequateargumentforanimalrightswouldrequirefurtherphilosophicalinquiryandnotjustdescriptive___25___.Wecanfeelpityforanimalsbeingtreatedbadlyandstrivetoprotectthemfromsuchtreatment.This,___26___,doesn’tmeananimalsshouldenjoythesamelegalstatusashumans.Thereisastrongreasonfor___27___thatrightsonlyapplytohumans.Whilefundamentalrightssurelyarevaluableintheirnature,theywouldbeworthlesswithoutasystemto___28___them.Thatiswhyweexpectotherpeopletorespectourrights.Thesystemthatdefendsourrightsisthefactthatotherpeopleareobligedby___29___intheirbehaviorstowardsus.Inourdailylife,weexperiencenumeroussituationsinwhichbadguyscould____30____fromviolating(侵扰)ourrights.Nevertheless,wesee,ofcourse,withsomeexceptions,thatindividualscooperateandrespectotherpeople’srights.Rightsanddutiesaretwosidesofthesamecoin,andonecannot____31____tohavecertainrightswithouthavingtoobservetheduties.Ifitismyclaimtolivefreelyonmypropertywithoutbeingbothered,myneighbor’sdutypreventshimfromviolatingmyrighttopropertyandlife.Suppose,however,hebreaksinanddamagesmyproperty.Hewillthenbeheldresponsibleinacourtoflaw,forhehas____32____hisdutytorespectmyrights.Thisiscompletelyreasonable,butwewillcertainlyface____33____ifmypropertywasviolatedbyanelephant.Ifweassumethatanimalsaregrantedthesamelegalstatusashumans,____34____requiresthatwenowdragheelephantintocourt.Remember,ifananimalweretohavesuchrights,itwouldlogicallyalsohavesocialduties.Therefore,itisnow____35____tothesamelegalproceduresashumans.Thisraisespracticalquestions:Whowilldefendtheanimalincourt？Andwilltheanimalbeabletocomprehendwhatisgoingon？21.A.acquiring B.desiring C.displaying D.respecting22A.explores B.challenge C.overlooks D.emphasizes23.A.treat B.associate C.deal D.bear24.A.considering B.despite C.insteadof D.accordingto25.A.conclusions B.performances C.experiments D.messages26.A.inreturn B.forinstance C.therefore D.however27.A.denying B.maintaining C.recognizing D.suggesting28.A.approve B.demand C.ensure D.reserve29.A.contracts B.possession C.faith D.duties30.A.profit B.keep C.learn D.result31.A.afford B.claim C.pretend D.determine32.A.assigned B.declared C.failed D.fulfilled33.A.dangers B.questions C.charges D.obstacles34.A.agreement B.justice C.criticism D.frustration35.A.open B.addicted C.subject D.relevant【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.B25.A26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.B35.C【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章在探讨动物是否应当有和人类一样的权力和法律地位？文章指出，享有权力的同时要履行义务，假如动物享有和人类同样的权力，是否能履行同等的义务呢？能否为自己的行为负责呢？【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提到科学探讨表明动物表现出“人类特征”，认为动物应当受到同样权利的爱护。A.acquiring获得；B.desiring渴望；C.displaying表现（特性或情感等）；D.respecting敬重。依据空格后“humancharacteristics”可知，应当是动物“表现出”人类特征，才应当受到同样权利的爱护。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：支持赐予动物与人类同等权利的观点强调了这样一个事实：科学家已经在动物身上发觉了我们通常认为人类才有的特征。A.explores探究；B.challenge挑战；C.overlooks忽视；D.emphasizes强调。依据空格后“thefactthat…”可知，空格后面陈述的是一个客观事实，这是支持赐予动物与人类同等权利的观点的事实依据，由此可知，这里应当是为了支持自己的观点，“强调”了这个事实。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：支持赐予动物与人类同等权利的观点强调了这样一个事实：科学家已经在动物身上发觉了我们通常认为人类才有的特征。A.treat对待，治疗；B.associate联系；C.deal应对，应付；D.bear忍受。依据空格前“characteristics”和空格后“withhumans”可知，科学家在动物身上发觉的特征，通常是与人类联系在一起的，也就是说，是人类常见的特征，associatewith意为“与……联系在一起”，符合句意。故选B项。【24题详解】考查介词/介词短语词义辨析。句意：事实是，尽管有令人信服的科学证据，但至少赐予一些动物与人类同样的权利的论点在哲学上是不合理的。A.considering考虑；B.despite尽管；C.insteadof代替；D.accordingto依据，依据。依据空格后“theargumentforgrantingatleastsomeanimalsthesamerightsashumanscan’tbejustifiedphilosophically”可知，上文提到的论点在哲学上是不合理的，由此可知，空格处句子表示“尽管”有令人信服的科学证据，但在哲学上是不合理的。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物权利的充分论证须要进一步的哲学调查，而不仅仅是描述性的结论。A.conclusions结论；B.performances表演；C.experiments试验；D.messages信息。依据空格前“requirefurtherphilosophicalinquiry”和“not”可知，空格前后为转折关系，须要的是进一步的哲学调查，由此可知，不能仅仅是给出“结论”。故选A项。【26题详解】考查短语/副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不意味着动物应当享有和人类一样的法律地位。A.inreturn作为回报；B.forinstance例如；C.therefore因此；D.however然而。结合上下文，上文提到我们对动物受到的虐待感到怜悯并努力爱护它们免受这种待遇，下文提到这并不意味着动物应当享有和人类一样的法律地位，上下文为转折关系，however意为“然而”，表示转折关系，符合语境。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个强有力的理由来坚持这种权利只适用于人类。A.denying否认；B.maintaining维持，坚持；C.recognizing承认；D.suggesting建议。结合下文内容可知，下文阐述的是虽然基本权利在本质上的确是有价值的，但假如没有一个制度来确保这些权利，这些权利将毫无价值。由此可知，下文阐述的内容是用来支持权利只适用于人类这一观点的，所以下文提到的理由应当是用来“坚持”这种权利只适用于人类的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然基本权利在本质上的确是有价值的，但假如没有一个制度来确保这些权利，这些权利将毫无价值。A.approve赞成；B.demand要求；C.ensure确保，保证；D.reserve预定。依据上文“theywouldbeworthless”可知，应当是假如没有一个制度来“确保”这些权利，这些权利将毫无价值，没有制度保证的权力就相当于没有权利。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱护我们权利的制度是这样一个事实：其他人对我们的行为负有义务。A.contracts合同；B.possession拥有，财产；C.faith信任；D.duties责任，义务。依据后文“Rightsanddutiesaretwosidesofthesamecoin,andonecannot_____tohavecertainrightswithouthavingtoobservetheduties.”可知，权利和义务是一枚硬币的两面，不履行义务就不能要求拥有某些权利。由此可知，空格处指的是其他人对我们的行为是负有“义务”的。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们经验了很多坏人可以从侵扰我们的权利中获利的状况。A.profit获利；B.keep保持；C.learn学习；D.result导致，产生。依据后文“fromviolating(侵扰)ourrights”可知，坏人应当是从侵扰我们的权利中“获利”，profitfrom意为“得益于……”。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：权利和义务是一枚硬币的两面，不履行义务就不能要求拥有某些权利。A.afford买得起；B.claim索取；C.pretend假装；D.determine确定。依据句中“Rightsanddutiesaretwosidesofthesamecoin”可知，权利和义务是一枚硬币的两面，由此可知，不履行义务就不能“要求”拥有某些权利，claimto意为“要求”，为固定搭配。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他将在法庭上被追究责任，因为他没有尽到敬重我权利的义务。A.assigned安排；B.declared宣布；C.failed失败，未能（做到）；D.fulfilled履行，执行。依据句中“Hewillthenbeheldresponsibleinacourtoflaw”可知，他是因为“没有”尽到敬重我权利的义务，才被追究责任，failed意为“未能（做到）”，符合句意。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是完全合理的，但假如我的财产被大象侵扰，我们确定会面临障碍。A.dangers危急；B.questions问题；C.charges指控；D.obstacles障碍。依据句意可知，假如我的财产被大象侵扰，大象是无法担当责任的，由此可知，我们确定会面临维权的“障碍”。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如我们假设动物被赐予与人类同样的法律地位，那么法律制度就要求我们现在就把大象拖上法庭。A.agreement协议；B.justice法律制度；C.criticism指责；D.frustration懊丧，挫败。依据空格前“Ifweassumethatanimalsaregrantedthesamelegalstatusashumans”可知，假如动物和人类法律地位一样，大象就应当为它的行为负责，由此可知，是“法律制度”要求把大象拖上法庭审判。故选B项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，它现在受到与人类相同的法律程序的约束。A.open开放的；B.addicted上瘾的；C.subject听从于，受……支配；D.relevant相关的。依据上文可知假如一个动物享有权利，它也要履行责任和义务，由此可知，它现在受到与人类相同的法律程序的“约束”，besubjectto意为“听从于，受……支配”，为固定短语，句中指受法律程序的支配。故选C项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AThefirstthingwenoticeaboutnewpeoplearetheirfaces.Thenexttimeweseethesepeople,werememberthembecauseweremembertheirfaces.Thisseemslikeasimpleprocess.However,scientistsfoundthatitisnotsuchasimpleprocess.Thesectionofthebrainthatisresponsibleforfacerecognitionseemstoworkdifferentlyfordifferentpeople.Somepeoplehavegreatdifficultyrememberingandrecognizingfaces,whileothersalmostneverforgetaface.Normalbabiesarebornwithanaturalabilitytorecognizefaces.Infact,theirfacerecognitionabilitiesaremuchbetterthantheirparents.Babiesarehighlyskilledatfacerecognitionatsixmonths.Butbyninemonths,theylosethisskill,Byninemonths,ababy’sface-recognitionskillsareaboutthesameasanadult’s.Unfortunately,somepeoplearenotbornwiththisabilitytorecognizefaces.Thepartofthebrainthatisresponsibleforfacerecognitiondoesn’tworkforthem.Thisconditioniscalledfaceblindness.Peoplewithveryseverefaceblindnesscannotevenrecognizetheirownfaces.Infact,peoplewiththisconditioncansometimesbefrightenedwhentheylookinthemirror.Theydon’trecognizetheirownface,soforasecondtheyarestartledwhentheyseethisunfamiliarface.Faceblindnessisnotalwayssevere.Scientistsbelieveupto10percentofthepopulationmaybeaffectedbyfaceblindnesstosomedegree,yetmanypeoplewithmildfaceblindnessmightnotevenknowtheyhaveit.Theyhavenoreasontoknowtheyaredifferentfromanyoneelseuntilsomeonepointsitout.Thisissimilartopeoplewithcolorblindness.Colorblindpeoplecan’tseethedifferencebetweencertaincolorssuchasredandgreen,untilsomeonetellsthemthatgreenandredaretwodifferentcolors.Thereisnocureforfaceblindness.Soforthetimebeing.peoplewithfaceblindnessneedtofindsimpletechniquestocompensatefortheirproblem.Theycantrytorecognizepeoplebytheirhairstyle,theirvoice,ortheirglasses.Hopefully,inthefutureasscientistslearnmoreaboutthiscondition,theywillfindacure.36.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout____________.A.thewaytoimproveone’sface-recognitionskillsB.thefactthatsomepeoplehaveface-recognitionproblemsC.thesimpleprocessofthebraintorecognizeothers’facesD.theimportanceoffacerecognitioninhumancommunication37.Whendopeoplehavethekeenskillsofface-recognition?A.Atbirth. B.Inadolescence.C.Halfayearold. D.Ninemonthsold.38.Theboldword“startled”inthe3rdparagraphisclosesinmeaningto_______________.A.confused B.surprisedC.excited D.depressed39.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheproblemoffaceblindness?A.Peopleneedtotakeitseriously. B.Itaffectsagreatnumberofpeople.C.Itcanbecuredinthenearfuture. D.Certaintechniquescanmakeupforit.【答案】36.B37.C38.B39.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了面部识别方面的有关学问以及有些人存在面部识别的问题。【36题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段中“Somepeoplehavegreatdifficultyrememberingandrecognizingfaces,whileothersalmostneverforgetaface.”（有些人很难记住和分辨面孔，而另一些人几乎恒久不会遗忘面孔。）可知，第一段主要想说明，事实上，有些人有面部识别问题。故选B项。【37题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Babiesarehighlyskilledatfacerecognitionatsixmonths.”（六个月大的婴儿面部识别实力很强。）可知人们在半周岁时具备敏锐的面部识别技能。故选C项。【38题详解】词句揣测题。依据第三段中“Peoplewithveryseverefaceblindnesscannotevenrecognizetheirownfaces.Infact,peoplewiththisconditioncansometimesbefrightenedwhentheylookinthemirror.”（严峻的脸盲症患者甚至不能认出自己的脸。事实上，有这种状况的人有时候在照镜子的时候会感到惊恐）可知，一些脸盲症患者不相识自己的脸，照镜子都会胆怯 ，再依据“Theydon’trecognizetheirownface,”（他们不相识自己的脸）可知，他们因为不相识自己的脸，所以看到一张生疏的面孔时会感到惊恐，startled应和frightened“受惊的”接近，选项中surprised与之词义最为接近。故选B项。【39题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Thereisnocureforfaceblindness.Soforthetimebeing.peoplewithfaceblindnessneedtofindsimpletechniquestocompensatefortheirproblem.Theycantrytorecognizepeoplebytheirhairstyle,theirvoice,ortheirglasses.Hopefully,inthefutureasscientistslearnmoreaboutthiscondition,theywillfindacure.”（脸盲症没有治疗方法。所以目前来说。脸盲症患者须要找到简洁的技术来弥补他们的问题。他们可以尝试通过发型、声音或眼镜来识别人。）可知，某些技术可以弥补脸盲症患者的问题。故选D项。BCAREERS&MANAGEMENTManylargecompaniesnowuseapplicant-trackingsystems（ATSs）.Asthenamesuggests,suchsystemshelprecruiterstrackandmanageapplicants.Theyalsoselectthebestcandidatesandfilterouttherest.Howcanyoumakesurethatyourapplicationgetspasttherobotsandreachesahumanrecruiter？Here’swhattheexpert,DEBORAHCAPRAS,says.Usetherightformat（格式）Mostapplicationsareremovedbecausetheyarenotformattedinwaythesesystemscanreadandinterpret:AmandaAugustine,careerexpertatPresumption,explainstoCNBCMakeIt.Checkwhichformatisspecifiedinthejobadbeforeyouuploadyourapplication.It’susuallyMicrosoftWordformat.KeepitsimpleAvoidcolumnsandtables,asmanysystemshaveproblemsrecognizingwherethesestartandend.AccordingtoAlludes,aspecialistrecruitmentcompany,youshouldkeepthestructureandformatsimple.“Don’tgetfancy”,advisesAlludesonitsblog.Usestandardfonts（ArialorCaliban）.ExcessiveformattingordecorativeelementsmightpresentanunreadablemesstotheATSs.SticktotraditionsUsetraditionalcategories,suchas“Achievements”,“Education”,“Professionalqualifications”,“Skills”and“Workexperience”.Thesesystemsareprogrammedtosorttheinformationintosuchcategories.“Thereisnostandardyouhavetofollow,”saysNickFrancisofSilencer,“butyoushouldsticktothemostpopularormostfrequentlyusedonestobesafe.”hetellsCNBCMakeIt.Understandthealgorithms（算法）“ATSalgorithmsaren’tthatdifferentfromthehumanalgorithms,”JonShields,marketingmanageratJacobson,tellsTheMuse.“We’reallkindofskimmingforthesamethings,”hesays.Thesystemfirstskimsyourapplicationforspecifickeywords,thenitrankscandidateswhomatchthejobdescriptionwell.Thisdoesn’tmeanyoushouldcopyandpastedirectlyfromthejobdescriptionintoyourapplication.Youshouldreuseexpressionsthatarerecognizedindustryterms.Thisisimportantwhenlistingjobtitles,qualificationsorachievements.Ifyou’renotsurewhichonestoinclude,useanonlinetooltofindtherightwords.Basically,evenifyouarehighlyqualified,unlessyouincludetherightsearchtermsinyourapplication,ahumanrecruiterwillnevermeetyou.40.Applicant-trackingsystems（ATSs）areusedfor________.A.formattingtheuploadedapplicationsB.collectingapplicants’datafromtheirapplicationsC.helpingcompaniesfindqualifiedcandidatesD.promotingapplicants’careerdevelopment41.WhichofthefollowingisNOTDEBORAHCAPRAS’advice？A.Checktheformatusedinyourapplicationbeforeuploadingit.B.Keepthestructureandformatofyourapplicationsimple.C.Sticktothemostpopularorfrequentlyusedcategories.D.Avoidusingexpressionsthatarerecognizedindustryterms.42.Thisbrochuremainlytalksabout_______________.A.whereapplicantsshouldsendtheirapplications.B.howapplicantscouldgettheirapplicationspastATSs.C.whatapplicantsmustdoinpreparingforaninterview.D.whyATSalgorithmsworkinthesamewayashuman’s.【答案】40.C41.D42.B【解析】本文是说明文。关于求职者如何确保他们的申请通过ATSs系统的审核，文章提出了几条建议。【40题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段中“Asthenamesuggests,suchsystemshelprecr