2018届高考英语第一轮复习课时强化检测20

课时强化练(十四)必修5Unit2TheenvironmentⅠ.单项填空1．Thedoctorsaidthatthepatienthadatonce，whichmadeusallworried.A．tooperate B．tobeoperatedC．operated D．tobeoperatedon【解析】sb.beoperatedon“某人被动手术”，on不能省去。【答案】D2．Iwouldappreciateifyoucangivemesomeadviceonhowtosolvetheseproblems.A．that B．itC．you D．this【解析】appreciate后接从句时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放到后边。【答案】B3．(2017·南洋中学高三调研)Somechildrenaretooabouttheirfood，whichisbadfortheirgrowth.A．careful B．specialC．particular D．curious【解析】句意：一些孩子特别挑食，这对他们的成才没有好处。beparticularabout对……挑剔。【答案】C4．—I'mstillworkingonmyproject.—Oh，you'llmissthedeadline.Timeis．A．runningout B．goingoutC．givingout D．losingout【解析】从“missthedeadline”可知：时间就要用完了。runout用完，耗尽，可用于进行时；giveout作“用完”解，一般不用于进行时。【答案】A5．inhernewnovel,theyoungwriterkeptthinkingandwritingforadozenhoursinherstudy.A．HavingdeeplyabsorbedB．DeeplyabsorbingC．DeeplyhavingbeenabsorbedD．Deeplyabsorbed【解析】由语境可知，此处动作与kept是同时进行，所以不能用完成时态。beabsorbedin意为“全神贯注于”，且B项表示主动，不符合此用法，故选D项，并在此处作状语。【答案】D6．(2013·山东高考)—Thisisareallylivelyparty.There'sagreatatmosphere，isn'tthere?—．Thehostsknowhowtohostaparty.A．Don'tworry B．Yes，indeedC．No，thereisn't D．Italldepends【解析】句意：“这确实是一个热闹的聚会。这里的气氛真好，是吧？”“是的，确实是。主人知道如何举办一个聚会。”由题干中的关键信息“主人知道如何举办一个聚会”可知下句说话人赞同上句说话人所说的话，故选“Yes，indeed”。Don'tworry意为“别担心”；No，thereisn't意为“不，不是”；Italldepends意为“看情况而定”，均不符合句意。【答案】B7．acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.A．Ithas B．TheyhaveC．Itremains D．Thereremains【解析】考查固定句型。此句实际上是考查句型Thereisacertaindoubt...，这里用系动词remains代替了is。【答案】D8．Nobodyhastherighttospitinthestreettheirsocialpositionorage.A．inspiteof B．thoughC．although D．regardlessof【解析】句意：不管社会地位或年龄如何，没有人有权当街吐痰。regardlessof不管，符合句意。【答案】D9．Largequantitiesofinformation,aswellassometimelyhelpsincetheorganizationwasbuilt.A．hasoffered B．hadbeenofferedC．havebeenoffered D．isoffered【解析】句中出现了since从句，句子用现在完成时，且quantitiesof作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，故答案为C。【答案】C10．ThemostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryispartthatitplayedinIndustrialRevolution.A．/；/ B．the；/C．the;the D．a;the【解析】part后面有that引导的定语从句限定，所以第一空应用定冠词the；第二空，IndustrialRevolution(工业革命)是由普通名词构成的专有名词，前面应该加定冠词。故选C项。【答案】CⅡ.阅读理解(2016·北京高考)CaliforniaCondor'sShockingRecoveryCaliforniacondorCaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerica'slargestbirds,withwinglengthofupto3meters.Inthe1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoning(铅中毒)nearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewildtobebred(繁殖)．Since1992,therehavebeenmultiplereintroductionstothewild,andtherearenowmorethan150flyingoverCaliforniaandnearbyArizona，UtahandBajainMexico.Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff.“Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdon'tseethepowerlines，”saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution(电死)iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles，placedinlargetrainingareas，teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced，66%ofset­freebirdsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead，theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney(肾)failureanddeath.SocondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveraldays.Thisworkisstartingtopayoff.Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.Rideout'steamthinksthattheCaliforniacondors'averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.“Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow，”hesays.“Theyaretrulygoodbirdsthatarewortheveryeffortweputintorecoveringthem.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。美国加利福尼亚秃鹰由于触电和铅中毒而濒临灭绝，研究人员采取了一些办法来挽救秃鹰，从而使这一种群渐渐恢复了生机。1．Californiacondorsattractresearchers'interestbecausethey．A．areactiveatnightB．hadtobebredinthewildC．arefoundonlyinCaliforniaD．almostdiedoutinthe1980s【解析】推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，20世纪80年代，由于触电和铅中毒，加利福尼亚州的秃鹰濒临灭绝，20世纪80年代末，仅剩的几只秃鹰从野外被带回繁殖，由此可推断正是秃鹰濒临灭绝才引起了研究人员的注意和兴趣，故选D项。【答案】D2．Researchershavefoundelectricallinesare．A．blockingcondors'journeyhomeB．bigkillersofCaliforniacondorsC．restplacesforcondorsatnightD．usedtokeepcondorsaway【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，电线一直在使秃鹰丧命，并且解释原因说，秃鹰晚上休息的时候看不见电线，而它们宽大的翅膀正好同时搭在两根电线上，于是它们立刻就被电死了，故选B项。【答案】B3．AccordingtoParagraph5,leadpoisoning．A．makescondorstoonervoustoflyB．haslittleeffectoncondors'kidneysC．canhardlybegottenridoffromcondors'bloodD．makesitdifficultforcondorstoproducebabybirds【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，铅中毒影响了秃鹰的神经系统和繁殖能力(affectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds)，并且可以导致它们肾衰竭和死亡，由此可知，A、B两项错误，D项正确。通过给秃鹰使用一种化学药物，在几天内就可以清除它们血液中的铅，由此可知，C项错误。【答案】D4．Thispassageshowsthat．A．theaveragesurvivaltimeofcondorsissatisfactoryB．Rideout'sresearchinterestliesinelectricengineeringC．theeffortstoprotectcondorshavebroughtgoodresultsD．researchershavefoundthefinalanswerstotheproblem【解析】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚秃鹰濒临灭绝以及科研人员为挽救它们而展开的救援和研究工作，且实施措施有了回报(payoff)，由此可知，C项正确，排除B项。根据最后一段中的justundereightyears可排除A项；根据thesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever可排除D项。【答案】CⅢ.任务型阅读Greenisnature'scolor,thecolorofgrassandleavesandofmostgrowingplants.Itnotonlycanmean“young,freshandgrowing”，butalsocandescribesomethingthatisnotyetripeandfinished.A“greenhorn”issomeonewhohasnoexperience，orwhoisnewtoasituation.Inthe15thcentury，agreenhornwasayoungcoworoxwhosehornshaven'tyetdeveloped.Acenturyorsolater，agreenhornwasasoldierwhohadnotyethadanyexperienceofbattle.Bythe18thcenturythewordhadthemeaningithastoday—namely，apersonwhoisnewtoajob.Aboutonehundredyearsago,greenhornwasapopulartermintheAmericanWest.Old­timersusedittodescribemenwhohadjustarrivedfromoneofthebigcitiesintheeast.Greenhornslackedtheskillstheywouldneedtoliveinthehard，roughcountryinthewest.Someonewiththeabilitytogrowplantswellissaidtohaveagreenthumb.Theexpressioncomesfromtheearly1900s.Apersonwithagreenthumbseemstohavethemagictouchthatmakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell.Youmightsaythatthewomannextdoorhasagreenthumbifhergardencontinuestogrowlongafteryourplantshavedied.TheGreenRevolutionwasthenamegivensomeyearsagotothedevelopmentofnewkindsofriceandothergrains.TheGreenRevolutionwastheresultofhardworkbyagriculturalscientistswhocouldbesaidtohavegreenthumbs.Greenisalsothecolorusedtodescribeapowerfulemotion,jealousy(嫉妒)．The“green­eyedmonster”isnotafrighteningcreaturefromouterspace.ItisanexpressionfirstusedaboutfourhundredyearsagobyBritishwriterWilliamShakespeareinhisplayOthello，anddescribestheunpleasantfeelingonehaswhenthepersononeloveslovessomebodyelse.Title：Green—MorethanJustaColorWord/Phrase1.MeaningEvolutionGreenhornSomeonewhohasno2.experience．◆Ayoungcoworoxwhosehornshaven'tyetdeveloped.◆Asoldierwithoutexperienceof3.battle．◆Apersonnewtoajob.◆Amanwhohasjustarrivedandlackstheskillsneededtoliveinthe4.countryinthewest.GreenthumbSomeonewhoisgoodat5．garden­ing．◆Apersonwhomakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell6.magically．◆Someonewhomanageshisorhergardenwell.TheGreenRevolution“Green”hereisrelatedto7．agricul­ture．The8．green­eyedmonsterApowerful9.emotion，jealousy.Shakespeareusedittodescribethe10.unpleasantfeelingonehaswhenthepersononeloveslovessomebodyelse.【导学号：36742202】Ⅳ.写作素材(关于环境)1．现在雾霾天气(thehazyweather)正变得越来越严重。2．在过去的十年里，管理部门在环境保护方面没有尽到职责。3．现在不仅很多商业界人士乐意减少车辆的产量。4．公众也减少汽车的使用。5．这样做是为了减少二氧化碳的排放，解决环境问题。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用notonly...butalso...引起的倒装句。【连句成篇】(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)