2025届高考英语热点精准复习非谓语动词

Non-PredicateVerbs

2025届高考英语热点精准复习

非谓语动词Whatisnon-predicateverb?

什么是非谓语动词？

谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。He

works

inShanghai.He

willgo

toShanghai.He

didn’tgotoShanghai.He

hasgonetoShanghai.于是，加入了连词并列连词and,aswellas,but,yet,while,however,so,or,either…or…从属连词when,where,why,who,whom,whose,which,what,that…conjunction连词非谓语动词不定式todo动名词doing分词现在分词doing过去分词done一个句子已经存在一个谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，另一个动词需要用非谓语动词。She_____(leave)herhandbagonherseatyesterday.leftTask1:Shegotoffthebus,but_____(leave)herhandbagonherseatyesterday.Shegotoffthebus,_______(leave)herhandbagonherseatyesterday.left该句中_____（有/没有）谓语动词，____（有/没有）连词，所以空格处应使用_________（谓语动词/非谓语动词）。动词时态为_______。没有没有谓语动词过去时该句中_____（有/没有）谓语动词，____（有/没有）连词连接两个句子，所以空格处应使用_________（谓语动词/非谓语动词）。连词连接的两个句子时态为_______。有有谓语动词过去时非谓语？该句中_____（有/没有）谓语动词，____（有/没有）连词，所以空格处应使用____________（谓语动词/非谓语动词）。有没有非谓语动词Howtochooseasuitablenon-predicateverb?

如何选择适当的非谓语动词？动词不定式todoIwenttotheshoptobuysometea.=Iwenttotheshopinordertobuysometea.2.Themeetingtobeheldnextweekisveryimportant.=Themeetingthatwillbeheldnextweekisveryimportant.动词不定式在句中通常表_______和_______。目的将来我去商店买了些茶。下周将要举行的会议非常重要。2.Theyenteredtheclassroom,speakingandlaughing.向窗外望去，沙滩的景色尽收眼底。1.Looking

outofthewindow,youcanhaveafullviewofthebeach.现在分词doing=Ifyoulookoutofthewindow,youcanhaveafullviewofthebeach.=Theyenteredtheclassroomwhiletheywerespeakingandlaughing.现在分词在句中通常表________和________。主动进行他们有说有笑地进了教室。=Ifoundalltheproblemshavebeensolved.1.Consideredasabuildingmaterial,woodisnotverystrong.过去分词done=Althoughitisconsideredasabuildingmaterial,woodisnotverystrong.2.Ifoundalltheproblemssolved.过去分词在句中通常表________和_________。被动完成木材作为一种建筑材料并不结实。我发现所有的问题都解决了。Task2__________(catch)theearlybus,hegotupearly.________(hear)

thenews,wejumpedwithjoy.Heenteredtheroom,__________(follow)byhislittlesister.TocatchHearingfollowed该句中_____（有/没有）谓语动词，____（有/没有）连词，所以空格处应使用__________（谓语动词/非谓语动词）。此句意思为“为了赶上早班车”，表示_____，所以应该使用____________。有没有非谓语动词目的动词不定式该句中_____（有/没有）谓语动词，____（有/没有）连词，所以空格处应使用__________（谓语动词/非谓语动词）。此句意思为“听到消息”，动词hear与逻辑主语we之间是______关系，所以应该使用__________。有没有非谓语动词主动现在分词该句中____（有/没有）谓语动词，____（有/没有）连词，所以空格处应使用__________（谓语动词/非谓语动词）。此句意思为“被他的妹妹跟着”，动词follow与逻辑主语he之间是____关系，所以应使用__________。有没有非谓语动词被动过去分词非谓语动词的各种

形式及句法功能非谓语动词主动式被动式可充当的句子成分动词不定式todotobedone主语、宾语表语、定语状语、补语插入语tobedoing/tohavedonetohavebeendonetohavebeendoing/动名词doingbeingdone主语、宾语表语、定语havingdonehavingbeendone现在分词doingbeingdone表语、定语状语、补语插入语havingdonehavingbeendone过去分词done非谓语动词的各种形式及句法功能非谓语动词做定语定语用来修饰、限定名词或代词。说明名词的品质或特征。可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、定语从句等相当于形容词的词、短语或句子来担任。用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。动词不定式做定语小结1：动词不定式在句中做定语，通常修饰_______________,多置于被修饰词后做____________,不定式表________,主动将来为todo,被动将来为_______________。Theconference

totakeplaceinShanghainextweekisofgreatimportance.Themeeting_____________(hold)nextweekisveryimportant.名词或代词后置定语将来tobeheldtobedone动词不定式做定语小结2：作定语的不定式若为不及物动词，其后须有与之搭配的介词。但是若不定式修饰的名词是place,time或way时，介词可省略。1.Theywantabighousetolivein.2.Hehasaplacetolive.动词不定式做定语1.ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.2.Youaretheonlypersontobelateforsuchanimportantmeeting.3.Tomisalwaysthefirststudent

tocomeandthelasttoleave.小结3：当被修饰词是序数词或是被序数词、形容词最高级、thenext、theonly、thelast等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语，不定式和被修饰词通常会构成主动关系。动词不定式做定语1.Ihavenothing

tofearbutfearitself.2.Doyouhaveanything

tosay?3.Thereisnothing

toworryabout.小结4：somthing,nothing,anything等不定代词后常用动词不定式。动词不定式做定语小结5：抽象名词ability、chance、idea、wish、fact、excuse、promise、attempt、opportunity、way、ambition等常用动词不定式作定语。1.Theability

toexpressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.2.Thisisthebestwaytodealwiththeproblem.动词不定式做定语动词-ing做定语awashingmachineanexhausting

job动名词：性质、特征或用途现在分词：名词的状态：主动、进行asleepingbabyabarkingdog动词-ing做定语（动名词vs现在分词）单个动词-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词____作_____定语；动词-ing形式短语作定语，常放在被修饰词____作______定语。前置前后后置1.Familiesgathertoadmirethe

shining

moon.2.FamiliescelebratingtheLunarNewYearcanenjoy

dragondances.动词-ing做定语（前置定语、后置定语）注意：若单个的V-ing形式修饰的词为those，something,everything,nothing等代词时，则-ing形式要放在其后，如somethinginteresting。①Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.②Theman

standingthere

isPeter'sfather.③Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.=Themanwhoisstandingthere

isPeter'sfather.=Anybodywhoisswimminginthisriver

willbefined.动词-ing做定语（定语从句）①Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.②Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.动词-ing做定语（定语从句）过去分词做定语1.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname"theUnitedKingdom"or"theUK".2.Our_________(retire)soccercoachwenttowatchusplayagamelastweek.小结1：过去分词做定语，表示____________,单个过去分词作定语，放于其修饰的名词之____。retired过去分词做定语被动、完成前1.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack.2.Thebridge________(build)in2019wasdesignedbyalocalcompany.小结2：过去分词短语作定语，一般置于其修饰的名词之____。built过去分词做定语后Thestadium_________(design)lastyearisthebiggestoneinourcity.Families____________(celebrate)theLunarNewYearcanenjoyexcitingdragondancesandcarnivalstogether.Thebuilding____________(build)nowwillbefinishedintwomonth.Thearticle__________(write)byhimiswellworthreading.I’mgoingtothesupermarket.Doyouhaveanything________(buy)?designedcelebratingbeingbuiltwrittenExercisetobuy非谓语动词做状语状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式、目的等状况，说明形容词或副词的程度。可以由副词、介词短语、不定式、分词短语、从句等多种形式担任。位置比较自由，一般在句末，也可放在句首或句中。动词不定式做状语Icomeheretosaygood-byetoyou.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprogrammes.Hestudieshardsoastoenterakeyuniversity.

动词不定式做状语小结1：动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”，可放在句首或句末。常用结构为todo、inordertodo、soastodo(不能置于句首)等。小结2：动词不定式作结果状语，通常放在句末，常用于下列结构中:Peterwenttothepostoffice,onlytofindtheletterwasleftathome.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.onlytodo表示意想不到的结果adj./adv.+enoughtodo足够……做……too...todo太……而不能做……so/such...asto...如此……以至于……动词不定式做状语小结3：动词不定式作原因状语。表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种心理活动或情绪的原因，常用于这类结构的形容词有sorry、surprised、disappointed、excited、glad、happy、anxious、delighted、pleased、foolish等。I’mpleasedtohearaboutyournews.动词不定式做状语动词不定式做独立成分tobehonesttobefrankTotellyouthetruthtostart/tobeginwithtomakethingsworthtobesuretobeexact说实在的，老实说坦率地讲，坦白说说真的，说实话首先更糟糕的是的确，确实精确地说分词做状语分词做状语

分词做状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。分词做状语一般有以下形式：doing与句子主语是主动关系，表示与谓语动作同时发生。havingdong与句子主语是主动关系，表示先于谓语动作发生。done与句子主语是被动关系，表示与谓语动作同时发生。beingdone与句子主语是被动关系，表示与谓语动作同时发生。havingbeendone与句子主语是主动关系，表示先于谓语动作发生。1.Whenhewalkedoutoftheroom,hesawadog.Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawadog.Knowingitisdifficult,Idon’tgiveup.2.AlthoughIknowitisdifficult,Idon’tgiveup.3.Marysatbythewindowandwasreadingabook.Marysatbythewindow,readingabook.4.Asdidn’tknowtheway,hegotlost.Notknowingtheway,hegotlost.5.Ifwestudyhard,wewillsucceed.Studyinghard,wewillsucceed.时间让步伴随原因条件1.Whenhewasaskedwhyhewasabsent,thelittleboyliedthathewasill.Askedwhyhewasabsent,thelittleboyliedthathewasill.Leftaloneathome,Jennydidn'tfeelafraidatall.2.Althoughshewasleftaloneathome,Jennydidn'tfeelafraidatall.3.Theteacherwasfollowedbyhisstudents,andhewentintothelab.Followedbyhisstudents,theteacherwentintothelab.4.Ashewasinjuredintheleg,hecouldn'ttakepartinthesportsmeeting.Injuredintheleg,hecouldn'ttakepartinthesportsmeeting.5.Iftheyweregivenenoughwater,thenewly-plantedtreeswouldn'thavedied.Givenenoughwater,thenewly-plantedtreeswouldn'thavedied.时间让步伴随原因条件分词做独立成分generallyspeakingfranklyspeakingjudgingfromseeingthatconsideringthatproviding/providedthatgiven…一般来说坦率地讲根据…判断由于，鉴于考虑到如果考虑到，鉴于注意1：分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.Hearingthenews,shecried.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,Ifoundthegardenbeautiful.FFTT判断正误注意2：havingdone表示比先于谓语动作发生,句子主语与havingdone是主动关系。1._________________(turn)

offtheTV,hebegantogooverhislessons.2.______________(finish)hishomework,hewentouttoplayfootballwithhisfriends.3._________________(buy)

whatsheneeded,Mrs.Smithwentoutofthemarket.HavingturnedHavingfinishedHavingbought注意3：非谓语动词做状语，其逻辑主语往往与句子地主语一致，但有时分词有自己地主语，即构成独立主格结构，其形式为：名词/代词+doing/done/todoTheweather

beingfine,we

wentoutforawalk.Winter

coming,it

getscolderandcolder.Timepermitting,

Iwillgowithyou._______(keep)inrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,________byherlittledaughter.(follow)Shewalkedoutofthehouse,________herlittledaughter.(follow)___________(consider)asabuildingmaterial,woodisnotverystrong.__________(hear)thenews,wejumpedwithjoy._________(move)bythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”ExerciseKeptfollowedfollowingConsideredHearingMoved非谓语动词做宾语宾语指动作的承受对象或行为的承受者。可由多种词类担任，包括名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词或宾语从句。分为直接宾语和间接宾语。通常位于及物动词或介词之后。决心学会想希望只能跟动词不定式做宾语decide/determine,learn,want,hope/expect/wish拒绝设法愿假装refuse,manage,care,pretend主动答应选计划同意请求帮一帮offer,promise,choose,planagree,ask/beg,help考虑建议盼原谅只能跟动名词做宾语consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon承认推迟没得想admit,delay/putoff,fancy避免错过继续练否认完成就欣赏avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practicedeny,finish,enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒险forbid,imagine,risk不禁介意准逃亡只能跟动名词做宾语can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape难以忍受始反对can’tstand,setabout,objectto想要成功坚持忙习惯放弃有困难feellike,succeedin,stickto/insiston,bebusybeused/accustomedto,giveup,havedifficulty/troublein导致专心防道歉leadto,devoteto,prevent/stop/keep…from,apologizeforforgettodoforgetdoing既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词做宾语忘记去做…忘记做过…remembertodorememberdoing记得去做…记得做过…regrettodoregretdoing遗憾要做…后悔做过…trytodotrydoing努力做…尝试去做…stoptodostopdoing停下来去做…停止做…meantodomeandoing打算做…意味着做…goontodogoondoing继续做（另一件事）继续做（同一件事）can’thelptodocan’thelpdoing不能帮助做…忍不住做…非谓语动词做宾补宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态等，使句子意思更加完整和明确。通常与宾语一起构成复合宾语，其中宾语是句子的核心，而宾语补足语则是对宾语的补充说明。可由多种词类充当，包括名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词等。位置一般放在宾语后。02使役动词“三使”have/get/make01感官动词“五看二听一感觉”03With+宾语+宾补随着…常见可接非谓语动词作宾补的词和结构

非谓语动词做宾补，其逻辑主语是宾语，根据两者间的主动和被动关系，以及非谓语动词发生的时间，选择相应的形式。Ifeltsomeone______(pat)meontheback.Hefoundhisnewbike______.(steal)小结1：现在分词作宾语补足语，表示____________。过去分词做宾语补足语，表示____________。主动、进行被动、完成stolenpatting非谓语动词做宾补小结2：非谓语动词用在感官动词________________________________________________等之后。

Isawhim_______(bite)byadog.Listentothebirds_______.(sing)bitten

lookat,see,watch,

observe,notice,listento,hear,feelsinging非谓语动词做宾补小结3：过去分词用在使役动词之后，如：__________________________表示_________。Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyself_______.(hear)I'msorrytohavekeptyou_______.(wait)heard“使/让…”have,make,get,keep,leave非谓语动词做宾补waitingWithsomanypeople________(look)ather,shefeltnervous.Thethiefwasbroughtinwith

hishands________(tie)behindhisback.tied小结4：非谓语动词用在“______+宾语＋宾补”结构中。with非谓语动词做宾补lookingIheardmysister________(sing)thatsonginEnglishoutside.Theyonceheardthesong_______(sing)inEnglish.Motherheardherkid__________(open)thedoor.Motherheardthedoor________(open).Theycaughthim__