2024年山东省潍坊市中考英语真题（原卷版）

试卷类型:A潍坊市二○二四年初中学业水平考试英语试题注意事项:1.本试卷总分110分,考试时间90分钟.2.考生应将答案全部答在答题卡上,注意事项请参照答题卡要求.考试结束后,试题和答题卡将一并收回.一、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列语篇,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.APete:Goodbook?Debbie:Yeah,itis,andatthesametimeithelpsyoufindoutmoreaboutyourself.Pete:Oh,oneofthose.Ineverreadthatkindofthing.It’snotworthit.Debbie:No,sometimesthey’rereallygood.Thisquestionnaire,forexample.It’saboutyourhiddentalents(才能).Pete:Hiddentalents?That’sridiculous.Debbie:WellPete.Ithinkit’sashamethatyoufeelthatway.Pete:Well,OK.Letmehavealook.Pete:Sorry,Debbie.It’snogood.Debbie:Why?Pete:Itsays,“You’reexcellentatdesignandatmanualthings.”Me!I’mnotexcellentatall.Itjustgoestoshow.Debbie:What?Thatschooldoesn’thelpyoudiscoveryourrealtalent?Pete:No,thatyoucan’tjudge(判断)abookbyitscover.1Debbieisreadingabookabouthowto________.A.chooseabook B.makeaquestionnaire C.discoverthehiddentalents D.beexcellentatmanualthings2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ridiculous”inPicture2probablymean?A.Silly. B.Harmful. C.Fantastic. D.Interesting.3.WhichisTRUEaccordingtotheconversation?A.Peteisgoodatdesign. B.Petethinksthebookuseless.C.Debbiegoestoshowherself. D.Debbiejudgesthebookbyitscover.BFlemingsawmanysoldiersdiefrominfections(感染)intheirwoundsasheworkedinahospitalduringWorldWarI.ThismadeFlemingdecidetofindawaytohelpthebodyfightinfections.InSeptember1928,Flemingleftsomeglassdishesonabenchinhislaboratoryfortwoweeks.Whenhecameback,henoticedsomethingpuzzling.Bacteria(细菌)weregrowingonalltheglassdishesexceptone.Onthisdishmould(霉菌)hadstartedtogrow—thekindfoundonoldbread.Themouldseemedtobegivingoffsomethingthatstoppedthebacteriafromgrowing.Flemingcalledit“mouldjuice”.Hetrieditonotherbacteria,anditkilledthem,too.Flemingbecamewildwithjoyandnameditpenicillin.Unfortunately,Fleming’sbossthoughthewaswastinghistimeanditwasimpossibletokillbacteriaatthattime.Flemingdidafewmoreexperimentswithpenicillin,andhealsowroteaboutitsootherscientistscouldlearnaboutit.However,becausenooneseemedinterestedinhisdiscovery,heforgotaboutpenicillinandstartedtoworkonotherthings.In1939,ErnestChain,ascientist,andhisboss,HowardFlorey,werelookingformedicinesthatcouldkillbacteria.TheydiscoveredFleming’snotesanddecidedtotestpenicillin.In1940,theygavepenicillintosomesickmice,whosurvivedlater.Butthosewhodidn’tgetitdied.Floreydeclared:“Itlookslikeamiracle!”By1943,thefinaltestsonhumanswerefinishedsuccessfullyandtheworldhaditsfirstantibiotic(抗生素)medicine.4.Whydidbacteriastopgrowingononeofthedishes?A.Themouldjuicekilledthem. B.Someoldbreadwasonthedish.C.Therewassomethingspecialinthelab. D.Thedishwasonthebenchfortwoweeks.5.Fleminghadtogiveuphisstudyonpenicillinbecause________.A.somethingelsewasworthdoing B.doingexperimentscostmuchmoneyC.noscientistsshowedaninterestinit D.hisbossdidn’tbelievehisnewdiscovery6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thediscoveryofpenicillin. B.ThegreatworkofChainandFlorey.C.Thetestsonsickmiceandhumans. D.ThevalueofFleming’snotesaboutpenicillin.7.Whichmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ThelifeofFleming B.ThestoryofErnestChainC.Thescienceoffightinginfections D.Thebirthoftheworld’sfirstantibioticmedicineCAtthebeginningoftheschoolyear,eachstudentwouldbegivenaspecialjobforwhichtheywouldberesponsible(负责任的)forthewholeterm.Rita,aquietandhardworkinggirl,hopedforanexcitingtask,liketakingcareoftheclassplants.Instead,shereceivedasmallboxwithsandandasmallant.Eventhoughtheteacherexplainedthatthistaskwasveryspecial,Ritacouldnothelpfeelingdisappointed.However,shedecidedtodoherbestwithhernewjob.Shebegantostudyandcarefortheant,learningaboutitshabitat(栖息地)andneeds.Shemadetheboxacomfortablehomefortheant,anditgrewmuchbiggerthananyoneexpected.Rita’seffortscaughttheattentionofherscienceteacher,Mr.Thompson.Heturnedherworkintoaclassproject,andRitabecametheclassexpert(专家)onants.Herhardworkhelpedthewholeclasslearnaboutantbehaviorandhabitats.Theyevenbuiltasmallantfarmintheclassroomtoobservetheantclosely.Gradually,Rita’sclassmatesbecamemoreandmoreinterestedintheantproject.Theystartedaskingherquestionsandobservingtheant’sbehaviorthemselves.Ritaorganizedapresentationwhereshesharedherfindingswiththewholeschoolduringthesciencefair.Attheendoftheyear,Rita’sclasswasrecognizedasthebestoftheyear.Ritawasaswellpraisedforherhardworkandhowsheturnedasmalltaskintosomethingbig.Ritalearnedthateverytask,nomatterhowsmall,couldmakeabigdifference.Shealsolearnedthatsometimesthemostunexpectedthingscanleadtogreatsuccess.8.WhatwasRita’sjobthisterm?A.Tolookafterplants. B.Toraiseanant. C.Tobecomeanexpert. D.Tobuildanantfarm.9.HowdidRitafeelaboutreceivingthetaskatfirst?A.Cool. B.Bored. C.Angry. D.Unhappy.10.WhatwasthefinalresultofRita’sspecialjob?A.HerclassbecameNo.1oftheyear. B.Shegaveareporttothewholeschool.C.Theclasslearnedmuchknowledgeaboutants. D.Shecaughttheattentionofthescienceteacher.11.WhatcanwelearnfromRita’sstory?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. B.Theharderyouwork,theluckieryou’llbe.C.Asmalltaskcouldmakeabigdifference. D.Greatsuccessdependsonthemostunexpectedthings.DAfriendadvisesmetosaynomoreoften,soIcanfixmyeyesonwhatmattersmost.Personally,I’veusedhisadvicetogreatadvantage.___12___I’venoticedafewareaswherepeoplehesitate(犹豫)tosayyes.Here’swhatIsuggestyousayYESto:Sayyestochallenge(挑战).___13___Whyaddanymorechallengetoyourlifethanyoualreadyhave?Althoughthereareafewchallengesyoumighthavegoodreasonstosaynoto,sayyestothechallengesthatstretchandgrowyou.MydadhaswiselypointedoutthatImaydobestwheninachallengingsituation.Challengecanbringoutthebestinyou.___14___It’struethattoomuchfuncanbefrivolous(无聊).However,insomecases,itisalsoeasytogetsofocusedonourworkthatweforgettoenjoyitandhavefun.Sometimesyoucanhavefun,butyoucanmakethesituationfunbytheattitudeandenergyyoubringtoit.Sayyestoopportunity(机会).Putyourselfintheplacefullofopportunities.Sometimesopportunityfindsyou,butmoreoftenyouhavetosearchforit.___15___Communicatewithpeoplewhoaremakingthingshappen.Andwhenyoudofindopportunity,don’tpassitbybecauseoflaziness.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Sayyestofun.B.Sayingnoisaskillbutsoissayingyes.C.Joingroupsthatchallengeandencourageyou.D.It’seasytothinkyou’renotabletodealwithit.E.Improvingrelationshipsisalwayssomethinggoodtosayyesto.二、语言知识运用（共20小题;满分35分）A阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thereareoverfiftydifferenttypesofplastics.Manyofthemareused___16___packaging(包装).Mostplasticsdonotbreakdownandalotofthemarenotrecyclable.Whentheyare___17___,theycanpollutetheairandmakeitverydangerous.OneofthemostpopularplasticsusedinmakingbottlesiscalledPET.Thiscanberecycled.Plastics___18___PETneedtobelabeledsotheycanbecollectedeasilyforrecycling.InAmerica,PETisrecycledandusedtomake___19___things,suchasflowerpotsandmilkcrates.InGermanysomebottlesaremadefromatypeofplasticwhichbreaksdowninstrong___20___orwhenburied.___21___thisisexpensiveandthebottlesmightbreakwhiletheyarebeingneed.Nearlyallthethingsyoubuyfromthesupermarketarewrappedinsomething.___22___fruitandvegetablesarewrappedinplasticorinplasticbags.Whenweusethesethings,weusually___23___thepackaging.Packagingkeepsfood___24___.Itprotectsthefoodandalsogivesusinformationabouttheproduct.Butisitallnecessary?Ifyouaddupallthepackaging,itcomestoalot.Trynottobuythingsthatusealotofplastic.You’dbetter___25___youroldplasticcontainersforkeepingthings.16.A.at B.on C.to D.for17.A.burnt B.heated C.bought D.used18.A.as B.by C.like D.with19A.dry B.new C.heavy D.natural20.A.wind B.smell C.storm D.sunlight21.A.Or B.So C.But D.And22.A.Yet B.Even C.Still D.Always23.A.putup B.pickup C.giveaway D.throwaway24.A.warm B.clear C.fresh D.delicious25.A.reuse B.return C.repair D.reduceB阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。TheElmoreBankhadjustputinanewsafeandvault(金库).Mr.Adamswasvery___26___(pride)ofit.Hegladlyexplaineditsworkingstoeveryone.RalphSpencerlistened___27___(polite),butdidnotseemveryinterested.Thetwochildren,MayandAgatha,werevery___28___(excite)toseetheseshiningthings.Atthistime,BenPrice,apolicemanfromLittleRock,walkedinsidethebankhall.Hetoldtheclerkthathewasjustwaitingforamanhe___29___(know).Suddenlytherewasascream(尖叫).MaylockedAgathainthevault.Theoldbankercried,“Oh,thedoorcan’t___30___(open).AndtheclockIhadn’tstartedyet.”Duringthefollowingsilencetheycouldjusthearthegirlwildly___31___(shout)inthedarkvault.“OnlyonemaninLittleRockcanopenthisdoor,”saidMr.Adams.“Ralph,thechildcan’tstanditlonginthere.Thereisn’tenoughair,andbesides,she___32___(die)offear.Whatshallwedo?”Ralphthrewoffhiscoatandpulleduphisshirtsleeves.WiththatactRalphSpencerdisappearedandJimmyValentinetook___33___(he)place.“Getawayfromthedoor,allofyou,”hesaid.Thenhesethissuitcaseonthefloorandlaidoutallthetools.Intenminutes,breakinghisownburglarious(入室盗窃的)record,heopenedthedoor.Jimmyputonhiscoatandwalkedtowardsthefrontdoor.Abigmanstoodinhisway.“Hello,Ben!”saidJimmy,withastrangesmile.“Well,let’s___34___(go).”AndthenBenPriceactedratherstrangely.“Guessyou’remistaken,sir,”hesaid.“Idon’tthinkwe’vemeteachotherbefore.Yourcarriage___35___(wait)foryou,isn’tit?”三、翻译句子（共3小题;每小题3分,满分9分）用括号内所给的单词或短语,将下列句子翻译成英语.36.人们常说，众口难调。(it’s...;satisfy)___________________________________37.自从两千多年前，诗歌就已经是中国文化的一部分了。(beapartof)___________________________________________38.艾灸(moxibustion)简单、有效(effective)，很多人能自己在家做。(so…that…)___________________________________________四、阅读表达（共5小题,满分16分;其中第43小题4分,其余每小题3分）阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。Inavillagenearadesertlivedayoungandsuccessfulbusinessman;namedJames.Butheoftenfeltunhappybecauseoftheendlesschallengeshefaced.Oneday,awiseoldmancametothevillagewith100camels.Jameswenttoseehimandsaid,“Ialwayshavebusinessworries,familytroublesandhealthproblems.Pleasetellmehowtomakethemdisappear.”Theoldmansmiledandsaid,“I’llgiveyouananswertomorrowmorning.Butfirst,canyoudoasmallthingforme?”Jamesagreed.Theoldmanaskedhimtotakecareofthe100camelsforthenight,makingsurethattheyallsatdownandrestedbeforehecouldgotosleep.Thenextmorning,theoldmanaskedJameshowhisnightwent.Jamessaidsadly,“Ididn’tsleepatall.NomatterhowhardItried,Icouldn’tgetallthecamelstosittogether.EvenifImanagedtogetsomecamelstositononeside,afewotherswouldstandontheotherside.”“That’strue.Asnoticedlastnight,somecamelssatdownontheirown,whileothersrequiredsomeeffort,andyetmanycamelsdidnotsitevenafterlotsofeffort.Ifyouhadcomebacklater,youwouldhaveseenthatsomeofthecamels,eventhoughtheydidn’tsitatfirst,finallysatdownontheirown,”theoldmansaid.Jamesnodded.Theoldmancontinued,“Problemsarejustlikecamels—someproblemsgetsolvedbythemselves,somegetsolvedwhenyouputinsomeeffort,andsomedonotgetsolvedevenafteryouhavetriedyourbest.Leavesuchproblemstotime.Attherighttime,theseproblemsthemselveswillcometoanend.”Jamesfeltasenseofunderstanding.Itcompletelychangedthewayhesawlife’schallenges.根据短文内容回答第3—5小题。39.WhatwasJameslike?Hewas________,________but________.(每空一词)40.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2referto?___________________________________________41.DidJamesfinishthesmallthing?Whydoyouthinkso?(15词以内)___________________________________________42TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.(将文中划线句子翻译成汉语)___________________________________________43.CompletethemindmapaccordingtoParagra