UNIT4重难知识点(备课件)高二英语系列（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand重难知识点1.arisevi.(arose,arisen)起身;出现;由……引起*(2019•全国卷Ⅲ)WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.虽然我只列出了两种,但显然还有许多其他可能出现的情况。*Accidentsoftenarisefromcarelessness.事故常起因于粗心。【词块积累】arisefrom/outof 由……引起/发生【易混辨析】arise,rise与raise易混词词性及词义例句arisevi.(arose,arisen)发生,出现;由……引起,产生Anewcrisishasarisen.新的危机已经出现。risevi.(rose,risen)上升,升起,增长Smokerosefromthechimney.烟从烟囱中升起。raisevt.(raised,raised)提高;举起;提出;筹集;饲养Heraisedthegunandfired.他举枪射击。【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Emotionalormentalproblemscanarise_____aphysicalcause.②Arethereanymatters______(arise)fromtheminutesofthelastmeeting?(2)选词填空(arise/rise/raise)①Themeetingwilldiscussthematters______fromtherecentchangesinthelaw.②Thesun____intheeastandsetsinthewest.③MoreTVprogramswillbeproduced_______people’sconcernoverfoodsafety.

fromarisingarisingrisestoraise2.boundadj.准备前往(某地);一定会*ThetrainisboundforChicago.这趟火车是开往芝加哥的。*Iamboundtosayyourabsencefromthemeetingwasunwise.我必须告诉你,你缺席会议是不明智的。【词块积累】boundfor 前往……的beboundtodosth. 一定会/很可能会……;有义务/有责任【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Iknowthattheplaneisbound___Beijing.②You’vedonesomuchworkthatyouarebound______(pass)theexam.

(2)Today,we___________________onaBoeing757.

今天,我们乘坐波音757飞往北京。fortopassareboundforBeijing3.sceneryn.风景;景色*(2020•全国Ⅲ卷)DiscovertheChinaof“pastages”,itswalledcities,templesandmountainscenerywithProf.RobertThorp.与罗伯特·索普教授一起探索中国“过去的时代”,它的城池、寺庙和山景。*(2020•全国Ⅲ卷)Ifyoudo,youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthatruinseveryone’sday.如果你这样做了,你将无法处理它,整个事情将发展成一个不愉快的场景,破坏每个人的一天。【易混辨析】scene指局部的、一眼可见全貌的风景或景色,不限于自然的风景,也常指(戏剧、电影、小说等的)场景、布景scenery指某一国家或某一地区的整体的自然风景,不可数名词sight指眼见的景色,如供人游览之地的“景”或“景色”,尤指人工制成的景,常用复数形式view主要指从某个位置或角度看到的景色【知识微练】选词填空(scenery/scene/sight/view)(1)Theteam’svictoryproduced______ofjoyalloverthecountry.(2)Intheafternoon,you’llhaveachancetorelaxandseethe_____ofParis.(3)Thetouristsoncamelscanenjoythe_______ofthedesert.(4)ThehigherIgot,themoreamazedIwasbythe____.

scenessightssceneryview4.freezingadj.极冷的;冰冻的*(2021·全国甲卷)Itwasanextremelycoldwinter’seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上,空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾。*Itwasfreezingcoldlastnight.昨天夜里极为寒冷。*Itwaswellbelowfreezingwhenweleft.我们离开时,气温已降到冰点以下了。【词块积累】(1)freezingcold 极为寒冷thefreezingpoint 冰点above/belowfreezing 零上/零下(2)frozen adj.

冷冻的,结冰的,冻僵的(3)freeze(froze,frozen) v.

结冰,冻结befrozentodeath 被冻死【知识微练】(1)语法填空①______(freeze)fooddoesharmtoyourhealth.②Theseplantsmustbestoredinthelightat______freezingtemperature.③Ona_______morningthelittlegirlwasfound______atthecornerofthestreet.(freeze)(2)Itwasverycoldlastyear;thetemperature_________________________________________(时不时地降到冰点).

(3)Thepipes__________(已经冻了),sowe’vegotnowater.

Frozenabovefreezingfrozendroppedtothefreezingpointfromtimetotimehavefrozen5.Thenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.第二天早上,两个女孩起得很早,坐火车去路易斯湖,途经加拿大的落基山脉。

【句式解构】

passingthroughtheCanadianRockies作arose的伴随状语,状语中动作passthrough与句子的谓语动词arose表示的动作同时发生。现在分词(短语)作方式或伴随状语,说明谓语动词所表示的动作发生的方式、背景或情况。分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生。作伴随状语时可以转换成并列成分。*Morrislayonthegrass,feelingdepressedaboutthiswholesituation.=Morrislayonthegrassandfeltdepressedaboutthiswholesituation.莫里斯躺在草地上,对整个情形感到沮丧。*Thetrampstoodbythedoor,notdaringtosayaword.=Thetrampstoodbythedoor,anddidn’tdaretosayaword.那个流浪汉站在门旁,不敢说一句话。【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Hecame_______(run)backtotellmethenews.②WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,______(tell)mestoriestillIfellasleep.③Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_______(leave)thebreakfastuntouched.(2)Theystoodthere,__________________.

他们站在那里又说又笑。runningtellingleavingtalkingandlaughing6.Itwasnotuntil9:30a.m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.

直到上午9点半,她们终于到达了安大略省的首府多伦多。【句式解构】对not...until...句式进行强调时,应将not一起放在被强调部分中,即Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。其中that后面的部分要用肯定式。*ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.直到我来到这里我才意识到这个地方不仅因为它的美丽而闻名,还因它的天气而闻名。【知识微练】(1)句式升级Thestudentsdidn’tcalmdownuntiltheteachercamein.→_____________theteachercamein____thestudentscalmeddown.

(2)Youmaystayhere___________________(直到雨停).

(3)Youcan’tseethroughthetelescope___________________________(调节到适合于你的目光).

Itwasnotuntilthatuntil/tilltherainstopsuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyes7.contraryadj.相反的;相对立的n.相反的事实(或事情)*(2020•新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions,it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.和现存研究的结论“你应该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭”相反,你真正需要避免接触的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人。*Showmesomeevidencetothecontrary.给我看看有什么相反的证据吧。【词块积累】contraryto 与……相反(形容词短语,可作定语、表语或状语)tothecontrary 相反的;相反地(相当于形容词或副词,起形容词作用时,作后置定语)onthecontrary 与此相反,正相反(在句中作状语)【知识微练】根据语境填入恰当的contrary短语(1)Mysister’stasteindress____________myown.

(2)Itwasn’tagoodthing;______________,itwasahugemistake.

(3)AlthoughBillwasgoingtothemovies,hetoldJoe_____________.

iscontrarytoonthecontrarytothecontrary8.anyhowadv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过;反正(也作anyway)*Iamafraidwecan’tcome,butthanksforyourinvitationanyhow.我恐怕我们来不了,不过还是感谢你的邀请。*(2020•浙江高考)ObviouslyDonhadsomehowmadethevehiclemove.显然,Don不知怎么把车子发动了起来。【词块积累】somehow adv.以某种方式;不知怎么地【知识微练】(1)选词填空(anyhow;somehow)①_________,Idon’tfeelIcantrusthim.②ThewaterwasverycoldbutItookashower_______.(2)___________________________today.

我今天无论如何要完成这项工作。(3)I’msorryIdidn’trecognizeyoujustnow.You____________________.

我很抱歉刚才没认出你来。不知怎么地,你看上去不一样了。SomehowanyhowAnyhowImustfinishthisjoblookdifferentsomehow9.astonishvt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊*Wewereastonishedtofindthetempleinitsoriginalcondition.我们惊讶地发现寺庙还是原来的样子。*TheyoungJubiladowasastonishedattheBajaubecausetheycouldstaylongunderwater.年轻的Jubilado对Bajau人感到惊讶,因为他们可以在水下待很长时间。*AfterItoldherthenews,shestaredatmeinastonishment.我把消息告诉她之后,她惊讶得睁大了眼睛盯着我。*Totheastonishmentofthepublic,uptonow,thegovernmenthasn’treactedtotheproblem.令公众惊讶的是,到目前为止,政府还没有对这个问题做出反应。【词块积累】beastonishedtodosth. 对做某事感到惊讶beastonishedat/by... 对……感到惊讶astonishment n.惊讶;惊异inastonishment 惊讶地;吃惊地【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Iwasastonished_____(see)himhere.

②Youlookastonished_____thenews.③Itis__________(astonish)tohearhimsayso.④___myastonishment,hewasthefirsttocome.toseeat/byastonishingTo(2)同义句改写Wewereastonishedthatheactuallyarrivedpunctually.①_________________wasthatheactuallyarrivedpunctually.(用what引导主语从句改写)

②______________thatheactuallyarrivedpunctually.(用it作形式主语改写)

WhatastonishedusItastonishedus10.owevt.欠(账、债、情等)*Youowemorethangoldtohimwhoisinfavourofyou.=Youowehimmorethangoldwhoisinfavourofyou.对于支持你的人,你欠他的不只是金子。*Heoweswhathehastodaytothereform.他把他今天所拥有的归功于改革。*IowedittoyouthatIgraspedtheopportunity.多亏你帮助我,我才抓住了这次机会。【词块积累】owesth.tosb./owesb. sth.欠某人某物【知识微练】(1)语法填空①Thecountryowesbillionsofdollars__foreigncreditors.②Hewasoutofwork______(owe)toaphysicalinjury.(2)_______________________(由于天气不好),wedidn’tgotothepark.

(3)Heaskedforhelpfromacolleaguewho________________(欠他一个人情).

toowingOwingtothebadweatherowedhimafavour11Standinginthedistance,theywereastonishedtoseemistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls,whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.

站在远处,她们惊讶地看到薄雾从湖南边