Unit2高一英语单元速记巧练（译林版2020）

Unit2【单元测试·提升卷】(满分：150分时间：120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowdidthewomanfeelduringthefirsttwodaysinThailand?A.Upset. B.Happy. C.Tired.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:How’syourholidayinThailand?W:Well,inthefirsttwodays,Iwenttomanyplacesofinterestandenjoyedmyself.However,IhadtostayatthehotelforthreerainydaysbeforeIwentback.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabookstore. B.Inashop. C.Inarestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’llpassonyourpraisetoourmanagerrightaway,sir.Don’tforgettotakeyourbookandthebagonthetablewithyou.M:Thanksforyourreminding.ThisFridayevening,we’llehereforthefish,whichisourfavorite.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydidthemangotoBeijinglastweekend?A.Tomeethisfriend. B.Todoshopping. C.Tohavelunch.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:LastweekendItookthetraintoBeijingtomeetmyfriendandheinvitedmetohavelunch.Howaboutyou?W:Iwenttheretoo.Ijustwentwindowshoppingwithmyfriends,butIdidn’tbuyanything.I’mtryingtosavemoney.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stherelationshipbetweenthewomanandFranklin?A.Colleagues. B.Classmates. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hey!George.Recognizeme?Mynameis...M:Oh!It’syou,Martha!Wewereinthesameclasswhenwewereinjuniorhighschool.OurheadteacherwasFrankLin.Soyouareworkinghereasamanager?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hehasbeenoutofjob.B.Hedislikeshispresentjob.C.Herefusesthejoboffered.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howarethings?M:Notthatgreat.I’mlookingforanewjobactually.W:Really?That’sashame.M:Iknow.Ireallylikedthatjob.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdidthewomanusetogotowork?A.Bybus. B.Bycar. C.Onfoot.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Savingtrafficfares. B.Protectingtheearth. C.Ridingthebus.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Claire.Howisridingthebus?W:Itiseasy.Catchingthebusandtransferringisnoproblem.M:Howlongdoesittaketogettoschool?W:Itonlytakes30minutes.Inthepast,Iwoulddrivetowork,anditsometimestooklongerthanthat.Andofcourseitcostmuchmore.M:Sowillyouridethebusallthetime?W:Yes,Iwill.Itisalsoenvironmentfriendly.Allofusshouldhaveatry.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhyisKategoingtothelibrary?A.Toborrowsomepoetrybooks.B.TowritepoemsaboutAmerica.C.Togetsomethingforherpaper.9.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hewentoutwithhismother.B.Hesawthesciencefictionfilm.C.HewenttotheOdeonCinema.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,Kate.Whereareyouheading?W:Hi,there.I’mgoingtothelibrarytolookupsomeinformationaboutpoetry.Youknow,I’vebeenwritingapaperaboutAmericanpoetryrecently.M:Oh,great!Bytheway,theOdeonCinemaisshowingasciencefictionfilmat6:30pmtomorrow.Wouldyouliketoeandseeit?W:Yes,ofcourse!Ienjoywatchingthesemovies.M:OK.Canwemeetat5:30pm?We’llbeabletobuysnacksandhavesomecoffeeatthecoffeeshopnearthecinema.LastweekendIwenttotheshopwhenIacpaniedmymothertodoshopping.W:Greatidea!Thankyoufortheinvitation.Seeyoutomorrow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatclassdoesthewomantake?A.English. B.Spanish. C.Art.11.Howmanytimesaweekdoesthemangotoschool?A.Once. B.Twice. C.Threetimes.12.Wheredoesthewomanworkonweekends?A.Atthelibrary. B.Atthegrocerystore. C.Atthezoo.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【解析】【原文】M:Sohowareyoudoing?W:Good.Doyoustudyhere?M:Yes,I’vebeenlearningSpanishandtakinganartclass.Whataboutyou?W:IamtakinganEnglishclass.Howmanytimesaweekdoyougotoschool?M:Well,IusuallygotoschoolonMondaysandWednesdays.Howoftendoyougotoschool?W:Ialwaysgothreetimesaweek,onMonday,TuesdayandFriday.Isometimesstudyatthelibraryontheweekendevening.M:Wheredoyouwork?W:Iworkatthegrocerystoreontheweekend.Whatareyoudoing?M:I’mworkingatthelibraryontheweekendmorningandvolunteeringatthezoointheafternoon.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheknewnothingabouttheband.B.Shewantstojointheband,too.C.Shewasamemberoftheband.14.Howoldwasthemanwhenhestartedtoplaybaseguitar?A.15. B.16. C.2115.Wheredoesthemanusuallyplaymusic?A.Inthecitytheatres. B.Onthetownsquare. C.Inlocalclubs.16.Whydoesthemanjointheband?A.Tomakemoney. B.Tohavefun. C.Tomeetstars.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Iheardyouhavejoinedaband?M:Yeah.W:Couldyoutellmesomethingabouttheband?M:Well,it’scalledSwedishBubblegumPunkBand.W:Oh?I’veneverheardofitbefore.Whatexactlyisthat?M:Idon’tknow,butpeoplealwayscallitlikethis.W:OK,soundsinteresting.Whatdoyouplayinyourband?M:Baseguitar.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenplayingit?M:Well,whenIwas15,Ibeganplayingtheviolinandoneyearlater,Ilearnttoplaybaseguitar.Ifounditsoappealing.I’veplayeditforfiveyears.W:I’msureyouwillbeagreatrockstar.Arethereanyotherinstrumentsyoucanplay?M:Ofcourse,erhu,aChinesemusicalinstrument.W:Wow,sonice!Doyoutourordoyoujustplaywhereyoulive?M:Wellmostoftime,weplayinlocalclubs,sometimesonthecitysquareandsometimesinthelocaltheatres.W:What’sthebestthingaboutbeingamusicianintheband?M:Well,thoughIcangetpaidsometimesandoftenmeetfamousstars,Idoitjustforfunandrelaxation.Afterall,playingmusicismyhobby,notmyfulltimejob.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Wherewilltheclassicalconcerttakeplace?A.InBuilding1. B.Inagallery. C.InBuilding2.18.WhatisLarryHiggins?A.Amusician. B.Apainter. C.Awriter.19.WhenwillVictoriapresentherpictures?A.At12. B.At3pm. C.At5pm.20.Whateventwillbeheldat4pm?A.Theclassicalconcert. B.Theshowforchildren. C.Themodernartexhibition.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】WeletotheannualFestivalofWesternArt.Thefestivalwillstartat3pmwiththeclassicalconcertwheretheviolinistsfromdifferentcountriesofEasternEuropewillperformarangeofworksofclassicalmusic.Ifyouwishtoattendthisconcert,pleasegotothesecondfloorofBuilding1at2:45pm.Nolateersareadmitted.Forthoseofyouinterestedinliterature,LarryHigginswillbereadinghisownworksfrom5o'clockonward.Besideshisbestknownshortstories,todayMr.Higginswillreadsomeofhisfavoriteabstracts.Youwillbeabletobuycopiesofhisstoriesatthebookshop.Ifpaintingisyourinterest,youmayvisitthemodernartexhibition.ThereatnoonafamouspainterVictoriaSerebryanskawillpresentherpictures.VisitorsinterestedinmeetingVictoriaSerebryanskashouldgotothefarendofthegallery.Theshowforchildrenwhichwillincludespecialchildrenentertainmentofmusic,danceanddramaisgoingtostartat4pminthehallofBuilding2.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（江苏省金湖中学、洪泽中学等六校20212022学年高一下学期期中大联考英语试题）SHARKCONSERVATIONINSOUTHAFRICATakeatwoweektripthatyouwillneverforgetasavolunteerwithsharksonabeautifulstretchofSouthAfrica’scoastline.Headouttoseatowitnessoneoftheworld’smostpowerful(andmostmisunderstood)creaturesonthisinspiringproject,enjoyingwatchingthemfrombothaboveandbelowwater.TheDAYBYDAYscheduleDay1:ArriveinCapeTownonaSunday.Youwillbecollectedfromtheairportandspendyourfirstnightinaguesthouseinthecitycentre.Day2:Youwillbecollectedbrightandearlyfromtheguesthouseandtakendowntotheproject.Thedrivetakesabout90minutes.Youwillreceiveaweleandheadouttoseatowitnessyourfirstsharks!Day3+:Mostdaysyouwillbeoutontheboatwiththesharks,dependingonweather.Helpoutwiththefullrangeoftasksontheboats,andinconservationinitiativesonlandtoo.Lastday:OnthefinaldayofyourprojectyouwillbetakenbacktoCapeTownforyouronwardtravel.Thepriceis£829,includingthevoluntaryworkprogrammewithacmodations,airporttransfers,onenightinaguesthouseinCapeTown,breakfastsdailyandluncheswhenontheboats.Yourtripcanbeextendedatacostof£375perweek.Itisanamazingexperience!Somevolunteersplannedtostayfor4weeks,extendedto6weeksandstilldidn’twanttoehome.Ifyou’dliketochataboutthisholidayorneedhelp,we’reveryhappytohelp.Callusat01273823700.Emailusat.1.Whenwillyoureallybeginyoursharkwatchingtrip?A.OnaFriday. B.OnaSaturday.C.OnaSunday. D.OnaMonday.2.Whatwillyouprobablydoonthethirddayifweatherpermits?A.Sailontheocean.B.ReturntoCapeTown.C.Buysomesouvenirs.D.Divewithsharks.3.Howmuchwillyouspendonathreeweeksharkconservationtrip?A.£375. B.£750. C.£829. D.£1,204.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期二周的鲨鱼保护之旅的具体安排和活动细节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheDAYBYDAYschedule中“Day1:ArriveinCapeTownonaSunday.(星期天到达开普敦。)

”和“Day2:Youwillreceiveaweleandheadouttoseatowitnessyourfirstsharks!(您将受到欢迎，并出海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！)”可知，周日到达观测鲨鱼的地方，第二天看到第一条鲨鱼。由此可知，在这次观测鲨鱼之旅的日程安排中，周一可以开始观测鲨鱼之旅。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Day3+:Mostdaysyouwillbeoutontheboatwiththesharks,dependingonweather.(第三天以后:根据天气情况，大部分时间你会和鲨鱼一起出海。)”可知，如果天气情况许可，第三天你海上航行观测鲨鱼。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Takeatwoweektrip…”和倒数第四段“Thepriceis£829,includingthevoluntaryworkprogrammewithacmodations,

airporttransfers,onenightinaguesthouseinCapeTown,breakfastsdailyandluncheswhenontheboats.Yourtripcanbeextendedatacostof£375perweek.(价格为829英镑，包括志愿工作计划，包括住宿、机场接送、在开普敦的宾馆住一晚、每天早餐和船上午餐。您的旅行可以延长，每周费用为375英镑。)可知，因为这是一个两周的旅行项目，所以为期三周的鲨鱼保护之旅，你需要支付：£829+£375=£1204。故选D。B（江苏省淮安市淮安区20212022学年高一下学期期中调研测试英语试卷）Shewearsmanybutterflyclips(蝴蝶夹子)inherhair—eachuniqueinsizeandcolor.Therearebutterflywingdesignsonherclothes.Herwheelchairislinedwithbutterflystickers.Nowonderthe73yearoldParalympic(残奥会的)personKimieBesshoisknownasthe“ButterflyLady.”Bessho,bornin1947,grewupinHiroshima,Japan,inahouseatthetopofamountain.Oneofeightchildren,Besshosaysshewasafastrunnerwithstronglegsthatallowedhertocrosshillstogettoschooleachday.Shelovedvolleyballandskiingfromayoungage.Butwhenshewas38,herhusbandfellillanddied.Besshowasleftshockedandunabletofindthestrengthtogotowork.Whenshewasfinallystartingtomoveon,herlegswereunabletofeeloractnormally.Twoyearsafterherhusband’sdeath,shewasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancer.Thetreatmentleftherparalyzed(瘫痪的).YetBesshodidn’tgiveup.Sheattendedaschoolthatteachesthedisabledhowtodrive—drivingthecaronlywithherhands.Atagymnearthedrivingschool,shereadaboutParalympicsports.Itinspiredhertotakeuptabletennistohelpwithrecovery.Fiveyearsafterbeingparalyzed,atage45,Besshobeganplayingthesport.By56,shewasplayinginherfirstParalympicGames.“Ibecamedisabled,butIwasalsogivenagreatgift—toplaywheelchairtabletennis.”Butin2018,afterherfourthParalympics,Besshosufferedanothermisfortune:shewasinjuredintwoseriouscaraccidents.Inthefirst,acarhitherasshewasoutinthecity,injuringherarmsandhands.Inthesecond,atruckhitthebackofhercar,hospitalizingherforsevenmonths.ButBesshoknowsshewon’tgivein.“I’vebeenthroughsomanyhardtimes,”Besshosays.“Ihavedealtwithsomanythings.Iamstrong.Ihaveafightingspiritinme.”4.WhyisBesshocalledthe“ButterflyLady”?A.Sheraisesuniquebutterflies.B.Shelikesbutterflyrelatedthings.C.Shedesignsclothesinspiredbybutterflies.D.Sheregardsbutterfliesasanimageofgoodluck.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutyoungBessho?A.Shelivedinacitycenter. B.Shewasaloverofsports.C.Shewasgoodattabletennis. D.Shewasinjuredinanaccident.6.WhatdidBesshoexperienceaftershewasunabletowalk?A.Shesufferedfromcancer. B.Shelostherlovinghusband.C.Shelearnedtodriveinaschool. D.Shedevelopedaninterestinvolleyball.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBessho?A.Warmandgenerous. B.Calmandconfident.C.Positiveandbrave. D.Helpfulandpatient.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了残奥会选手KimieBessho的经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Shewearsmanybutterflyclips(蝴蝶夹子)inherhair—eachuniqueinsizeandcolor.Therearebutterflywingdesignsonherclothes.Herwheelchairislinedwithbutterflystickers.(她的头发上有许多蝴蝶发夹——每一个大小和颜色都不一样。她的衣服上有蝴蝶翅膀的图案。她的轮椅上贴满了蝴蝶贴纸。)”可知，Bessho被称为“蝴蝶夫人”，因为她喜欢与蝴蝶有关的东西。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Shelovedvolleyballandskiingfromayoungage.(她从小就喜欢排球和滑雪。)”可知，她是一个运动爱好者。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Sheattendedaschoolthatteachesthedisabledhowtodrive—drivingthecaronlywithherhands.(她参加了一所专门教残疾人开车的学校——只用手开车。)”可知，她在不能走路后在学校里学会了开车。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Twoyearsafterherhusband’sdeath,shewasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancer.Thetreatmentleftherparalyzed(瘫痪).(丈夫去世两年后，她被诊断出患有癌症。治疗使她瘫痪。)”、文章第三段“YetBesshodidn’tgiveup.Sheattendedaschoolthatteachesthedisabledhowtodrive—drivingthecaronlywithherhands.Atagymnearthedrivingschool,shereadaboutParalympicsports.Itinspiredhertotakeuptabletennistohelpwithrecovery.(但Bessho并没有放弃。她参加了一所专门教残疾人开车的学校——只用手开车。在驾校附近的一个健身房，她读到了有关残奥会的运动。这激励她开始打乒乓球来帮助康复。)”、文章倒数第二段“Butin2018,afterherfourthParalympics,Besshosufferedanothermisfortune:shewasinjuredintwoseriouscaraccidents.(但在2018年，在她第四次参加残奥会后，Bessho遭遇了另一场不幸：她在两起严重的车祸中受伤。)”以及文章最后一段“ButBesshoknowsshewon’tgivein.“I’vebeenthroughsomanyhardtimes,”Besshosays.“Ihavedealtwithsomanythings.Iamstrong.Ihaveafightingspiritinme.”(但Bessho知道她不会屈服。贝肖说：“我经历了很多艰难的时刻。“我经历了太多的事情。我是坚强的。我有战斗的精神。”)”可知，主人公在经历生活中的磨难之后没有放弃自己，反而乐观面对生活，因此她是积极的，也是勇敢的。故选C。C（江苏省南京师范大学附属中学20212022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题）Beingmulticulturalhasmanybenefits,includingbeingabletofindinspirationfromdifferentpeopleandplacesaroundtheworld.LaalityaAcharya,18,fromOhio,US,gottheideatodevelopawaytodetectwhenwateriscontaminated(受污染的)aftervisitingherfamily’shomeinIndia.Acharyahasalwaysbeeninvolvedinscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics(STEM),petinginmanypetitionsaroundtheworld,includingthe3MYoungScientistChallenge.Lastyear,shewasevenhonoredwithaCocaColascholarshipforherefforts.Hermostinfluentialproject,however,isNereid,thenamegiventoherwatercontaminationdetectiondevice.Shemadethedeviceonherownwithvariouspartsanda3Dprinter.Itusesnanotechnology(纳米技术)totakemicroscopic(微小的)picturesofwater,whicharethenexaminedtodetermineifcontaminationispresent.Totestherdevice,shecreatedherowncontaminatedwatersamplesandparedthemtocleanwatersamples.Acharyausedaneuralnetwork(神经网络),anAIthatworksinasimilarwaytothehumanbrainandcandetectpatternsindata.Themicrobes(细菌)thatmakewaterdirtyhaveuniqueshapesandsizes,andtheneuralnetworkcanrecognizeanddifferentiatebetweenthemicrobes.Allofthisispossibleforlessthan$100!Shehopesherdevicewillmakeiteasierandlesscostlytodetectwaterthatisnotfitforconsumption.AcharyatoldCincinnatiEnquirer:“ingfromaplaceofprivilegeintheUnitedStates,Ididn’tunderstandhowbigofanissuethisisuntilIsawitfirsthand.Weareabletoturnonatapandevendrinkwaterdirectlyfromthere.Butthat’snotthesituationforpeopleallacrosstheworld.”TheNereidprojectnotonlyfocusesonwaystoresolvethewatercrisis,butalsoholdsvirtualworkshopsandeducationalsummitsforyoungpeoplewhowanttolearnmoreandbepartofthesolution.AcharyawantstobreakthestigmaaroundSTEM,saying:”Scienceandscientificexperimentationisnotalinear(直线型的)process.Itisawebbedpathwaythattakesyouthroughmanydifferentroutesbeforeyougettotheend.”Scienceisforeveryoneanddoesn’thavetobeseenastoughorscary.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutAcharyafromthepassage?A.ShestudiesandlivesinIndia.B.ShehasstartedseveralSTEMpetitions.C.Shereceivedanawardforherhardwork.D.Sheoncewonthe3MYoungScientistChallenge.9.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutNereid?A.ItissponsoredbyCocaCola.B.Ithelpscleanthecontaminatedwater.C.ItwasmadebyateamledbyAcharya.D.Itcantakemicroscopicpicturesofwater.10.Nereidrecognizesmicrobesthatpollutewaterbyusing________.A.a3Dprinter B.amicroscope C.nanotechnology D.aneuralnetwork11.Inthelastparagraph,whichopiniondoes“thestigmaaroundSTEM”referto?A.Scienceisfortalentedyoungpeople.B.Scienceistoodifficultforustoexplore.C.Scientificresearchisextremelycostly.D.Scientificexperimentationisexhausting.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【解析】本文为一篇新闻报道。来自美国俄亥俄州的18岁的LaalityaAcharya开发了一个可以识别污染水的微生物的设备Nereid，文章介绍了研发这个设备的起因，工作原理以及这个项目的意义。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Lastyear,shewasevenhonoredwithaCocaColascholarshipforherefforts.(去年，她甚至因自己的努力获得了可口可乐奖学金。)”可知，阿查里雅因自身努力而得了奖。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。第三段前三句“Hermostinfluentialproject,however,isNereid,thenamegiventoherwatercontaminationdetectiondevice.Shemadethedeviceonherownwithvariouspartsanda3Dprinter.Itusesnanotechnology(纳米技术)totakemicroscopic(微小的)picturesofwater,whicharethenexaminedtodetermineifcontaminationispresent.(然而，她最具影响力的项目是Nereid，这是她的水污染检测设备的名字。她用各种零件和3D打印机自己制作了这个设备。它使用纳米技术拍摄水的微观照片，然后检查这些照片以确定是否存在污染。)”可知，Nereid是一台使用纳米技术拍摄水的微观照片的设备。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。第三段第五句开始“Acharyausedaneuralnetwork(神经网络),anAIthatworksinasimilarwaytothehumanbrainandcandetectpatternsindata.Themicrobes(细菌)thatmakewaterdirtyhaveuniqueshapesandsizes,andtheneuralnetworkcanrecognizeanddifferentiatebetweenthemicrobes.(阿查里亚使用了一个神经网络，这是一种工作方式与人类大脑类似的人工智能，可以检测数据中的模式。使水变脏的微生物有独特的形状和大小，神经网络可以识别和区分这些微生物。)”可知，Nereid通过名叫“神经网络”的人工智能才识别污染水的微生物。故选D项。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线词所在句“AcharyawantstobreakthestigmaaroundSTEM,saying:‘Scienceandscientificexperimentationisnotalinear(直线型的)process.Itisawebbedpathwaythattakesyouthroughmanydifferentroutesbeforeyougettotheend.’Scienceisforeveryoneanddoesn’thavetobeseenastoughorscary.(阿查里亚希望打破围绕STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)的污名，她说：科学和科学实验不是一个线性的过程。这是一个网状的路径，在你到达终点之前，它会带你走过许多不同的路线。”科学是为每个人准备的，不需要被视为艰难或可怕。)”可知，阿查里亚告知大家：科学并不艰难或可怕，所以短语thestigmaaroundSTEM，应指代其反义：STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)很是艰难可怕，故选B项。D（江苏省连云港高级中学20212022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷）Thereare195countriesintheworldtodaybutalmostnoneofthemhavepurpleontheirnationalflag.Sowhat’swrongwithpurple?It’ssuchapopularcolortoday.Whywouldnocountryuseitintheirflag?Theanswerisreallyquitesimple.Purplewasjustfortooexpensive.Thecolorpurplehasbeenassociatedwithroyaltypowerandwealthforcenturies.QueenElizabethIforbadeanyoneexceptclosemembersoftheroyalfamilytowearit.Purple’shighstatusesfromtherarityandcostofthedye(染料)originallyusedtoproduceit.Fabrictradersgotthedyefromasmallseasnail(海螺)thatwasonlyfoundintheTyreregionoftheMediterranean.Morethan10,000snailswereneededtocreatejustonegramofpurple;nottomentionalotofworkwentintoproducingthedye,whichmadepurpledyesoexpensive.Sinceonlywealthyrulerscouldaffordtobuyandwearthecolor,itbecameassociatedwiththeroyalfamily.Sometimes,however,thedyewastooexpensiveevenforroyalty.ThirdcenturyRomanEmperorAureliofamouslywouldn’tallowhiswifetobuyascarfmadefrompurplesilkbecauseitcostthreetimesitsweightingold.Asinglepoundofdyecostthreepoundsofgold,whichequals56,000dollarstoday.Therefore,eventherichestcountriescouldn’tspendthatmuchhavingpurpleontheirflags.Thedyebecamemoreaccessibletolowerclassaboutacenturyandahalfago.In1856,18yearoldEnglishchemistWilliamHenryPerkinaccidentallycreatedamanmadepurplepound(化合物)whileattemptingtoproduceanantimalariadrug.Henoticedthatthepoundcouldbeusedtodyefabrics,sohepatentedthedye,manufactureditandgotrich.Purpledyewasthenmassproducedsoeverybodycouldaffordit.Tillnow,ahandfulofnewnationalflagshavebeendesignedandafewofthemhavechosentousepurpleintheirflag.Sodon’tbemakinganybetsjustyet.12.Whywascolorpurpleexpensiveinthepast?A.Becauseonlyroyalfamilieswereallowedtowearpurple.B.Becauseittookalongtimetogetpurpledyefromgold.C.Becausepurplewasworthasmuchasitsweightingold.D.Becausepurpledyeusedtoberareandhardtoproduce.13.WhydidRomanEmperorAurelioforbidhiswifetobuyapurplescarf?A.Becauseofpoorquality. B.Becauseoflongtradition.C.Becauseofbadtaste. D.Becauseofhighprice.14.Whatispurple'ssituationnow?A.Purplehasbeenwidelyusedonnationalflags.B.Purpledyeisnowaffordabletoordinarypeople.C.Royalfamilystopusingpurplebecauseit’stoomon.D.Fewersnailsareusedtoproducepurpledyethanbefore.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NoPurpleFlags? B.PurplevsGoldC.HowtoProducePurpleDye? D.TheBirthofPurpleColor【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了几乎没有哪个国家的国旗上有紫色，引出紫色价格昂贵。然后分析紫色的发展，但在科学家的努力下，终于使紫色变得普通化和大众化。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Morethan10,000snailswereneededtocreatejustonegramofpurple;nottomentionalotofworkwentintoproducingthedye,whichmadepurpledyesoexpensive.”（面料商人从地中海的提尔地区发现的小海螺得到了这种染料。仅仅制造一克紫色，就需要超过10,000只蜗牛。更不用说生产这种染料需要的大量工作。这让紫色价格昂贵）可知过去紫色很贵是因为紫色染料过去很稀有，很难生产。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“ThirdcenturyRoman…becauseitcostthreetimesitsweightingold.Asinglepoundofdyecostthreepoundsofgold,whichequals56,000dollarstoday.”（罗马皇帝不允许妻子购买紫色丝绸制成的围巾，因为它的重量是黄金的三倍。一磅染料要花三磅金，今天就等于56,000美元）可知罗马皇帝Aurelio禁止他的妻子买紫色围巾是因为其昂贵的价格。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段和最后一段，“Purpledyewasthenmassproducedsoeverybodycouldaffordit.”（紫色现在被大量生产，每个人都可以负担的起）可知现在普通人也能买得起紫色染料了。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thereare195countriesintheworldtodaybutalmostnoneofthemhavepurpleontheirnationalflag…Theanswerisreallyquitesimple.Purplewasjustfortooexpensive.”可知，开篇讲195个国家几乎很少国旗上有紫色，引出紫色价格昂贵，然后分析紫色的发展。A项“没有紫色的国旗”概括文章主题又用反问句吸引读者，最适合作文章标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（江苏省天一中学20212022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题）CostaRicahasalongstandingmitment(投入)totheenvironment.____16____Ithasdoubleditsforestcoveracrossthecountryinthelast30years.Inthe1940s,morethanthreequartersofthecountrywascoveredinmostlyrainforestsandotherwoodlands.Then,betweenthe1940sand1980s,heavy,uncontrolledlogging(伐木)ledtoseriousdeforestation(滥伐).____17____Realizingthegreatdamagethatwashappening,governmentofficialstookastand.Throughacontinuedenvironmentalfocus,theywereabletotumthingsaroundtothepointthattodayforestcoverhasincreasedto52%,whichisdoublethatof1983levels.ThatforestcoverisabletotakeinahugeamountofCO2fromtheatmosphere,fightingclimatechangeforusall.____18____Thegovernmentencourageslandownerstoprotectthelandthroughcashpaymentsiftheysigncontracts(合同)withtheMinistryofEnvironment.Thesecontractsallowthelandownerstotakeonlyacertainnumberoftreesfromtheforest,andalsorequirethattheycontinueplantingtreesinthedeforestedareas.____19____RobertBlasiak,aresearcherattheUniversityofTokyo,said,“TakingacloserlookatwhatCostaRicahasachievedinthepast30yearsmaybejustthedrivingforceneededtomakerealchangeallovertheworld.”ThatisexactlywhattheCostaRicanleadershopetoachieve.____20____TheCostaRicanPresidenthascalledtheclimatecrisis(危机)“thegreatesttaskofourgeneration”;onethathiscountryisstronglymittedto.A.Thatisexactlywhatwe’vebeendoing.B.By1983,only26%ofthecountryhadforestcover.C.Ithasdealtwiththeproblemofdeforestationeffectively.D.Theywanttoencourageothernationstofollowtheirexample.E.Itisnotjustadvancedforitstimebutisalsoinparableintheworld.F.Thesepaymentsarefundedbythecountryandthroughinternationaldonations.G.Thecountryhasestablishedprogramsforlandownerstakingpartinreforestation.【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.F20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了哥斯达黎加关注环境，通过努力，实现了对森林的保护，在过去的30年里，全国的森林覆盖率翻了一番。【16题详解】上文“CostaRicahasalongstandingmitment(投入)totheenvironment.(哥斯达黎加对环境有着长期的承诺。)”和下文“Ithasdoubleditsforestcoveracrossthecountryinthelast30years.(在过去的30年里，全国的森林覆盖率翻了一番。)”说明哥斯达黎加对环境的承诺是有关森林的，选项C“它有效地解决了森林砍伐问题。”承上启下，说明哥斯达黎加实现承诺，有效地解决了森林砍伐的问题。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Then,betweenthe1940sand1980s,heavy,uncontrolledlogging(伐木)ledtoseriousdeforestation(滥伐).(然后，在20世纪40年代到80年代之间，大量不受控制的砍伐导致了严重的森林滥伐。)”说明那些年哥斯达黎加出现了森林滥伐的现象，选项B“到1983年，全国只有26%的森林覆盖。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，说明了森林滥伐造成的后果。故选B项。【18题详解】下文“Thegovernmentencourageslandownerstoprotectthelandthroughcashpaymentsiftheysigncontracts(合同)withtheMinistryofEnvironment.(政府鼓励土地所有者与环境部签订合同，以现金方式保护土地。)”介绍了政府采用了一系列保护措施，选项G“该国为参与重新造林的土地所有者制定了计划。”所为本段首句，概括本段主题，说明该国制定了保护森林的计划。故选G项。【19题详解】上文“Thegovernmentencourageslandownerstoprotectthelandthroughcashpaymentsiftheysigncontracts(合同)withtheMinistryofEnvironment.(政府鼓励土地所有者与环境部签订合同，以现金方式保护土地。)”说明保护森林是国家行为，政府鼓励，选项F“这些款项由国家提供资金并通过国际捐助。”承接上文，说明这些资金由国家和政府想办法提供。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“ThatisexactlywhattheCostaRicanleadershopetoachieve.(这正是哥斯达黎加领导人希望实现的目标。)”说明哥斯达黎加在保护森林方面卓有成效，选项D“他们想鼓励其他国家以他们为榜样。”承接上文，说明他们想鼓励其他国家也这样做，引出下文“TheCostaRicanPresidenthascalledtheclimatecrisis(危机)‘thegreatesttaskofourgeneration’;onethathiscountryisstronglymittedto.(哥斯达黎加总统称气候危机是‘我们这一代最伟大的任务’；这是他的国家坚定致力于的。)”说明这样做的原因，因为气候危机是全球的问题，是这一代领袖的任务。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（江苏省泰州中学20212022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题）Iwasanavid(热衷的)listmaker.Ithoughtthelistswouldhelpmefinishthingsmore____21___sothatIwouldhavemyown___22____eachday.Instead,Ifelttiredallthetime,anditwashardtofallasleepasImentally____23____mytodolistforthenex