Lesson4教材衔接事物事理类说明文与新事物类说明文科普介绍与新兴事物2024初升高英语（2020牛津译林专用）

Lesson4教材衔接+Lesson4教材衔接+事物事理类说明文与新事物类说明文——科普介绍与新兴事物Step1：知识积累之听力填词训练Duringthehourlonglunchtime,Iateintheschooldininghall.Therewerelotsofoptionsincludingbreadandbutter,chickenpieandpuddings,butIstillmissedmymum’scooking!Afterlunch,Ioftenplayedontheschool’shugesportsfieldwithDanielandhisfriends.Sometimeswejustrelaxedunderatreeorsatonthegrass.Afterschool,thereweremanyclubstojoin.TheonethatattractedmemostwastheRugbyClub.Weplayedonceaweek,anditwasgreatfun.Also,IenjoyedactingintheTheatreClub.IstillhavephotosofmyselfactinginWilliamShakespeare’sAMidsummerNight’sDream.JoiningclubswasagreatwaytomeetBritishstudentsandmakefriendswiththem.Iamgladtohavetheopportunitytoexperiencethisdifferentwayoflife.ImetsomegreatpeopleandlearntalotaboutschoollifeintheUK.Danielandhisfamilywerefantastichosts,andhisfriendswereveryniceaswell.Ican’twaitforDanieltovisitChina!词汇及短语归纳总结optionn.可选择的事物，选择;选修课buttern.黄油puddingn.甜点;布丁attractvt.吸引，使喜爱;招引;引起(反应)rugbyn.橄榄球运动calligraphyn.书法，书法艺术opportunityn.时机，机会experiencen.经历，往事；经验，阅历；传统v.经历，遭遇；体会到，感受到fantasticadj.极好的，非常棒的；极大的，极高的；不切实际的，异想天开的；奇异的，怪诞的sportsfield运动场：一个平坦的土地区域，用于举办体育赛事。SectionA—初高衔接小题练Step2：阅读技能事物事理类说明文与新事物类说明文——科普介绍与新兴事物SectionA—初高衔接小题练PassageAInthedemonstration(示范)videoofthedevices.twodancersareperformingwiththeroboticarmsontheirbacks.Thehumansandmachinesmovetogetherintheperformance.Thedancersetogetherandmoveinsimilarwayseitherleadingorfollowingtherobotarms.Inamisaidsomewearersgrowattached(依恋的)tothearmsaftersometime.“Takingthemoffafterusingthemforawhilefeelsalittlesad.That'swherethey'realittledifferenttoothertools."hesaid.1.Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?A.Thetwodancersmoveindifferentways.B.Someusersformattachmenttothearms.C.Gettingusedtothearmsneedsalongtime.D.Thewearersthinkthearmsaresimilartoothertools.参考答案：1.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“somewearersgrowattachedtothearmsaftersometime”可知，有些佩戴者在使用一段时间后会对机械臂产生依恋。PassageBAnnaHoggoftheUniversityofLeedsinBritainwasoneoftheresearchers.Whenspeakingaboutthedroppingice,shesaid,"It'sgoingtotaketensofyearsforthedroppingicetorecover(恢复).There'snomethodtoreplaceit."Shetoldagroupofreporters,“Itwillcertainlytakealongtime,evenifit'spossible.”2.WhatdoesAnnaHoggtrytotellusinParagraph3?A.Itispossibletoreplaceseaice.B.Itisdifficultforseaicetorecover.C.Itisimpossibleforseaicetorecover.D.Itisimportanttoreplaceseaice.参考答案：2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It'sgoingtotaketensofyearsforthedroppingicetorecover.There'snomethodtoreplaceit."可知，这些海冰需要数十年才能恢复，没有办法取代这些海冰。由此可知，海冰很难恢复。PassageCThesystemiscalledATLAS.ItcansearchthewholeskyseveraltimeseachnightlookingforNearEarthObjects(NEOs,近地天体）.WhentheyenterEarth'satmosphere(大气层），mostoftheNEOswillburnupbeforereachingtheplanet'ssurface.ButscientistsareworriedaboutlargerNEOsupto50metersinsize.Suchobjectscouldbringharmfulresultstoareastheyhit.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutNEOs?A.MostofthemarenotriskytoEarth.B.Mostofthemareharmfultoourplanet.C.Mostofthemareover50metersinsize.D.Mostofthemcan'tbeseenbytelescopes.参考答案：3.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“WhentheyenterEarth'satmosphere,mostoftheNEOswillburnupbeforereachingtheplanet'ssurface.”可知，当近地天体进入地球大气层时，大多数近地天体在到达地球表面之前都会燃烧殆尽。所以大多数近地天体对地球没有危险。SectionSectionB—题型及知识讲解1：何为事物事理类说明文说明文分为事物说明文和事理说明文两大类。但是，有时在一篇说明文中，介绍事物与阐释事理往往是交错使用的。事物事理类说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。它通过揭示概念来说明事物特征、本质及其规律性。说明文一般介绍事物的形状、构造、类别、关系、功能，解释事物的原理、成因、特点、演变等。2：概念（1）事物说明文的说明对象是具体事物。通过对具体事物的形状、构造、性质、特点、用途等作客观而准确的说明，使读者了解、认识这个或这类事物。（2）事理说明文的说明对象是某个抽象事理。事物说明文是对事物进行详细介绍的文体形式,而事理说明文是对道理进行详细介绍的文体形式.区别是前者针对事物,后者针对道理。3：说明方法★分类法（byclassification）★比较法（byparison）★举例法（byexample）★程序法（byprocess）★因果法（bycauseandeffect）★定义法（bydefinition）★时序法（byfollowingtheorderoftime）★重要性法（byimportance,）★分析原因法（byanalyzingcause）★引入数据或研究（byusingdataormentioningsomestudies）★描述法（bydescription）4：解题重点关注正确选项与说明对象密切相关没有明显转折;看段首段尾有转折;递进;实际上:有因果;看转折递进因果之后内容5：何为新事物类说明文——对于新兴事物的科普介绍；涵盖新观点；新科技；新技术6：两点基本认识1、新事物一定具有旧事物不可比拟的优越性。也许新事物暂时并不完美，但是它一定有更好的发展潜力，也会在未来对我们的生活带来积极的改变。2、新事物一定会和旧事物长期共存。任何新旧交替都不能在短期内一蹴而就，而是需要漫长的人们了解、认知、熟悉、接受的过程。所以断言新事物一定取代旧事物是不合理的，即便新事物比旧事物优越很多。7：明显标志词在文章看到这些时候，你要有基本的意识，这篇文章可能是新事物类说明文。用于体现“新”的：new、uptodate、inthenearfuture…用于体现“发明革新”的：invention、innovation…用于体现“梦想成真”的：dreamestrue、dreamturnsintoreality…用于体现“旧”与“新”进行对比的：old、traditional、conventional…8：新事物类说明文最重要的内容1、新事物是什么？2、相较于旧事物，新事物有什么作用和优越性？3、新事物目前有什么局限性需要日后不断改进？9：主旨题一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心思想展开的。不少文章一开头便展示出文章的主题，特别是新闻报道，第一小段通常是故事的梗概，这一段往往表达了文章的中心思想;在文章的段落中，则通常由开头的一句作为主题句(topicsentence)来概括该段的中心思想。主题句一般具有三个特点:1．表述的意思比较概括，相对主题句来看，这种概括性更为明显。2．句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式。3．段落中其他的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想。10：寻找主题句的6个微技能(1)Now(如今)New（新的）…暗示本文即将要讲的事很有可能与以往不同。(2)表转折的词。段落中出现but,however,actually,while,

infact,

on

thecontrary,

incontrast等时，其后的内容往往是作者真正要表达的观点。(3)表总结的词。如therefore,thus,inshort,conclude,inconclusion等词后内容也可能是主题。(4)多次重复的词。如果一篇文章中多次出现某个词，该词往往是体现文章主旨的关键词。(5)若首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章的主旨。(6)说明实验结论或调查结果的句子。如theirstudiesshowthat…，the

experiment

showsthat…，scientists/researchershavefoundthat…或there

is

evidence

suggestingthat…中that从句的内容通常就是主旨。也可能是主题。SectionSectionC—高中同步训练PassageAWhileitisimpossibletolivepletelyfreeofstress,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.TheUSDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesoffersthefollowingsuggestionsforwaystodealwithstress.1：Whatismostprobablythewriter’spurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Toreleasehisorherwrongpressure.B.Tohelpsolvetheuniversalproblemofstress.C.Toreducehisorheranxiety.D.Tohavemorepeoplecryout.参考答案：由文章第一段“Whileitisimpossibletolivepletelyfreeofstress,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.TheUSDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesoffersthefollowingsuggestionsforwaystodealwithstress.(虽然生活中不可能完全没有压力，但当压力无法避免时，我们可以预防压力并减少其影响。美国卫生与公众服务部提供了以下应对压力的建议。)”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了帮助解决普遍存在的压力问题。故选B。PassageBFortravelexpertandauthorLaCarmina,slowtravelallowspeopletostopandsmelltherosesquitedirectly.“It’saboutbeingfullypresentinthemomentandexperiencingthesights,soundsandsensations(感觉)aroundyoupletely“lettingtheexperiencedevelopatitsownspeedandwithoutexpectations,”shesaid.“Tome,slowtraveldoesn’thaveastrictdefinitionorcertainthingstodo,butratherfocusesonthefeelingofbeingavisitortoaplace.”Slowtravelisbeingmoreandmorepopularnow,becauseitcandogoodtousinmanyways.2.WhatdoesLaCarminathinkofslowtravel?A.Itcanlettravelersexperiencetheplacedeeply.B.Itcanmaketravelerssavealotofmoney.C.Itcanallowtravelerstoexploremoreplaces.D.Itcansavetravelersmuchmoretime.参考答案：细节理解题。根据文章第五段“FortravelexpertandauthorLaCarmina,slowtravelallowspeopletostopandsmellthetrosesquitedirectly.“It’saboutbeingfullypresentinthemomentandexperiencingthesights,soundsandsensations(感觉)aroundyoupletely“lettingtheexperiencedevelopatitsownspeedandwithoutexpectations,”shesaid.(对于旅游专家兼作家LaCarmina来说，慢速旅行可以让人们停下来，直接闻一闻玫瑰的芬芳。她说：“这是关于完全活在当下，完全体验你周围的景象、声音和感觉，让体验按照自己的速度发展，不带任何期望。”)”可知，LaCarmina认为慢旅行可以让人们能够完全体验你周围的景象、声音和感觉，也就是深入体验一个地方。故选A。PassageCNobusinesswouldwelebeingparedtogambling(赌博).Yetthatiswhatishappeningtomakersofvideogames.Foryearsparentshaveplainedthattheirchildrenare“addicted”totheirvideogamesandsmartphones.Today,however,evenmoredoctorsareusingtheterm.OnJanuary1thisyear,“gamingdisorder”—inwhichgamesareplayeduncontrollably,despitecausingharm—gainedrecognitionfromtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO).3.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph1?A.Itisnotsuitabletoparevideogamestogambling.B.Parentsplainabouttheirchildren’saddictiontogambling.C.Gamingaddictionwasofficiallyrecognizedasadisease.D.Moredoctorsareagainsttheuseoftheterm“addicted”.参考答案：细节理解题。根据第一段中“OnJanuarylthisyear,“gamingdisorder”—inwhichgamesareplayeduncontrollably,despitecausingharm—gainedrecognitionfromtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO).”（今年1月1日，“游戏障碍”得到了世界卫生组织(WHO)的认可。“游戏障碍”指的是尽管会造成伤害，但仍无法控制地玩游戏。）可知，从第一段我们知道游戏成瘾被正式认定为一种疾病。故选C项。PassageDPlasticislowcostandlonglasting.Itisnoteasilydegraded(降解)becausenaturaldegradationprocessescan’tdealwithitschemicalponents(成分).Ittakesinotheroceanpresentharmfulsubstances.Thesechemicalanddangerousponentsaregraduallygotintotheatmospherewithadditivessuchascolor,whichturnsouttobereallyharmfulwhentheplasticbreaksdown.ThedesignanddevelopmentofnewplasticproductswasspedupafterWorldWarII.Lifewithoutplasticseemedimpossibleinthemodernage.Buteventhoughplasticwasquiteconvenient,thedarksideofitwasseenaspeoplebegantoenjoythethrowawaymunity.Manyplasticproducts,suchasplasticbags,havealifetimeofafewminutestohours.However,they’llstayintheenvironmentforhundredsofyears.Wearedestroyingtheveryworldthatnurturedus.Just9%ofplastichasbeenrecycledand12%burntafterproductionroseinthe1950s,whichleavesabout79%ofthe8.3billiontonsproducedsittinginlandfills(垃圾填埋场)ordamagingourfields,oceans,andwaterways.Andeachyeartheplasticendsupascontaminants.Sotobeatplasticpollution,weneedtoworktogether.Whileplasticburningreducestheamountofwastedumpedintooceansandlands,harmfulgasesarestillproduced,whichalsoleadstogreenhousegases.However,ifwemakeafirmdecisionandusemodernwastemanagementmethods,wewillbeabletocreateasafeandhealthyworld.Itishightimethatweasresponsibleglobalcitizens,tookonthedutyofprotectingourenvironmentandmadegreateffortinsavingourmotherearth,insteadofjustleavingeverythingtoourgovernment.So,ladiesandgentlemen,let’smakeapromisetosuccessfullydealwithplasticwasteandprotectourworldfromallpossiblerisks.28.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Theharmofplastic. B.Theconvenienceofplastic.C.Theprotectionofplastic. D.Theuseofplastic.29.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewriter’sfeelinginParagraph2?A.Happy. B.Worried. C.Excited. D.Relaxed.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminants”inParagraph3mean?A.Thingsthatcausepollution. B.Thingsthatproduceplastic.C.Thingsthatcostmoney. D.Thingsthathelppeople.31.Fromwhichisthetextmostprobablytaken?A.Ashortstory. B.Aspeech. C.Anewspaper. D.Anotice.参考答案：本文是一篇演讲稿，属于应用文体，主要讲述了塑料对环境的危害，并倡议大家担起责任处理塑料废物、保护地球。1.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Itisnoteasilydegraded(降解)becausenaturaldegradationprocessescan’tdealwithitschemicalponents(成分).Ittakesinotheroceanpresentharmfulsubstances.Thesechemicalanddangerousponentsaregraduallygotintotheatmospherewithadditivessuchascolor,whichturnsouttobereallyharmfulwhentheplasticbreaksdown.(因为自然降解过程不能处理其化学成分，所以它不易降解。它吸收其他海洋中存在的有害物质。这些化学成分和危险成分随着色剂等添加剂逐渐进入大气中，而当塑料分解时，着色剂就变得非常有害。)”可知，塑料的化学成分不能在自然中降解，它吸收有害物质，塑料中的化学成分和危险成分会进入大气，污染大气环境。由此可推测出，第一段主要讲述了塑料的害处。故选A。2.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Wearedestroyingtheveryworldthatnurturedus.(我们正在摧毁养育我们的世界。)”可知，作者认为我们使用塑料是在摧毁我们赖以生存的世界，由此可推测出，作者对这种现状感到担忧。故选B。3.词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句“Sotobeatplasticpollution,weneedtoworktogether.(所以，为了防止塑料污染，我们需要共同努力。)”可知，塑料会产生污染，由此可推测出，画线词所在句表达的是每年塑料最终都会成为污染物。contaminants意为“污染物”，与A项意思最接近。故选A。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So,ladiesandgentlemen,let’smakeapromisetosuccessfullydealwithplasticwasteandprotectourworldfromallpossiblerisks.(所以，女士们，先生们，让我们承诺会成功地处理塑料废物，保护我们的世界免受一切可能的风险。)”可知，文章在最后一段呼吁大家要承诺处理塑料废物，保护环境，并以“ladiesandgentlemen”引起大家的注意，由此可推测出，这是一篇面对观众发表的演讲。故选B。SectionSectionD—高考真题链接PassageATerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhaspleteditsfirstflight,bringingthepanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle–namedtheTransition–hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon’thelpifyou’restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahasecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthepanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration’sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition. B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars. D.ThedesignersoftheTransition.2.WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A.Itcausestrafficjams. B.Itisdifficulttooperate.C.Itisveryexpensive. D.Itburnstoomuchfuel.3.Whatisthegovernment’sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.Cautious.B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FlyingCaratAutoShow B.TheTransition’sFirstFlightC.Pilots’DreamingTrue D.FlyingCarClosertoReality参考答案：本文是一篇科普说明文。Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进一步。1.A考查段落大意。第一段的第二句"Thevehicle...likeacar"介绍了飞行汽车Transition的构造，第一段的后半部分介绍它的空中飞行速度、陆地行驶速度和油耗情况，这些都是飞行汽车的基本数据。故选A项。2.C考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000"可知，该飞行汽车是非常贵的，所以不太可能大量出现在车道上。故选C项。3.B考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthepanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly"可推知，政府对该项目是支持的。故选B项。4.D考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhaspleteditsfirstflight,bringingthepanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear"可知，Terrafugia公司的飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实。所以选D项。主旨大意题的解答要注意文章的首段和尾段，同时要结合文章中大部分内容所讲述的观点。文章中只提及Transition会出现在NewYorkAutoShow，但这不是文章主要内容,故排除A项;B项只是飞行汽车的第一次飞行，过于片面；C项中的"Pilots’Dream"未在文中提及。PassageBGettinglesssleephasbeeabadhabitformostAmericankids.Accordingtoanewsurvey(调查)bytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhavetogetupearly.LastyeartheFoundationreportedthatnearly60%of7to12yearoldssaidtheyfelttiredduringtheday,and15%saidtheyhadfallenasleepatschool.Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.Babiesneedalotofrest;mostofthemsleepabout18hoursaday!Adultsneedabouteighthours.Formostschoolagechildren,tenhoursisideal(理想的).ButthenewNationalSleepFoundationsurveyfoundthat35%of10to12yearoldsgetonlysevenoreighthours.Andguesswhatalmosthalfofthesurveyedkidssaidtheydobeforebedtime?WatchTV."MorechildrenaregoingtobedwithTVson,andtherearemoreopportunities(机会)tostayawake,withmorehomework,theInternetandthephone,"saysDr.MaryCarskadon,asleepresearcheratBrownUniversityMedicalSchool.Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalmdownandsleep.Otherexpertssaypartoftheproblemischemical.Changinglevelsofbodychemicalscalledhormonesnotonlymaketeenagers’bodiesdevelopadultcharacteristics,butalsomakeithardforteenagerstofallasleepbefore11pm.Becausesleepinessissuchaproblemforteenagers,someschooldistrictshavedecidedtostarthighschoolclasseslaterthantheyusedto.Threeyearsago,schoolsinEdina,Minnesota,changedthestarttimefrom7:25amto8:30am.Students,parentsandteachersarepleasedwiththeresults.1.WhatisthenewNationalSleepFoundationsurveyon?A.Americankids’sleepinghabits.

B.Teenagers’sleeprelateddiseases.C.Activitiestopreventsleeplessness.

D.Learningproblemsandlackofsleep.2.Howmanyhoursofsleepdo11yearoldsneedeveryday?A.7hours.

B.8hours.

C.10hours.

D.18hours.3.WhydoteenagersgotosleeplateaccordingtoCarskadon?A.Theyareaffectedbycertainbodychemicals.B.Theytendtodothingsthatexcitethem.C.Theyfollowtheirparents’examples.D.Theydon’tneedtogotoschoolearly.参考答案：本文属于说明，首先用数据告诉我们美国孩子的睡眠状况堪忧，接着告诉我们孩子在不同年龄段需要的睡眠时间不同，然后分析了孩子晚睡的原因，最后介绍了一些学校为了让孩子们有更多的睡眠时间而推迟了上课的时间。1.A细节理解题。文中第一段列举了一些数据，向我们说明美国有51%的10到18岁的孩子上床睡觉的时间偏晚，也调查了60%的7到12岁的孩子在白天感到疲惫，15%的孩子会在学校睡着，所以这些调查都是关于美国孩子的睡眠习惯的，故选A。2.C细节理解题。根据第二段＂Formostschoolagechildren,tenhoursisideal＂可知11岁正在上学的小孩子的理想睡眠时间是10个小时，故选C。3.B细节理解题。根据第三段＂Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalmdownandsleep＂可知她认为孩子们睡觉晚的原因是他们会在睡前做一些让他们兴奋的活动，故选B。SectionA—模考听力训练Step3：课后作业之SectionA—模考听力训练第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wherearethespeakers?A．Athome. B．Inaclassroom. C．Inahospital.【答案】CM:Howareyoufeelingthesedays?W:Muchbetter,thanks.ThedoctorsaidIwouldbehomeinthreedays.2．Whatdidthemanbuy?A．Amagazine. B．Adictionary. C．Astorybook.【答案】BM:IwasgoingtobuyamagazinebutIchangedmymind.W:Sowhatdidyouchoose?Astorybook?M:Igotadictionary.3．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Theman'sweekendplans.B．Theman'sschoollife.C．Theman'sfriends.【答案】AW:Whatareyougoingtodoattheweekend?M:I’mgoingtohavemusiclessons,andI’malsogoingtoseeafilmwithmyfriends.W:Soundsgood.4．WhatisJohn?A．Astudent. B．Ateacher. C．Aworker.【答案】BW:Jack,youknowwe’regoingtoorganizeapartyforJohn’sretirement.M:Howtimeflies.John’sbeenherefortwentyyears.Allthestudentslikehisclass.Theysayhecanmakeaboringsubjectinteresting.5．Whenwillthefootballmatchtakeplace?A．OnTuesday. B．OnFriday. C．OnSunday.【答案】BW:Areyoustillplayingthefootballmatchthisweek?M:Yes,butwe’vechangedthedaybecauseofthebadweather.Soit’sonFriday,insteadofTuesday.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Bookingatable.B．Callingherfriend.C．Applyingforarestaurantjob.7．Whenwillthewomanefordinner?A．At6:00. B．At7:00. C．At8:00.【答案】6．A7．BM:Hello,thisisPeaceRestaurant.MayIhelpyou?W:Yes.I’dlikeatableat6:00thisevening.M:Justaminute.I’msorry,madam.Thereisn’tanytableleftfor6:00,butwecangiveyouaprivatediningroomat7:00.W:Thatsoundsgood.M:Forhowmanypeople?W:Fivecouples.M:Allright.MayIhaveyourname,madam?W:Shelly.M:Allright.We’vereservedaprivatediningroomforyouat7:00pm.Thanksforcalling.W:Thankyouverymuch.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whichcitydidthemanefrom?A．Chicago. B．Boston. C．NewYork.9．Whatisthemanlookingfor?A．Acoat. B．Aletter. C．Apassport.10．Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A．Sad B．Dissatisfied. C．Excited.【答案】8．C9．A10．CM:Excuseme...W:Yes,sir?WhatcanIdoforyou?M:IthinkIleftmycoatonthetrainwhenIgotoffatChicagoStationthismorning.W:Whichtraindidyoutake?M:IcamefromNewYorkinNYChicago352.W:Ah,canyoupleasedescribeyourcoat,sir?M:Well,it’sathickcoatwithtwopockets.W:Whatcoloristhecoat,sir?M:Darkgray.W:Thenthisisn’tyourcoat.Thisoneisblack.Oh,letmehavealook.Isthereanythinginthepockets?M:Yes,thereissomemoney,aletterandmypassport.W:Youarelucky,sir.Thisisyourcoat.M:Thankyouverymuch.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatisthewomangoodat?A．Skiing. B．Singing. C．Swimming.12．Whatdoesthewomanlikedoinginsummerholidays?A．Playingtheguitar.B．Goingtothemountains.C．Swimmingmthesea.13．Whatisthewoman'sfavoritesubject?A．Maths. B．Geography. C．History.【答案】11．A12．C13．BM:Linda,I’mdoingasurveyonstudent’slife.CanIaskyousomequestions?W:Ofcourse.M:Whatdoyoulikedoinginyourfreetime?W:IspendalotoftimeplayingtheguitarandIenjoysinging.M:Whatdoyouliketodowhenyou’reonwinterholiday?W:Iusuallygotothemountains.Ilikeskiingverymuch,andIfirstlearneditwhenIwasfouryearsold.SoI’mquitegoodatit.M:Whataboutsummerholidays?W:I’mnotthatinterestedingoingtothemountainsinsummer.Ipreferswimminginthesea,whichmakesmecoolandfortable.M:Whatisyourfavoritesubjectatschool?W:Well,mathsisOKbutit’snotmyfavorite.GeographyiswhatIenjoymost,andhistoryisthesecond.Iwanttobeageographyteacheroneday.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Salespersonandcustomer. B．Homeownerandcleaner.C．Husbandandwife.15．Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?A．Onewithtwobedrooms. B．Onewithoutfurniture.C．Onenearamarket.16．Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheonebedroomapartment?A．$350. B．$400. C．$415.17．Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?A．OnLakeStreet. B．OnMarket. C．OnSouthStreet.【答案】14．C15．A16．B17．CW:Anythinginterestinginthepapertoday,dear?M:Well,yeah.Thereareafewherethatmightinterestus.Hereisoneforjustfourhundreddollars.Itonlyhasonebedroom,butitsoundsnice,nearLakeStreet.W:Yeah,letmeseewhatthecheapesttwobedroomapartmentis.Oh,hereisoneonMarketStreet.It’sarealbargain.Only350dollars.Butitdoesn’thaveanyfurniture.M:Well,itcostsalottobuyallthefurniture.W:Oh,hereisanotheroneforjustoverfourhundreddollars.Thissoundsveryinteresting.It’sonSouthStreet.That’sanicearea!M:Yes,it’squiet.Didyousaytwobedrooms?W:Yes,at415dollars.M:Whydon’twegoandhavealook?W:OK,I’llgivethemacall.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatisprobablyblockingtheentryway?A．Acar. B．Abus. C．Ataxi.19．Howlongcanacarbeparkedatmostinthewestside?A．10minutes. B．15minutes. C．30minutes.20．WhatwillthespeakerdowiththeFordTaurusintenminutes?A．Haveitremoved. B．Givetheowneraticket. C．Calltheowner’spany.【答案】18．A19．C20．AM:Yourattentionplease.ThereisaRedFordTaurusparkedblockingthebuilding’sentrywayonthesouthside.Willtheownerofthiscarpleasemoveitimmediately?Thisareaismeantforbusesandtaxisonly.Youmaymoveyourcartoeitherparkinglotontheeastsideorwestsideofthebuilding.Theoneontheeastsideoffersafreeparkingserviceforthosewithparkingcardsontheweekends.Theparkingserviceisavailableonthewestside,onconditionthatyouparktherewithinhalfanhour.TodayisSaturday,soIsuggestyougototheeastparkinglot.Again,thisisaRedFordTaurus.Thelicenseplatenumberis15FTU.Ifitisstillblockingtheentrancetenminutesfromnow,Iamafraidwewillhavenochoicebuttocalltheservicepanyandhaveitremoved.Soplease,willtheownerofthisRedFordTaurusmoveyourcarimmediately?SectionSectionB—课后阅读训练PassageAExercisehelpstokeepusingoodhealth.DoctorsattheAmericanHeartAssociationsuggestgettingatleast150minutesofproperphysicalactivityeveryweek.Manypeopleexerciseforafewminuteseverydayoreveryotherday.So,getting150minuteseveryweekiseasy.Butwhataboutthosetimeswhenyouaresick?Ifyoudonotfeelwell,shouldyoukeepfollowingyourexercisehabit?Healthexpertsanswertheseandotherquestions.EdwardR.LaskowskiisadoctorattheMayoClinic.Heandotherexpertshaveageneralruleofyesaboutexercisingwhenyouaresick.Itisusuallyfinetoexercise,heexplains,ifyoursymptoms（症状）areall“abovetheneck".Thesesignsmayincludearunnynose,ablockednose,sneezingoraminorsorethroat.GeralynCoopersmithisaphysicalfitnesstrainerwhohaswrittenseveralbooksonexerciseandnutrition.BothCoopersmithandDr.Laskowskisuggesttakingabreakfromexercisingifsignsofyourillnessappear"belowtheneck".Payspecialattentiontosymptomssuchaschestcongestion,extremecoughorpaininthestomach.Thereareothersymptomsthatcantellyoutoavoidexercise.Theyinclude:ahigherthannormalbodytemperature,asenseoffeelingextremelytired,andwidespreadmusclepain.BothCoopersmithandDr.Laskowskisuggestlisteningtoyourbody.Ifyoufeelreallybad,takeabreakandletyourbodyrest.Ifyoudon'tfeeltoobad,theseexpertsbothsuggestreducingtheamountofexercise.Forexample,ifyouusuallyrun,takeaquickwalkinstead.1.Howlongshouldpeopledoexercisetokeephealthy?A.About150minutesperday. B.Around100minutesperday.C.Atleast150minutesperweek. D.Nomorethan100minutesperweek.2.WhenwillEdwardR.Laskowskisaynotoexercise?A.Whenyourleftlegisbroken. B.Whenyouhavearunnynoses.C.Whenyouhaveablockednose. D.Whenyouhaveaminorsorethroat.3.Whatisthemeaningof"listeningtoyourbody”inParagraph6?A.Becarefulwithyourcars. B.Learntotakeadviceofothers.C.Payattentiontobodysignals. D.Listentomusictokeephealthy.4.Whatwillthewriterbelikelytoagreewith?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Nothingseek,nothingfind.C.Putyourheartintoexercise. D.Actaccordingtoyourabilities.参考答案：这是一篇说明文。锻炼有助于