2025版新教材高考英语复习特训卷阶段检测卷四

阶段检测卷(四)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABruges,BelgiumIfyou'veseenthemovieInBruges,youprobablyknowalittlebitaboutthiscity.AndeventhoughColinFarrell'scharacterkeepssayingit'sboring,youcan'tdenythebeautyofthismedievalcity.TheGothicarchitectureisjustmesmerizing,allthoseprettybuildingswrappedinvinesthatbecomeallshadesofcrimsoninthefall—it'safeastforyoureyes.Andthecanals,youhavetotakeaboatridethroughthecanalswhenyou'rethere—it'sincredible.Plus,theyhavethemostcharmingopenairmarketsthatworkallthewayuntiltheendofNovember,andit'salsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolateyou'lleverhaveinyourlife.Piedmont,ItalyIfyoulikewineandgoodfood,autumnisyourpeakseasonforvisitingItaly.FallisvineyardharvesttimesodefinitelygotoPiedmont.Theyalsohavelotsofdifferentfoodfestivalsintheautumnhere,soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles,chestnutsorchocolate,Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall.LoireValley,FranceForthoseofyouwhowanttowitnessthecolorfuldisplaysofautumnwithaglassofwineinyourhand,LoireValleyisyourbestdestination.ThisregionofFranceisfamousforitsvineyardsandlateOctoberisthepeakseasonifyouwanttoseeallthevineyardsinablazeofred,orangeandgoldenhues.It'strulyasighttobehold.Amsterdam,theNetherlandsAmsterdamisbeautifulatanytimeoftheyear,butthere'sjustsomethingincrediblyromanticandpicturesqueaboutgoingonabikerideinAmsterdamintheautumn.Allthebeautifultreescoveredinredandorangeleaves,themazeofcanalsreflectingthegoldenraysofthesun,beautifulandcharmingarchitectureofthehousesthatstandalongsidethecanalslookabitmagicalinthefall.1．Inhowmanyplacescanyouenjoywineaccordingtothepassage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.2．WhatcanvisitorstasteinbothBrugesandPiedmont?A．Truffles.B．Mushrooms.C．Chocolate.D．Chestnuts.3．Whichactivitycanbeincludedtoyourautumntrip?A．VisitmanyhistoricsitesinPiedmont.B．WatchthemovieInBrugesinBelgium.C．TakeaboatridethroughthecanalsinAmsterdam.D．GetthebestviewofthevineyardsinLoireValleyinlateOctober.BIngeneral,therichesofthenaturalworldaren'tspreadevenlyacrosstheglobe.PlacesliketheTropicalAndesinSouthAmericaaresimplypackedwithuniquespecies,manyofwhichcan'tbefoundinanyotherplaces.Untilrecently,themainexplanationforthebiologicalrichesconcentratedinplacesliketheAmazonBasinwasthatsuchplacesmustbeenginesofbiodiversity,withnewspeciesevolvingatafasterratethanotherpartsoftheworld.Butnow,newresearchonbirdevolutionmayturnthatassumptiononitshead,insteadsupportingtheideathatareaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster.Theresearcherssaythesebiodiversity“coldspots”aregenerallyfoundinenvironmentsfeaturingfreezing,dryandunstableconditions.Thoughtheresearchersfoundtheselocationswithfewbirdspeciestendtoproducenewonesathighrates,theyfailtoaccumulatemanyspeciesbecausetheunstableconditionsfrequentlymakethenewlifeformsdieout.Themorewell­known“hotspots”，bycontrast,haveaccumulatedtheirlargenumbersofspeciesbybeingwarm,hospitableandrelativelystable.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatthecountlessbirdspeciesthatcalltheAmazonhometendtobeolderinevolutionaryterms.“NewspeciesdoforminplacesliketheAmazon,justnotasfrequentlyasinthedrygrasslandsintheAndes，”saysElizabeth,anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofTennessee.Theresearchersmanagedtocollect1，940samplesrepresenting1，287ofthe1，306birdspeciesfromSouthAmerica.Theiranalysisshowedthatthebestpredictorofwhetheranareawouldproducenewspeciesatahighratewashowmanyspecieslivedthere,ratherthanclimateorgeographicfeatureslikemountains.Species­richareastendedtoproducenewspeciesmoreslowly.“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequentlybecausethere'slesscompetitionandmoreavailableopportunitiesfornewspecies，”saysGustavoBravo,aleadresearcher.Thestudy'sfindingsaddnewurgencytoprotectecosystemsthatmaylookbarren,__butmayactuallybenature'shothousesfortheevolutionofnewspecies.4．WhyisSouthAmericamentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Tomakeacomparison.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Toexplainafact.D．Todrawaconclusion.5．Whatdeterminestherisingrateofnewspeciesinaplace?A．Thenumberofitsthenspecies.B．Theenvironmenttheylivedin.C．Thesurvivalskillsofspecies.D．Thedifferentbiologicalfactors.6．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“barren”inthelastparagraph?A．Dryandbare.B．Livelyandactive.C．Niceandgreen.D．Complexandunpredictable.7．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TropicalareasarehometolargenumbersofspeciesB．NewspeciesprefertoliveintheextremeclimateC．HarshenvironmentsposeagreaterthreattospeciesD．TheworseecosystemmaygivebirthtonewspeciesfasterCThatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernforNgurangMeena,aschoolteacherinNirjuli.The30­year­oldsocialscienceteacher,whorantheNgurangLearningInstitute,anadultliteracycentre,saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshereadstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ItbreaksmyheartwheneverIseeanswersheets—basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere'sanabsenceofanycohesive(连贯的)expression.Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero，”Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulionAugust30th,2024,wherepassers­bycouldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovelsaswellascomicsforyoungchildren.“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay，”shelaughed.Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.Now,generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown,shealsolendsbooksouttothosewhowanttoreadathome.“Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbecomesuchabiginspiration，”Meenasaid.“Sincechildhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsisfocusedongamesandotherthings.Idon'twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack，”sheadded.8．What'stheaimofMeena'sreadingprogram?A．Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.B．Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.C．TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.D．Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.9．WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?A．Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.B．Sheprovidedthemwithtransportation.C．Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.D．Sheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.10．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena'slibraries?A．Smallanduseless.B．Influentialandmeaningful.C．Largebutimpractical.D．Widespreadbutunwelcome.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Books:SourcesofKnowledgeB．TheRoadsideReadingCornerC．TheLibrary:anIdealplacefortheYoungD．NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlanDConstantlyforcingknowledgeandexperiencesintoyourbrainmayseemlikethequickestpathtoself­improvement.Butsometimesthebestthingyoucandoforyourbrainisabsolutelynothingatall.Payinglessattentiontosurroundings—whetherbyshowering,pullingweeds,orpettingadog—providesanopportunityforwhatpsychologistscallwakefulrest.It'satimewhenyoucanputimmediatetasksasidelikehowtomeettheworkdeadlineandinsteadfocusoncurrentfeelings,reflectonthepast,andthinkaboutthefuture.Intheblankness,MRI(核磁共振成像)brainimagingshowsaharmonyofgraymattercalledthedefaultmodenetwork(默认模式网络)takescontrol.Neuroscientists(神经系统科学家)stilldon'tcompletelyunderstandhowthissystemworks,buttheythinkitconnectsharmoniouspartsofourbrains,whichcanhelpusfindmeaninginourmessylives.“Thisblanknessmightalsoreduceanxiety,boostcreativity,andimprovememory，”saysMaryHelenImmordino­Yang,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia'sBrainandCreativityInstitute.Thetroubleis,thebattleoflifeleaveslittleroomtoletyourmindwander.Manyspendtheirfreetimeconsumingentertainment.Itmayfeelrelaxingbutrequiresbrainpowertoenjoy.Fortunately,therearewaystoencourageyourresting­statenetworktotakeover：FINDYOURJOYCasualhobbiesthataretotallydifferentfromyourdayjobcanhelppreventout­of­officeanxiety.GETAWAYNewsurroundingsgiveyourbrainabreakfromenvironmentalcues,likethesightofyourdeskandlaptopthattellittowork.SWITCHOFFInformationcanbetooattractivetoignore.Turningoffanyandalldeviceshelpsmaintainrelaxationmode.12．Whatis“wakefulrest”accordingtothepsychologistsinthetext?A．Itisatimetopaylessattentiontosurroundings.B．Itisasystemtotakecontrol.C．Itisastatetoconcentrate.D．Itisanopportunitytowork.13．Inwhataspectcanthisblanknessbenefitus?A．Promotingcreativity.B．Managingmoods.C．Removinganxiety.D．Controllingbrains.14．Whichactivitydoestheauthorsuggesttoastressfulsoftwareengineer?A．Workingonhisdeskinanewoffice.B．Playinghisfavoritecomputergames.C．Doingsomegardeninginthebackyard.D．Developingasoftwarewithcolleagues.15．Wherecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Abookreview.B．Asciencejournal.C．Aguidebook.D．Afilmposter.其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Arepeoplelessormorehappywhentheygetolder?Astudyin2024foundthatpeoplegenerallybecamehappierandexperiencedlessworryaftertheageof50.Infact,itfoundthatbytheageof85,peoplewerehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerethehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.__16__Happinesswasthehighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearly70's.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswerethoseintheir70'sand80's.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhadsimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrewolder.__17__Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwell­beingrelatedtoage.__18__Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.__19__Inanotherstudy,peopleintheir80'sreportedthefewestproblemswiththequalityoftheirsleep.Theoriginalgoalwastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.__20__Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedastheygotolder.A．Sowhywillhappinessincreasewithage?B．Researcherssurveyedmorethan150，000Americanadults.C．Atthattime,thepeoplewerebetweentheageof18and25.D．Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheir50's.E．Happinessisnottheonlythingthatapparentlyimproveswithage.F．Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.G．However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmen.其次部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfamilywentonholidayforaweekthissummer.Iwassurprisedtolearnthesleeping__21__forthenight—myyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirst­floorbedroombyherself.Aswe__22__，wediscussedthedeerwehad__23__onourway.“Ihopewecouldseeabearortwothis__24__！”mywifeshouted.Atbedtime,mywifeandIwenttotheupstairsroom,andmyparents­in­law(岳父母)headedfora__25__onthefirstfloor.MywifeandIwereabouttosleepwhenourdaughterappearedwitha(n)__26__lookonherface.Shesaida__27__wasscratching(刮出刺耳声)atherwindow.IdecideditwouldbethebestifIsleptdownstairsandmydaughtersharedtheroomwithmywife.Onmywaydown,Ipassedmyfather­in­law,asleepinfrontofthe__28__．IwasinbedonlyafewminuteswhenIheardataponthewindowoutside.Somethingwasindeedoutthere.__29__，itwasn'tabear—Itoldmyself.Ifellasleepsoon.Sometimelater,Iwas__30__byastrangesound.Isawalarge__31__inthedoorwayandfrozeasit__32__closertome.Irealizedwhatitwas—onlyaftermyfather­in­lawbentdowntogivemeakiss.“It'sDavid.”Myfather­in­lawjumpedback.Welaughed__33__attheawkwardmoment,andIexplainedhisgranddaughter'sbedroom__34__.Itoldhimthattheonlything__35__thanabearattackwasPapaBearcomingintokissmegoodnight.21．A.schedulesB．arrangementsC．plotsD．routines22．A.settledinB．brokeinC．lookeddownD．calmeddown23．A.shotB．huntedC．trainedD．spotted24．A.eveningB．weekC．monthD．year25．A.studyB．kitchenC．bedroomD．bathroom26．A.worriedB．embarrassedC．delightedD．satisfied27．A.dogB．deerC．catD．bear28．A.houseB．televisionC．doorD．fire29．A.BesidesB．ThereforeC．OtherwiseD．However30．A.awakenedB．interruptedC．impressedD．struck31．A.figureB．personC．animalD．ghost32．A.climbedB．jumpedC．inchedD．rolled33．A.eagerlyB．sincerelyC．secretlyD．nervously34．A.preferenceB．switchC．differenceD．choice35．A.prettierB．funnierC．scarierD．stranger其次节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BorninChinain1911,QianXuesenmajoredinrailwayengineeringatJiaotongUniversityinShanghaibutswitchedtoaeronautics(航空学)in193536.________hecametotheUnitedStatestopursuegraduatestudies.He37.________(earn)amaster'sdegreein1936fromMITandthenaPhDin1939.Shortlythereafter,heworkedinAmericaandplayedacontributingroleintheAmericanspaceprogram.In1950,38.________(he)requestforreturningtoChinawasdenied.Eventually,heleftwithhisfamilyforChinain1955asaresultofdiplomaticnegotiationsinGeneva.UponhisreturntoChina,Qian39.________(appoint)asdirectoroftheInstituteofMechanicsintheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijing.Inthelate1950sandearly1960s,hehelpedChinaconductthefirsttestofanatomic(原子的)bomb40.________(deliver)byamediumandshortrangemissilein1966.Hefurthermorecontributed41.________Chinalaunchingitsfirstsatellitein1970.Inhislateryears,QianwasalsocreditedinChinafor42.________(provide)criticalsupportforthehumanspaceflightprogramwhenitfacedcutbacks.Hewas43.________(especial)influentialinhispromotionofsystemsengineeringinaerospace(航空航天)projectsandother44.________(area)untilhisdeathin2009.Qianisregardedas45.________pioneeringandfoundationalfigureinthehistoryofChina'sspaceprogram.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)为迎接国外姐妹学校来访师生，学校准备选拔“文化沟通小使者”(YoungAmbassadorforCulturalExchange)，你准备参与。请写一篇英语竞选演讲稿，内容包括：1．自我介绍；2．竞选理由。留意：1.词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Goodmorning,dearjudges.I'mCandidateNo.1.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________其次节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。HenrygotonhisbikeandbegantodelivercopiesoftheMarch8，1970issueofTheGazette.Halfanhourlater,hethrewthelastnewspaperontotheporch(门廊)at35OakStreetandcycledtoTheGazetteoffices.Theremustbesomethingimportantfortheeditorinchieftomeetwithan11­year­oldpaperboy.“Nogoodwaytodeliverbadnews，”Mr.TrottagreetedhimwhenHenrysteppedin.Henry'ssmilefaded.“We'reclosingshop,Henry.Advertisingisdown.Televisionishowpeoplegettheirnewstoday.Localpapersarethefirsttoclose，”Mr.Trottashrugged.Henrycouldn'tbelievehisears,frozentothespot.Hethoughtofallthosepeoplehehadmetonhisroute.Theywouldn'tgettheirneighborhoodnewsanymore!“Youweregreat,Henry—alwaysdependable，”Mr.Trottasaid.Henryforcedhisheaduptosaygoodbye.AsherodepastthehousesheknewsowellhesawMr.Gradyonhisporch,holdingabroom(扫帚).Henryledhimtoachairandcleanedtheporch.TheysatforawhileasMr.Gradyrecalledhowhappyhe'dbeenmovinghisfamilyto10Oak.Hesoundedlonely.Aweekafterhislastdeliveries,HenrywonderedifhiscustomersmissedTheGazetteasmuchashedid.Hethoughtofawaytofindout.Hestartedoutonhisoldroutewithanotebook.HenrystoppedatMrs.Burke's.Sheopenedthedoor,holdingthetwobabies.Sheaskedhimifheknewanyneighborswiththeexperienceoflookingafterchildren.Mr.Simonwasnextdoor,carryinghisviolinout.“Hey,Henry.MybandwillbehavingaconcertintheparkthisFriday.Tellyourfriends.”AsHenrymademorenotes,anideastartedforminginhishead.Maybehecouldcreateanewsypage(小报)fortheneighbors.留意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。NeighborscheeredHenry'sidea,readytoofferinformation.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Henry'sfirstOakStreetNewsthenproduceddesiredeffects.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________阶段检测卷（四）第一部分阅读第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——旅游——值得一游的四个地方【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了值得一游的四个地方——比利时的布鲁日、意大利的皮德蒙特、法国的卢瓦尔河谷、荷兰的阿姆斯特丹，重点介绍了这四个地区的景色特点。1．答案与解析：B考查理解详细信息的实力。由题干关键词wine定位至其次段第一句“Ifyoulikewine...forvisitingItaly”和第三段第一句“Forthoseofyou...withaglassofwineinyourhand，LoireValleyisyourbestdestination”，据此可知，在这四个地方中人们可以在意大利皮德蒙特和法国卢瓦尔河谷品尝葡萄酒，故B项正确。2．答案与解析：C考查理解详细信息的实力。依据第一段尾句中的“andit'salsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolate”可知，在比利时的布鲁日可以品尝到热巧克力；依据其次段尾句中的“soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles,chestnutsorchocolate，Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall”可知，人们可以在意大利皮德蒙特品尝到蘑菇或松露，栗子或巧克力。据此可知，在这两个地方人们都能品尝到巧克力。故C项正确。3．答案与解析：D考查理解详细信息的实力。依据第三段其次句可知，十月下旬是欣赏卢瓦尔河谷葡萄园的最佳季节，故D项正确。其他三项文中未提及。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——探讨发觉——生态环境恶劣的地方产生新物种的速度更快【语篇解读】本文主要讲解并描述南美亚马孙盆地的环境有利于新物种的生存，但产生新物种的速度较慢。然而，一项探讨发觉，恶劣的环境更易产生新物种，但因环境不稳定，无法维持物种的发展。这项探讨发觉呼吁人们爱护那些看起来贫瘠，但事实上可能是新物种进化的自然温室的生态系统。4．答案与解析：B考查推断的实力。第一段讲到南美洲物种丰富，人们认为是物种进化快的结果。但是新探讨却认为物种少的地方产生新物种的速度更快。由此可知，提到南美洲是为了引出话题，提出新探讨的观点。故B项正确。5．答案与解析：A考查理解详细信息的实力。依据第一段中的“areaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster”并结合第四段中的“thebestpredictor...slowly”可知，新物种出现的速度是由该地当时物种的多少确定的。故A项正确。6．答案与解析：A考查理解词汇的实力。依据画线词后的“但事实上可能是新物种进化的自然温室”可知，画线词在逻辑上应与此相反。故A项正确。barren“贫瘠的；不毛的”。7．答案与解析：D考查理解文章主旨要义的实力。文章第一段尾句提出了新探讨的观点：物种较少的地区事实上往往会更快地产生新物种。结合第五段中的“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequently”可知，本文主要讲解并描述物种稀有、环境恶劣的地区产生新物种的速度往往更快。故D项正确。C语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——社会服务——开设读书角【语篇解读】一位名叫Meena的女老师发觉孩子们缺乏阅读后，确定开设一个路边的读书角，以激励他们多读书。8．答案与解析：A考查理解详细信息的实力。依据第一段中的“Theylackguidance...addresstheproblem”可知，Meena要解决孩子们缺乏指导和阅读文化的问题，因此她的读书支配就是为了关爱那些缺乏阅读的孩子们。故选A。9．答案与解析：A考查理解详细信息的实力。依据其次段中的“‘Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread，butthatisokay，’shelaughed”可知，为了让孩子们坐下来阅读，Meena得嘉奖他们一些糖果。故选A。10．答案与解析：B考查推断的实力。依据第四段“Now,generouscontributions...wanttoreadathome”可推断出，她的图书馆很有影响力而且意义重大。故选B。11．答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的实力。依据其次段中的“Inspiredbyasimilarproposal...spendtimereading”并结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲了一位女老师开设路边读书角的故事。所以文章的最佳标题为“路边阅读角”。故选B。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学探讨——“醒悟的休息”【语篇解读】人们一般认为不停地往大脑里输入信息是自我提升的最好方式，但是探讨发觉可能什么也不往大脑里放才是最好的方式。12．答案与解析：A考查理解详细信息的实力。依据其次段中的“Payinglessattentiontosurroundings—whetherbyshowering,pullingweeds,orpettingadog—providesanopportunityforwhatpsychologistscallwakefulrest”可知，wakefulrest就意味着你可以通过淋浴、除草、摩挲狗等方式让大脑放空一下，不过多关注四周环境，故A项正确。13．答案与解析：A考查理解详细信息的实力。依据第三段中的“Thisblanknessmightalsoreduceanxiety,boostcreativity,andimprovememory”可知，大脑放空可以削减焦虑、激发创建力、提高记忆力，故A项正确。14．答案与解析：C考查推断的实力。依据第五段中的“Casualhobbiesthataretotallydifferentfromyourdayjobcanhelppreventout­of­officeanxiety”可知，与你日常工作完全不同的爱好可以让你远离焦虑，所以一个软件工程师压力过大的话，可以尝试做做园艺，这可以让他/她不再感到那么有压力，故C项正确。15．答案与解析：B考查理解文章类型的实力。本文主要讲解并描述了人们一般认为不停地往大脑里输入信息是自我提升的最好方式，但是探讨发觉可能什么也不往大脑里放才是最好的方式。作者还通过脑核磁供应了科学支撑，并给出了一些建议，因此该文章应当源自一篇科学报道，故B项正确。其次节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——探讨发觉——华蜜感会随年龄增长而增加【语篇解读】本文主要探讨人们在年老之后更加欢乐、更少担忧。16．答案与解析：D考查上下文连接。设空处位于其次段最终一句，设空前一句说了探讨团队关于压力水平的发觉，即最高的压力水平出现在哪些年龄段，所以该空可能与压力水平的下降有关。故选D。17．答案与解析：G考查上下文连接。该空前一句说的是随着年龄变大，男人和女人有相像的心情模式，所以此处应接着说基于男女对比的探讨发觉。故选G。18．答案与解析：A考查段落主旨句。空处位于句首。依据后面的说明（一个理论认为，人变老时会变得对他们所拥有的事情更加感谢，而且能更好地限制心情）可知，A项“那么为什么华蜜感会随着年龄增加？”符合语境。故选A。19．答案与解析：E考查段落主旨句。空处位于句首，依据后面的内容可知，人们到了80多岁的时候，睡眠质量问题最少，这是随着变老出现的又一个好处。故选E。20．答案与解析：F考查上下文连接。前一句说，有个流行的观点认为，随着年龄的增长，睡眠问题应当增加。而空后“But”表转折，故可推知此空和前一句为顺承关系，应与睡眠问题的增加有关，故选F。其次部分语言运用第一节语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——旅途趣事——家庭旅途中的经验【语篇解读】“我”和家人在今年夏天一同度假，由于小女儿胆怯 窗户外面的“熊”，所以我们的住宿支配进行了些调整。岳父不知道进行了调整，一心想要和心爱的外孙女亲吻道晚安，却使得小女儿以为熊到访而感觉胆怯 ，由此引发了一场小误会。21．答案与解析：B考查语境推断。依据下文提示“myyoungdaughter...byherself”可知，此处表示关于房间的相关支配，因此选B。22．答案与解析：A考查逻辑推断。依据上文可知，此处表示我们到达地点后安排下来之意。A项为“安排下来”；B项为“破门而入”；C项为“向下看”；D项为“冷静，宁静”。因此选A。23．答案与解析：D考查语境推断和词汇复现。依据下文中的提示see及语境推断，此处应当选D。24．答案与解析：B考查语境推断和词汇复现。依据第一段第一句中的“foraweek”可知，此处应当选B。25．答案与解析：C考查语境推断。依据上文叙述中的“Atbedtime”可知，此处应当是前往卧房（bedroom），因此选C。26．答案与解析：A考查语境推断和逻辑推断。依据语境可知，女儿说她听到了有熊在刮窗户，发出刺耳的声音，所以她应当是担忧的，因此选A。27．答案与解析：D考查词汇复现。依据下文中第29空后的叙述“itwasn'tabear”可知应选D。28．答案与解析：B考查常识推断和语境推断。依据文中叙述和所给的选项可推断，岳父可能是在一楼看电视时睡着了，因此选B。29．答案与解析：D考查逻辑推断。依据上下文叙述可知，“我”的确发觉了窗外有东西，但“我”推断不是女儿所说的熊，因此从逻辑上推断选D。30．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。依据空后的“byastrangesound”可知，“我”被惊奇的声音吵醒了，因此选A。31．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。依据上文叙述可知，“我”的确认定窗外有东西。A项为“影子，轮廓”；B项为“人”；C项为“动物”；D项为“鬼”。事情发生在晚上，“我”看到的应当是影子，因此应当选A。32．答案与解析：C考查逻辑推断。依据上文叙述可推知那个影子在向“我”缓慢移动，inch在此表示“缓慢地移动”。33．答案与解析：D考查逻辑推断。依据上文叙述可知，这是一场误会，空后的awkward也提示“我们”的笑应当是略显尴尬和惊慌。A项为“渴望地”；B项为“真诚地”；C项为“隐私地”；D项为“神经惊慌地”。因此选D。34．答案与解析：B考查语境推断。依据语境可知，是因为“我”和女儿调换了房间，才引起了误会。B项在此处表示变更、转变之意。35．答案与解析：C考查语境推断。依据上文叙述可知，对于“我”而言，比真正的熊到来更为可怕的是“熊爸爸”来和“我”亲吻道晚安。A项为“更美丽的”，B项为“更好玩的”，C项为“更恐怖的”，D项为“更惊奇的”，因此选C。其次节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——宏大人物——钱学森【语篇解读】本文介绍了中国航天发展史上的先驱和奠基人钱学森的状况，重点介绍了他从美国返回中国为国效力的事情。36．答案与解析：when考查定语从句。分析该句结构并依据空前的in1935可知，空处引导定语从句，故填when。该句意为：钱学森1911年诞生于中国，在上海交通高校主修铁道工程，但当他在1935年来到美国攻读硕士学位时，转向了航空专业。37．答案与解析：earned考查动词的时态。依据该句中的时间状语“in1936”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生