新教材适用2024-2025学年高中英语Unit1ScienceFictionSectionⅠReadingandThinking课后习题新人教版选择性必修第四册

SectionⅠReadingandThinking课后训练一起提高一、用适当的介词或副词填空1.Thecompanywilltestanewmachinedesignedbyhim.答案:out2.Heopenedthedoor,seeingayounghandsomemanshorthair.

答案:with3.Theinjuredarebeinglookedbysomepatientnursesnow.

答案:after4.Therichmanissomodestthathetreatshisneighboursdignity.

答案:with5.Hewasluckytohavegotthepositionabigsalaryinthiscompany.答案:with6.TheoldmanpromisedtohelpmewithmyEnglishafavour.

答案:as7.Hedecidedtohaveatalkwiththesaleswomanwhowasrudehiswife.

答案:to8.Hearingthenoise,helookedupatthelightsuspendedtheceiling.

答案:from二、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Itissaidthatthenewmachine(test)outinthatfactoryatthemoment.

答案:isbeingtested2.Iwascaughtinthetrafficjam.Asaresult,Ifailedtokeepthat(appoint).

答案:appointment3.Tobehonest,Ifeltvery(guilt)aboutbreakingmypromise.

答案:guilty4.Sheaskedsomeonetorepairtheoldlamp(suspend)fromtheroof.

答案:suspended5.Theyoungman(dismiss)fromthecompanylastweek.

答案wasdismissed6.Asamatteroffact,hecouldn’tbelievethenews(declare)bythecourt.

答案:declared7.Theguidesuggestedthatallthevisitors(find)sheltersforthenightbythemselves.

答案:(should)find8.Atthatmomenthedidn’tknowthatthechoicewas(change)hiswholelife.

答案:tochange三、完成句子1.这个男孩喜爱足球,而他的弟弟喜爱游泳。Theboyisfondoffootball,.

答案:whereashisbrotherlikesswimming2.老人告知我们以前房子旁边有一棵古树。Theoldmantoldusthattherebefore.

答案:stoodanoldtreenearthehouse3.那个工程师坐在电脑旁,在思索怎样解决这个问题。Theengineerwassittingatthecomputer,.

答案:thinkingabouthowtosolvetheproblem4.他昨天出了车祸,而这起车祸会变更他的将来。Hehadacaraccidentyesterdayandtheaccident.

答案:wastochangehisfuture5.即使我不喜爱他,我也会设法帮他走出逆境的。Iwillmanagetohelphimout.

答案:eventhoughIdon’tlikehim四、阅读理解Modern-dayrobotsmaynotbeasentertainingasR2-D2ortherobotfromLostinSpace,butrobotsareveryimportanttospaceexplorationandarebeingusedinavarietyofdifferentwaysforseveralimportantreasons.Robotsmakegreatexplorersonplanets,themoon,andotherlandingareas.Asidefromtheearth,justabouteverysurfaceinthesolarsystemisunsafeforhumanstoexplore.Theaironmostotherplanetsisnotadequateforhumanstobreathe,makingitnecessarytowearaspacesuitandoxygenequipment.Thetemperaturesonthesesurfacesaremuchtoohighormuchtoolowforanyhumanstowithstand.Plustherewouldbecomplicationswithradiation,weather,andalackofgravity.Robotshavemuchlesslimitationintheseareasandcansurvivemuchlongerundertheseconditions.Robotsaredesignedforcollectingscientificdata.Robotsarealsoabletoperformmanytasksatonetimeandcanprocessinformationmuchquickerandmoreefficiently.Importantscientificprojectsfromdetectingminerals,analyzinggroundsamples,tofindingwaterareallperformedmuchquickerandmoreaccuratelybyrobots.Theuseofrobotshasmadethecostofspaceexplorationmuchlessexpensivethanitwouldcostforhumanstodothework.Inordertosuccessfullysendhumansintospacewewouldneedtobuildavehiclethatcannotonlycarryhumans,butalsocarryenoughfoodandwatertokeepthemaliveforthedurationofthetrip.Moreover,robotshavenoproblemsworkingforhoursonend.Robotsnevercomplain,theydon’trequirefoodorwater,andtheyneverneedabathroombreak.Overthepast30yearsorsotherehavebeenmanydifferenttypesofrobotsusedsuccessfullyintheexplorationofspace.PerhapsthemostfamousandsuccessfulrobotsareSpiritandOpportunitywhohavebothbeenexploringthesurfaceofMars.TheyhavebothbeenverysuccessfulwithexperimentsonsoilandrocksandhaveevenfoundevidenceofwaterinMars’history.1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheDevelopmentofRobotsB.TheDiscoveryofSpaceExplorationC.NoRobots,NoSpaceExplorationD.RobotsAreUsedinSpaceExploration答案D解析标题归纳题。依据第一段中的“...butrobotsareveryimportanttospaceexplorationandarebeingusedinavarietyofdifferentwaysforseveralimportantreasons.”并结合下文可知,本文主要介绍了机器人正用于太空探究,故D项正确。2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Theuseofrobotsinspaceexplorationcostsmorethantheuseofhumans.B.Itisdangerousforhumanstoexploreothersurfacesinthesolarsystemexcepttheearth.C.BothSpiritandOpportunityhavefoundtheevidenceofwaterinMars’history.D.Manydifferenttypesofrobotshaveexploredthespacesuccessfully.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“Theuseofrobotshasmadethecostofspaceexplorationmuchlessexpensivethanitwouldcostforhumanstodothework.”可知,用机器人进行太空探究比人类从事这项工作花费更少,故选A项。3.Theunderlinedword“withstand”inparagraph2mostprobablymeans“”.

A.remainB.bearC.defeat D.develop答案B解析词义揣测题。依据画线词前的“Thetemperaturesonthesesurfacesaremuchtoohighormuchtoolowforanyhumansto...”可知,温度太高或太低,人类都无法忍受,可知画线词意为“忍受”,故B项正确。4.Whatisthewriter’sattitudeinthispassage?A.Negative. B.Persuasive.C.Subjective. D.Objective.答案D解析观点看法题。通读全文可知,作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探究中的应用,并没有带任何感情色调,故D项正确。五、七选五阅读理解IsitamazingtonotethattheInternetisstillsuchanewdevice,andyetitisoneofthefastestandmostpowerfulmediatools.1OntheInternet,abigonlinecompanycanberunbyonlytwoguysintheirgarage.Soitisreasonablethatpeopleshoppingonlinewouldbealittledoubtfulaboutthesecuritylevels.

2Theyworkhardtomakepeoplefeelsafewhentheyareshoppingonline.

Creditcardcompanies,too,quicklyseethepotentialforonlineshopping.3Ifyoueverhaveaproblemwithyouronlinecreditpurchases,manycreditcardcompanieswillhappilyrefund(退款)yourmoneyandthensettheirclawsonthecompanythatwrongedyou.Nowthat’sthebuyingpower!

4Noliningup,forone.Noannoyingmallshoppingcartswithbrokenwheelsandkidscryingbecausetheirparentswon’tgetthemwhattheywant.

Whenshoppingonline,consumerscansitdown,haveacupofcoffee,andweartheirslippers,nothavingtoworryabouttheirhairorparking,andjustclickingthroughsaleaftersale.Comparisonshoppingcouldn’tbeanyeasier.Andexpresscompaniescontributetoitalot.5Nowondersomanycompaniesareshakingtheirheadsattraditionaladvertisingandinsteadlookingtothevirtualworldtoattractonlineshoppers.

A.Internetgiantsknowconsumerconfidenceisthekeytogettingvirtualshoppingofftheground.B.Thereareotheradvantagesforonlineshoppers,ofcourse.C.Shoppingonlinehasbecomepartofourlives.D.Youneverneedtowaitlongerthanadayortwotogetthosepurchasesdeliveredrighttoyourdoor.E.Butthinkaboutitforamoment.F.Consumerscanevenbenefitalotfromshoppingonline.G.Theyhaveinstalledthingslikeonlineshoppinginsuranceforpeople.答案:1~5EAGBD六、完形填空Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown1.

Ilearnedthislessonfroma(n)2manyyearsago.ItooktheheadcoachingjobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.

Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamtoplayagainstthe3teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’tevenpracticetoprepareforthegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Icouldn’t4Ihadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto5thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheyweredependingonme.Ihadtochangemy6abouttheirabilityandpotential.

IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle7.Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthemlikewinners.Thatsummer,whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheir8,wemeteverydayand9passingandkickingthefootball.

Sixmonthsaftersufferingour10onthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto11.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate.Ifeltthatitwouldbea12forusevenifwelostthegame.Butthatwasn’twhathappened.MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,givingmeoneofthegreatest13ofmylife!

FromtheexperienceIlearnedalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan14themembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand15them.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselvesdifferently,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.

Winnersaremade,notborn.1.A.luck B.testsC.efforts D.nature答案:C解析:上一句提到,没有人天生就是赢家,故本句表达“人们通过自己的努力让自己成为赢家”。luck“运气”;test“考试,测验”;effort“努力”;nature“自然界,本能”。故选C项。2.A.experiment B.experienceC.visit D.show答案:B解析:下文讲解并描述了作者的一次经验,故本句句意为“我从多年前的一次经验中明白了这个道理”。experiment“试验”;experience“经验,阅历”;visit“参观,探望”;show“展示,展览”。故选B项。3.A.successful B.excellentC.strong D.new答案:D解析:句意:春季训练结束时,一支老球队与一支新成立的球队对抗是这所学校的传统。依据第三句中的“Beingthecoachofthenewteam,...”可知本题的答案为new。故选D项。4.A.believe B.agreeC.describe D.regret答案:A解析:句意:我无法信任我会处于这样的境地。believe“信任”;agree“同意”;describe“描述”;regret“懊悔,缺憾”。上一句提到,对方球队没有教练,也没有为竞赛做准备,这种状况下,“我”们被击败了,所以“我”无法不敢信任这一状况。故选A项。5.A.realise B.claimC.permit D.demand答案:A解析:依据句中的“Thinkinghardaboutit”可知,此处表示“我”渐渐意识到“我”的球队可能不是佐治亚州最好的球队。realise“意识到”;claim“声称”;permit“允许”;demand“要求,恳求”。故选A项。6.A.decision B.attitudeC.conclusion D.intention答案:B解析:句意:我不得不变更我对他们的实力和潜力的看法。decision“确定”;attitude“看法”;conclusion“结论”;intention“意图,准备”。依据倒数其次段第一句中的“theattitudeoftheleader”可知,作者对队员们的实力和潜力的看法发生了转变。故选B项。7.A.pride B.cultureC.fortune D.relationship答案:A解析:句意:我起先尽我所能来帮助他们增加骄傲感。pride“自尊,骄傲”;culture“文化”;fortune“运气”;relationship“关系”。由上一段可知,“我”训练的球队被一支没有教练、没有准备的球队击败,故队员们的自尊心受到重创。故选A项。8.A.rewards B.vacationsC.health D.honour答案:B解析:句意:那个夏天,当其他球队在享受假期时,我们每天都集合……