Unit+3+The+world+Online+Grammar+and+usage+高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

Unit3TheworldonlineLead-inI'm

hereina

room.我呆坐在这了无生趣的房间，It'sjustanotherrainySundayafternoon.又是一个周日的午后，又是阴雨连绵，I'm

mytime,Igotnothingtodo.我无事可做，我空耗着时间，I'm

around,I'm

foryou.我不安地徘徊，我期待着你的出现，Butnothingeverhappens,andIwonder.但是你终究没有出现，我纳闷.sittingboringwastinghangingwaitingV-ingVerb-ingforms1.Heistalkingwithhisdeskmate.2.Sheconsideredgettinghighmarkatnextexam.3.Thepassagethatwewilllearnisinteresting.4.Stayingawakeintothenightwasanewidea.5.Iamsittinghereinaboringroom.

V-ing:句法功能表宾表主谓、定谓1.Johnsatonthesofa,listeningtomusic.2.Allaresurprisedathissurprisingactions.3.Weallfoundhisideasinterestingandamazing.4.Theystoodtalkingtoeachother.5.Hewassohumorousthathehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.V-ing:句法功能状定宾补状宾补a___________girl=agirlthatisdancingdancingV-ing作定语(Attributive)a__________boysleeping=aboywhoissleepingthe______sunrising=thesunthatisrisingtheteacher______________givingalecture=theteacherwhoisgivingalecturetheboy________________brushinghisteeth=theboywhoisbrushinghisteetha

dancinggirla

sleeping

boythe

rising

suntheteacher

givingalecturetheboy

brushinghisteethV-ing作定语(Attributive)1.V-ing作定语(Attributive)(1)V-ing作定语，表示_______和_______。表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。(2)单个的V-ing作定语,放在被修饰词的______,V-ing短语则放在被修饰词的______。(3)V-ing作定语，可改为__________。前面后面主动进行定语从句Practice1.Don’twakeupthesleeping

baby.Don’twakeupthebaby

.2.Ithinkthereisnothing

interesting.Ithinkthereisnothing

.3.Iliveinahouse

facingthesouth.Iliveinahouse

.whoissleepingthatisinterestingwhichfacesthesouthPractice1.Theman_________(talk)thereismyfather.2.Theboywas___________bythe____________dog.(frighten)3.Theproblem_____________(discuss)nowisofgreatsignificance.4.IhearJane________(sing)intheclassroom.talkingsingingbeingdiscussedfrightenedfrightening2.V-ing作宾补(Objectcomplement)常见的接V-ing作宾补的动词：⑴感官动词:watch,see,hear,feel,notice,smell,find等。⑵使让类：have,keep,get,set,let,leave(使处于；听任)等。Review1.V-ing作定语，表示_______和_______.

单个的V-ing作定语,放在被修饰词的______,V-ing短语则放在被修饰词的______。可改为__________。2.V-ing作宾补，常放在以下动词所接宾语之后：前面后面主动进行定语从句watch,see,hear,feel,notice,smell,find等

have,keep,get,set,let,leave等3.V-ing作状语(Adverbial)

V-ing作状语，可表示：

，

，

，

，

等。时间原因结果条件伴随________ill,hestaysathome.

=

,hestaysathome.Being原因状语Becauseheisill_________hismother,thebabyburstsintolaughter.=

,thebabybursts

intolaughter.Seeing时间状语Whenheseeshismother_______________,youwillsucceed.=

,youwillsucceed.条件状语IfyouworkhardWorkinghardThewasteflowintowater,_______(kill)riverandsealife.killing结果状语=Theysitonthesofa

.They

sitonthesofa,___________(watch)TV.watching伴随状语

andwatchTVBeingill,hestaysathome.Seeing

hismother,thebabyburstsintolaughter.Workinghard,youwillsucceed.Thewasteflowintowater,killingriverandsealife.They

sitonthesofa,watchingTV.V-ing作状语(Adverbial)3.V-ing作时间状语(Adverbialoftime)1.现分的动作与谓语动作同时发生，则用

。2.现分的动作在谓语动作发生之前，则用

。e.g.Havinghadthebreakfast,hewenttoschool.

Visitingthecity,hereceivedawarmwelcome.______________(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.While__________(wait)atthedentist’s,Ireadashortstory.一般式完成式Havingworkedwaiting

语态时态

主动语态

被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone

1.一般式：表示这个动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生。

2.完成式：强调这个动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。2.__________________(ask)toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.1._____________(spend)thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.HavingspentHavingbeenasked1.现分的动作与谓语动作同时发生，则用

。2.现分的动作在谓语动作发生之前，则用

。一般式完成式3.V-ing作状语时，可以在前面加连词。如:when/while...+V-ing。3.V-ing作时间状语(Adverbialoftime)在时间、条件、地点、让步和方式状语从句中，当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词:①Becarefulwhen(youare)

crossingthestreet.②Wemustremembertomaintainharmonybetweenhumanityandnaturewhen

(weare)

planningourdevelopment.复合句中的省略之

状语从句的省略解题技巧：动词与逻辑主语间是

关系，则用V-ing作状语。

fromthehill,youwillfindthecitybeautiful.(see)

fromthehill,thecitylookslikeabeautifulgarden.(see)v-ing作状语(Adverbial)Seeing主动Seen1.他匆忙赶到教室，结果却发现教室空无一人。2.看到妈妈，小男孩高兴地笑了。3.他足够努力，能通过英语考试。4.不知道怎样解出这道令人困惑的数学题，她向老师求助。请运用非谓语翻译下列句子Hehurriedtotheclassroom,onlytofindtheclassroomempty.Seeinghismother,thelittleboysmiledwithjoy.HestudiedhardenoughtopasstheEnglishexam.Notknowinghowtosolvethispuzzlingmathproblem,shetrunedtotheteacherforhelp.ReadthewebsitearticleonP34andanswerthefollowingquestion.WhydidFionaLinsetupthewebsiteJustDance?Becauseshewantedtointroducemorepeopletodancesinceshehadrealizedthatdancehadaverypositiveeffectonherdaughter.PleasecompletethetableinpartA.Verb-ingformsasattributivesVerb-ingformsasadverbialsVerb-ingformsasobjectcomplements

awebsitebelongingtoalldancelovers

Takingadvantageofthesite’sgreatstartshewatchedherdaughterdancingtheladyrunningthewebsiteinspiringstories

HavingachievedsuchsuccessShealwaysfounddancerelaxing.WorkingouttherulesTheverb-ingformcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoradverb,indicatinga(n)(1)

(active/passive)meaning.Whentheverb-ingformisusedasanattributive,itoftencomes(2)

(before/after)thenoun,buttheverb-ingphraseusedasanattributiveisusuallyput(3)___________(before/after)thenoun.Whenusedasanadverbial,theverb-ingformcanexpresstime,reason,orresultorcondition.Theverb-ingformcanalsobeusedasanobjectcomplement.activebeforeafteroperatingthefactoryWalkingstraightdownthisroadnotknowingwhattosayNothavingfinishedhishomeworkthisjobchallengingthemanlisteningtomusicbei