高考英语新设计一轮复习北师大版讲义必修3Unit7TheSea

(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．chimpanzeen．黑猩猩2．dolphinn.海豚3．waterskiingn.滑水4．windsurfingn.风帆滑浪5．theAntarctic南极洲6．sealn.海豹7．penguinn.企鹅8．meltvi.融化，熔化9．discountn.[纵联1]折扣，减价Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．evaluatevt.评估，评价2．signn.手势；符号3．huntv.打猎，猎杀4．collectionn.收集，收取5．explorer_n.探险家6．voyagen.航海；航空7．ban_vt.[纵联2]禁止8．altogetheradv.完全9．handle_vt.[纵联3]对付10．departmentn.部，系，局，部门11．solution_n.解决办法；答案12．presentvt.演示；讲演13．measure_vi.&vt.(长度、数量)为；测量14．escapevi.逃脱，逃跑15．recover_vi.恢复正常；康复16．debaten．[纵联4]辩论，争论Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．participatevi.参加→participationn．参加→participantn．参与者2．arrangevt.安排，准备→arrangementn．安排3．frighteningadj.令人惊恐的，骇人的→frightenvt.(使)惊恐→frightenedadj.害怕的；受惊的→frightn．恐怖；惊恐4．persuadevt.说服，劝服→persuasionn．说服5．apologisevi.道歉→apologyn．道歉6．pollutevt.使污染→pollutionn．污染7．intelligentadj.有灵性的；聪明的→intelligencen．智力，理解力8．energeticadj.有活力的→energyn．精力；活力9．discoveryn．发现→discovervt.发现10．educatevt.教育→educatorn．教育工作者→educationn．教育，培养11．attractvt.吸引→attractionn．吸引人的地方→attractiveadj.吸引人的12．terrifyvt.令人感到恐惧→terrorn．恐怖，恐惧→terrifyingadj.使人感到恐惧的→terrifiedadj.感到恐怖的13．survivevi.幸存，生存下来→survivaln．幸存，生存→survivorn．幸存者，生还者纵联1.由discount想到的①promotionn．促销②retailn．零售③purchasen．&v．购买④wholesalen．批发⑤onsale廉价出售⑥newarrival新品上市纵联2.“(不)许可”词汇大观园①permitv．允许②allowv．允许③forbidv．禁止④banv．&n．禁止⑤prohibitv．禁止纵联3.“处理，对付”常见词①handle②process③solve④do/dealwith⑤treatwith⑥attendto纵联4.debate近义词知多少①arguev．争论，争辩②discussv．讨论，谈论③negotiatev．洽谈，协商④quarrelv．争吵，争论⑤disputev．辩论，争论⑥speakabout/of谈论⑦talkover(反复)讨论单元话题——自然环境之海洋子话题1海洋资源①marinepower海洋动力②marinelife海洋生物③seabedmineralresources海底矿产资源④seawaterchemicalresources海水化学资源子话题2海洋保护①increasen．增加②sharplyadv.急剧地③decreasev．减少④situationn．形势⑤destructionn．破坏；毁灭⑥arousev．叫醒；唤醒⑦protectv．保护⑧awarenessn．意识⑨takeon呈现⑩appealto呼吁[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1．(2015·安徽高考阅读D)Behavinginthisselflessanddevotedmanner,theselittlecreatureshavesurvived❶onEarthformorethan140millionyears,farlongerthandinosaurs.Becausetheythinkasone,theyhaveacollective❷(集体的)❸(intelligent)greaterthanyouwouldexpectfromitsindividualparts.①写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：幸存，生存下来②写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：collection③用所给词的适当形式填空：intelligence2．(2014·安徽高考阅读E)WhenMasqsoodandIftekharbegantostudytheproblemofalltheuncollectedrubbishthatlayinDhaka'sstreets,attracting❶ratsanddisease,theydiscovered❷that80%ofitwasnaturalwaste.Sothey❸(education)thepoorpeopleinthecitytopost(把……制成堆肥)thiswaste.①写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：吸引，在此处为现在分词作状语②写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：discovery③用所给词的适当形式填空：educated3．(2014·湖南高考阅读C)Withoutspecificinformation,it'shardtoestimate❶thecostsandbenefitsofmakingdifferentchoices.Feedback(反馈)facilities,likesmartmetersandenergy❷monitors,couldhelpbridgethisinformationgapbyhelpingpeopleseehowchangingtheirbehaviourdirectlyaffectstheirenergyuse;somestudieshaveshownthathouseholdscanachieveupto15percentenergysavingsusingsmart❸meters.①写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：evaluate，该句中it为形式主语②写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：energetic③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：intelligent高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)其次，我们组建了一支排球队和一支篮球队。两支球队一天训练两个小时，定期参加比赛。(participate)Besides,_our_school_set_up_a_volleyball_team_and_a_basketball_team._Both_teams_train_for_two_hours_a_day_and_participate_in_petitions_regularly.2．(2018·浙江高考书面表达)我听说英语协会现在急需一些志愿者，这引起了我的兴趣。(attract)I've_learnt_that_the_English_Association_of_our_school_is_now_in_need_of_some_volunteers,_which_attracts_my_interest.(二)课堂重点释疑1．arrangevt.安排，准备；整理；排列[记牢](1)arrangetodosth.安排做某事arrangefor为……做准备(安排)arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排某人/物做某事arrangewithsb.aboutsth.与某人商定某事(2)arrangementn.整理；布置；安排makearrangementsfor...为……做好安排[练通]单句语法填空①ThemanagerarrangedforJohnto_drive(drive)theguestshomeaftersupper.②Haveyouarrangedto_take(take)thedrivetestthisweekend?③Ifyouareinterested,pleasesignupattheofficebefore5:00pmsothatwewillmakenecessaryarrangements(arrange)．完成句子④WiththeNation'sDayapproaching,wehave_already_made_arrangements_for_our_trip.随着国庆节的临近，我们已经为我们的旅行做了安排。⑤Iwonderwhethertheemployercanarrange_with_employees_about_the_salarytoday.我不知道今天老板是否能与雇员商定工资。[写美]⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)安排下午2点在礼堂放映一部英文短片GrowingTogether。An_English_short_film,_called_Growing_Together,_is_arranged_to_be_shown_in_the_school_hall_at_2：00_pm.2．persuadevt.说服，劝服；使相信[记牢](1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(persuadesb.todosth.,persuadeodoingsth.))说服某人做某事(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(persuadesb.nottodosth.,persuadesb.outofdoingsth.))说服某人不做某事(3)persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事persuadesb.that...使某人相信……[练通]单句语法填空①MotherfinallymanagedtopersuadelittleTomto_go(go)outforawalkaftersupper.②Itissaidthatitisdifficulttopersuadethecustomersintopurchasing(purchase)medicineontheInternetnowadays.③Inadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument.句型转换④Iamtryingtopersuadehimtogiveuptheattempt.→Iamtryingtopersuadehimintogivinguptheattempt.⑤Wepersuadedhimoutoflendinghismoneytothatuntrustworthyman.→Wepersuadedhimnottolendhismoneytothatuntrustworthyman.[写美]⑥(2015·浙江高考书面表达)我的大多数同学都想去公园，而我想去爬山。我设法说服我的同学接受我的想法。Most_of_my_classmates_wanted_to_go_to_a_park_while_I_had_an_idea_of_climbing_mountains.I_managed_to_persuade_my_classmates_into_accepting_my_idea.3．apologisevi.道歉，谢罪[记牢](1)apologisetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apologisetosb.that...向某人道歉……(2)apologyn.道歉makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉accept/refuseone'sapology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owesb.anapology应向某人道歉[练通]单句语法填空①IapologisetoyouforthedamageIhavedonetoyourbicycle.②Everytimeheinterruptsme,healwaysmakesanapology(apologise)tome.句型转换③Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldapologisetoherdeskmateforherbadbehaviour.→Theteachermadeasuggestionthatsheshouldmakeanapologytoherdeskmateforherbadbehaviour.完成句子④Youshouldn'thavespokentoyourmotherinarudemanner.Youowe_her_an_apology(应该向她道歉)immediately.⑤Pleaseaccept_my_apology(接受我的歉意)fortheinconveniencethismatterhasgivenyou.[写美]⑥(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我应为星期五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。I_owe_you_an_apology__for_the_fact_that_I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_on_Friday_afternoon.4．presentvt.讲演；演示；给予，赠送；颁发；提出；介绍，引见n.现在，目前；礼物adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的[辨清]写出下列句中present的词性及含义①Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.vt.演示②Theaudiencepresentshoutedwithjoyonseeingthefamousstar.adj.出席的，在场的③Mrs.GibertpresentedDario'smotherwithabookofpianomusicbyChopin.vt.赠送④SherememberedhowdifficultitwastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.n.礼物⑤Thepresentsituationistakingaturnforthebetter.adj.现在的，目前的[记牢](1)presentsb.withsth.＝presentsth.tosb.把某物交给/颁发给/授予某人presentsb.tosb.把某人介绍/引见给某人(2)atthepresenttime＝atpresent目前，现在forthepresent就现在来说，暂时(3)bepresentat出席……[练通]单句语法填空⑥Themayorpresentedhimwithagoldmedalatanofficialcityreception.⑦Peoplepresentatthemeetingweremostlyscientistsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.⑧Atpresentthereareoverfivehundredmapprojectsbeingdevelopedin54countries.一句多译教师节这天学生们通常给老师送花。⑨Thestudentsusuallypresent_flowers_to_their_teachersonTeachers'Day.(present...to)⑩Thestudentsusuallypresent_their_teachers_with_flowersonTeachers'Day.(present...with)[写美]⑪(2015·江苏高考书面表达)交通问题是一个很难解决的问题。它不仅影响我们的日常生活，还可能威胁到人们的生活。以上展示的三种选择都是典型的例子。The_traffic_issue_is_a_hard_nut_to_crack.It_not_only_affects_our_everyday_life,_but_may_also_threaten_people's_lives.The_three_selections_presented_above_are_typical_examples.5．attractvt.吸引，引起……的注意；使喜爱；引起……的好感(或爱慕)[记牢](1)attractsb.to...把某人吸引到……attractone'sattention/interest吸引某人的注意/兴趣(2)attractionn.吸引人的事物，吸引力(3)attractiveadj.有魅力的，吸引人的beattractivetosb.对某人有吸引力[练通]单句语法填空①Whatfirstattractedmetoherwasherincredibleexperienceoflife.②Withalltheseattractions(attract),nowondertourismisincreasingwhereverthereisaDisneyland.③Hewashandsomeandintelligentandobviouslyveryattractive(attract)togirls.完成句子④Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleavewhensomethingoccurredthatattracted_my_attention.我感到有点失望，正要离开，这时发生了一件事引起了我的注意。⑤I'llstayfourdaysinBeijingtovisitsome_famous_tourist_attractions.我会在北京待4天，游览一些著名的旅游景点。[写美]⑥(2017·江苏高考书面表达)因此，电影产业应该做出更大的努力来吸引更多的观众。Therefore,_the_film_industry_should_make_greater_efforts_to_attract_more_viewers.6．measurevi.&vt.(长度、数量)为；测量；衡量n.计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸[记牢](1)measure...by...用……来衡量……bemeasuredby/in用……来衡量/计算(2)takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.采取措施做某事makesth.tosb.'smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物[练通]单句语法填空①Itfoundmanyyoungstersnowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapprovaltheygetonline.②Somevillagersreportedahugesnake,measuring(measure)overtwometerslong,wasfounddeadinanearbycave.完成句子③Therefore,it'shightimewetook_measures_to_preventwaterfrombeingpolluted.因此，现在是我们采取措施防止水被污染的时候了。④Thesuitfitsmewellbecauseitis_made_to_my_measure.这套套装很合我身，因为是量身定做的。[用准]measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式；作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态，若其短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。[写美]⑤(2013·重庆高考书面表达)它们的数量不足1000只，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效的措施来保护它们。The_number_of_them_is_less_than_1,000,_so_I_hope_you_can_take_some_effective_measures_to_protect_them.7．escapevi.逃脱，逃跑vt.被忘掉，被忽视n.逃走，逃脱[记牢](1)escapefrom/outof...从……中逃脱escape(doing)sth.避免/逃脱(做)某事(2)makeone'sescape逃走anarrowescape九死一生[练通]单句语法填空①Heescapedbeing_killed(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.②Seeingthepoisonousgasescapingfromthebrokenpipe,hesoundedthealarm.完成句子③LastyearIhad_a_narrow_escape,_soIdon'twanttoriskmylifeasecondtime.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。④Weshouldknowhowtoescape_from_a_fireincaseofemergency.我们应该知道如何在火灾发生时逃离火场。[写美]⑤(2014·湖北高考书面表达)与那个从现场逃跑的司机相比，我为我所做的感到骄傲。pared_with_the_driver_who_escaped_from_the_spot,_I_am_proud_of_what_I_did.8．survivevi.幸存，生存下来vt.幸免于，幸存；比……活得长[记牢](1)surviveon靠……幸存/生存survivesb.by...比……活得长……survivesth.幸免于……；从……中活过来survivefrom...从……存活下来/流传下来(2)survivaln.幸存，继续存在；幸存物，残存物survivorn.幸存者，生还者[练通]单句语法填空①Manyofthepeasantsmanagedtosurviveontinyplotsofcornandbeans.②Officialssaidtherewerenosurvivors(survive)intheplanecrash.③Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvival(survive)ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.完成句子④Peoplewhosurvive_fromtheearthquakewillremembertheirterribleexperiencesforever.那些在地震中幸存下来的人将永远不会忘记他们可怕的经历。⑤Themansurvived_his_wife_byfiveyears,duringwhichhelivedinasmallhouse.那个男子比他妻子多活了五年，在此期间他一直住在一所小房子里。[写美]⑥(2018·浙江高考书面表达)同时，我的马受惊了，突然跳起来，疯狂乱窜。有那么一瞬间，我以为自己活不下来了。Meanwhile,_my_horse_got_frightened,_jumped_up,_and_ran_around_wildly.For_a_moment,_I_thought_I_could_not_survive.[词汇过关综合训练]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thepaintingesfromhisprivatecollection(收藏)．2．Herefusedtoallowhissecretarytohandle(处理)confidentialletters.3．Onlyfourpeoplemanagedtoescape(逃离)beforetheroofcollapsed.4．Theydebated(争论)foroveranhouronthemeritsofdifferentsystems.5．Itcantakemanyyearstorecover(恢复正常)fromthedeathofalovedone.6．Wemeasured(测量)theroomandfounditwas20feetlongand15feetwide.7．Ofthosewoundedinthebattle,onlythreesurvived(幸存),andnowtheyallhavepassedaway.8．Ofcoursenoprofessionalsmayparticipate(参与)intheamateurtennistournament.9．Ifaninterviewistooeasy,it'sasuresign(预兆)thatyouhaven'tgotthejob.10．Hismotherlikesbuyingclothesindiscount(折扣)stores.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Idon'thaveanyfurtherinformationaboutGeorgeatpresent.2．It'ssurprisingthathesurvivedonabottleofwaterintheearthquake.3．I'vearrangedfortheneighborstofeedthecatwhileweareaway.4．Hehadthegracetoapologisetomefortheinsultingremark.5．Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuring(measure)over90meters.6．Attracted(attract)bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.7．Hewilltryandpersuadehiscolleaguesto_change(change)theirminds.8．Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience,especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.9．Theexplorer(explore)toldtheboysabouthisadventureintheArctic.10．Mygrandfatherisasenergetic(energy)asayoungmanandhatessittingarounddoingnothingallday.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Nowadays,withpeople'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionincreasing,cyclingbeesmoreandmoreattractivewithpeople.第二个with→to2．Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedonearliertimes.on→from3．Billarrangedthismantoshowusaroundthemuseum.arranged后加for4．You'dbettermakeapologytoyourteacherforyourbeinglate.apology前加an5．Thelittlegirlwassofrighteningthatsheburstoutcrying.frightening→frightenedⅣ.完成句子1．Wefinallypersuaded_him_ofthewisdomofthisdecision.我们最终使他相信这个决定是明智的。2．Wedon'tdoubtthattheboywillapologise_to_the_angry_teacher.我们相信这个男孩会向生气的老师道歉。3．Thoughnooneknewit,itwasthelasttimehewould_be_present_at_the_meeting.尽管没人知道，但这是他最后一次出席会议了。4．Itishightimethatwetook/should_take_measures_to_protect_endangered_animals.是我们采取措施保护濒危动物的时候了。5．Wehave_made_all_the_arrangements_for_the_conferencethatwillbeheldnextweek.我们已做好下周将要召开的会议的全部筹备工作。(一)课前自主学习1．participate_in[串记1]参加2．on_one's_own独自地；独立地3．fill_out填写4．set_sail启航5．according_to根据，依照6．deal_with处理；对付7．make_sense有道理，有意义8．in_addition_to[串记2]除……以外还有9．get_into_trouble陷入麻烦，陷入困境10．make_it_to到达11．in_search_of寻找，寻求12．make_a_living[串记3]谋生13．watch_out[串记4]注意14．all_at_once突然，忽然15．pick_up取，接载；无意到16．be_covered_with覆盖[同根短语串记]串记1.“参加”词汇小聚①join②takepartin③participatein④joinin⑤attend串记2.“除……之外”词汇知多少①inadditionto②except(for)③aside/apartfrom④besides⑤but(for)串记3.make常用搭配①makealiving谋生②makeafortune发财③makeamess弄糟④makeament作出评论⑤makeadifference有影响⑥makesense有道理⑦makeadecision作决定⑧makeagreateffort作很大的努力串记4.“小心，注意”小聚①watchout注意②becareful小心③lookout注意；当心④takecare小心，当心1．everytwohours每两小时2．a“virtualreality”trip一次“虚拟现实”之旅3．thesoonerthebetter愈早愈好4．withalightontheirbody身体上有一盏灯5．goroundincirclesatgreatspeed以极快的速度绕圈子6．thefirstEuropeansto_reachAmerica第一批到达美洲的欧洲人7．findhimselfinanunknownland发现自己在一个陌生的地方1．It'sthree_times_as_bigunderwater.(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。2．Youcertainlywon't_find_a_noisier_fish.你肯定不会发现比这更吵的鱼了。3．Oneday,mytwobrothersandIwereingbackfromtheislands,our_boat_full_of_fish.那一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。4．Ourboatsurvived,andIwas_trying_to_recover_whenmyelderbrotherputhismouthclosetomyear,andscreamedouttheterrifyingword“Whirlpool！”我们的船幸存下来了，我正竭力(从恐惧中)回过神来，就在这时，哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁，大声说出那个令人胆战心惊的词“漩涡”。[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块与句式1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)Takeyourselfoutofyourfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)participate_in2．(2018·北京高考阅读七选五)Also,sometimespre­angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)deal_with高考采撷(二)写作中的词块与句式(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2018·浙江高考书面表达)突然，一只小兔子从我的马前面跳了出来。我太紧张了，差点从马背上摔下来。(allatonce)All_at_once,_a_little_rabbit_jumped_out_in_front_of_my_horse.I_was_so_nervous_that_I_narrowly_fell_off_the_horse_back.2．(2014·福建高考书面表达)我正要放弃，这时我父亲来鼓励我继续前进。(bedoing...when...)I_was_giving_up_when_my_father_came_and_encouraged_me_to_keep_going.(二)课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．getintotrouble陷入麻烦，陷入困境[记牢]geto/outoftrouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境ask/lookfortrouble自找麻烦，自讨苦吃introuble处于困境中taketroubletodo/doingsth.尽心尽力地做某事havetroublewithsth./(in)doingsth.在(做)某事方面有麻烦/吃力[练通]单句语法填空①Ifwegivewaytoourfeelingsandletthemtakeover,wecangetintotrouble.②PeopleusuallyturntoGoogleforhelpwhenintrouble.③Walkingarounddowntownlateatnightisjustaskingfortrouble.完成句子④Ifyourknowledgeisabundantenough,you'llhave_no_trouble_answeringthesequestions.如果你的知识足够丰富，你就能毫不费力地回答这些问题。⑤Somepeoplealwaystake_great_trouble_to_achieve/achieving_some_goalswhicharebeyondtheirability.有些人总是追求一些力所不能及的目标。[写美]⑥(2014·安徽高考书面表达)重要的是要学会控制你的脾气，这样你才不会陷入麻烦，不会做任何后悔的事或说任何后悔的话。The_important_thing_is_to_learn_to_control_your_temper_so_that_you_may_not_get_into_trouble,_do_or_say_anything_you'll_regret.2．makeitto及时到达(to为介词)[记牢]makeit获得成功；准时到达(尤其在困难情况下)；幸免于难；渡过难关makeit＋时间定在某个时间makeitthrough...挺过……，熬过……[练通]完成句子①Formanywhomade_it_toDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.然而，对于许多成功到达道森的人来说，这次艰难的旅行是值得的。②Let'smake_it_8：00_amtomorrowifyouwanttogototheparkwithme.如果你想和我去公园的话，让我们把时间定在明天上午8点吧。③Weshouldhaveconfidenceinourselvesandbelievewecanmake_it.我们应该对自己有信心并且坚信我们会成功。[写美]④(2018·浙江高考书面表达)“我们可能不能及时赶回农舍吃晚饭了。”我心里想。“We_may_not_be_able_to_make_it_back_to_the_farm_house_in_time_for_supper.”_I_thought_to_myself.3．pickup取，接载；拾起，捡起；收听(节目)；无意到；廉价买到；恢复健康；情况好转；收拾[辨清]写出下列句中pickup的含义①Theroommustbepickedupbeforetheguestsarrive.收拾②MyradiocanpickuptheBBCprogrammesclearly.收听③Theschoolbuspicksupthechildrenthreetimeseveryday.接载④It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpickedupRussiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.(偶然)学会⑤BusinesshasbeendepressedbuttheyexpectittopickupagainbeforeChristmas.情况好转[记牢]pickout挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解pickoff摘掉；摘下来[练通]单句语法填空⑥Thatpileontheleftaretheonesthathavebeenpickedoutforthelibrary.⑦Theinsecticidemightharmtheflowers.Let'spickofftheinsectsbyhand.[写美]⑧(2015·广东高考书面表达)萨莉走上讲台，拿起一根粉笔在黑板上写道：“规则一：我们是一家人！”Sally_walked_onto_the_platform,_picked_up_a_piece_of_chalk_and_wrote_on_the_blackboard：“Rule_1：We_are_family！”[句式集释]1．倍数表达法[教材原句]It'sthree_times_as_bigunderwater.[悟拓展例句](1)Theredruleristhree_times_as_long_astheyellowone.＝Theredruleristhree_times_longer_thantheyellowone.＝Theredruleristhree_times_the_length_oftheyellowone.这把红尺子是那把黄尺子的三倍长。(2)Thepopulationnowinthisvillageisfive_times_what_it_wastenyearsago.现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。(3)Ourgrainoutputwillbe10_times_that_of1960.我们的粮食产量将是1960年的10倍。[析用法规则]用法归纳这是一个倍数表达法的常用句型，结构为：倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...。常见的倍数表达法还有：(1)A＋谓语＋倍数＋thesize(length,width,depth...)of＋B(2)A＋谓语＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than＋B(3)A＋谓语＋倍数＋what从句(4)A＋谓语＋倍数＋thatof...[背写作佳句](1)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Ourschoolhasagymnasiumwithmodernfacilities,itisthreetimesbiggerthanamonclassroom.(要点句)(2)(2016·四川高考满分作文)Secondly,summervacationistwicelongerthanthewinterholiday.(要点句)2．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义[教材原句]Youcertainlywon't_find_a_noisier_fish.[悟拓展例句](1)Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethanany_otherbook.＝Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethanall_the_otherbooks.＝Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethanany_of_the_otherbooks.这本书对我影响最大。(2)—MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?—Ofcourse.Youcan_never_be_too_carefulwiththat.——做完饭后我必须关上煤气吗？——当然，在用煤气方面越小心越好。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)用形容词的比较级形式表示最高级含义的结构有：·比较级＋than＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋单数名词,alltheother＋复数名词,anyoneelse,anyoftheother＋复数名词))·not(never,nothing等表示否定意义的词)＋a/an＋比较级＋单数名词(2)英语中其他可表示最高级意义的结构：·完成时＋never＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋adj./adv.,so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数,such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数))·否定词＋比较级(＋than...)，通常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”·never/not＋enough/too...“再……也不过分；越……越……”[背写作佳句](1)(2015·四川高考满分作文)ThisisLiXia.IlearnedfromyourpostthatyouwanttoimproveyourMandarin.Iamquiteinterestedinit.IthinkI'mnottoofitforit.(开头句)(2)(2014·江西高考满分作文)Iamsurethatwithgreatefforts,youwon'tenjoyamorecolorfulandfruitfullifehere.(要点句)(3)(2015·湖南高考满分作文)Asastudent,Icantellyouthatthereisnothingbetterthanbeingpraisedbymyteacherbeforemyclassmates.(要点句)[词块、句式过关综合训练]Ⅰ.选词填空getintotrouble，participatein，pickup，makesense，makealiving，insearchof，makeitto，allatonce1．IfIdon'tgetthisfinishedintime,I'llget_into_trouble.2．Hehashadtotravelthroughthecountryin_search_ofwork.3．Itjustdoesn'tmake_sense.Whywouldshedoathinglikethat?4．All_at_once,_weheardashotandthesoldierfelldowntotheground.5．Onlandwithrichsoil,localfarmerscangrowcropstomake_a_living.6．Itdidn'ttakemelongtopick_upthebasicknowledgeofthelanguage.7．Eventhoughhecouldn'tswim,hemanagedtomake_it_totheriverbankwithhisfriends'help.8．Mostchildrenatschoolhopethattheycanparticipate_inactivitiesthatappealtothemafterclassinsteadofjustdoingtheirhomework.Ⅱ.完成句子/一句多译1．我们在应尽量避免惹麻烦。Weshouldtrynottoget_into_troubleatschool.2．中华文化早在数千年前就走向了世界。Chineseculturemade_it_to_the_worldthousandsofyearsago.3．我正在街上散步，这时突然发生了一起事故。Iwas_walking_in_the_street_whenanaccidenthappened.4．多么好的一篇小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。Whatawonderfulnovel!Ihave_never_read_a_more_moving_one.5．众所周知，地球是月球的49倍大。①It'sknowntousthatthe_earth_is_49_times_as_large_as_the_moon.(as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...)②It'sknowntousthatthe_earth_is_49_times_larger_than_the_moon.(形容词/副词比较级＋than...)③It'sknowntousthatthe_earth_is_49_times_the_size_of_the_moon.(the＋n.＋of...)Ⅲ.分步写作假设你是李华，暑假你通常会和Lisa一起去度假。今年你们打算邀请在北京学习的美国朋友Ben和你们去海南三亚度假。请你写一封e­mail向Ben发出邀请，要点如下：1．海南三亚度假两周；2．参加一周的潜水课程；3．负责预订航班和酒店；4．周四之前回复是否加入。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：潜水课程divingcourseDearBen，Timegoesfast.Anothersummerisingagain.Wehopeyoucanealong.Yours，LiHua第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本写作属于应用文中的普通书信，就“邀请在北京学习的美国朋友Ben和你们去海南三亚度假”为话题写一封邀请信，人称为第一人称，时态为一般现在时。要点如下：海南三亚度假两周；参加一周的潜水课程；负责预订航班和酒店；周四之前回复是否加入。写作时要点表达力求准确全面，避免跑题。要点1：海南三亚度假两周。Have_a_holiday_in_Sanya,_Hainan_Province_for_two_weeks.要点2：参加一周的潜水课程。Take_diving_courses_for_a_week.要点3：负责预订航班和酒店。Be_responsible_for_booking_flights_and_hotels.要点4：周四之前回复是否加入。Reply_to_whether_to_join_before_Thursday.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼内容是要点的进一步升华和补充，因此为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行升级改造，使之更加完美、地道。如对要点1使用and并列句以及委婉用语引出下文；要点2使用thefirstweek引导的时间状语从句，以及通过增加“想象”这一细节，增强要点的可读性，同时也表达了作者邀请的真诚；要点3使用as引导的原因状语从句，使前后因果明了，凸显了要点的明确性；要点4使用if引导的条件状语从句，使邀请更加委婉客气。拓展1－①：Lisa和我将像往常一样去度假。我们一直想去海南省的三亚市，并计划在那里度过两个星期。(and并列句)Lisa_and_I_will_go_on_vacation_as_usual.We_always_want_to_go_to_Sanya_in_Hainan_Province_and_have_planned_to_spend_two_weeks_there.拓展1－②：如果你能参加我们的旅行，我们将非常高兴。(委婉用语)We_would_be_very_delighted_if_you_could_join_us_on_this_trip.拓展2－①：我们在那里的第一周期间将学习潜水课程。(thefirstweek)The_first_week_we_stay_there,_we_will_take_diving_courses.拓展2－②：想象一下和鱼儿一起在水下游泳！我等不及了！(imagine)Just_imagine_swimming_under_water_with_the_fishes!_I_can't_wait!拓展3：别担心细节，Lisa会负责预订航班和预订酒店。(as引导的原因状语从句)Don't_worry_about_the_details,_as_Lisa_will_take_care_of_booking_the_flights_and_reserving_the_hotel.拓展4：如果你想参加，我需要你在周四之前回复。(if引导的条件状语从句)If_you_want_to_participate_then_I_need_you_to_reply_by_Thursday.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡开头发出邀请；中间列举要点，使用各种高级句式及表达，使要点更加完美丰满；结尾表达期待和愿望。Dear_Ben，Time_goes_fast.Another_summer_is_ing_again._Lisa_and_I_will_go_on_vacation_as_usual.We_always_want_to_go_to_Sanya_in_Hainan_Province_and_have_planned_to_spend_two_weeks_there.We_would_be_very_delighted_if_you_could_join_us_on_this_trip.The_first_week_we_stay_there,_we_will_take_diving_courses.Just_imagine_swimming_under_water_with_the_fishes!_I_can't_wait!_Don't_worry_about_the_details,_as_Lisa_will_take_care_of_booking_the_flights_and_reserving_the_hotel.If_you_want_to_participate_then_I_need_you_to_reply_by_Thursday.We_hope_you_can_e_along.Yours，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(七)说明文之事物类——抓说明对象，根据事物特点巧解题事物类说明文一般在首段给出说明对象，然后从几个方面对事物进行客观说明。因此，该类文章的行文结构一般较为简单，阅读时不要拘泥于细枝末节，浏览完全文后，带着题干中的关键词，再次跳读原文查找答案出处，认真比对，从而得出正确答案。[高考典例]2018·天津卷·C篇[抓事物特点][高考典例]2018·天津卷·C篇[读文解题技法]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(\o(\s\up7(点明),\s\do5(说明)),对象))特点1特点2关键词特点3特点4[1]There'sanewfrontierin3Dprintingthat'sbeginningtoeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisn'tstoppingthere.[2]Witha3Dprinter,acookcanprintplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re­createformsandpieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesa