江苏省南京师范大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末模拟测试试题（含解析）

江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2021届高三英语上学期期末模拟测试试题（含解析）考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwasthelastplacethemanvisited?A.Rome.B.Thailand.C.China.2.Whydoesn’tthewomanadvisethemantogotothestorearoundthecorner?A.Theclothestherearenotgood.B.Theclothesthereareallskirts.C.Theclothesthereareexpensive.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.4.Whatdidthemanplantodoatfirst?A.VisitProfessorBrown.B.Attendaclass.C.Watchamovie.5.Whatisthemanaskingabout?A.Hisbill.B.Ahouserent.C.WirelessInternetrise.第二节(共15小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howwastheweatheryesterday?A.Stormy.B.Cloudy.C.Foggy.7.Whatdidthemando?A.HetookDougtothehospital.B.Hehelpedremoveatree.C.Hevisitedsomefriends.请听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatkindofticketdoesthemanbuy?A.SaverReturn.B.FirstOpenReturn.C.StandardOpenReturn.9.Howdoesthemanpay?A.Bycreditcard.B.Bycheck.C.Incash.10.HowlongdoesittaketogettoCambridgebytrain?A.Anhour.B.Anhourand9minutes.C.Twohoursand9minutes.请听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdidSallyRidedoin1983?AShegraduatedfromcollege.B.ShejoinedNASA.C.Sheenteredspace.12.HowmanytimesdidSallyRideenterspace?A.1.B.2.C.3.13.WhatdidSallyRidefocusonaftersheleftNASA?A.EncouragingAmericankidstobeinterestedinSTEM.B.EncouragingAmericankidstobeeastronauts.C.Encouragingmorewomentobeeastronauts.请听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatdoweknowaboutTheInventionofHugoCabret?A.Itisapicturebookwithoutwords.B.Itisover500pageslong.C.Itismainlyforlittlekids.15.WhichisthefirstnoveltowintheCaldecottMedal?A.TheHoudiniBox.B.WheretheWildThingsAre.C.TheInventionofHugoCabret.16.Wheredidthemanreceivehisfirstaward?A.Fromanelementaryschoo1.B.Fromapublishinghouse.C.Fromthegovernment.17.Howdidthemanfeelafterreceivinghisfirstaward?A.Surprised.B.Motivated.C.Relaxed.请听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthewomandoafterreceivingherbirthrecordinthemail?A.ShecalledOhio’shealthdepartment.B.ShechangedherFacebookprofile.C.ShesearchedontheInternet.19.Howdidthewomanmunicatewithherbirthmother?ABycallingher.B.Bygoingtothefrontdesk.C.ByvisitingherFacebookpage.20.Howoldisthewoman’smothernow?A.38.B.43.C.53.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节:(共1S小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AWeknowthatSt.Patrick’sDayfestivitiesmayincludealittlebitofdrinking.ButthereareplentyofkidsafeSt.Patrick’sDayeventsaroundmetroPhoenix,too.HerearetheluckySt.Patrick’sDaycelebrationsforkids.3/17：LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakesKidscanmaketheirowntreatsattheChildren’sMuseumofPhoenixthisSt.Patrick’sDay.Childrencanmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepotsofgold.Togocontainerswillalsobeprovided.Details:1—3p.m，Friday,March17.Children’sMuseumofPhoenix,215N.7thStreet,Phoenix.$3formembers.$4fornonmembers.6022530501.3/17一19:FountainO’GreenArtisanMarketThismunityfestivalwillincludesculpturespaintings，handcraftedjewelryandapparelfromselectedlocalandregionalartists,livemusicanddanceperformancethroughouttheweekend.Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.OnFriday,emeraldcoloredwaterwillshootfromthetown’sfountainatnoon.Takethekidstoseetheannualtraditionandpicnicinthepark.Details:10a.m.—5p.m.,Friday—Sunday,March17—19.AvenueoftheFountainsandSaguaroBoulevard,FountainHills.Free.4804882014.3/17：St.Patrick’sDayPartyatAZAirTimeKidsabove12yearsoldcancollecttheirfree,greenglownecklacesandjumpforthreehours,scaletherockclimbingwallordiveintothegiantpitoffoam.Jumpsocksrequired.Details：8—11p.m.Friday,March17.AZAirTime,13802N.ScottsdaleRoad，Suite145,Scottsdale.$15,whichisa$14savings,480—4272000.1.Whichtelephonenumbercanpeoplecallatiftheywanttomakeanddecoratecupcakes?A.6024272014. B.4804882014.C.4804272000. D.6022530501.2.Inwhichprogramcankidsfindthefoodcourt?A.St.Patrick’sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.B.FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket.C.St.Patrick’sDayatAZAirTime.D.LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes.3.Whichprogramisfreeforchildren?A.LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes.B.St.Patrick’sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.C.Fountain0’GreenArtisanMarket.D.St.Patrick’sDayatAZAirTime.4.Forwhomisthepassageintendedfor?A.Parentsofyoungerchildren.B.Peopleaddictedtoalcohol.C.Organizersoffestivals.D.Educalorsandbusinessmen.【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了在爱尔兰圣帕特里克节期间的各种适合孩子们玩耍的安全又有趣的活动，并对这些活动进行了简单的介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes部分的“Childrencanmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepotsofgold.”（孩子们可以用彩虹糖果和黄金巧克力罐来制作和装饰他们的纸杯蛋糕。）和“6022530501”可知，如果人们想制作和装饰纸杯蛋糕，可以拨打6022530501这个。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket部分的“Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.”（这里还会有一个美食广场。）可知，孩子们可以在FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket这个活动中找到美食广场。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket部分的“free”（免费的）可知，FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket这个活动是免费的。故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“ButthereareplentyofkidsafeSt.Patrick’sDayeventsaroundmetroPhoenix,too.HerearetheluckySt.Patrick’sDaycelebrationsforkids.”（但是在大都市凤凰城附近也有很多对于儿童安全的圣帕特里克节活动。以下是为孩子们准备的圣帕特里克节庆祝活动。）可知，本文主要介绍了圣帕特里克儿童节庆祝活动的相关信息，孩子们可以在凤凰城的博物馆里做好吃的，家长带着孩子们去参加一年一度的活动。由此可知，本文主要写给有小孩的家长。故选A。BAboutthreedecadesago,Chinawasknownasthe"BicycleKingdom".Butlateron,bikeswerereplacedbytheirfuelpoweredpetitors.ButrecentmonthshaveseenarecoveryofthehumblebikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadofdrivingtoschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbikesharingschemes,pioneeredbystartupslikeOfoandMobike,hasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Peoplecanunlockthesharedbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphone.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They'repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe"lastmile"problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney."Inplaceswherethesubwaydoesn'textend,whereit'sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother,it'ssoeasytogetwhereyouwanttogowithMobike,"HuHong,29,toldAFP.Shepedals(骑车)toherShanghairealestatejob.However,theschemeshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,vandalism(故意毁坏)andtheft.Lastmonth，twonursesinBeijingwereplacedunderadministrativepunishmentforfivedaysforputtinglocksontwosharedbikes.AndinDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbikewassentencedtoa3monthdetention(拘留)，andfined1,000yuanbytheShanghaiMinhangPeople'sCourt."Bikesharingisagreenermethodoftransportationandprovidesauserfriendlyexperience，"saidLiuXiaoming，viceministeroftransport."Butit'sabinationofonlineandofflinebusiness.Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems."Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsaretryingtosolvetheproblems.Forexample,abikesharingpanycalledMobikesetsa100pointcreditscoreforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80，bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.51yuan.5.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothe"lastmile"problem?A.Missingthebusinessplaneforthetrafficjam.B.Togettosomewherethesubwaycanreach.C.Havingtroublesinchangingfrombustotaxi.D.Toremovethelastrockintheway.6.Whatreasoncausesmanyproblemsinbikesharing?A.Somepeoplemakedamagetothebikesonpurpose.B.Operatorslackofflinebusinessexperience.C.Thebikesharingbusinessistooplicatedtorun.D.Therearenorelativelawsonthisbusiness.7.Whyarethebikesharingsystemspopular?A.Theyareveryeffective. B.Theycanbepickedupanywhere.C.TheyareequippedwithGPS. D.Theyhelpsolvethelastmileproblem.8.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BickesPedalingBackIntoStylesB.ANewWayofTransportationsC.RidingaMobicycleforFreeD.BicycleKingdomBecameFamousAgain【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.A【解析】文章讲述了近期中国的“共享单车”受欢迎现象，并陈述了其受欢迎的原因。共享单车是一种更环保的交通方式，但也有很多问题。中国的服务运营商正在积极地解决这些问题。【5题详解】C细节理解题。根据题干"lastmile"problem，锁定信息源为第三段"whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney"．再细读这一段可以知道"Inplaceswherethesubwaydoesn'textend""在地铁不延伸的地方，故B项不正确；"whereit'sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother,it'ssoeasytogetwhereyouwanttogowithMobike,"（当很难从一种运输方式转变到另一种运输方式，骑自行车很容易去你想去的地方），故C项正确；D项（移除路上的岩石）及A项（由于交通堵塞，商务飞机误点了）都不属于最后一程（lastmile"problem）。因此正确答案为C项。【6题详解】B细节理解题。根据最后一段"Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems."可以推断出导致共享单车系统出现问题的原因是lackofflinebusinessexperience，所以解决这个问题就需要增加线下运营经验。故正确选项为B。【7题详解】D【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.进行推断。【答案定位】根据第三段They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.可知，共享单车受欢迎是因为它有效地解决了人们最后一英里的问题。【推理关系】题干Whyarethebikesharingsystemspopular?☞文章内容They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.【答案】provideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem.☞D选项Theyhelpsolvethelastmileproblem.☞关键词aneffectivesolutionto和solvethelastmileproblem【名师点睛】根据事实细节，推断合理信息。根据事实细节，推断合理信息要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。根据事实细节推理信息所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句细节进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。【8题详解】A主旨大意题。本文先叙述自行车曾被燃烧动力所取代。但最近在中国出现了自行车共享。使用共享单车简单又方便。自行车共享是一种更环保的交通方式，提供了一种用户友好的体验。所以日渐流行。分析内容可知，是说自行车时代又到来了。分析选项可知A（自行车时代的回归）符合题意，故选A项。CScientistssaytheyhavefoundhighlevelsofsmallplasticparticles(颗粒)inArcticsnow.AGermanSwissresearchteamcollectedsnowsamples(样本）fromtheArcticandotherareas.TheyincludednorthernGermany,theBavarianandSwissAlps,andtheNorthSeaislandofHeligoland.Whentheresearchersexaminedthesamplesinalaboratory,theyweresurprisedtofindveryhighlevelsofmicroplastics.Microplasticsareverysmallpiecesofplastic.Theseplasticparticlesaregenerallysmallerthan5millimetersinlength.Theyefromthebreakdownofmanmadeplasticproductsandindustrialwaste.ThestudyfoundthehighestlevelsofmicroplasticscamefromtheBavarianAlps.Onesnowsamplefromtheareahad154,000microplasticparticlesperliter.SamplescollectedfromtheArctichadmuchlowerlevels.However,evensamplesfromtheArcticcontainedupto14,000particlesperliter.Thestudyalsoattemptedtoexplorehowsomeofthematerialcouldhavebeencarriedintheatmosphere.Alimitednumberofearlierstudiesdidfindmicroplasticsintheairofsomecities,includingParis,TehranandDongguan,China.BergmannMelaniecowrotethereportonthenewstudy.Shebelievesthenewstudyclearlyshowsthat“themajorityofthemicroplasticinthesnowesfromtheair.”ThenewstudysuggeststhatmuchofthemicroplasticfoundinEuropeandtheArcticesfromtheatmosphereandsnow.Whilethereisgrowingconcernabouttheeffectofmicroplasticsontheenvironment,scientistsarestillstudyingtheirpossibleharmfuleffectsonhumansandanimals.“Ihopethenewstudywillleadtomoreresearchonthisissue.Ithinkmicroscopicplasticparticlesshouldbeincludedinworldwideobservationsofairpollutionlevels.Wereallyneedtoknowwhateffectsmicroplasticshaveonhumans,especiallyifinhaledwiththeairthatwebreathe.”Bergmannsaid.9.Whydidscientistscollectsamplesfromsomanyplacesinparagragh1?A.Tomaketheresearchconvincing.B.Toattractpeopletoexplorethere.C.Tomeasurethelengthofmicroplastics.D.Toexaminethesampleseasilyinthelab.10.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Therisksofmicroplastics.B.Thetransportofmicroplastics.C.Thebreakdownofplasticproducts.D.Thedescriptionofmicroplastics.11.Whatdidtheresearchteamfindaboutmicroplastics?A.ManypeoplethrewthemawayattheAlps.B.Theyweredeliveredtoremoteareasthroughair.C.Theycouldbecaughtsightofintheair.D.Theyhadnogreateffectontheenvironment.12.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatBergmannsaidinthelastparagraph?A.Scientistsareworriedaboutthetheinfluenceofmicroplastics.B.Wehavefoundapracticalsolutiontotheenvironmentproblem.C.Theeffectofmicroplasticsonhumanmustbeurgentlyresearched.D.Thereisnoneedtochangeobservationsofairpollutionlevels.【答案】9.A10.D11.B12.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极冰雪中的微塑料，研究人员通过采集不同地区的微塑料样品探究了其传播途径以及对人类的影响。【9题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三、四、五段内容可知，第一段提到研究人员在许多地方采集样品是为了比较各地微塑料存在的数量，以及后期进一步研究发现微塑料可以通过空气传播，某些地区的微塑料是通过大气从另外一些地区传播来的。所以最终目标是为了得到令人信服的研究结果。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。由第二段“Microplasticsareverysmallpiecesofplastic.Theseplasticparticlesaregenerallysmallerthan5millimetersinlength.Theyefromthebreakdownofmanmadeplasticproductsandindustrialwaste.”可知，微塑料是一种很微小的塑料片。这些微塑料通常长度会小于5毫米。它们来自于人造塑料产品和工业废料的分解物。整个段落在介绍微塑料是什么，它们的大小以及它们来自于哪里。所以是在对微塑料进行描述。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。由第四段Thestudyalsoattemptedtoexplorehowsomeofthematerialcouldhavebeencarriedintheatmosphere.Alimitednumberofearlierstudiesdidfindmicroplasticsintheairofsomecities,includingParis,TehranandDongguan,China.(这项研究还试图探讨一些材料是如何在大气中携带的。少数早期的研究确实在一些城市的空气中发现了微塑料，包括巴黎、德黑兰和中国东莞。)以及第五段“Shebelievesthenewstudyclearlyshowsthat“themajorityofthemicroplasticinthesnowesfromtheair.”ThenewstudysuggeststhatmuchofthemicroplasticfoundinEuropeandtheArcticesfromtheatmosphereandsnow.(她认为这项新的研究清楚地表明，“雪中的微塑料大部分来自空气”，这项新的研究表明，在欧洲和北极发现的微塑料大部分来自大气和雪。)可知，研究人员发现雪中发现的极大多数微塑料来自于大气中，是通过空气传播的。故选B项。【12题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Ihopethenewstudywillleadtomoreresearchonthisissue.Ithinkmicroscopicplasticparticlesshouldbeincludedinworldwideobservationsofairpollutionlevels.Wereallyneedtoknowwhateffectsmicroplastics,haveonhumans,especiallyifinhaledwiththeairthatwebreathe.(我希望新的研究将导致对这个问题的更多研究。我认为微观塑料颗粒应该包括在世界范围内对空气污染水平的观测中。我们真的需要知道微塑料对人类有什么影响，特别是如果我们与呼吸的空气一起吸入的话。)”可知，Bergmann提出，应该集世界之力从空气污染的角度去研究微塑料对人类生活的影响。所以Bergmann在强调应该去研究微塑料对人类生活的影响。故选C项。DArtemisisNASA'snewlunarexplorationprogram.ThroughtheArtemisprogram，NASAwillusenewtechnologytostudytheMooninnewandbetterways，andprepareforhumanmissionstoMars.NASA'snewrocketwillcarrytheOrionspacecrafttolunarorbit.Then，astronautswilldock(对接)OrionatasmallspaceshipcalledtheGateway，fromwhichthecrewwilltaketripstothelunarsurfaceinanewhumanlandingsystem，andthenreturntotheGateway.ThecrewwillreturntoEarthaboardOrion.NASAwilltesttherocketandspacecraftinflight，thensendacrewforatestflight：●Artemis1willbeatestflightoftheSLSrocketwiththeOrionspacecraftwithnocrew.●Artemis2willflySLSandOrionwithacrewpasttheMoon，thencircleitandreturntoEarth.Thistripwillbethefarthestanyhumanhasgoneintospace.●Artemis3willsendacrewwiththefirstwomanandthenextmantolandontheMoonby2024.TheArtemis3crewwillvisittheMoon’sSouthPole.Noonehaseverbeenthere.AttheMoon，astronautswill：●SearchfortheMoon’swateranduseit.●Learnhowtoliveandworkonthesurfaceofanothercelestialbody(天体)whereastronautsarejustthreedaysfromhome.●TestthetechnologiesweneedbeforesendingastronautsonmissionstoMars，whichCantakeuptothreeyearsroundtrip.TheMoonisagoodplacetolearnnewscience.NASAwilllearnmoreabouttheMoon，EarthandeventheSun.TheMoonisa“testbed”forMars.TheMoonisaplacetoshowthatastronautswillonedaybeabletoworkawayfromEarthonMarsforlongperiodsoftime.13.WhatistheaimoftheArtemisprogram?A.TohelpastronautsreturntotheEarth.B.TobereadyforthelandingonMars.C.TostudytheMarsusingnewscience.D.TotesttheMoonlandingspacecraft，Orion.14.WhichwillbetheachievementoftheArtemisseries?A.GoingtotheMoon’sSouthPole.B.Makingthefarthesttripintospace.C.SendingthefirstmantotheMoon.D.FlyingtotheMoonwiththreepersons.15.WhatwillArtemisastronautsdoontheMoon?A.SendastronautstoMars.BRunathreeyearlongtest.C.Findandmakeuseofwater.D.Learntolivenotfarfromhome.【答案】13.B14.A15.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国宇航局的新月球探测计划——Artemis的具体探索任务。这次月球探索任务为登上火星做准备。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThroughtheArtemisprogram，NASAwillusenewtechnologytostudytheMooninnewandbetterways，andprepareforhumanmissionstoMars.（通过Artemis计划，美国宇航局将使用新技术以新的更好的方式研究月球，并为人类的火星任务做准备。）”可知，Artemis计划的目的是为登陆火星做好准备。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第6行“TheArtemis3crewwillvisittheMoon’sSouthPole.Noonehaseverbeenthere.

（Artemis3号宇航员将访问月球南极。没有人去过那里。）”可知，Artemis系列的成就是前往月球南极。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第五行“●SearchfortheMoon’swateranduseit.（寻找月球上的水并利用它。）”可知，Artemis宇航员的任务是找到并使用水。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Campingwithoutacampfireisnotcampingatall.Latenightconversationsandgamesaroundthecampfireareessentialforapleasantcampingexperience.However,yououghttobeawareofthefactthatcampingwithacampfireisnotallaboutfun.___16___Ifyouareplanningtosetupacampfire,orifyouareplanningtocookduringcamping,youshouldremembersomefiresafetytips.Chooseacampsitewhichhasacampfirepit(深坑).___17___Ifthereisnofirepit,setupyourown.However,youshouldbecarefulnottoplacethefirepitnearyourcampingtent.Whenyousetupacampfire,makesurethatyouputthecampfirematerialsintherightorder.Thiscanhelpyoumakesurethattherewillbenoflyingdebris(碎片)onceyoulightyourfire.Putthelightmaterialsfirstsuchaspaperordryleaves.___18___Finally,makesurethatyouplacestonesaroundthecampfirepit.Neverburnplasticsorotherpoisonousmaterials,whichwilldisturbyourneighboringcampgroundguests.Itwillalsosignificantlypollutetheairandpromotetheriskoffirespreads.___19___Useitonlywhenalltheotherfiremakingoptionsfail.___20___Beforeyouleaveyourcampsiteorbeforeyougotobed,makesurethatyourcampfireispletelyout.Leavingfireunattendedrunshighrisksofforestfiresandthelike.A.Then,putthewood.B.Campingcangiveyoualotoffreedom.C.Itneedsacertaindegreeofresponsibility.D.Onetraditionalcampactivityismakingthecampfire.E.Thiswillensurethatyouwillbecapableofcontrollingyourcampfire.F.Onceyourcampfireissetup,donotleavetheflameunattended.G.Donotusepetroleverytimeyouattempttolightyourcampfire.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.G20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。露营时应当有营火,本文就如何选取营火地址、添加使用营火材料以及防护措施提出了建议。【16题详解】根据上句“However,yououghttobeawareofthefactthatcampingwithacampfireisnotallaboutfun.”然而，你应该意识到用营火露营并非全部都是快乐的。再根据空格下句“Ifyouareplanningtosetupacampfire,orifyouareplanningtocookduringcamping,youshouldremembersomefiresafetytips.”如果你打算架起营火，或者如果你想在露营做饭，你应该记住一些消防安全提示。可知放营火需要某种程度的责任。It指代acampfire，notallaboutfun呼应responsibility。故选C。【17题详解】根据上句“Chooseacampsitewhichhasacampfirepit”选择一个营地，有篝火坑。可知，选项要说明这么做的目的是什么。E选项“这将确保你能够控制你的营火”切题。故选E。【18题详解】根据上句“Putthelightmaterialsfirstsuchaspaperordryleaves.”先放轻材料，如纸或干树叶。再根据空格后的Finally,…。由此可知A项“然后放木材”切题。Then呼应前文的first和后文的finally。故选A项。【19题详解】根据空格下句“Useitonlywhenalltheotherfiremakingoptionsfail.”只有当所有其他的生火选项失败时才使用它。由此可知G项，Donotusepetroleverytimeyouattempttolightyourcampfire.（每次你点燃篝火时都不要使用汽油）切题。it指的就是petrol。故选G项。【20题详解】根据下句“Beforeyouleaveyourcampsiteorbeforeyougotobed,makesureF。第三部分完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thismorning,Istartedverylateinmycartooffice,Iwasina___21___toreachmyofficeasmyclients(客户)werewaitingformethere.Unfortunately,Igot___22___inatrafficjam.Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline,anddriverswere___23___blowinghornstogetridoftheir___24___.Igotdownfrommycarandmovedforwardinsearchofthe___25___ofthetrafficjam.Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar,whichmight___26___.Everyonetherewasjust___27___themanwithoutingtooffer___28___tohim.Meanwhile,theywere___29___themanforthetrafficjam.Thenumberofvehicleswasgraduallyincreasing.Themanlooked_____30_____aseveryoneputhimtothescorn(奚落)forcreatingthispublic_____31_____.Nobodywasinthemoodof_____32_____themanforhiserror.Seeingthis,I_____33_____rushedtohelptheman,followedbyotherfourdrivers.We_____34_____topushthecar.Verysoonitstartedwithaloudsound.Themansmiledin_____35_____themomenthiscarworkedagain.Thenhethankedusand_____36_____toeveryonethereandmovedoff.AfterthatIwentintodeepthinkingoverthehuman_____37_____inthetimesofcrisis.Everyhumanonthisearthunavoidablymakeserrors.Whenotherpeopledothatweblame,butwhenweareinthesamecondition,wedesiretogain_____38_____.Inthetimesofcrisisweshouldtryto_____39_____themtogetherinsteadofblamingothers.Forgivingisa_____40_____choice，asitnotonlyavoidsconflictsfurther,butalsospreadsuniversallove.21.A.fashion B.mess C.hurry D.way22.A.injured B.stuck C.lost D.removed23.A.properly B.awkwardly C.considerately D.constantly24.A.anxiety B.concern C.anger D.sadness25.A.cause B.evidence C.influence D.effort26.A.breakdown B.turnoff C.setoff D.pullup27.A.forting B.directing C.watching D.checking28.A.admission B.opportunities C.trust D.assistance29.A.observing B.blaming C.inspiring D.punishing30.A.satisfied B.impatient C.frightened D.embarrassed31.A.progress B.focus C.practice D.inconvenience32.A.forgiving B.criticizing C.persuading D.encouraging33.A.tiredly B.immediately C.purposely D.steadily34.A.pretended B.cooperated C.hesitated D.promised35.A.vain B.secret C.relief D.private36.A.apologized B.shouted C.explained D.plained37.A.intelligence B.relationship C.attitude D.practice38.A.satisfaction B.sympathy C.benefit D.trust39.A.neglect B.estimate C.simplify D.overe40.A.wise B.similar C.painful D.mon【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.B35.C36.A37.C38.B39.D40.A【解析】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己遇到一次交通堵塞的事件，很多人只是在围观、抱怨而不愿帮忙，作者认为面对危机，我们应该怀有同理心，要施以援手，而不是仅仅指责。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天早上，我很晚才开车去办公室，我匆忙赶到办公室，因为我的客户们都在那里等我。A.fashion时尚；B.mess混乱；C.hurry匆忙；D.way方式，道路。根据上文“Thismorning,Istartedverylateinmycartooffice”和下文“asmyclients(客户)werewaitingformethere”可知，作者出发得很晚，要很匆忙地去上班。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我遇上了交通堵塞。A.injured受伤；B.stuck卡住，困住；C.lost迷路；D.removed移动。根据下文“Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline”可知，作者在路上遇上交通堵塞了。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所有的车辆都排成了长龙，司机们不停地鸣笛以发泄他们的愤怒。A.properly合适的；B.awkwardly笨拙地；C.considerately体谅地；D.constantly连续不断地。路上汽车堵得很厉害，所以司机们可能会不停地按喇叭。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上。A.anxiety焦虑；B.concern关心；C.anger生气；D.sadness伤心。根据“Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline”可知车堵得厉害，司机们不停地按喇叭释放内心的愤怒。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下了车，向前走，寻找交通堵塞的原因。A.cause起因；B.evidence证据；C.influence影响；D.effort努力。根据“Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar,whichmight6”，可知此处指作者下车寻找交通堵塞的原因。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个拐弯处，一个年轻人正拼命地往前开他的车，因为车可能坏了。A.breakdown抛锚，垮掉；B.turnoff关掉；C.setoff出发；D.pullup停下，拔起。根据上文“Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar”可知,有人在推车，所以作者猜测可能是他的车抛锚了。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在场的每个人都只是看着那个人，没有过来帮助他。A.forting安慰；B.directing指导；C.watching观看；D.checking核对。根据下文“withoutingtooffer___8___tohim”可知，其他人只是在围观。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上。A.admission承认；B.opportunities机会；C.trust信任；D.assistance帮助。根据上文“Everyonetherewasjust___7___theman”可知，此处指其他人只是在围观，而没有人过来帮助那位年轻人。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，他们指责这个人造成了交通堵塞。A.observing观察；B.blaming责备；C.inspiring鼓励；D.punishing惩罚。根据下文“aseveryoneputhimtothescorn(奚落)forcreatingthispublic____11____”可知，人们都是在指责他造成的堵塞。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人显得很尴尬，因为他给公众造成了不便，大家都奚落他。A.satisfied满意的；B.impatient不耐心的；C.frightened害怕的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。因为别人都是在指责他，所以他显得很尴尬。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上。A.progress进步；B.focus焦点；C.practice练习；D.inconvenience不便。堵塞肯定给大家造成了不便。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人有心情原谅那个人的错误。A.forgiving原谅；B.criticizing批评；C.persuading说服；D.encouraging鼓励。由上文“everyoneputhimtothescorn(奚落)forcreatingthispublic____11____”可知，堵塞给大家造成了不便，没人原谅他。故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：看到这，我立即冲过去帮助那个人，后面跟着其他四名司机。A.tiredly疲劳地；B.immediately立即；C.purposely故意地；D.steadily稳定地。根据下文“rushedtohelptheman”可知，作者马上跑过去帮助那位年轻人。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们合作推这辆车。A.pretended假装；B.cooperated合作；C.hesitated犹豫不决；D.promised许诺。根据上文“followedbyotherfourdrivers”还有四位司机跟着作者一起过来，所以他们是合作解决问题。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那人一看到他的车又能工作了，就如释重负地笑了。A.vain徒劳；B.secret秘密；C.relief安慰；D.private隐私。汽车能重新发动，所以年轻人感到轻松了，inrelief如释重负。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他向我们道谢，向在场的每个人道歉，然后离开了。A.apologized道歉；B.shouted大喊；C.explained解释；D.plained抱怨。此处指年轻人因为给大家造成的麻烦而道歉。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我开始深入思考人类在危机时刻的态度。A.intelligence智力；B.relationship关系；C.attitude态度；D.practice练习。根据“Inthetimesofcrisisweshouldtryto19themtogetherinsteadofblamingothers.”可知作者在思考人们面对危机的时候所采取的不同态度。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当别人那样做的时候，我们责怪，但当我们处于同样的情况下，我们渴望获得同情。A.satisfaction满意；B.sympathy同情；C.benefit利益；D.trust信任。此处指当自己面对危机的时候，我们或许会希望得到他人的同情和帮助。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在危机时刻，我们应该努力共同克服，而不是指责别人。A.neglect忽略；B.estimate估计；C.simplify使简化；D.overe克服，战胜。本句中them指代“crisis（危机，困局）”，因此选项D.overe(克服，战胜)符合语境。故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：宽恕是一个明智的选择，因为它不仅能避免进一步的冲突，而且还能传播普遍的爱。A.wise明智的；B.similar相似的；C.painful痛苦的；D.mon常见的。根据“asitnotonlyavoidsconflictsf