高中英语外研版必修四教学案Module5Section5

[技法指导]1．以地点为写作对象的说明文必须先确定一个观察点，然后以此为辐射点展开介绍周围的情况。常见的观察点包括进(入)口、中心处、制高点、显眼的事物、典型的特征等。2．要想给人一个完整清晰的地点概念，并不需要把每一个地点特征都展示出来，而应抓住本地点最有代表性的特征。3．合理安排说明顺序，有序地介绍说明对象涉及的具体内容。常见的说明顺序有由远及近、由高及低、由大到小、由左及右、由前及后、由外及里等。4．以地点为写作对象的说明文通常按照“总－分”或“总－分－总”的结构形式展开，也就是先概述说明的目的或说明对象的特征，让读者获得对说明对象的总体印象后，再有序地介绍具体内容。有时，在文末可以用总结性的语句作为文章的结尾。黄金表达：教你如何营造亮点1．belocated/situatedin;liein;inthenorthof/totheeastof;bejustlike;looklike;asbeautifulasaflower;befamous/well­knownas/for;becomparedto2．Itcoversanareaofabout...squarekilometers.3．Itsareais...squarekilometers.4．Ithasapopulationof.../Itspopulationis...5．Theclimateispleasant./Theaveragetemperatureis.../Thehottestmonthsare...6．Ithasmanyplacesofinterest,suchas.../Theymakethecityatouristattractionbothathomeandabroad.7．It'sanimmenseregion,withaveryvariedlandscape./It'sawonderfulplacewith...8．Itreallydeservesthenameof...[写作规范][题目要求]假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Sarah打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写封回信，简单介绍以下内容：1．简况：长800余米、600多年历史、300余家商铺；2．位置：天安门广场南面；3．交通：公共汽车17、69、59等路，地铁2号线；4．特色：步行街、当当车、茶馆、剧院等。注意：1.词数：100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：步行街pedestrianstreet；当当车trolleycar；地铁subway[三步作文法]第一步：搜索词汇1．询问askabout2．超过morethan3．位于lie4．方便的convenient5．体验丰富的文化experiencetherichculture第二步：由词造句1．你还可以坐当当车去你想去的地方。①Youcanalsotaketrolleycarstogowhereveryou'dliketo.②Youcanalsotaketrolleycarstogotoanyplacewhereyou'dliketo.2．有一些茶馆和戏院，你可以散步后到那里去放松自己。①Therearesometeashopsandtheaterswhereyoucanrelaxyourselfaftersomewalk.②Therearesometeashopsandtheatersinwhichyoucanrelaxyourselfaftersomewalk.第三步：连句成篇DearSarah，ThankyouforyourletteraskingabouttherebuiltQianmenStreet.Hereissomethingaboutit.Itismorethan800meterslongwithahistoryofover600yearsand300shopsaroundit.ItliessouthoftheTian'anmenSquareanditstrafficisveryconvenient.YoucantakeseveralbusessuchasNo.17,69,59etc.togetthere.YoucanalsotakeNo.2subway.Therearemanyattractionshere.Forexample,youcanwalkonthepedestrianstreettoexperiencetherichcultureofBeijingandbuysomethingyoulike.Youcanalsotaketrolleycarstogowhereveryou'dliketo.Besides,therearesometeashopsandtheaterswhereyoucanrelaxyourselfaftersomewalk.Lookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yours，LiHua[对应学生课下能力提升(二十)]Ⅰ.阅读理解ThiswassomethingthatI'dwantedtodosinceIturned10andbegantoconsidermyself“grownup”．Decidingwheretogowasdifficult.IhadtopicksomewheresmallenoughthatIwouldn'tgettoolost.This，andthefactthatyoucandrinkfromage16,madeVeniceagoodchoiceforourtrip.Theabsenceofcarsmeantthatwewerelesslikelytoberunover,andthelandmarkoftheGrandCanalmadeiteasytofindourwayaround.Veniceissmall,soeverythingiswithinwalkingdistance.Myfriend,Kat,hadbeentherenotlongbefore,andknewthewayaroundabit.Ihadplannedtoeatnothingbutchocolateduringtheholiday.InsteadIfoundmyselflivingonspaghetti.Wespentmostofourdayswanderingaroundwithoutmuchpurpose—Ihaveparentswholiketoseeeverythingiftheystaywithme.Oureveningsweremuchthesame,onlycolder.Ihadbelievedthatwewouldmeetlotsofnewfriends,andmaybeevensomeItalianboys,butbeingunabletospeakawordofthelanguagemadethisdifficult.WefoundalittlesquarefilledwithItalianstudents,butsoonrealizedthattheycameherenottomeetpeoplebuttodrinkwinewiththeirfriends.Wewerelessdisappointedbythisdiscoverythanyouwouldhavethought—itturnsoutthatcheapwinemakesanexcellentreplacementforfriends.Bythecloseoftheseconddaywepaid6togointoachurchandhavealookaround.WevisitedthePeggyGuggenheimMuseumofModernArtthenextday.Iwassurprisedtofindmyselfenjoyingtheart—perhapsbecauseforthefirsttimeIhadn'tbeenforcedintoit.eq\x(语篇解读：本文介绍了作者在威尼斯旅行的经历。)1．WhydidthewriterchoosetotraveltoVenice?A．Becausetherewassomethinghewantedtodo.B．BecauseVeniceissmallandhewouldn'tgetlostthere.C．Becausehebegantoconsiderhimselfgrownup.D．Becauseheknewthelanguagespokentherewell.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第二段的最后两句可知作者之所以选择那里是因为那里地方小，不容易迷路。2．Fromthearticle,wecanknowthat.A．thewriterlikedtheartallthetimeB．thewriterdidn'tlikegoingtothemuseumbeforeC．thewriterwenteverywhereonfootD．thewriterdideverythingalone解析：选B推理判断题。从最后一句中的“...forthefirsttimeIhadn'tbeenforcedintoit.”可知作者第一次没被强迫进入(博物馆)，故可以推出作者以前是不太喜欢去那里的。3．Thewriterwasdisappointedbecause.A．hewanderedaroundwithoutmuchpurposeB．hepaid6togointoachurchC．theItalianboyswerenotinterestedinmakingnewfriendsD．theabsenceofcarsmadehimlesslikelytoberunover解析：选C推理判断题。从第四段第三、四句可知那些意大利男孩是对价格便宜的酒感兴趣而不是交朋友。4．Howmanydaysdidthetriplast?A．Oneday.B．Twodays.C．Threedays.D．Fourdays.解析：选C推理判断题。从第四段倒数第二、三句“Bythecloseofthesecondday...WevisitedthePeggyGuggenheimMuseumofModernArtthenextday.”不难推知作者在那里待了三天。Ⅱ.任务型阅读Asweallknow,differentcountrieshavedifferentcultures.TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestreallydistinguisheachotheralot.1.Theoriginoftheeasternculturesismainlyfromtwocountries:ChinaandIndia.Bothofthetwoculturesarefosteredbyrivers—theYellowRiverinChinaandtheHinduRiverinIndia.2.TheninTangDynastyofChina,theChineseculturegraduallywentoverseastoJapan,mixedintotheJapanesesocietyandshapedtheJapaneseculturenowadays.ThoughabitdifferentfromtheChineseone,itbelongstothesamesystem.WhenthetwomotherriversgavebirthtotheEasternculture,anotherfamousculturewasbroughtupontheMesopotamianPlain—theMesopotamianCivilization.ThiscivilizationlaterondevelopedintotheculturesofAncientGreeceandAncientRome.3.LiketheChineseculture,theEuropeanonealsocrossedwaters.WhentheBritishsettleddowninAmerica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtlanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn'tdistinguishfromtheEuropeanonealot.4．Takethelanguagesystemforexample.IntheEast,mostlanguagesbelongtothepictographiclanguagewhiletheWesternlanguagesaremostlybasedontheLatinsystem.Othercauseslikehumanracedifferencecountaswell.Butwhat'smore,duetothefardistanceandthesteepareasbetweentheEastandWest,thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntilrecentcenturies.Sotheygrewuptotallyintheirownwayswithalmostnointerference(干扰)fromtheother.Thedifferencesareeverywhere.5.Butdifferentculturesmaketheworldof21stcenturymorecolorful.Theculturalgapshouldnotbetheobstacle(障碍)tothecivilizationofhumanbeing.Itoughttobethemotivationofourgoingfarther.A．Letusworktogethertokeepavarietyofculture.B．Andthesetwoarewell­knownasthebaseoftheEuropeanculture.C．Oneimportantthingistolearnaboutothercultures.D．Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopforcenturiesandformtheirownstyles.E．Theyareobviousandaffectpeople'swaysofthinkingandtheirviewsoftheworld.F．Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesaddtotheculturaldifferences.G．Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparatesystemsonthewhole.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，不同的国家有不同的文化，介绍了东西方的文化的起源、发展及区别。)1．解析：选G考查上下文中的逻辑关系。前后两句构成因果关系。根据上一句话的句意“TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestreallydistinguisheachotheralot.(东西方的文化在很多方面都是不同的)”，这是因为是两个不同的文化系统。所以答案选G。2．解析：选D考查上下文中的逻辑关系。根据上一句话“Bothofthetwoculturesarefosteredbyrivers—theYellowRiverinChinaandtheHinduRiverinIndia.(这两种文化都是由中国的河流黄河和印度的印度河培育的。)”其中有非常关键的词both,two。另外也根据意思可以知道答案是选D“Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopforcenturiesandformtheirownstyles.(它们帮助这两家文化发展了几百年，形成了自己的风格。)”前后两句形成一种因果关系。3．解析：选B考查上下文中的逻辑关系。根据前一句话“ThiscivilizationlaterondevelopedintotheculturesofAncientGreeceandAncientRome(这个文明后来发展成古希腊和古罗马的文化)”，其中的关键词是古希腊和古罗马，也就是欧洲。所以答案是B“Andthesetwoarewell­knownasthebaseoftheEuropeanculture.(这两者都是欧洲文化的基础)。”4．解析：选F考查上下文中的逻辑关系。根据下一句话“Takethelanguagesystemforexample.(以语言系统为例)”，表明下面的内容是举例，再根据“Othercauseslikehumanracedifferencecountsaswell”可以知道，其中的关键词是difference，所以答案选F“Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesaddtotheculturaldifferences.(同时，一些其他差异增加了文化差异。)”5．解析：选E考查上下文中的逻辑关系。画线部分前后句一起翻译的意思是“Thedifferencesareeverywhere.Theyareobviousandaffectpeople'swaysofthinkingandtheirviewsoftheworld.Butdifferentculturesmaketheworldof21stcenturymorecolorful.(差异无处不在。它们明显影响人们的思维方式和世界观，但不同的文化使21世纪更加多姿多彩。)”画线部分与前一句的关系是递进关系，与下一句的关系是转折关系。Ⅲ.完形填空Thiswasanunforgettableandwonderfulexperience.Ithappenedaboutthreeyearsagoandithashada1effectonme.IwouldliketoshowrespecthereforthetwomenIdonotknow2butwhoseactionsgaveanew3tothewords—kindandgenerous.Iwaswalkingdownabusystreetonacold，windydayinearly4.Ahomelessman,probablyabout60andwithoutwearinganyshoes,was5forchangeonastreetcorner.ABMWcar6ontheothersideofthestreetandanexecutive(主管)whowasperfectlydressedsteppedoutofthecar.Hewasprobablyabout7yearsold.Hewaswearingabluebusinesssuitwithadeepredsilktie.Hewalked8acrossthestreetandovertothehomelessman.Withoutsayinganything,hefirstgavehimalotof9andthenhesatdownandtookoffhisleathergloves(手套)，beautifulblackleathershoesandhisblackdresssocks.Thenhe10themtothehomelessman.Thehomelessmantookthemandstaredwitha(n)11mouth.Ashedroveoff,Icouldn't12thinkingthatitwasprobablythefirsttimehehad13thepedal(踏板)ofthattop­brandBMWcarwitha14foot！Istoodthereandthelooksof15appearedonmyfaceandthehomelessman's.Twomenofaboutthesameage16verydifferentliveshadmetandtheonewhowas17inmaterialshadoffered18thanhisshoes.HehadleftthisBMWcarand19downfromhishighposition.Helifteduptheothermanwhenheofferedrespect,20andrealgenerosity.eq\x(语篇解读：文章主要讲述了作者自己在街上看到的善行，一位富有的老人对于一位乞讨的老人慷慨解囊，并且将自己的手套和袜子都给他取暖，从中告诉我们人生中真正的慷慨是怎样的。)1．B．badC．strongD．slow解析：选C考查形容词。light“轻的”；bad“坏的”；strong“强壮的”；slow“缓慢的”。从下一句可以看出这件事对作者影响很大。haveastrongeffecton...“对……有很大影响”。故选C。2．A.officiallyB．personallyC．similarlyD．generally解析：选B考查副词。officially“正式地，官方地”；personally“私自地”；similarly“相似地”；generally“普遍地”。从下文可以推出作者本人(personally)不认识他们。故选B。3．A.benefitB．attitudeC．meaningD．award解析：选C考查名词。benefit“利益，好处”；attitude“态度”；meaning“含义”；award“奖品”。根据语境可知作者认为他们的行为赋予了善良和慷慨新的意义(meaning)。故选D。4．A.springB．summerC．autumnD．winter解析：选D考查名词。spring“春天”；summer“夏天”；autumn“秋天”；winter“冬天”。根据前文的cold，后文的“leathergloves”可知故事发生在初冬(winter)。故选D。5．A.searchingB．making C．blaming D．begging解析：选D考查动词。search“搜寻”；make“制作”；blame“责备”；beg“乞讨”。根据句意“一位在街角乞讨的老人”可知，故选D。6．A.calledupB．brokeup C．pulledup D．spedup解析：选C考查动词短语。callup“给……打电话；呼吁，唤起”；breakup“解体，关系破裂”；pullup“(车)停下”；speedup“加速”。根据句意“一辆宝马停在了街边”可知，故选C。7．A.40B．50C．60 D．70解析：选C考查上下文串联。根据第二段的“Ahomelessman,probablyabout60”及最后一段的第一句的“Twomenofaboutthesameage”，故选C。8．A.directlyB．usually C．unwillingly D．fluently解析：选A考查副词。directly“直接地，径直地”；usually“一般地”；unwillingly“不情愿地”；fluently“流畅地”。根据句意“老人直接地向乞讨的老人走去”可知，故选A。9．A.money B．water C．sand D．oil解析：选A考查名词。money“钱”；water“水”；sand“沙子”；oil“油”。根据语境分析可知因为沿街乞讨的老人要零钱，所以坐宝马的老人给他许多钱(money)。故选A。10．A.posted B．handed C．kicked D．threw解析：选B考查动词。post“邮寄”；hand“递交”；kick“踢”；throw“扔”。根据语境可知因为乞讨的老人就在身边，坐宝马的老人又是很尊重地送给他，所以选hand“递过去”。故选B。11．A.closed B．full C．open D．empty解析：选C考查形容词。closed“关上的”；full“满的”；open“开的”：empty“空的”。根据语境分析可知一个沿街乞讨的老人收到如此的恩惠，只能是眼睛瞪得大大的，张着嘴，看着对方。故选C。12．A.stand B．delay C．forget D．help解析：选D考查动词。stand“站”；delay“延迟”；forget“忘记”；help“帮助”。根据句意可知作者情不自禁地想一些事情。固定结构couldn'thelpdoingsth.意为“禁不住地做某事”。故选D。13．A.bended B．cut C．repaired D．pressed解析：选D考查动词。bend“弯曲”；cut“剪切”；repair“修理”；press“按压”。根据语境分析可知开宝马车的老人将鞋和袜子都送人了，所以这也许是第一次光(bare)着脚踩(pressed)汽车的踏板。故选D。14．A.relaxed B．large C．bare D．single解析：选C考查形容词。解析见上题。relaxed“放松的”；large“大的”；bare“赤裸的”；single“单个的”。15．A.excitement B．astonishment C．sadness D．pride解析：选B考查名词。excitement“兴奋”；astonishment“惊奇，令人惊奇的人或事”：sadness“悲伤”；pride“骄傲，自豪”。根据句意“面对此情此景，我和乞讨老人都很吃惊(astonishment)”，故选B。16．A.but B．orC．and D．before解析：选A考查连词。根据句意可知两位老人年龄相同，但生活是明显地不一样的。故选A。17．A.successful B．careful C．useful D．helpful解析：选A考查形容词。successful“成功的”；careful“小心的”；useful“有用的”；helpful“有帮助的”。根据句意“开宝马的老人在物质方面是成功的”可知，故选A。18．A.rather B．more C．other D．better解析：选B考查固定结构。ratherthan“而不是，宁可也不愿”；morethan“多于，超出，不仅仅”；otherthan“除了，不同于，非”；betterthan“比……好”。根据句意“给的不仅仅是鞋”可知，故选B。19．A.broken B．fellC．stepped D．rolled解析：选C考查动词短语。breakdown“机器出故障，身体垮掉”；falldown“摔下来”；stepdown“走下来，退休”；rolldown“滚下来”。根据句意可知老人从宝马车里出来，并放下(stepdown)自己高高在上的身份，帮助需要帮助的人。故选C。20．A.surprise B．disappointment C．anxiety D．kindness解析：选D考查名词。surprise“惊喜”；disappointment“失望”；anxiety“紧张”；kindness“友善”。根据句意可知当坐宝马的老人主动给予尊重、仁慈和真正的慷慨时，他也放下自己高高在上的身份并激励了另一个人。故选D。Ⅳ.语法填空Whyispinkorpurpleacolorforgirlsandblueorbrownforboys?Theanswerdependslargely1.onculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.TotheEgyptians,greenwasacolor2.which/thatrepresentedthehopeandjoyofspring,whileforMuslims,itmeansheaven.Redisasymbolofgoodluckinmanycultures.DuringtheSpringFestivalinChina,children3.aregiven(give)moneyinaredenvelopetobringgoodfortuneintheNewYear.Formanynations,blueisasymbolofprotectionandreligiousbeliefs.Greekpeopleoftenwearabluenecklacehopingtopr